The present disclosure relates generally to an implantable orthopaedic prosthesis, and more particularly to an implantable knee prosthesis.
During the lifetime of a patient, it may be necessary to perform a joint replacement procedure on the patient as a result of, for example, disease or trauma. The joint replacement procedure may involve the use of a prosthesis which is implanted into one or more of the patient's bones. In the case of a knee replacement procedure, a tibial tray is implanted into the patient's tibia. A bearing is secured to the tibial tray. The condyle surfaces of a replacement femoral component bear against the tibial bearing.
During implantation of the femoral component, the surgeon typically preloads bone cement on the bone-contacting surfaces of the component. The preloaded bone cement has a tendency to escape the femoral component as it is positioned on the surgically-prepared distal femur. Advancement of the femoral component through escaped bone cement is referred to as “cement plowing”. Both the escaped bone cement and the associated cement plowing lead to the performance of additional surgical steps to remove the extraneous bone cement prior to completion of the surgical procedure.
According to one aspect, an implantable orthopaedic knee prosthesis includes a femoral component that is configured to be coupled to a surgically-prepared distal femur. The femoral component has an articular side that includes a posterior femoral condyle surface. A fixation side is opposite the articular side, and it includes a posterior fixation surface that extends generally in the superior/inferior direction. The posterior fixation surface has a posterior cement pocket formed therein that is deeper at its inferior end than at its superior end.
The fixation side of the femoral component may also include a distal fixation surface that extends generally in the anterior/posterior direction and a posterior-chamfer fixation surface that extends superiorly and posteriorly from the distal fixation surface in the direction toward the posterior fixation surface. The posterior-chamfer surface may have a posterior-chamfer cement pocket formed therein that is contiguous with the posterior cement pocket. Similarly, the distal fixation surface may have a distal cement pocket formed therein that is contiguous with the posterior-chamfer cement pocket.
The posterior cement pocket may be deeper at its inferior end than both the posterior-chamfer cement pocket and the distal cement pocket.
The fixation side of the femoral component may also include an anterior fixation surface that extends generally in the superior/inferior direction, and an anterior-chamfer fixation surface that extends superiorly and anteriorly from the distal fixation surface in the direction toward the anterior fixation surface. The anterior-chamfer surface may have an anterior-chamfer cement pocket formed therein that is contiguous with the distal cement pocket. The anterior fixation surface may include an anterior cement pocket formed therein that is contiguous with the anterior-chamfer cement pocket.
In an embodiment, the posterior cement pocket is deeper at its inferior end than both the anterior-chamfer cement pocket and the anterior cement pocket.
In an embodiment, the posterior fixation surface includes a mounting rim having a sidewall extending posteriorly therefrom. The sidewall defines the perimeter of the posterior cement pocket. When viewed sagittally, an inferior end of the sidewall is wider than a superior end of the sidewall.
According to another aspect, an implantable orthopaedic knee prosthesis includes a femoral component configured to be coupled to a surgically-prepared distal femur. The femoral component may include an articular side having a posterior femoral condyle surface, and a fixation side that is opposite the articular side. The fixation side may include a posterior fixation surface that extends generally in the superior/inferior direction. The posterior fixation surface may include a peripheral rim, a bottom wall spaced apart posteriorly from the peripheral rim, and a sidewall extending posteriorly from the posterior rim to the bottom wall. When viewed sagittally, an imaginary plane defined by the peripheral rim forms an acute angle with an imaginary plane defined by the bottom wall.
When viewed sagittally, an inferior end of the sidewall may be wider than a superior end of the sidewall.
In an embodiment, the sidewall and the bottom wall collectively define a cement pocket.
The articular side may include a posterior lateral femoral condyle surface. The articular side may also include a posterior medial femoral condyle surface.
