Patent Application
20140061423
This invention relates to vibration isolation.
Vibration isolation systems typically include a platform and a plurality of isolators often one in each corner of the platform. An isolator may include a piston on a diaphragm supporting the platform. A first (top) pressurized air chamber supports the diaphragm and a second (bottom) pressurized air chamber supplies air to the first chamber and acts as a reservoir.
In some designs, stiff and soft modes of isolation are possible. Reasons to control the stiffness of the isolator include responding to loads or changes in loads on the platform. When the isolation platform is used to isolate a machine (such as a shaker) from the floor of a building, it can be desirable to adjust the stiffness of the system in real time based on the operation cycle of the machine. U.S. Pat. No. 6,123,312, for example, incorporated herein by this reference, shows a pressure regulator regulating the pressure in the second chamber based on the load on the platform. The second chamber is connected to the first chamber via an isolation controller which controls the gas flow rate from the second chamber to the first chamber. A control signal controls the isolation controller and thus the stiffness of the isolator.
In another design, a valve allows air to flow from the second chamber to the first chamber via either high or low resistance coils in order to control the stiffness of the isolator.
Other relevant prior art may include U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,796,873; 7,114,710; 4,531,699; 4,735,296; 5,061,541; 5,348,266 and 5,962,104, all of which are incorporated herein by this reference.
Transition to the stiff mode of isolation is effected in an example of the subject invention by by-passing the bottom chamber providing more rapid pressurization of the top chamber to handle, for example, moving loads.
In some examples, one more actuator subsystems are included to restrain movement of the isolator platform.
In some examples of the invention, the natural frequency of the isolation platform is adjusted based on the frequency of a machine supported by the platform.
In one aspect a fast response, dual stiffness mode isolator is featured including a flexible diaphragm for an isolation piston, a first chamber supporting the flexible diaphragm, a second chamber serving as a reservoir, and a valve connected to a supply, to the first chamber, and to the second chamber and operable to by-pass the second chamber to more quickly direct the supply to the first chamber.
In one embodiment, the valve may be electrically controlled. The valve may be configured to by-pass the second chamber when de-energized. The first chamber may be smaller than the second chamber. The valve may be connected to the second chamber via a first restriction and via a connection. The valve may be connected to the first chamber via a second restriction. The first and second restrictions may be airline coils. The first coil may be longer than the second coil. The isolator may include a controller subsystem configured to control the valve based on an input signal. The isolator may include a detector responsive to an elevation position of the isolation piston or a platform and supplying a signal to the controller subsystem. The controller subsystem may be responsive to the signal and configured to control the valve in a soft mode of operation to direct the supply from the second chamber to the first chamber and in a stiff mode of operation to bypass the second chamber and to direct the supply to the first chamber.
In another aspect, a fast response, dual stiffness mode isolator is featured including a first chamber supporting a flexible diaphragm, a second chamber serving as a reservoir, and a valve connected to a supply, to the first chamber via a first restriction, and to the second chamber via a second restriction and via a conduit and configured to by-pass the second chamber to more quickly direct the supply to the first chamber via the first restriction in a stiff mode of operation and to direct the supply to the first chamber via the second restriction, the second chamber, and the first restriction in a soft mode of operation.
In one embodiment, the valve may be electrically controlled. The valve may be configured to by-pass the second chamber when de-energized. The first chamber may be smaller than the second chamber. The first and second restrictions may be coils. The first coil may be longer than the second coil. The isolator may include a controller subsystem configured to control the valve based on an input signal.
In another aspect, a method of controlling the stiffness of an isolator is featured. The method includes in a soft mode of isolation, directing a supply from a second chamber to a first chamber, and in a stiff mode of isolation, by-passing the second chamber and directing the supply to the first chamber.
In one embodiment, in the soft mode of isolation, the supply may be directed from the second chamber through a first restriction to the first chamber. In the stiff mode of isolation, the supply may be directed from a source through the first restriction to the first chamber. In the stiff mode of isolation, the supply may be further directed through a second restriction to the second chamber. The first and second restrictions may be coils. The first coil may be longer than the second coil. The directing and by-passing may be via a valve connected to a supply, to the first chamber, and to the second chamber. The method may include the step of controlling the valve based on an input signal.
