Patent Application
20180355884
The present invention relates to a fan and an air-conditioning apparatus equipped with the fan, and more particularly, to stable driving of an impeller.
A fan such as an axial fan and a mixed flow fan is equipped with an impeller that includes a boss serving as a center of rotation and plural blades provided on an outer circumference of the boss. Fans of various configurations have been proposed conventionally.
For example, as such a type of fan, a fan is proposed in which plural ribs are provided on a leading edge portion of each blade on a suction surface side, extending from an outside leading edge to a rear end of the blade (see, for example, Patent Literature 1). The ribs are disposed in parallel to a tangent to a circular arc centered on a center of an arc portion on the side of circumferential leading edges of the blades by passing through an intersection between the circular arc and a leading edge of the blade to prevent flow separation on a suction surface of the blade and reduce noise.
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No. 4035237 (
For example, in installing a fan on an air-conditioning apparatus or other apparatus, generally a structure member such as a filter and a finger guard adapted to prevent admixture of foreign matter and other matter is placed upstream of an impeller in an airflow direction. For example, when such a structure member is placed in the vicinity of the impeller on an upstream side of the impeller, an air current on a downstream side of the structure member becomes unstable, causing lift on impeller blades to fluctuate. The fluctuation of lift poses a problem in that harsh discrete frequency noise is generated.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problem and has an object to provide a fan and other devices capable of reducing fluctuations of lift on blades.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a fan including an impeller including a boss serving as a center of rotation and a plurality of blades provided on an outer circumferential surface of the boss, and a structure member installed on an upstream side of the impeller in an airflow direction. The plurality of blades each have a plurality of recesses disposed only on a side of a suction surface of a leading edge. The plurality of recesses each have a rectangular shape having two longitudinal sides.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the recesses disposed in a leading edge portion of each blade can slow down velocity of air that has passed through the structure member, the velocity of air varying with the position in the leading edge portion, and thereby reduce fluctuations of lift on the blade. The reduction in the fluctuations of lift can inhibit generation of discrete frequency noise.
A fan and other devices according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings and other figures. In the following drawings, the same components or equivalent components are denoted by the same reference signs and are common throughout the entire text of the embodiments described below. The forms of the components described throughout the entire text of the specification are strictly exemplary, and the components are not limited to the forms described herein. In particular, combinations of components are not limited to those described in any of the embodiments, and components described in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment. Also, the upper side and lower side of the drawings correspond to the “upper side” and “lower side” in the following description. Also, in the following description, the terms “upstream” and “downstream” are used with reference to a flow of a fluid such as air. Furthermore, components of the same kinds distinguished by subscripts may be described without the subscripts when the components do not have to be distinguished or identified from one another. Besides, in the drawings, components may not be shown in their true size relations.
The impeller 1 includes a boss 3 serving as a center of rotation (rotating axis) of the impeller 1 and plural blades 2 provided on an outer circumferential surface of the boss 3. The boss 3 of the impeller 1 is connected to a motor (not shown) adapted to rotationally drive the impeller 1. The impeller 1 is configured to move air in a direction away from the viewer in
The recesses 8 are aligned on the side of the suction surface 7 of the blade 2 along the leading edge portion 5. The blade 2 is made of a material having a thickness between the suction surface and a pressure surface and the recesses 8 are formed only on the suction surface. A depth of the recesses 8 is, for example, 20 to 70% the thickness of the blade 2. On the other hand, the trailing edge portion 6 of the blade 2 decreases in thickness toward the trailing edge and no recess 8 is formed in the trailing edge portion 6. In the present embodiment, the plural recesses 8 are aligned at equal intervals along the leading edge portion 5. Also, spacing between adjacent recesses 8 along the leading edge portion 5 is about equal to a width of the recess 8 (spacing between two longitudinal sides of the rectangular shape) and can be, for example, about 0.5 to 3.0 times the width of the recess 8. It is advisable that the spacing is about 0.8 to 2.0 times the width of the recess 8. Furthermore, each recess 8 is disposed such that the two longitudinal sides of the rectangular shape will extend in parallel to each other along a normal to a line connecting the center of rotation of the impeller 1 to the leading edge in the leading edge portion 5. A length of the recess 8 in a longitudinal direction is, for example, about equal to the thickness of the blade 2 (70 to 150% the thickness). Also, the recesses 8 may be provided in portions of the leading edge portion 5 that are close to an outer circumference, but not in portions that are close to the boss 3.