According to another aspect, an implantable orthopaedic knee prosthesis includes a tibial tray configured to be coupled to a surgically-prepared proximal tibia and a bearing coupled to the tibial tray. The bearing includes a medial articular surface and a lateral articular surface. The knee prosthesis may also include a femoral component configured to be coupled to a surgically-prepared distal femur. The femoral component may include a lateral condyle surface configured to articulate with the lateral articular surface of the bearing and a medial condyle configured to articulate with the medial articular surface of the bearing. The femoral component may also include a posterior lateral fixation surface opposite the lateral condyle surface, with the posterior lateral fixation surface extending in the superior/inferior direction. The femoral component also includes a posterior medial fixation surface opposite the medial condyle surface, with the posterior medial fixation surface extending in the superior/inferior direction. Both the posterior medial fixation surface and the posterior lateral fixation surface may include a peripheral rim, a bottom wall spaced apart posteriorly from the peripheral rim, and a sidewall extending posteriorly from the posterior rim to the bottom wall. When viewed sagittally, an imaginary plane defined by the peripheral rim forms an acute angle with an imaginary plane defined by the bottom wall.
When viewed sagittally, an inferior end of the sidewall of the posterior medial fixation surface is wider than its superior end.
When viewed sagittally, an inferior end of the sidewall of the posterior lateral fixation surface is wider than its superior end.
The sidewall and the bottom wall of the posterior medial fixation surface collectively define a cement pocket.
The sidewall and the bottom wall of the posterior lateral fixation surface collectively also define a cement pocket.
According to another aspect, an implantable orthopaedic knee prosthesis includes a femoral component configured to be coupled to a surgically-prepared distal femur. The femoral component has an articular side that includes a femoral condyle surface and a fixation side that is opposite the articular side. The fixation side includes a fixation surface that extends generally in the superior/inferior direction. The fixation surface has a cement pocket formed therein that is deeper at its inferior end than at its superior end.
The fixation surface may include a mounting rim that has a sidewall extending therefrom. The sidewall defines the perimeter of the cement pocket. When viewed sagittally, the inferior end of the sidewall is wider than the superior end of the sidewall.
When viewed sagittally, an imaginary plane defined by the peripheral rim forms an acute angle with an imaginary plane defined by the bottom wall.
The fixation surface may include a posterior fixation surface having a posterior cement pocket formed therein. In such an arrangement, the bottom wall is spaced apart posteriorly from the peripheral rim, and the sidewall extends posteriorly from the posterior rim to the bottom wall.
The fixation surface may include an anterior fixation surface having an anterior cement pocket formed therein. In such an arrangement, the bottom wall is spaced apart anteriorly from the peripheral rim, and the sidewall extends anteriorly from the anterior rim to the bottom wall.
The femoral component may be embodied as a unicompartmental femoral component.
The detailed description particularly refers to the following figures, in which:
While the concepts of the present disclosure are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific exemplary embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intent to limit the concepts of the present disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Terms representing anatomical references, such as anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, superior, inferior, etcetera, may be used throughout this disclosure in reference to both the orthopaedic implants described herein and a patient's natural anatomy. Such terms have well-understood meanings in both the study of anatomy and the field of orthopaedics. Use of such anatomical reference terms in the specification and claims is intended to be consistent with their well-understood meanings unless noted otherwise.
Referring now to
The tibial tray 14 includes a platform 18 having a fixation member, such as an elongated stem 20, extending away from its lower surface. The bearing 16 includes a stem 22 (see
The bearing 16 includes a lateral articular surface 26 and a medial articular surface 28. The articular surfaces 26, 28 are configured to articulate with a lateral condyle surface 30 and a medial condyle surface 32, respectively, of the femoral component 12. Specifically, the femoral component 12 is configured to emulate the configuration of the patient's natural femoral condyles, and, as such, the lateral condyle surface 30 and the medial condyle surface 32 are configured (e.g., curved) in a manner which mimics the condyles of the natural femur. The lateral condyle surface 30 and the medial condyle surface 32 are spaced apart from one another thereby defining an intercondylar notch therebetween.