In yet another aspect, a method of manufacturing an isolator is featured. The method includes providing a first chamber to support a diaphragm, connecting the first chamber to a second chamber via a valve and a first restriction, and connecting a supply to the valve and to a second restriction connected to the second chamber.
In one embodiment, the first and second restrictions may be coils. The method may include automatically activating the valve to direct the supply to first chamber via first chamber via the first restriction bypassing the second chamber in a stiff mode of operation.
The subject invention, however, in other embodiments, need not achieve all these objectives and the claims hereof should not be limited to structures or methods capable of achieving these objectives.
Other objects, features and advantages will occur to those skilled in the art from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings, in which:
Aside from the preferred embodiment or embodiments disclosed below, this invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or being carried out in various ways. Thus, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. If only one embodiment is described herein, the claims hereof are not to be limited to that embodiment. Moreover, the claims hereof are not to be read restrictively unless there is clear and convincing evidence manifesting a certain exclusion, restriction, or disclaimer.
In the prior art design of
In one preferred embodiment, a fast response dual stiffness mode isolator 60,
Top chamber 18 is pressurized in the soft mode of operation by activating valve 62 to close port B and to open port C. This may be the configuration of valve 62 when it is energized by a signal from controller 80. Pressurized air now flows from chamber 20 through ports C and A of valve 62 to top smaller chamber 18.
By closing port C and opening port B of valve 62 in the stiff mode of operation (preferably by de-energizing valve 62), bottom chamber 20 is by-passed and supply air is directed to top chamber 18 via ports B and A and short damping coil 68. At the same time, supply air is directed to bottom chamber 20 via long coil 72 to pressurize bottom chamber 20. Other restriction methods and devices can be used in lieu of coil 72 and 68.
The control signal from controller 80 to solenoid valve 62 may be based on the output signal of the operation of the machine above the platform or from signals representing loads on and/or movement of platform 12 (using velocity sensors, accelerometers, and the like, for example).
Uniquely, a restriction such as long damping coil 72 is in series between the other restriction such as short damping coil 68. By diverting air flow through both restrictions and pressurizing chambers 18 and 20 simultaneously, top chamber 18 can provide the necessary reaction force to regain the original platform level position in a shorter time. A higher stiffness is provided due to the fact that damping chamber 20 is located at the end of the air supply line with no air flow through it when the isolator is in the stiff mode.
In some examples, controller subsystem 80 further controls one or more actuator subsystems (e.g., rigid restraints) to restrain the platform vertically and/or horizontally. The controller subsystem may be a programmable logic controller, a computer, an application specific integrated circuit, or the like or a combination of these and like kinds of electronic devices interconnected by wiring and/or distributed and communicating wirelessly.
In
Also shown in this example at each corner is a downward restraint actuator subsystem 100 which prevents a platform corner from moving downward. Optionally an upward restraint actuator subsystem 102 and upward restraint actuators 102c and 102d is also provided at each corner to prevent a platform corner from moving upwards. Typically, a machine on the platform sends a signal to the controller indicating that the load is about to move. In response, the controller sends the appropriate signals to downward restrain actuator subsystem 100 and upward restraint actuator subsystem 102. There respective actuators prevent the platform from moving up or down. A similar signal may be sent to the horizontal actuator subsystem to prevent horizontal movement of the platform. The controller also signals the isolator subsystem to bleed the isolators that the load is moving away from and to fill the isolators that the load is moving towards.
In but one example, the controller in response to a signal from a payload operation on platform 12, activates downward restraint actuators 100a and 100b and upward restraint actuators 102c and 102d and all four horizontal restraint actuators. Examples of high loads triggering the activation of the restrainers include a robot art on platform 12 moving a heavy load. If the load changes to a first threshold, the controller subsystem may cause one or more isolator 60 to operate in the stiff mode as described above with respect to
In
As noted above, controller subsystem 80 may also control isolator 60′ via valve 62. In one example, the bottom chamber of isolator 60′ can be charged while piston 122 is extended.
When platform 12 lifts up, load sensor 114 detects an increased force and sends a signal to controller subsystem 80 which then actuates pneumatic actuator 120 piston 122 which pushes sliding plates 140 and 136 down thus pulling the rods and platform 12 down. The machine on the platform may also send a signal to controller subsystem 80 to actuate pneumatic actuator 120.
