Patent Grant
10629977
This application is a National Stage Entry of PCT/JP2017/001148 filed on Jan. 16, 2017, which claims priority from Japanese Patent Application 2016-007911 filed on Jan. 19, 2016, the contents of all of which are incorporated herein by reference, in their entirety.
The present invention relates to a filter circuit and a frequency switching method.
Recently, with a rapid increase in mobile traffic, frequency bands used in a mobile network are increasing. Therefore, for a filter circuit mounted on a communication device, a function of selecting and suppressing a plurality of signals having frequencies different from each other is demanded. Further, in order to improve interference resistance performance, various types of circuits such as a low noise amplifier (LNA) desirably have a differential configuration, and a balun (balanced-to-unbalanced transformation) circuit may be disposed in a subsequent stage of a bandpass filter. It is known that a bandpass filter circuit and a balun circuit may be configured as a balun bandpass filter circuit including functions of both circuits, and similarly to a filter circuit, the balun bandpass filter circuit also needs to respond to a plurality of frequency bands.
As a balun bandpass filter circuit that responds to a plurality of frequency bands, a balun bandpass filter circuit in which a transmission line such as a micro-strip line is configured on a planar circuit is known. PTL 1 and NPL 1, for example, describe a balun bandpass filter circuit including a split-ring resonator and describe that a resonance frequency may be changed by a variable capacitance loaded on the split-ring resonator. Further, NPL 1 discloses a dual-band balun bandpass filter circuit, having two frequencies as a passband, including a micro-strip coupling line.
PTL 1, NPL 1, and NPL 2 describe a technique relating to a filter circuit as a related technique.
However, in the balun bandpass filter circuit described in PTL 1 and NPL 1, a variable range of a central frequency of a bandpass band is restricted by a capacity value of a loaded variable capacitance, and therefore it is difficult to largely change a frequency.
Further, in the case of a dual-band balun bandpass filter circuit described in NPL 2, signals of a plurality of frequency bands are caused to pass at the same time, and therefore an unnecessary wave included in a band outside is also caused to pass in addition to a desired signal, resulting in degradation of interference resistance performance.
An object of the present invention is to provide a filter circuit and a frequency switching method that solve the above-described problems.
The present invention is intended to provide a filter circuit capable of solving the above-described problems.
In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention relates to a filter circuit including: a first transmission line that has an electrical length that is one sixth of a first wavelength corresponding to a first frequency; a second transmission line that has an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength and is disposed to be opposed to the first transmission line separately from each other; an input terminal connected to a first end of two ends in a direction to which current in the first transmission line flows; a third transmission line that has an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength; a fourth transmission line that has an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength and is disposed to be opposed to the third transmission line separately from each other; a first output terminal connected to a first end of two ends in a direction to which current in the fourth transmission line flows; a second output terminal connected to a second end of two ends in a direction to which current in the fourth transmission line flows; a first open end that has a predetermined electrical length and includes a first end connected to a first end of the second transmission line opposed to a second end of two ends in a direction to which current in the first transmission line flows, and a second end that is open; a second open end that has a predetermined electrical length and includes a first end connected to a first end of the third transmission line opposed to a second end of two ends in a direction to which current in the fourth transmission line flows, and a second end that is open; a fifth transmission line that includes a first end connected to a second end of the second transmission line; a sixth transmission line that includes a first end connected to a second end of the third transmission line and is disposed in such a way that at least a part of the sixth transmission line is separately opposed to at least a part of the fifth transmission line; a first switch that is disposed between a second terminal of the fifth transmission line and a ground and causes the second terminal of the fifth transmission line and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state; and a second switch that is disposed between a second terminal of the sixth transmission line and the ground and causes the second terminal of the sixth transmission line and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state, wherein an electrical length of a transmission line that includes the first open end, the second transmission line, and the fifth transmission line is three quarters of a second wavelength corresponding to a second frequency that is higher than the first frequency, and an electrical length of a transmission line that includes the second open end, the third transmission line, and the sixth transmission line is three quarters of the second wavelength.
Further, the present invention relates to a frequency switching method including: a step of opening a first switch and a second switch in the filter circuit; and a step of short-circuiting the first switch and the second switch.
According to the present invention, with a simple configuration, radio wave interference can be avoided and a frequency band can be efficiently used.
A filter circuit according to a first example embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The filter circuit according to the first example embodiment of the present invention is a filter circuit having a minimum configuration in the present invention.