The components of the knee prosthesis 10 that engage the natural bone, such as the femoral component 12 and the tibial tray 14, may be constructed with a biocompatible metal, such as a cobalt chrome alloy, although other materials, such as ceramics, may also be used. The bone engaging surfaces of these components may be textured to facilitate cementing the component to the bone. Such surfaces may also be porous coated to promote bone ingrowth for permanent fixation.
The bearing 16 may be constructed with a material that allows for smooth articulation between the bearing 16 and the femoral component 12, such as a polymeric material. One such polymeric material is polyethylene such as ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), although other biocompatible polymers may be used.
Although the femoral component 12 is herein illustratively described as a monolithic component, it is characterized by a number of “regions” or “structures”. For example, the anterior structure of the femoral component 12 is referred to as an anterior flange 34. The anterior flange 34 transitions to an anterior chamfer region 36, which, in turn, transitions to a distal condylar region 38. The distal condylar region 38 transitions to a posterior chamfer region 40. A pair of posterior femoral condyles 42 form the posterior structure of the femoral component 12.
As shown in
Each of the fixation surfaces has a cement pocket formed therein. In particular, a posterior cement pocket 70 is formed in each of the posterior fixation surfaces 50, a posterior-chamfer cement pocket 72 is formed in each of the posterior-chamfer fixation surfaces 54, a distal cement pocket 74 is formed in each of the distal fixation surfaces 58, an anterior-chamfer cement pocket 76 is formed in each of the anterior-chamfer fixation surfaces 62, and an anterior cement pocket 78 is formed in the anterior fixation surface 66. In the illustrative embodiment described herein, the adjacent cement pockets are contiguous with one another such that a single, continuous cement pocket is formed in the fixation side 48 of the femoral component.
Each of the cement pockets 70, 72, 74, 76, 78 is formed by a sidewall 80 that extends away from a mounting rim 82. As can be seen in
The depth (D1) of each of the posterior-chamfer cement pocket 72, the distal cement pocket 74, the anterior-chamfer cement pocket 76, and the anterior cement pocket 78 is approximately equal. In the illustrative embodiment described herein, each of the cement pockets 72, 74, 76, and 78 is approximately 1 mm deep (i.e., D1=1 mm).
The posterior cement pocket 70, on the other hand, is angled and, as a result, is deeper at its inferior end than on its superior end. In particular, as shown in
Such an arrangement creates an angled bottom wall 84′. In particular, the bottom wall 84′ slopes anteriorly from its inferior end 86 to its superior end 88. This sloped arrangement is illustratively shown in the cross sectional view of
During a surgical procedure to implant the femoral component 12 to the surgically-prepared distal end of the patient's femur, the cement pockets 70, 72, 74, 76, 78 are preloaded with bone cement. The femoral component 12 is then positioned on the patient's surgically-prepared distal femur, which has also been coated in bone cement. The angled arrangement of posterior cement pocket 70 hydraulically loads the bone cement within the cement pocket. This enhances containment of the bone cement and reduces the occurrences of cement plowing. The arrangement of the posterior cement pocket 70 also improves filling of the bone cement and pressurization which, in turn, leads to enhanced bonding of the femoral component 12 to the distal femur.
Referring now to
Such an arrangement creates an angled bottom wall 84″. In particular, the bottom wall 84″ of the anterior cement pocket 78 slopes posteriorly from its inferior end 106 to its superior end 108. This sloped arrangement is illustratively shown in
During a surgical procedure to implant the femoral component 12 of
It should be appreciated that although the embodiment of
Referring now to
While the disclosure has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such an illustration and description is to be considered as exemplary and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only illustrative embodiments have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the disclosure are desired to be protected.
There are a plurality of advantages of the present disclosure arising from the various features of the apparatus, system, and method described herein. It will be noted that alternative embodiments of the apparatus, system, and method of the present disclosure may not include all of the features described yet still benefit from at least some of the advantages of such features. Those of ordinary skill in the art may readily devise their own implementations of the apparatus, system, and method that incorporate one or more of the features of the present invention and fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
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