This application claims the priority of Chinese patent application CN202111248097.4, filed on Oct. 26, 2021, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization, a computer device, and a storage medium.
At present, the tomography inversion technology has been widely used in the velocity building in depth domain. The tomography inversion technology is ray-based algorithm, and involves subdividing a velocity model into a plurality of regular grids by grid generation and performing inversion on the velocity in each grid by using a ray tracing technology. Low wavenumber components of the velocity may be obtained by the tomography inversion, with adequate inversion precision for depicting a large-scale construction. With the gradual deepening of the exploration, the gradual increasing of exploration the depth and the gradual minification of the exploration target, tectonic characteristics of underground faults have become an important seismic exploration target. Conventional ray tomography no longer meets precision requirements for tectonic characteristics of the faults, and how to achieve high-precision velocity depiction of both sides of a fault is of great importance to high-precision imaging.
Based on this, with respect to the above technical problem, it is necessary to provide a method for fault control beam tomography regularization, an apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization, a computer device, and a storage medium.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for fault control beam tomography regularization. The method includes: acquiring a seismic imaging data volume; extracting a coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume; resampling data of the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid; obtaining an input ray density; calculating a fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density; and introducing the fault control beam tomography operator to a tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, to obtain a tomography inversion target function on which the regularization constraint has been performed.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization. The apparatus includes: a seismic imaging data volume acquiring module configured to acquire a seismic imaging data volume; a coherence attribute extracting module configured to extract a coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume; a resampling module configured to resample data of the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid; a ray density acquiring module configured to acquire an input ray density; a control beam tomography operator calculating module configured to calculate a fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density; and a regularizing module configured to introduce the fault control beam tomography operator to a tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, to obtain a tomography inversion target function on which the regularization constraint has been performed.
In still another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer device including a memory on which a computer program is stored and a processor, and the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the above method for fault control beam tomography regularization.
In further another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the above method for fault control beam tomography regularization is implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.
In order to make objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure is further described below in detail with reference to accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that, specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present disclosure, rather than limiting the present disclosure.
In the present embodiment, as shown in
At step 110, a seismic imaging data volume is acquired.
At step 120, a coherence attribute is extracted from the seismic imaging data volume.
In an embodiment, the step of the extracting the coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume includes: extracting a coherence attribute C(m, n, l) from the seismic imaging data volume.
At step 130, data of the coherence attribute is resampled to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid.
In an embodiment, in the step of the resampling the coherence attribute to obtain the resampling coherence attribute corresponding to the tomography grid, a calculation formula for resampling is represented as:
C
tomo(
In the present embodiment, a resampling calculation is performed with an average resampling operator. For example, if the resampling is performed in three dimensions at (m, n, l) with an interval of 1 to form a tomography grid (
At step 140, an input ray density is obtained by ray tracing.
In the present embodiment, after the resampling coherence attribute is obtained, it is required to obtain an input ray density Gtomo(
At step 150, a fault control beam tomography operator is calculated according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density.
In an embodiment, the step of the calculating the fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density includes: calculating the fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density Gtomo(
At step 160, the fault control beam tomography operator is introduced to a tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, to obtain a tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added.
In the present embodiment, by introducing an operator F to a tomography inversion matrix, a control beam tomography velocity modeling technology directed to a fault can be implemented.
In an embodiment, in the step of the introducing the fault control beam tomography operator to the tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, a preconditioned regularization operator is used:
LFu=Δτ (4),
In an embodiment, after the step of the obtaining the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added, the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added is solved to obtain a velocity around a fault. The method for fault control beam tomography regularization in the present disclosure adopts a strategy of solving by offset iteration, and a fault velocity obtained by solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added may be used to acquire a seismic imaging data volume in a next cycle of tomography inversion.
In the present embodiment, a high-precision velocity model directed to the fault may be obtained by solving the formula (4), and the velocity modeling precision of both sides of the fault can be improved evidently.
In an embodiment, the step of the solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added to obtain the velocity around the fault includes: solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added by using a preconditioned conjugate gradient method to obtain the velocity around the fault.
In the present embodiment, a calculation formula for the preconditioned conjugate gradient method is as follows:
F
T
L
T
LFu=FLΔτ (5).
In the above embodiments, by using the operator to control a ray beam direction for keeping away from an anomalous body so as to avoid scattering that cannot be simulated, a path of ray tracing can be ensured to be accurate; and meanwhile by performing data-driven monitoring on an abnormal ray beam path so as to further eliminate a multi-path (error-path) ray beam caused by a velocity abnormity, tomography stability and precision can be improved.