Next, description will be given of the effect of disposing the recesses 8 in the leading edge portions 5 of the blades 2 in a configuration of the fan 100 shown in the present embodiment. Generally, when a fan 100 is used by being installed in an air-conditioning apparatus, from the viewpoint of preventing admixture of foreign matter, from the viewpoint of safety, and other considerations, for example, as shown in
For example, with a fan 100 of a conventional configuration, when the impeller 1 is rotating, an inflow angle of an air current toward each blade 2 changes in the process in which the blade 2 passes through the wake. Because the blade 2 passes through the wake periodically, periodic fluctuations of lift occur on the blade 2, generating harsh discrete frequency noise.
On the other hand, when plural recesses 8 are disposed in the leading edge portion 5 of the blade 2 as with the fan 100 shown in Embodiment 1, a substantial attack angle of the air current in the leading edge portion 5 varies between a portion in which the recesses 8 are disposed and a portion in which no recess 8 is disposed.
More specifically, a velocity component in a direction of the rotating axis of the fan 100 decreases in the wake. Consequently, the attack angle is small in the portion in which the recesses 8 are disposed and large in the portion in which no recess 8 is disposed. Consequently, the fluctuations of lift occurring on the blade 2 when the rotating blade 2 passes through the wake of the structure member 9 differ between the portion in which the recesses 8 are provided and the portion in which no recess 8 is provided. According to Embodiment 1, a portion in which the recess 8 is formed and a portion in which no recess 8 is formed are arranged alternately along the leading edge. A position where lift is large due to wake flow behind the structure member 9 shifts due to differences in fluctuations of the lift. As a result, the fluctuations of lift occurring on the blade 2 are small as a whole. Also, because the width of the recesses 8 is roughly equal to a distance between the recesses 8, the fluctuations of lift can be reduced properly.
Also, the recess 8 is formed into a rectangular shape to have the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the leading edge portion 5. Consequently, in the leading edge portion 5, the air current flowing along the suction surface 7 of the blade 2 is disturbed. Consequently, when the blade 2 passes through the wake, an amount of change in velocity relative to the blade 2 is reduced, further reducing the fluctuations of lift occurring on the blade 2.
Thus, with the fan 100 of the configuration according to Embodiment 1, even when a structure member 9 is installed on the upstream side of the fan 100, it is possible to reduce discrete frequency noise caused by interference between the wake of the structure member 9 and the blade 2.
The fan 100 according to Embodiment 1 reduces fluctuations of lift on the blade 2 and inhibits generation of discrete frequency noise by disposing plural recesses 8 in the leading edge portion 5 of the blade 2. By adjusting the positions where the recesses 8 are disposed, the fan 100 according to the present embodiment achieves the effect of reducing discrete frequency noise more efficiently. In Embodiment 2, items and other features not described specifically are similar to corresponding items according to Embodiment 1. Also, components and other parts having the same functions, configurations, and other features as those of Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference signs as the corresponding components of Embodiment 1.
With such structure member 9, velocity changes greatly in the wakes, especially in areas where ring-shaped members 9A and bar-shaped members 9B intersect each other, generating significant discrete frequency noise. Also, when the blades 2 are viewed in the direction of the rotating axis, wake flow is generated toward the blades 2 along entire circumferences of the ring-shaped members 9A. When the blades 2 are viewed radially outward from the center of the rotating axis, parts of the blades 2 that extend from the center of the rotating axis to the radii of the ring-shaped members 9A are affected greatly by the wake flow. The recesses 8 correspond to the parts of the blades 2 affected greatly by the wake flow as described above. For example, when a given blade 2 is viewed in the direction of the rotating axis, the recesses 8 can be disposed, covering portions affected by the wake flow by being overlapped by the ring-shaped members 9A over at least 1/4 of the entire circumference during one rotation of the blade 2.
