Patent Application
20140165405
The present invention relates generally to a member, which is employed for providing sealing, noise/vibration reduction, structural reinforcement or a combination thereof.
For many years, industry and particularly the transportation industry, has been concerned with designing members for providing baffling, sealing, structural reinforcement or the like to automotive vehicles. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,755,486; 4,901,500; and 4,751,249, each of which is incorporated herein by reference, describe exemplary prior art devices for baffling, sealing or reinforcing. Such members typically include an expandable material, which may or may not be combined with other components for forming a seal, a baffle, a structural reinforcement or the like in a cavity of an automotive vehicle.
Often times, however, assembly of such members to the automotive vehicles or other articles of manufacture can present difficulties. Moreover, difficulties can be presented when designing a member that can applied to various locations of an article of manufacture or various different articles of manufacture. Thus, the present invention seeks to provide a member for baffling, sealing or reinforcing that overcomes one of these difficulties or provides other advantages, which will become apparent upon reading the detailed description of the invention.
The present invention is directed to a member designed to provide baffling, sealing or reinforcement to an article of manufacture such as an automotive vehicle. The member generally includes a carrier, an expandable material and one or more fasteners. Preferably, the expandable material can be heat activated or otherwise activated to provide the baffling, sealing or reinforcement to the article of manufacture.
The features and inventive aspects of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the following detailed description, claims, and drawings, of which the following is a brief description:
The present invention is predicated upon the provision of a member for providing baffling, sealing, reinforcing or a combination thereof to an article of manufacture. It is contemplated that the member may be applied (e.g., assembled) to various articles of manufacture such as boat, trains, buildings, appliances, homes, furniture or the like. It has been found, however, that the member is particularly suitable for application to automotive vehicles.
The member typically includes:
a) a carrier;
b) an expandable material disposed upon the carrier; and
c) one or more fasteners, which may be attached to the carrier, the expandable material or both.
The member is typically assembled to an article of manufacture by attaching the one or more fasteners to a portion of the article such that the expandable material is located within a cavity or elsewhere upon the article. Thereafter, the expandable material is typically expanded to provide baffling, sealing or reinforcement to the article. Advantageously, the fasteners, the carrier or both can assist in assembly of the member to an article of manufacture. Moreover, the member can be formed using techniques that are efficient, inexpensive, expedient or a combination thereof.
The carrier of the present invention may be formed in a variety of shapes and in a variety of configurations according to the present invention. For example, the carrier may be planar or contoured, geometric or non-geometric, continuous or non-continuous, flexible or rigid, or otherwise configured. The carrier may also include only a single continuous part or may be formed of multiple parts directly connected to each other or connected through additional components.
The one or more fasteners of the present invention may also be provided in a variety of shapes and in a variety of configurations as long as they can secure the carrier, the expandable material or both to a structure. Examples of suitable fasteners include mechanical fasteners, clips, snap-fits, screws, combinations thereof or the like. Furthermore, it is contemplated that the one or more fasteners may be formed integral of a singular material with the carrier or may be formed of a different material and may be removably attached to the carrier.
According to one preferred embodiment, the fastener is provided as a magnetic material or an adhesive material that can attach (e.g., adhere or magnetically secure) the carrier and/or the expandable material to a metal or other structure. In such an embodiment, the magnetic material or the adhesive material may be interspersed with the carrier or the expandable material. Alternatively, the magnetic material or the adhesive material may be disposed upon the carrier or the expandable material or may be otherwise connected to the carrier or the expandable material.
The carrier and the one or more fastener may be formed of a variety of materials such as metal, polymers, elastomers, fibrous materials (e.g., cloth or woven materials), combinations thereof or the like. Preferably, the carrier and the one or more fasteners are at least partially formed of a polymeric material (e.g., a thermoplastic, an elastomer, a plastomer, a thermoset material, a plastic, a combination thereof or the like). In one embodiment, it is contemplated that the carrier, the one or more fasteners or both may be formed of the same material although typically they are formed of different materials.
The expandable material may be formed from a variety of suitable materials. Preferably, the expandable material is formed of a heat activated material having foamable characteristics. The material may be generally dry to the touch or tacky and may be shaped in any form of desired pattern, placement, or thickness, but is preferably of substantially uniform thickness.
In one embodiment, it is contemplated that the expandable material has a shape substantially similar or identical to a portion of the cavity into which the material is placed, only the expandable material will be substantially smaller (e.g. at least about 100%, 1000%, 2000% or 3000% smaller) than the portion of the cavity until expanded.