A filter circuit 10 according to the first example embodiment of the present invention includes, as illustrated in
An electrical length of each of the first transmission line 101 and the second transmission line 102 is one sixth of a first wavelength λ1. The electrical length is an electrical length normalized by a wavelength of a signal flowing inside a transmission line. In a case where, for example, an electrical length of a given transmission line is one quarter of a wavelength, when an amplitude of a signal of a wavelength is maximum at a first end of the transmission line, an amplitude of the signal is minimum at a second end. In this case, a physical length of the transmission line is not necessarily one quarter of the wavelength. The first wavelength λ1 is a wavelength of a first signal and is a wavelength corresponding to a first frequency f1. The first transmission line 101 and the second transmission line 102 are disposed to be opposed separately from each other, as illustrated in
The input terminal 110a is connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the first transmission line 101 flows.
An electrical length of each of the third transmission line 103 and the fourth transmission line 104 is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1. The third transmission line 103 and the fourth transmission line 104 are disposed to be opposed separately from each other.
The first output terminal 110b is connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows.
The second output terminal 110c is connected to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows.
An electrical length of the first open end 107 is a predetermined electrical length.
A first end of the first open end 107 is connected to a first end of the second transmission line 102 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the first transmission line 101 flows.
A second end of the first open end 107 is open.
An electrical length of the second open end 108 is a predetermined electrical length.
A first end of the second open end 108 is connected to a first end of the third transmission line 103 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows.
A second end of the second open end 108 is open.
A first end of the fifth transmission line 105 is connected to a second end of the second transmission line 102.
A first end of the sixth transmission line 106 is connected to a second end of the third transmission line 103.
At least a part of the sixth transmission line 106 is separately opposed to at least a part of the fifth transmission line 105.
The first switch 120a is disposed between a second terminal of the fifth transmission line 105 and a ground. The first switch 120a causes the second terminal of the fifth transmission line 105 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state.
The second switch 120b is disposed between a second terminal of the sixth transmission line 106 and a ground. The second switch 120b causes the second terminal of the sixth transmission line 106 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state.
An electrical length of a transmission line including the first open end 107, the second transmission line 102, and the fifth transmission line 105 is three quarters of a second wavelength λ2. The second wavelength λ2 is a wavelength of a second signal and is a wavelength corresponding to a second frequency f2. The second frequency f2 that is a frequency of the second signal is higher than the first frequency f1 that is a frequency of the first signal.
An electrical length of a transmission line including the second open end 108, the third transmission line 103, and the sixth transmission line 106 is three quarters of the second wavelength λ2.
The filter circuit 10 opens/closes the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b and thereby may cause a central frequency of a passband to be the first frequency f1 or the second frequency f2.
Processing of the filter circuit 10 according to the first example embodiment of the present invention is described above. The above-described filter circuit 10 includes a first transmission line 101 having an electrical length that is one sixth of a first wavelength λ1 corresponding to a first frequency f1. The filter circuit 10 includes a second transmission line 102 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1 and being disposed to be opposed to the first transmission line 101 separately from each other. The filter circuit 10 includes an input terminal 110a connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the first transmission line 101 flows.
The first circuit 10 includes a third transmission line 103 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1. The filter circuit 10 includes a fourth transmission line 104 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1 and being disposed to be opposed to the third transmission line 103 separately from each other.
The filter circuit 10 includes a first output terminal 110b connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows. The filter circuit 10 includes a second output terminal 110c connected to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows.
The filter circuit 10 includes a first open end 107 having a predetermined electrical length and including a first end connected to a first end of the second transmission line 102 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the first transmission line 101 flows and a second end that is open. The filter circuit 10 includes a second open end 108 having a predetermined electrical length and including a first end connected to a first end of the third transmission line 103 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows and a second end that is open.
The filter circuit 10 includes a fifth transmission line 105 including a first end connected to a second end of the second transmission line 102. The filter circuit 10 includes a sixth transmission line 106 including a first end connected to a second end of the third transmission line 103 and being disposed in such a way that at least a part of the sixth transmission line 106 is separately opposed to at least a part of the fifth transmission line 105.
The filter circuit 10 includes a first switch 120a being disposed between a second terminal of the fifth transmission line 105 and a ground and causing the second terminal of the fifth transmission line 105 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state. The filter circuit 10 includes a second switch 120b being disposed between a second terminal of the sixth transmission line 106 and a ground and causing the second terminal of the sixth transmission line 106 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state.