The present disclosure involves in technology research and develop against a fault velocity modeling difficulty. The method adopted includes: guiding and adjusting a ray beam distribution by a coherence attribute, so as to form a control beam tomography regularization operator which is introduced to a target function. Effects of the regularization operator mainly lie in the following two aspects: by using the operator to control a ray beam direction for keeping away from an anomalous body, so as to avoid scattering that cannot be simulated and enable an accurate path of ray tracing; and meanwhile, by performing data-driven monitoring on an abnormal ray path, so as to further eliminate a multi-path (error-path) ray beam caused by a velocity abnormity and improve tomography stability and precision.
The method for fault control beam tomography regularization in the present disclosure is established on the basis of an offset velocity modeling process, and uses a strategy of solving by offset iteration, and each cycle of updating is performed by using a result of a previous cycle as data input. First, a coherence attribute is extracted from a seismic imaging data volume corresponding to a velocity in the previous cycle during the offset velocity modeling, and the data of the coherence attribute is resampled. A specific calculation formula for the resampling is as follows:
C
tomo(
LFu=Δτ (4),
F
T
L
T
LFu=FLΔτ (5).
In an embodiment, after the step of the obtaining the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added, the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added is solved to obtain a velocity around a fault. The method for fault control beam tomography regularization in the present disclosure adopts a strategy of solving by offset iteration, and a fault velocity obtained by solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added may be used to acquire a seismic imaging data volume in a next cycle of tomography inversion.
The present disclosure involves technology research and develop against a modeling difficulty of the velocity around a fault. The method adopted includes: guiding and adjusting a ray beam distribution by a coherence attribute, so as to form a control beam tomography regularization operator which is introduced to a target function. Effects of the regularization operator mainly lie in the following two aspects: by using the operator to control a ray beam direction for keeping away from an anomalous body, so as to avoid scattering that cannot be simulated and enable an accurate path of ray tracing; and meanwhile, by performing data-driven monitoring on an abnormal ray beam path so as to further eliminate a multi-path (error-path) ray beam caused by a velocity abnormity and improve tomography stability and precision. Specific steps of the method include as follows: 1) extracting a coherence attribute C(m, n, l) from a seismic imaging data volume; 2) resampling the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute Ctomo(
In order to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the method and show that the method brings out higher precision, explanations are made by actual data testing.
It should be understood that, although respective steps in the flowchart of
In the present embodiment, as shown in
The seismic imaging data volume acquiring module 210 is configured to acquire a seismic imaging data volume. The coherence attribute extracting module 220 is configured to extract a coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume. The resampling module 230 is configured to resample the data of the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid. The ray density acquiring module 240 is configured to acquire an input ray density. The control beam tomography operator calculating module 250 is configured to calculate a fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density. The regularizing module 260 is configured to introduce the fault control beam tomography operator to a tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, to obtain a tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added.
In an embodiment, the seismic imaging data volume acquiring module includes an imaging result acquiring unit and a coherence attribute extracting unit. The imaging result acquiring unit is configured to acquire an input seismic imaging data volume. The coherence attribute extracting unit is configured to extract the coherence attribute from the input seismic imaging data volume.
In an embodiment, the resampling module is configured to resample the data of the coherence attribute to obtain the resampling coherence attribute corresponding to the tomography grid. A calculation formula of the resampling is as follows:
C
tomo(
In an embodiment, the ray density acquiring module is configured to acquire an input ray density Gtomo(
In an embodiment, the control beam tomography operator calculating module is configured to calculate a fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density Gtomo(
In an embodiment, the regularizing module is configured to introduce the fault control beam tomography operator to the tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, and a preconditioned regularization operator is used for introducing the fault control beam tomography operator to the tomography inversion target function by a calculation formula:
LFu=Δτ (4),
In an embodiment, the apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization further includes a function solving module configured to solve a tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added, to obtain a velocity around the fault. The apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization in the present disclosure adopts a strategy of solving by offset iteration, and a fault velocity obtained by the function solving module may be used to acquire the seismic imaging data volume in a next cycle of tomography inversion.
In an embodiment, the function solving module is further configured to solve the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added by using a preconditioned conjugate gradient method to obtain the velocity around the fault.
Specific limitations on the apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization may be referred to the limitations on the method for fault control beam tomography regularization above, and details thereof are not further described herein. All or part of respective units in the above apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination thereof. The above respective units may be implemented in the form of hardware embedded in or independent from the processor of the computer device, and may alternatively be implemented in the form of software stored in the memory of the computer device, so as to facilitate invoking and executing, by the processor, operations corresponding to the above respective units.