Though other heat-activated materials are possible for the expandable material, a preferred heat activated material is an expandable polymer or plastic, and preferably one that is foamable. A particularly preferred material is a relatively high expansion foam having a polymeric formulation that includes one or more of an acrylate, an acetate, an elastomer, a combination thereof or the like. For example, and without limitation, the foam may be an EVA/rubber based material, including an ethylene copolymer or terpolymer that may possess an alpha-olefin. As a copolymer or terpolymer, the polymer is composed of two or three different monomers, i.e., small molecules with high chemical reactivity that are capable of linking up with similar molecules.
A number of baffling or sealing foams are known in the art and may also be used to produce the foam. A typical foam includes a polymeric base material, such as one or more ethylene-based polymers which, when compounded with appropriate ingredients (typically a blowing and curing agent), expands and cures in a reliable and predictable manner upon the application of heat or the occurrence of a particular ambient condition. From a chemical standpoint for a thermally-activated material, the structural foam is usually initially processed as a flowable material before curing, and upon curing, the material will typically cross-link making the material incapable of further flow.
One advantage of the preferred foam materials over prior art materials is that the preferred materials can be processed in several ways. The preferred materials can be processed by injection molding, extrusion compression molding or with a mini-applicator. This enables the formation and creation of part designs that exceed the capability of most prior art materials.
While the preferred materials for fabricating the expandable material has been disclosed, the expandable material can be formed of other materials provided that the material selected is heat-activated or otherwise activated by an ambient condition (e.g. moisture, pressure, time or the like) and cures in a predictable and reliable manner under appropriate conditions for the selected application. One such material is the epoxy based resin disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,131,897, the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference, filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office on Mar. 8, 1999 by the assignee of this application. Some other possible materials include, but are not limited to, polyolefin materials, copolymers and terpolymers with at least one monomer type an alpha-olefin, phenol/formaldehyde materials, phenoxy materials, and polyurethane materials with high glass transition temperatures. See also, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,766,719; 5,755,486; 5,575,526; and 5,932,680, (incorporated by reference). In general, the desired characteristics of the material include high glass transition temperature (typically greater than 70 degrees Celsius), relatively high expansion and adhesion durability properties. In this manner, the material does not generally interfere with the materials systems employed by automobile manufacturers.
In applications where the expandable material is a heat activated, thermally expanding material, an important consideration involved with the selection and formulation of the material comprising the foam is the temperature at which a material reaction or expansion, and possibly curing, will take place. Typically, the foam becomes reactive at higher processing temperatures, such as those encountered in an automobile assembly plant, when the foam is processed along with the automobile components at elevated temperatures or at higher applied energy levels, e.g., during paint curing steps. While temperatures encountered in an automobile assembly operation may be in the range of about 148.89° C. to 204.44° C. (about 300° F. to 400° F.), body and paint shop applications are commonly about 93.33° C. (about 200° F.) or slightly higher. If needed, blowing agent activators can be incorporated into the composition to cause expansion at different temperatures outside the above ranges. Generally, suitable expandable foams have a range of expansion ranging from approximately 0 to over 1000 percent.
In another embodiment, the expandable material is provided in an encapsulated or partially encapsulated form, which may comprise a pellet, which includes an expandable foamable material, encapsulated or partially encapsulated in an adhesive shell. An example of one such system is disclosed in commonly owned, co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 09/524,298 (“Expandable Pre-Formed Plug”), hereby incorporated by reference.
It is contemplated that the expandable could be delivered and placed into contact with the carrier, through a variety of delivery systems which include, but are not limited to, a mechanical snap fit assembly, extrusion techniques commonly known in the art as well as a mini-applicator technique as in accordance with the teachings of commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 5,358,397 (“Apparatus For Extruding Flowable Materials”), hereby expressly incorporated by reference. In this non-limiting embodiment, the material or medium is at least partially coated with an active polymer having damping characteristics or other heat activated polymer, (e.g., a formable hot melt adhesive based polymer or an expandable structural foam, examples of which include olefinic polymers, vinyl polymers, thermoplastic rubber-containing polymers, epoxies, urethanes or the like) wherein the foamable or expandable material can be snap-fit onto the chosen surface or substrate; placed into beads or pellets for placement along the chosen substrate or member by means of extrusion; placed along the substrate through the use of baffle technology; a die-cast application according to teachings that are well known in the art; pumpable application systems which could include the use of a baffle and bladder system; and sprayable applications.
Formation of the member of the present invention may include a variety of processing steps depending on the desired configuration of the member. In any event, it is generally contemplated that the carrier, the fastener and the expandable material may be manually attached to each other, automatically attached to each other or a combination thereof. Moreover, various processes such as molding (e.g., compression, injection or other molding), extrusion or the like may be used to form the carrier, the fastener or the expandable material individually and such processes may be employed to attach these components together.