An electrical length of a transmission line including the first open end 107, the second transmission line 102, and the fifth transmission line 105 is one half of a second wavelength λ2 corresponding to a second frequency f2 that is higher than the first frequency f1. An electrical length of a transmission line including the second open end 108, the third transmission line 103, and the sixth transmission line 106 is three quarters of the second wavelength λ2.
By doing in such a manner, the filter circuit 10 can avoid radio wave interference by causing only a signal of a desired frequency to pass through a simple configuration and can efficiently use a frequency band by causing signals of largely different frequencies to pass.
A filter circuit 10 according to a second example embodiment of the present invention is described.
The filter circuit 10 according to the second example embodiment of the present invention includes, as illustrated in
The first main transmission line 130a includes a first sub-coupling unit 131 and a first main coupling unit 105. The first main coupling unit 105 includes a first connection unit 105a and a first coupling unit 105b.
The first sub-coupling unit 131 is one example of the second transmission line 102 and the first open end 107 according to the first example embodiment.
The first connection unit 105a and the first coupling unit 105b are one example of the fifth transmission line 105 according to the first example embodiment.
The second main transmission line 130b includes a second sub-coupling unit 132 and a second main coupling unit 106. The second main coupling unit 106 includes a second connection unit 106a and a second coupling unit 106b.
The second sub-coupling unit 132 is one example of the third transmission line 103 and the second open end 108 according to the first example embodiment.
The second connection unit 106a and the second coupling unit 106b are one example of the sixth transmission line 106 according to the first example embodiment.
The first sub-transmission line 101 is one example of the first transmission line 101 according to the first example embodiment.
The second sub-transmission line 104 is one example of the fourth transmission line 104 according to the first example embodiment.
The filter circuit 10 according to the second example embodiment may selectively cause an intermediate frequency of a passband to be a first frequency f1 or a second frequency f2.
The second frequency f2 in the second example embodiment is 1.5 times of the first frequency f1.
Hereinafter, a frequency that is “n times of a frequency f” is not limited to a frequency that is exactly n times of a frequency f. A frequency that is “n times of a frequency f” may include a frequency near a frequency that is exactly n times of a frequency f.
The filter circuit 10 includes a transmission line such as a micro-strip line and the like. The filter circuit 10 is realized by forming, using a conductive foil, a transmission line on a surface of a dielectric substrate having a back face formed with a conductive foil.
Specifically, each of the first main transmission line 130a, the second main transmission line 130b, the first sub-transmission line 101, and the second sub-transmission line 104 is formed on a surface of a dielectric substrate. Each of the first main transmission line 130a, the second main transmission line 130b, the first sub-transmission line 101, and the second sub-transmission line 104 is a transmission line extending in a Y-axis direction. Further, when XY axes are set on a surface of a dielectric substrate, the first main transmission line 130a, the second main transmission line 130b, the first sub-transmission line 101, and the second sub-transmission line 104 are disposed side by side in an X-axis direction orthogonal to the Y axis.
Current flows in a longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of each of the first main transmission line 130a, the second main transmission line 130b, the first sub-transmission line 101, and the second sub-transmission line 104.
An electrical length of each of the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b is an electrical length that is one half of a first wavelength λ1. A second frequency f2 in the second example embodiment is 1.5 times of a first frequency f1. Therefore, an electrical length of each of the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b is three quarters of a second wavelength λ2.
An electrical length of each of the first sub-transmission line 101 and the second sub-transmission line 104 is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1. A second frequency f2 in the second example embodiment is 1.5 times of a first frequency f1. Therefore, an electrical length of each of the first sub-transmission line 101 and the second sub-transmission line 104 is one quarter of the second wavelength λ2.
An electrical length of “m times of a wavelength λ,” is not limited to an electrical length that is exactly m times of a wavelength λ. An electrical length that is “m times of a wavelength λ,” may be an electrical length that is shorter or longer than an electrical length that is exactly m times of a wavelength λ, and may include an electrical length excited to a signal of the wavelength λ.
A case where, for example, a first frequency f1 is 1.6 GHz, a relative permittivity εr of a dielectric substrate is 3.5, and a thickness of the substrate is 0.76 millimeters is considered. When a characteristic impedance is assumed to be 50 ohms, an electrical length of one quarter of a wavelength λ1 corresponding to the first frequency f1 may include an electrical length in a vicinity of 28 millimeters such as 27 millimeters, 29 millimeters and the like, in addition to 28 millimeters.
An electrical length may be calculated using an empirical equation such as the following equations (1) to (3) described in, for example, “Yoshihiro Konishi, “Practical Microwaves Technical Courses: Theory and Practice, Volume 1”.