On the other hand, the bar-shaped members 9B extend radially in a radial direction. Consequently, influence of wake flow occurs only in a very small portion of the entire circumference, and portions in the vicinity of the bar-shaped members 9B are not affected significantly. Consequently, as shown in
However, even behind objects extending radially in the radial direction, portions of the blades 2 that are very close to the objects are greatly affected by the wake flow. Consequently, it is advisable to dispose recesses 8 not only behind the ring-shaped members 9A, but also, for example, at positions of the blades 2 that approach the structure member 9 to a distance of 1/20 or less of a diameter of the blades 2. In particular, the blades 2 are affected greatly by wake flow in an outer circumferential portion where velocity becomes high. Thus, for example, recesses 8 may be provided in a range of 60 to 100% from a center side in the radial direction of each blade 2.
As described above, when the blades 2 are viewed in the direction of the rotating axis, on the structure member 9, a position at which a large part of the structure member 9 overlaps the blades 2, a position at which plural members intersect or branch off, and a position at which the structure member 9 comes very close to the blades 2 are positions at which the structure member 9 interferes with the leading edge portions 5 of the blades 2. Thus, in the fan 100 according to Embodiment 2, the recesses 8 are disposed in positions on the leading edge portions 5 of the blades 2 that interfere with the structure member 9.
This configuration inhibits generation of discrete frequency noise caused by interference of the wake created by the structure member 9 installed on the upstream side of the fan 100 with the blades 2. Also, the fan 100 according to the present embodiment can prevent deterioration in fan performance, including reduction in a flow rate and reduction in pressure increase, caused by installation of plural recesses 8 in the leading edge portion 5 of each blade 2.
For example, when the recesses 8 are disposed in the leading edge portion 5 of each blade 2, the air current flowing along the suction surface 7 of the blade 2 is disturbed in the leading edge portion 5. Consequently, the fluctuations of lift occurring on the blade 2 can be mitigated, and drag occurring on the blade 2 increases. Consequently, the fan performance of the fan 100 is deteriorated as well. However, in the fan 100 according to Embodiment 2, as the recesses 8 are disposed in areas affected greatly by the wake flow created by the structure member 9 installed on the upstream side of the fan 100, the deterioration in fan performance can be reduced.
The fan 100 shown in
For example, the impeller 1 includes a boss 3 serving as a center of rotation and plural blades 2 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the boss 3. The blades 2 extend in the radial direction of the boss 3 to be attached. Circumferential velocity of the blades 2 when the impeller 1 is rotated increases on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2. Consequently, velocity of incoming airflow relative to the blades 2 increases on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2. Consequently, a thickness of a velocity boundary layer formed on a blade surface of each blade 2 is thinner on the outer circumferential side of the blade 2 than on the inner circumferential side.
The recesses 8 provided in the leading edge portions 5 of the blades 2 disturb flow in the leading edge portions 5, reducing fluctuations of lift caused when the blades 2 pass through the wake created by the structure member 9 installed on the upstream side of the fan 100. This effect can be obtained by breaking the velocity boundary layer formed on the blade surface of each blade 2. Consequently, the width dimension 10 of the recesses 8 formed in the leading edge portion 5 may be about equal to the thickness of the velocity boundary layer formed on the blade surface of each blade 2. For example, the thickness of the velocity boundary layer formed on the blade surface of each blade 2 is smaller on the outer circumferential side of the blade 2. Thus, the width dimension 10 of the recesses 8 provided in the leading edge portion 5 of the blade 2 can be smaller on the outer circumferential side of the blade 2.
Furthermore, this configuration of the fan 100 can reduce amounts of turbulence occurring in the leading edge portions 5 of the blades 2. Consequently, it is possible to curb increases in the drag occurring on the blade 2 and reduce deterioration in fan performance.