As a first example of a member according to the present invention, reference is made to
The member 10 has an overall rectangular configuration, but may be formed in a variety of shapes. Generally, the member 10 includes a carrier 20 with an expandable material 22 disposed thereon. The member 10 also includes a pair of fasteners 24 attached to the carrier 20.
The carrier 20 may be formed in any of the shapes or configurations discussed herein and may be formed of any of the materials discussed herein. In the illustrated embodiment, the carrier 20 is generally rectangular and is formed of a polymeric film (e.g., a polyester film). The thickness (t) of the polymeric film shown is preferably below about 1 cm, more preferably below about 0.5 mm and even more preferably below about 0.3 mm, although thickness of the carrier 20 may vary widely for different shapes and applications. The carrier 20 in
Alternative films or layer materials which may be employed in the present invention are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,287,669 and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/923,138, filed Aug. 6, 2001, both of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
The expandable material 22 may be any of the expandable materials disclosed herein. In the illustrated embodiment, the expandable material 22 is a material that experiences relatively high levels of expansion upon exposures to temperatures of between about 148.89° C. to 204.44° C. (about 300° F. to 400° F.) (i.e., temperatures typically experienced in automotive painting or coating operations). Accordingly, the preferred expandable material 22 is configured to have a volumetric expansion of at least about 1500%, more preferably at least about 2000%, even more preferably at least about 2500% and still more preferably at least about 3000% its original or unexpanded volume. An example of such an expandable material with such expansion capabilities is disclosed in commonly owned copending U.S. Patent Application titled Expandable Material, attorney docket # 1001-141P1, filed on the same date as the present application and fully incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
The expandable material 22 is generally shaped in a rectangular or block configuration, but may be shaped as needed or desired depending upon the application of the member. In the embodiment shown, the expandable material 22 is disposed upon two opposing surfaces of the carrier 20 and substantially encloses an elongated edge of the carrier 20. Of course, it is contemplated that the material may be otherwise disposed upon the carrier 20 and may be applied to the carrier as a single piece (e.g., strip) or multiple pieces (e.g., strips).
The skilled artisan will be able to think of a variety of fasteners suitable for use in the member 10 of the present invention. Preferred examples have been disclosed herein, however, others may also be employed. The fasteners 24 of the member 10 shown are plastic and include a cap portion 30 and an elongated portion 32. As shown, the elongated portion 32 include a plurality of extensions 34 that are illustrated as conical, but which may be otherwise shaped as desired.
Attachment of the fasteners 24 to the carrier 20 may be accomplished according to any of the techniques described herein or by other techniques. For attachment to the carrier 20 of
Generally, formation of the member 10 includes shaping of the carrier 20 into a desired configuration, application of the expandable material 22 to the carrier 20 and optionally, depending upon the configuration, attachment of the fasteners 24 to the carrier 20, the expandable material 22 or both. It should be recognized that within this general approach, the member 10 illustrated may be formed using a variety of more specific techniques. For exemplary purposes, however, one preferred technique is described in detail. According to the preferred technique, material (i.e., film material) for the carrier 20 is provided as an elongated strip to an extrusion die in a continuous or non-continuous manner. At the same time, the expandable material 22 is being emitted from an extruder to the same extrusion die also in a continuous or non-continuous manner. As both the elongated strip and the expandable material are fed to and through the extrusion die (e.g., by coextrusion), the expandable material intimately contacts and adheres to the elongated strip with a sectional configuration as shown in
After extrusion, the strip and the expandable material are preferably cut at predetermined lengths, which correspond to a length of the member 10. Formation of the openings 36 in the carrier 20 or carrier material may be accomplished by cutting, punching or any other suitable technique. The openings 36 for the fasteners 24 may be formed in the carrier 20 or carrier material before or after the extrusion of the expandable material onto the strip of carrier material. Moreover, the fasteners 24 may be inserted into the openings 36 prior to or after extrusion. Depending, upon the order of steps, the member may be completely formed when the elongated strip and expandable material are cut at predetermined lengths or thereafter.