Herein, W0 is a width of a line. A symbol h is a thickness of a substrate. A symbol εw is an effective permittivity. A symbol t is a film thickness of metal (a line). A symbol c is a velocity of light.
Calculation of an electrical length is not limited to calculation using the equations (1) to (3). Calculation of an electrical length may be calculation using an empirical equation other than the equations (1) to (3). Further, calculation of an electrical length may be calculation using, for example, a design tool. However, an electric length to be calculated has a slight difference depending on an equation used for the calculation.
The first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b are disposed in such a way that a part of each line is opposed to and separate from each other.
A part of the first sub-coupling unit 131 is disposed to be separately opposed to the first sub-transmission line 101.
A portion of the first sub-coupling unit 131 opposed to the first sub-transmission line 101 and the first-sub-transmission line 101 work as a first sub-coupling line 12a.
A portion of the first sub-coupling unit 131 that is not opposed to the first sub-transmission line 101 works as an open stub.
A part of the second sub-coupling unit 132 is disposed to be separately opposed to the second sub-transmission line 104.
A portion of the second sub-coupling unit 132 opposed to the second sub-transmission line 104 and the second sub-transmission line 104 work as a second sub-coupling line 12b.
A portion of the second sub-coupling unit 132 that is not opposed to the second sub-transmission line 104 works as an open stub.
A part of the first main coupling unit 105 and a part of the second main coupling unit 106 are disposed to be opposed separately from each other. Specifically, the first coupling unit 105b and the second coupling unit 106b are disposed to be opposed separately from each other.
A first terminal of the first connection unit 105a is connected to a first terminal of the first sub-coupling unit 131.
A second terminal of the first connection unit 105a is connected to a first terminal of the first coupling unit 105b.
A first terminal of the second connection unit 106a is connected to a first terminal of the second sub-coupling unit 132.
A second terminal of the second connection unit 106a is connected to a first terminal of the second coupling unit 106b.
One end of the first capacitor 140a is connected to the input terminal 110a. The other end of the first capacitor 140a is connected to a first terminal of the first sub-transmission line 101.
One end of the second capacitor 140b is connected to the first output terminal 110b. The other end of the second capacitor 140b is connected to a first terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104.
One end of the third capacitor 140c is connected to the second output terminal 110c. The other end of the third capacitor 140c is connected to a second terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104.
Each of the first capacitor 140a, the second capacitor 140b, and the third capacitor 140c cuts a direct-current component of a signal input to the filter circuit 10. Further, each of the first capacitor 140a, the second capacitor 140b, and the third capacitor 140c matches an input/output impedance of the filter circuit 10.
One end of the fourth capacitor 150 is connected to the first terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104. The other end of the fourth capacitor 150 is connected to the second terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104.
One end of the first switch 120a is connected to a second terminal of the first coupling unit 105b. The other end of the first switch 120a is connected to a ground. When the first switch 120a is opened/closed, the second terminal of the first coupling unit 105b and the ground are caused to be in an open state or a short-circuited state.
One end of the second switch 120b is connected to a second terminal of the second coupling unit 106b. The other end of the second switch 120b is connected to a ground. When the second switch 120b is opened/closed, the second terminal of the second coupling unit 106b and the ground are caused to be in an open state or a short-circuited state.
When both of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b are caused to be in an open state, the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b work as a both-end-open half-wavelength resonator. Further, when both of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b are caused be in a short-circuited state, the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b work as a one-end-open resonator with a three-quarter wavelength of a second frequency f2. The one-end-open resonator with a three-quarter wavelength of a second frequency f2 is a resonator capable of acquiring a resonance frequency similarly to a one-end-open resonator with a one-quarter wavelength of the second frequency f2.
An operation of the filter circuit 10 according to the first example embodiment is described.
First, an operation of the filter circuit 10 upon working as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of a first frequency f1 to pass is described.
The filter circuit 10 works as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of a first frequency f1 to pass when both of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b are caused to be in an open state as illustrated in
When a signal is applied to the input terminal 110a, a direct-current component of the signal is cut by the first capacitor 140a. The signal in which the direct-current component is cut propagates in the first sub-transmission line 101. The signal is transmitted, when propagated in the first sub-transmission line 101, to the first sub-coupling unit 131 that is electromagnetically coupled to the first sub-transmission line 101.
Each of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b is in an open state, and therefore the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b work as a both-end-open transmission line having an electrical length of one half of a wavelength λ1 corresponding to the first frequency f1. In other words, the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b work as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of the first frequency f1 to pass.