Block 202 is preferably partially within or coupled to the top of piston 16,
When controller subsystem 80 activates locking solenoid 208, air is supplied to actuators 200a-200d and pistons 204a-204d extend arresting horizontal movement of the piston and thus the platform. When the pistons retract by closing solenoid 208, normal isolation resumes. Typically, each platform leg isolator is equipped with such a horizontal restraint system automatically activated when the vertical restraint subsystem is activated.
Controller subsystem 80 (which may include digital controller 80a and frequency monitoring device 80b with double integration electronic circuits)) receives and is responsive to a signal representing the frequency of machine 300.
Controller subsystem 80 is configured to adjust isolator 60 between the soft and stiff modes via controller valve 62 depending on the frequency of machine 300. For example, the natural frequency of the platform and isolators in the soft mode is known as is the natural frequency of the platform and isolators in the stiff mode of operation.
If the frequency of machine 300 approaches or is near the natural frequency of the platform in the soft mode, controller subsystem 80 activates valve 62 to switch isolator 60 to the stiff mode. At all other times, controller 80 actuates valve 62 to switch isolator 60 to the soft mode. In this way, resonance magnification is avoided.
In this particular example, a first channel of digital logic control unit 80a receives a signal from shaker controller 302. The second channel of the digital logic control unit receives a signal from the double integration circuit in frequency monitoring device 80b. Both channels of digital logic control unit 80a may include analog to digital data collection cards. The absolute value of the amplitudes of the two signals (input and output) of the double integers should have a precise ratio equal to the square of the angular frequency of the by-passed shaker controller input signal. Through this process, unit 80a is programmed to determine the frequency of the input signal instantly and to engage or disengage the dual modes or rigid support mode of the isolation system. The ratio of the angular frequencies should be the same power of the difference of the order difference in the integration device.
Controller subsystem 80 may also be configured to “lock out” the system (e.g., rigidly support the platform) by activating solenoid 124 and/or solenoid 208 to engage the vertical and/or horizontal restraint actuators if the frequency of machine 300 reaches a predetermined frequency and/or amplitude which could adversely affect the testing process or damage the system and/or its components and to prevent resonance magnification.
Frequency monitoring device 80b preferably includes an electronic double integration circuit which receives a signal from the shaker controller 302 and identifies the shaker's frequency of operation. Digital logic control unit 80a receives a signal from frequency monitoring device 80b provided to a first channel of digital logic control unit 80a which has two or more channels of analog to digital data collection cards. Controller 80a via second channel receives a signal from a double integration circuit in the frequency monitoring device 80b. The absolute value of the amplitude of the two signals should have a precise ratio equal to the square of the angular frequency of the by-passed input signal, thus through this process unit 80a is programmed to determine the frequency of the input signal instantly and to engage and disengage the dual/multiple mode or rigid support mode of the isolation system. The ratio for the angular frequency should be same power of the difference of the order difference in the integration device.
Controller 80 may also be programmed to “lock out” the system by activating solenoid 124 and/or solenoid 208 to engage the vertical and/or horizontal restraint actuators if the frequency of machine 300 reaches a predetermined frequency and/or amplitude which could jeopardize the testing process or damage the system and/or its components and to prevent resonance magnification.
Although specific features of the invention are shown in some drawings and not in others, this is for convenience only as each feature may be combined with any or all of the other features in accordance with the invention. The words “including”, “comprising”, “having”, and “with” as used herein are to be interpreted broadly and comprehensively and are not limited to any physical interconnection. Moreover, any embodiments disclosed in the subject application are not to be taken as the only possible embodiments.
In addition, any amendment presented during the prosecution of the patent application for this patent is not a disclaimer of any claim element presented in the application as filed: those skilled in the art cannot reasonably be expected to draft a claim that would literally encompass all possible equivalents, many equivalents will be unforeseeable at the time of the amendment and are beyond a fair interpretation of what is to be surrendered (if anything), the rationale underlying the amendment may bear no more than a tangential relation to many equivalents, and/or there are many other reasons the applicant can not be expected to describe certain insubstantial substitutes for any claim element amended.
Other embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art and are within the following claims.