The carrier 20 is assembled to the structure 14 in
Once assembled to the structure 14, the expandable material 22 is exposed to heat, which is preferably, although not necessarily, provided during a coating or painting operation performed upon the automotive vehicle. In turn, the heat activates the expandable material 22 to expand (e.g., foam) such that the expandable material 22 contacts, wets and adheres to surfaces 42, 44, 46 of the structure 14 that define the cavity 12. Thus, a system is formed that includes the structure 14 defining the cavity 12 and including the expandable material 22 in an expanded condition thereby at least partially filling the cavity 12 for sealing, baffling, or reinforcing the structure 14. Preferably, the (e.g., the cross-section shown) expandable material 22 substantially entirely spans the entirety of one or more cross-section of the cavity 12 for sealing the cavity 12 such that no openings are available thereby prohibiting the passage of debris, water, sound, air or a combination thereof through the cavity 12.
As a second example of a member according to the present invention reference is now made to
The member 50 is shown as elongated, but may be shortened as desired or need. Generally, the member 50 includes a carrier 60 with an expandable material 62 disposed thereon. The member 50 also includes a fastener 64 attached to the carrier 60.
The carrier 60 may be formed in any of the shapes or configurations discussed herein and may be formed of any of the materials discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, the carrier 60 includes a base 70 that is substantially planar and generally rectangular. The carrier 60 also includes optional extensions 72 extending away from the base 70.
The skilled artisan will be able to think of a variety of fasteners suitable for use in the member 50 of
In the embodiment shown, there is only one fastener 64 that is generally coextensive with the base 70. However, it is contemplated that the fastener 64 may be intermittent and may, therefore, form multiple fasteners. Alternatively, one fastener may be employed that is not substantially coextensive with the base 70.
The expandable material 62 may be any of the expandable materials disclosed herein. In the illustrated embodiment, the expandable material 62 is a material that experiences relatively high levels of expansion upon exposures to temperatures of between about 148.89° C. to 204.44° C. (about 300° F. to 400° F.) (i.e., temperatures typically experienced in automotive painting or coating operations). Accordingly, the preferred expandable material 62 is configured to have a volumetric expansion of at least 1500%, more preferably at least 2000%, even more preferably at least 2500% and still more preferably at least 3000% its original or unexpanded volume.
The expandable material 62 is generally shaped in a cylindrical configuration, but may be shaped as needed or desired depending upon the application of the member. In the embodiment shown, the expandable material 62 is disposed upon the two opposing surfaces of the base 70 of the carrier 60 and substantially encloses an elongated edge of the carrier 60. Of course, it is contemplated that the material may be otherwise disposed upon the carrier 60.
Generally, the formation of the member 50 includes shaping of the carrier 60 the fastener 64 or both into a desired configuration and application of the expandable material 62 to the carrier 60. It should be recognized that within this general approach, the member 50 illustrated may be formed using a variety of more specific techniques. For exemplary purposes, however, one preferred technique is described in detail. Preferably, the fastener 64, the extensions 80, 82, of the fastener 64, the extensions 72 of the base 70, the base 70 or a combination thereof are integrally formed (e.g., extruded, molded or the like) of a single material.
According to the preferred technique, material (i.e., nylon) for the carrier 60 is provided to an extruder (e.g., a twin-screw extruder) and extruded through a first die to produce an extrudate with the sectional configuration of the carrier 60 as shown in
Generally, a variety of extruders may be employed to form the members, the materials, the carriers, the fasteners, a combination thereof or the like according to the present invention. According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the extruder employed is a single screw extruder, which may also be known a kneader, a continuous kneader or a co-kneader, but may be a multi-screw (e.g., twin screw extruder). When used, the single screw extruder preferably includes a single segmented screw with interrupted screw flights and stationary pins both located in an extruder barrel. In operation, the single screw extruder preferably performs a distributive type mixing upon whatever material is forming a desired component of the present invention. As an example, such mixing may be obtained by having the screw rotate and reciprocate back and forth at the same time such that the material is mixed due to forward pumping but the material is also divided each time it passes a pin for causing the distributive type mixing.
Advantageously, the single screw extruder, the distributive mixing or both can provide sufficient intermixing of material ingredients while imparting lower energy to the material thereby maintaining and applying the material at a lower temperature. In turn, more reactive or lower activation temperature blowing agents, blowing agent activators or both may be employed particularly for expandable materials. As an example, it is contemplated that such an extruder can maintain and can apply material at temperatures of less than about 150° C., more preferably less than about 120° C. and even more preferably less than about 70° C. As an added advantage, it is contemplated that such an extruder is less likely to tear reinforcement fillers such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, nylon fibers or aramid pulp thereby allowing the formation of a material with greater integrity.