The signal of the first frequency f1 propagated in the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b is transmitted to the second sub-coupling unit 104 that is electromagnetically coupled to the second sub-coupling unit 132. Thereby, each of the first output terminal 110b and the second output terminal 110c connected to the second sub-transmission line 104 outputs only the signal of the first frequency f1 among signals applied to the input terminal 110a. At that time, ideally, each of the first output terminal 110b and the second output terminal 110c outputs the signal of the first frequency f1 via even distribution. A phase difference between a signal output by the first output terminal 110b and a signal output by the second output terminal 110c is 180 degrees. The signal output by the first output terminal 110b and the signal output by the second output terminal 110c are output as differential output.
Transmission characteristics determined by simulation of the filter circuit 10 upon working as a bandpass filter that causes a first frequency f1 to pass are characteristics illustrated in
The transmission characteristics illustrated in
It is understood that signal intensity in the first output terminal 110b illustrated in
Further, from
As described above, the filter circuit 10 according to the second example embodiment of the present invention works as a bandpass filter that causes a first frequency f1 to pass when each of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b is in an open state.
Next, an operation of the filter circuit 10 upon working as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of a second frequency f2 to pass is described.
The filter circuit 10 works as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of a second frequency f2 to pass when both of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b are caused to be in a short-circuited state as illustrated in
When a signal is applied to the input terminal 110a, a direct-current component of the signal is cut by the first capacitor 140a. The signal in which the direct-current component is cut propagates in the first sub-transmission line 101. The signal is transmitted, when propagated in the first sub-transmission line 101, to the first sub-coupling unit 131 that is electromagnetically coupled to the first sub-transmission line 101.
Each of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b is in a short-circuited state. Therefore, the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b work as a one-end-open three-quarter-wavelength resonator having an electrical length of three quarters of a wavelength λ2 corresponding to the second frequency f2, equivalently a one-end-open quarter-wavelength resonator. In other words, the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b work as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of the second frequency f2 that is a frequency of 1.5 times of the first frequency f1 to pass.
The signal of the first frequency f2 propagated in the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b is transmitted to the second sub-coupling unit 104 that is electromagnetically coupled to the second sub-coupling unit 132. Thereby, each of the first output terminal 110b and the second output terminal 110c connected to the second sub-transmission line 104 outputs only the signal of the second frequency f2 among signals applied to the input terminal 110a. At that time, ideally, each of the first output terminal 110b and the second output terminal 110c outputs the signal of the second frequency f2 via even distribution. A phase difference between a signal output by the first output terminal 110b and a signal output by the second output terminal 110c is 180 degrees. The signal output by the first output terminal 110b and the signal output by the second output terminal 110c are output as differential output.
Transmission characteristics of the filter circuit 10 upon working as a bandpass filter that causes a second frequency f2 to pass are characteristics illustrated in
The transmission characteristics illustrated in
From
Further, from
As described above, the filter circuit 10 according to the second example embodiment of the present invention works as a bandpass filter that causes a second frequency f2 to pass when each of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b is in a short-circuited state.
Processing of the filter circuit 10 according to the second example embodiment of the present invention is described above. The above-described filter circuit 10 includes a first transmission line 101 having an electrical length that is one sixth of a first wavelength λ1 corresponding to a first frequency f1. The filter circuit 10 includes a second transmission line 102 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1 and being disposed to be opposed to the first transmission line 101 separately from each other. The filter circuit 10 includes an input terminal 110a connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the first transmission line 101 flows.
The first circuit 10 includes a third transmission line 103 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1. The filter circuit 10 includes a fourth transmission line 104 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1 and being disposed to be opposed to the third transmission line 103 separately from each other. The filter circuit 10 includes a first output terminal 110b connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows. The filter circuit 10 includes a second output terminal 110c connected to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows.
The filter circuit 10 includes a first open end 107 having a predetermined electrical length and including a first end connected to a first end of the second transmission line 102 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the first transmission line 101 flows and a second end that is open. The filter circuit 10 includes a second open end 108 having a predetermined electrical length and including a first end connected to a first end of the third transmission line 103 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows and a second end that is open.
The filter circuit 10 includes a fifth transmission line 105 including a first end connected to a second end of the second transmission line 102. The filter circuit 10 includes a sixth transmission line 106 including a first end connected to a second end of the third transmission line 103 and being disposed in such a way that at least a part of the sixth transmission line 106 is separately opposed to at least a part of the fifth transmission line 105.