The blade 2 of the fan 100 shown in
In the impeller 1, the circumferential velocity of the blades 2 is higher on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2. Consequently, discrete frequency noise caused by interference with the wake created by the structure member 9 installed on the upstream side of the fan 100 is more likely to occur on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2. Consequently, fluctuations of lift are larger on the outer circumferential side of the blade 2 than on the inner circumferential side. When the spacing 12A between the recesses 8 disposed on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2 is set to be narrower than the spacing 12B between the recesses 8 disposed on the inner circumferential side, the effect of reducing fluctuations of blade power due to changes in the attack angle caused by the recesses 8 is higher on the outer circumferential side of the blade 2 than on the inner circumferential side. Consequently, it is possible to effectively reduce discrete frequency noise generated on the outer circumferential side where the circumferential velocity is high.
In the fan 100 according to Embodiment 4, each blade 2 provided with recesses 8 in the leading edge portion 5 has a substantially arc-shaped projection 13, which is a convex portion, on the suction surface 7 of the leading edge portion 5 provided with the recesses 8. Due to the substantially arc-shaped projection 13, when the blade 2 passes through the wake created by the structure member 9 installed on the upstream side of the fan 100, the substantial attack angle of the air current in the leading edge portion 5 varies more greatly between the portions in which the recesses 8 are formed and the portions in which no recess 8 is formed.
Consequently, it is possible to further reduce the fluctuations of lift occurring on the blades 2 when the blades 2 of the rotating impeller 1 pass through the wake of the structure member 9 and effectively reduce generation of discrete frequency noise. Also, the substantially arc-shaped projections 13, which are provided in regions of the leading edge portions 5 in which the recesses 8 are provided, can keep down deterioration in fan performance caused by increased blockages.
Furthermore, a height dimension of the substantially arc-shaped projections 13 may be reduced on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2. For example, by reducing the height dimension of the substantially arc-shaped projections 13 on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2, it is possible to further reduce deterioration in the fan performance caused by increased blockages on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2 while achieving the effect of breaking the velocity boundary layers on the outer circumferential side of the blades 2 where the velocity boundary layers on the blade surfaces are thin.
The indoor unit 200 mainly includes a casing 4, the fan 100, and a heat exchanger 50. The casing 4 according to Embodiment 5 houses not only the fan 100, but also the heat exchanger 50. Also, the casing 4 includes an air inlet 21 used to such air, for example, from a room to be air-conditioned into the indoor unit 200 and an air outlet 22 used to supply air-conditioned air into the room. The fan 100 forms a flow of air, causing air to flow through the air inlet 21 into the heat exchanger 50 and flow out through the air outlet 22. The fan 100 is placed on a downstream side of the air inlet 21 but on an upstream side of the heat exchanger 50. In relation to the flow of air, the heat exchanger 50 is placed, for example, on an air course between the fan 100 and air outlet 22. The heat exchanger 50 exchanges heat between refrigerant and air and conditions air. The above components make up an air course passing through the casing 4. The air inlet 21 is formed to open in an upper part of the casing 4. The air outlet 22 is formed to open in a front bottom part of the casing 4. On a rear side 4b of the casing 4, the indoor unit 200 is fixed to a wall in the vicinity of a ceiling in the room. Then, the indoor unit 200 sucks air in the vicinity of the ceiling, and blows out conditioned air from a lower side.
Here, the air-conditioning apparatus as a whole forms a refrigerant circuit, for example, by connecting the indoor unit 200 and an outdoor unit (not shown) with each other through pipes.
According to the present embodiment, the finger guard is installed as a structure member 9 over the air inlet 21 on the upstream side of the fan 100. In a part of the fan 100 that is affected greatly by the wake flow of the finger guard, the recesses 8 are disposed in the blades 2. Consequently, it is possible to effectively reduce generation of noise in the indoor unit 200. In particular, when the fan 100 with the recesses 8 provided in the blades 2 is used in the indoor unit 200 in a room for which quietness is required, a quieting effect can be improved.
impeller 2 blade 3 boss 4 casing 4b rear side 5 leading edge portion 6 trailing edge portion 7 suction surface 8 recess 9 structure member 9A ring-shaped member 9B bar-shaped member 10 width dimension 10A width dimension 10B width dimension 11A dimension 11B dimension 13 arc-shaped projection 21 air inlet 22 air outlet 50 heat exchanger 100 fan 200 indoor unit
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-158258 | Aug 2015 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/063878 | 5/10/2016 | WO | 00 |