After extrusion, the carrier extrudate and the expandable material are preferably cut at predetermined lengths, which correspond to a length of the member 50. At this juncture, the member 50 is substantially formed as shown in
Referring again to
Once assembled to the structure 54, the expandable material 62 is exposed to heat, which is preferably, although not necessarily, provided during a coating or painting operation performed upon the automotive vehicle. In turn, the heat activates the expandable material 62 to expand (e.g., foam) such that the expandable material 62 contacts, wets and adheres to surfaces 92 of the structure 54 that define the cavity 52. Thus, a system is formed that includes the structure 54 defining the cavity 52 and including the expandable material 62 in an expanded condition at least partially filling the cavity 52 for sealing, baffling, or reinforcing the structure 54. Preferably, the expandable material 62 substantially entirely spans one or more cross-sections (e.g., the cross-section shown is
In one alterative embodiment, it is contemplated that a member according to the present invention may include one or more extension for assisting in guiding the expansion of the expandable material. For example, in
Referring to
For forming the member 110, the expandable material 116 may be applied to the carrier 112, the fastener 114 according a variety of manual, semi-automated or fully automated techniques. For example, the expandable material 116 and the carrier 112, the fastener 114 or both may be coextruded or cross-head extruded according to one of the techniques described for the members describe above. For application of the member 110 to a structure 120 as shown in FIG.
10, the fastener 114 (i.e., the magnetic material) is expose to a surface (e.g., a metal surface) of the structure 120 to which the fastener is magnetically attracted. In turn, the fastener 114 secures the expandable material 116 in place (e.g., in a cavity 122) until it expands as described in relation to the other embodiments above.
In addition to the magnetic material, it is also contemplated, as discussed above, that a pressure-sensitive material (e.g., a tacky adhesive material, a two-way tape or the like) may be employed in place of the magnetic material as the fastener of the member. In such an embodiment, the pressure-sensitive material could be applied to the expandable material by any of the methods discussed herein (e.g., co-extrusion, manual or automatic methods or the like). Moreover, the pressure-sensitive material may be employed to secure (e.g., adhesively secure) the member to a structure is a manner similar to or the same as that used for the magnetic material.
As previously discussed, the fastener, the carrier and the expandable material may be formed in a variety of configurations according to the present invention. For exemplary purposes, several of those shapes and configurations are illustrated in
The carrier will typically be formed with a profile, which may be an extrusion profile (i.e., a profile dependent upon the die through which the carrier material is extruded) or a profile based upon the type of material used for the carrier and the manner in which the material is provided. Generally, it is contemplated that dimensions of the profile of the carrier can change (e.g., become thicker or thinner) at different cross-sections taken along a dimension (e.g., a length or other dimension substantially perpendicular to the profile) of the carrier, but typically the dimensions remain substantially uniform.
As respectively shown in
The expandable material, like the carrier, will also typically be formed with a profile, which may be an extrusion profile (i.e., a profile dependent upon the die through which the expandable is extruded) or a profile based upon the type of material used for the expandable material and the manner in which the expandable material is provided. Generally, it is contemplated that dimensions of the profile of the expandable material can change (e.g., become thicker or thinner) at different cross-sections taken along a dimension (e.g., a length or other dimension substantially perpendicular to the profile) of the expandable material, but typically the dimensions remain substantially uniform.
As respectively shown in
The fastener, particularly when used to form an interference fit, will typically include one or more protrusions or extensions, which may extend from a portion of the fastener, a portion of the carrier, a portion of the expandable material or a combination thereof for effecting the interference fit. As shown respectively in
In additional alternative embodiments, it is contemplated that the member of the present invention may include multiple separate masses of expandable material and the masses may be configured to volumetrically expand the same amount or different amounts relative to each other. As an example,
In another alternative embodiment shown in
In still another alternative embodiment shown in
It should be understood that the members 250, 280, 300, 320 of
Unless stated otherwise, dimensions and geometries of the various structures depicted herein are not intended to be restrictive of the invention, and other dimensions or geometries are possible. Plural structural components can be provided by a single integrated structure. Alternatively, a single integrated structure might be divided into separate plural components. In addition, while a feature of the present invention may have been described in the context of only one of the illustrated embodiments, such feature may be combined with one or more other features of other embodiments, for any given application. It will also be appreciated from the above that the fabrication of the unique structures herein and the operation thereof also constitute methods in accordance with the present invention.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed. A person of ordinary skill in the art would realize however, that certain modifications would come within the teachings of this invention. Therefore, the following claims should be studied to determine the true scope and content of the invention.
The present application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/482,896, filed Jun. 26, 2003, hereby incorporated by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60482896 | Jun 2003 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13088508 | Apr 2011 | US |
| Child | 14186370 | US | |
| Parent | 11767755 | Jun 2007 | US |
| Child | 13088508 | US | |
| Parent | 10873935 | Jun 2004 | US |
| Child | 11767755 | US |