The filter circuit 10 includes a first switch 120a being disposed between a second terminal of the fifth transmission line 105 and a ground and causing the second terminal of the fifth transmission line 105 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state. The filter circuit 10 includes a second switch 120b being disposed between a second terminal of the sixth transmission line 106 and a ground and causing the second terminal of the sixth transmission line 106 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state.
An electrical length of a transmission line including the first open end 107, the second transmission line 102, and the fifth transmission line 105 is three quarters of a second wavelength λ2 corresponding to a second frequency f2 that is higher than the first frequency f1. An electrical length of a transmission line including the second open end 108, the third transmission line 103, and the sixth transmission line 106 is three quarters of the second wavelength λ2.
By doing in such a manner, the filter circuit 10 can avoid radio wave interference by causing only a signal of a desired frequency to pass through a simple configuration and can efficiently use a frequency band by causing signals of largely different frequencies to pass.
Further, a second wavelength λ2 corresponding to a second frequency f2 is 1.5 times of a first wavelength λ1 corresponding to a first frequency f1. The first open end 107 and the second open end 108 have an electrical length that is one quarter of the second frequency f2.
By causing the first open end 107 and the second open end 108 to be an open stub in this manner, the filter circuit 10 can avoid radio wave interference by causing only a signal of a desired frequency to pass through a simple configuration. In addition thereto, the filter circuit 10 can efficiently use a frequency band by causing signals of largely different frequencies to pass.
A filter circuit 10 according to a third example embodiment of the present invention is described using
The filter circuit 10 according to the present example embodiment includes, similarly to the filter circuit 10 according to the second example embodiment, a first main transmission line 130a, a second main transmission line 130b, a first sub-transmission line 101, a second sub-transmission line 104, an input terminal 110a, a first output terminal 110b, a second output terminal 110c, a first switch 120a, a second switch 120b, a first capacitor 140a, a second capacitor 140b, a third capacitor 140c, and a fourth capacitor 150.
However, the first main transmission line 130a according to the present example embodiment is different from the first main transmission line 130a according to the second example embodiment. Further, the second main transmission line 130b according to the present example embodiment is different from the second main transmission line 130b according to the second example embodiment.
The first main transmission line 130a according to the third example embodiment of the present invention includes a first sub-coupling unit 131, a first main coupling unit 105, and a first variable capacitor 160a.
One end of the first variable capacitor 160a is connected to a second terminal of the first sub-coupling unit 131. The other end of the first variable capacitor 160a is connected to a ground.
One end of the first variable capacitor 160a is connected to a second terminal of the first sub-coupling unit 131, and the other end of the first variable capacitor 160a is connected to the ground. Thereby, the second terminal of the first sub-coupling unit 131 becomes a circuit equivalent to an open stub in the second terminal of the first sub-coupling unit 131 according to the second example embodiment.
As a result, the first sub-coupling unit 131 according to the third example embodiment of the present invention operates similarly to the first sub-coupling unit 131 according to the second example embodiment.
The second main transmission line 130b according to the third example embodiment of the present invention includes a second sub-coupling unit 132, a second main coupling unit 106, and a second variable capacitor 160b.
One end of the second variable capacitor 160b is connected to a second terminal of the second sub-coupling unit 132. The other end of the second variable capacitor 160b is connected to a ground.
One end of the second variable capacitor 160b is connected to the second terminal of the second sub-coupling unit 132, and the other end of the second variable capacitor 160b is connected to the ground. Thereby, the second terminal of the second sub-coupling unit 132 becomes a circuit equivalent to an open stub in the second terminal of the second sub-coupling unit 132 according to the second example embodiment of the present invention.
As a result, the second sub-coupling unit 132 according to the present example embodiment operates similarly to the second sub-coupling unit 132 according to the second example embodiment.
An electrical length of a portion of the first sub-coupling unit 131 that is not opposed to the first sub-transmission line 101 may be changed to any electrical length in an extent of a variable range of electrostatic capacitance of a variable capacitor by changing electrostatic capacitance of the first variable capacitor 160a and the second variable capacitor 160b. In other words, in the third example embodiment of the present invention, a second frequency f2 is not necessarily 1.5 times of a first frequency f1. However, a wavelength λ1 equivalent to the first frequency f1 is longer than a wavelength λ2 equivalent to the second frequency f2.