In the present embodiment, a computer device is provided. An internal structure of the computer device is shown in
Those skilled in the art may understand that, the structure shown in
In an embodiment, a computer device is provided, which includes a memory storing a computer program and a processor. The processor, when executing the computer program, implements the following steps: acquiring a seismic imaging data volume; extracting a coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume; resampling data of the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid; obtaining an input ray density by ray tracing; calculating a fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density; introducing the fault control beam tomography operator to a tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, to obtain a tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added.
In an embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the following steps: acquiring the seismic imaging data volume; and extracting the coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume.
In an embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the step of the resampling the data of the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid, by a calculation formula of resampling:
C
tomo(
In an embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the following step: calculating a fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the input ray density Gtomo(
In an embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the step of introducing the fault control beam tomography operator to the tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, and a preconditioned regularization operator is used to introduce the fault control beam tomography operator to the tomography inversion target function by a calculation formula:
LFu=Δτ (4),
In an embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the step of solving a tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added, to obtain a velocity around the fault. The processor adopts a strategy of solving by offset iteration, and a fault velocity obtained by solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added may be used to acquire a seismic imaging data volume in a next cycle of tomography inversion.
In an embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the step of solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added by using a preconditioned conjugate gradient method to obtain the velocity around the fault.
In the present embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented: acquiring a seismic imaging data volume; extracting a coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume; resampling data of the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid; obtaining an input ray density by ray tracing; calculating a fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the ray density; introducing the fault control beam tomography operator to a tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, to obtain a tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added.
In an embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following step is further implemented: acquiring the seismic imaging data volume; and extracting the coherence attribute from the seismic imaging data volume.
In an embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following step is further implemented: resampling the data of the coherence attribute to obtain a resampling coherence attribute corresponding to a tomography grid by a calculation formula of resampling:
C
tomo(
In an embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following step is further implemented: calculating the fault control beam tomography operator according to the resampling coherence attribute and the ray density Gtomo(
In an embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following step is further implemented: introducing the fault control beam tomography operator to the tomography inversion target function for regularization constraint, and a preconditioned regularization operator is uses to introduce the fault control beam tomography operator to the tomography inversion target function by a calculation formula:
LFu=Δτ,
In an embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following step is further implemented: solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added, to obtain a velocity around the fault. The processor adopts a strategy of solving by offset iteration, and a fault velocity obtained by solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added may be used to acquire the seismic imaging data volume in a next cycle of tomography inversion.
In an embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following step is further implemented: solving the tomography inversion target function into which the regularization constraint has been added by using a preconditioned conjugate gradient method to obtain the velocity around the fault.
By the above method for fault control beam tomography regularization, the apparatus for fault control beam tomography regularization, the computer device, and the storage medium, the fault control beam tomography operator is used to control a ray beam direction for keeping away from an anomalous body, so as to avoid scattering that cannot be simulated, a path of ray tracing can be ensured to be accurate; and meanwhile by performing data-driven monitoring on an abnormal ray beam path so as to further eliminate a multi-path (error-path) ray beam caused by a velocity abnormity, tomography stability and precision can be improved.
A person of ordinary skills may understand that all or part of the process in the above method embodiments may be completed by using the computer program to instruct relevant hardware. The computer program may be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed, the process of the above method embodiments may be included. Any memory, storage, database, or other medium referred in respective embodiments provided in the present disclosure may include a non-volatile memory and/or a volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may include a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an electrically programmable read-only-memory (EPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may include a random access memory (RAM) or an external cache memory. As illustration rather than limitation, the RAM may be available in various forms, such as a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronization link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), rambus dynamic random access memory (RDRAM), direct rambus dynamic random access memory (DRDRAM), and rambus dynamic random access memory (RDRAM) and the like.
Respective technical features in the above embodiments may be combined in any manner. For brevity of description, not all possible combinations of respective technical features in the above embodiments are described, but these combinations of features shall all fall into the scope of recitation of the description as long as there is no conflict.
The above embodiments are only several embodiments of the present embodiments and are described specifically and in detail, but cannot be understood as limitation on the scope of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, for a person of ordinary skills in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing the concept of the present disclosure, and these variations and improvements all fall into the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be confined by the appended claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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202111248097.4 | Oct 2021 | CN | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/CN2022/127620 | 10/26/2022 | WO |