Transmission characteristics determined from experiments of the filter circuit 10 upon working as a bandpass filter that causes a first frequency f1 to pass are characteristics illustrated in
The transmission characteristics illustrated in
It is understood that signal intensity in the first output terminal 110b illustrated in
Further, from
As described above, the filter circuit 10 according to the present example embodiment works as a bandpass filter that causes any first frequency f1 (in the example, 1.26 GHz to 1.7 GHz) to pass by changing electrostatic capacitance of the first variable capacitor 160a and the second variable capacitor 160b.
Next, an operation of the filter circuit 10 upon working as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of a second frequency f2 to pass is described.
The filter circuit 10 works as a bandpass filter that causes a signal of a second frequency f2 to pass when both of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b are caused to be in a short-circuited state as illustrated in
When a signal is applied to the input terminal 110a, a direct-current component of the signal is cut by the first capacitor 140a. The signal in which the direct-current component is cut propagates in a first sub-transmission line 101. The signal is transmitted, when propagated in the first sub-transmission line 101, to the first sub-coupling unit 131 that is electromagnetically coupled to the first sub-transmission line 101.
Each of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b is in a short-circuited state. Therefore, the first main transmission line 130a and the second main transmission line 130b work as a resonator having an electrical length different from an electrical length in a case where each of the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b is in an open state.
Transmission characteristics determined from experiments of the filter circuit 10 upon working as a bandpass filter that causes a second frequency f2 to pass are characteristics illustrated in
The transmission characteristics illustrated in
It is understood that signal intensity in the first output terminal 110b illustrated in
Further, from
As described above, the filter circuit 10 according to the present example embodiment works as a bandpass filter that causes any second frequency f2 (in the example, 1.91 GHz to 2.56 GHz) to pass by changing electrostatic capacitance of the first variable capacitor 160a and the second variable capacitor 160b.
Processing of the filter circuit 10 according to the third example embodiment of the present invention is described above. The above-described filter circuit 10 includes a first sub-transmission line 101 having an electrical length that is one sixth of a first wavelength λ1 corresponding to a first frequency f1. The filter circuit 10 includes a second transmission line 102 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1 and being disposed to be opposed to the first sub-transmission line 101 separately from each other. The filter circuit 10 includes an input terminal 110a connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the first sub-transmission line 101 flows.
The first circuit 10 includes a third transmission line 103 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1. The filter circuit 10 includes a fourth transmission line 104 having an electrical length that is one sixth of the first wavelength λ1 and being disposed to be opposed to the third transmission line 103 separately from each other.
The filter circuit 10 includes a first output terminal 110b connected to a first end of two ends in a direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows. The filter circuit 10 includes a second output terminal 110c connected to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows.
The filter circuit 10 includes a first open end 107 having a predetermined electrical length and including a first end connected to a first end of the second transmission line 102 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the first sub-transmission line 101 flows and a second end that is open. The filter circuit 10 includes a second open end 108 having a predetermined electrical length and including a first end connected to a first end of the third transmission line 103 opposed to a second end of the two ends in the direction where current in the fourth transmission line 104 flows and a second end that is open.
The filter circuit 10 includes a fifth transmission line 105 including a first end connected to a second end of the second transmission line 102. The filter circuit 10 includes a sixth transmission line 106 including a first end connected to a second end of the third transmission line 103 and being disposed in such a way that at least a part of the sixth transmission line 106 is separately opposed to at least a part of the fifth transmission line 105. The filter circuit 10 includes a first switch 120a being disposed between a second end of the fifth transmission line 105 and a ground and causing the second end of the fifth transmission line 105 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state. The filter circuit 10 includes a second switch 120b being disposed between a second end of the sixth transmission line 106 and a ground and causing the second end of the sixth transmission line 106 and the ground to be in a connection state or an open state.
An electrical length of a transmission line including the first open end 107, the second transmission line 102, and the fifth transmission line 105 is three quarters of a second wavelength λ2 corresponding to a second frequency f2 that is higher than the first frequency f1. An electrical length of a transmission line including the second open end 108, the third transmission line 103, and the sixth transmission line 106 is three quarters of the second wavelength λ2.
By doing in such a manner, the filter circuit 10 can avoid radio wave interference by causing only a signal of a desired frequency to pass through a simple configuration and can efficiently use a frequency band by causing signals of largely different frequencies to pass.
Further, at least one of a second end of the first open end 107 or a second end of the second open end 108 is connected to the other end of a capacitor one end of which is connected to a ground. Electrostatic capacitance is variable.
By doing in such a manner, the filter circuit 10 can avoid radio wave interference by causing only a signal of a desired frequency to pass through a simple configuration by changing electrostatic capacitance of a capacitor. In addition thereto, the filter circuit 10 can efficiently use a frequency band by causing signals of largely different frequencies to pass.
According to the filter circuit 10 according to the third example embodiment of the present invention, a passband of the filter circuit 10 may be changed by opening/closing the first switch 120a and the second switch 120b and changing electrostatic capacitance of the first variable capacitor 160a and the second variable capacitor 160b.
Further, in the third example embodiment, a first frequency f1 and a second frequency f2 are described as a given frequency. However, a range of a value of electrostatic capacitance of the first variable capacitor 160a and the second variable capacitor 160b may be widened or various types of parameters such as a line width of a coupling line, a coupling interval, and the like may be adjusted. Thereby, the filter circuit 10 may cause any continuous signals of a plurality of frequencies to pass.
In the third example embodiment of the present invention, the first open end 107 is described as including the first variable capacitor 160a and the first sub-coupling unit 131. Further, the second open end 108 is described as including the second variable capacitor 160b and the second sub-coupling unit 132. However, neither the first open end 107 nor the second open end 108 is limited thereto. The first open end 107 may include, for example, only the first variable capacitor 160a. Further, the second open end 108 may include, for example, only the second variable capacitor 160b. Further, each of the first open end 107 and the second open end 108 may include a fixed capacitor instead of a variable capacitor.
A specific configuration of the filter circuit 10 according to the example embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the above-described configurations. A specific configuration of the filter circuit 10 according to the example embodiments of the present invention may be a configuration according to various design modifications and the like.
For example, in the above-described example embodiments, each transmission line has a linearly extending shape but is not limited thereto. Each transmission line according to the example embodiments of the present invention may be, for example, a shape a part of which has a bent portion such as a hairpin shape and the like.
Further, in the above-described example embodiments, the input terminal 110a is described as being connected to a first terminal of the first sub-transmission line 101 via the first capacitor 140a. Further, the first output terminal 110b is described as being connected to a first terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104 via the second capacitor 140b. Further, the second output terminal 110c is described as being connected to a second terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104 via the third capacitor 140c. However, each of the input terminal 110a, the first output terminal 110b, and the second output terminal 110c is not limited thereto.
The input terminal 110a may be connected to, for example, a second terminal of the first sub-transmission line 101 via the first capacitor 140a. Further, the first output terminal 110b may be connected to a second terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104 via the second capacitor 140b. Further, the second output terminal 110c may be connected to a first terminal of the second sub-transmission line 104 via the third capacitor 140c.
Further, for example, in the filter circuit 10, when an influence of a direct-current component of a signal is sufficiently small, the filter circuit 10 is not necessarily include each of the first capacitor 140a, the second capacitor 140b, and the third capacitor 140c.
Further, for example, in the filter circuit 10, when impedance matching is sufficient, the filter circuit 10 is not necessarily include the fourth capacitor 150.
While the example embodiments of the present invention are described, the above-described filter circuit 10 may internally include a computer system. In this case, steps of the above-described processing are stored on a computer-readable recording medium in a format of a program, and the program is read and executed by a computer, whereby the processing is executed. The computer-readable recording medium refers to a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), or a semiconductor memory. Further, it is possible that the computer program is delivered to a computer via a communication line and the computer receiving the delivery executes the program.
Further, the program may be a program for realizing a part of the above-described functions. Further, the program may be a so-called a differential file (differential program) which is capable of realizing the above-described functions by being combined with a program already recorded on a computer system.
While several example embodiments of the present invention are described, these example embodiments have been presented as examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Further, within a scope that is not departing from the gist of the present invention, various additions, omissions, substitutions, and modifications may be made.
This application claims a priority based on Japanese patent application No. 2016-007911 filed on Jan. 19, 2016, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-007911 | Jan 2016 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/001148 | 1/16/2017 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017/126452 | 7/27/2017 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6404304 | Kwon et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
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| 7541888 | Wu | Jun 2009 | B2 |
| 8766739 | Chen et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
| 10381701 | Motoi | Aug 2019 | B2 |
| 20090115555 | Kim et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2001119257 | Apr 2001 | JP |
| 1020010036289 | May 2001 | KR |
| 1020090044796 | May 2009 | KR |
| 2016167190 | Oct 2016 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
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| International Search Report, dated Mar. 28, 2017 from the International Bureau in counterpart International application No. PCT/JP2017/001148. |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190020092 A1 | Jan 2019 | US |
