The present application relates to a fluid filter cartridge.
In many applications, it is desirable to have a filter cartridge including a bypass valve. The bypass valve may allow unfiltered fluid to bypass the filter media of the filter cartridge in situations where the unfiltered fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined level.
Various embodiments relate to a filter cartridge including a filter media, a first end plate including a bypass flow opening, a second end plate, and a spring tube bypass assembly. The spring tube bypass assembly may include a first center tube and a spring, and the spring tube bypass assembly may be configured such that fluid flow through the first bypass flow opening is blocked when a fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge is below a predetermined pressure and fluid may flow through the bypass filter opening when the fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge exceeds the predetermined pressure.
These and other features, together with the organization and manner of operation thereof, will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like elements have like numerals throughout the several drawings described below.
Various embodiments relate to a fluid filter cartridge, for example a fuel filter cartridge, including a filter media and a spring tube bypass assembly. The filter cartridge may be employed in any appropriate fluid filter system, for example a vehicle or engine application. According to one embodiment, the filter cartridge may be employed in a diesel engine application.
According to one embodiment, the filter cartridge may include a bypass functionality. The bypass functionality allows fluid to bypass the filter media of the filter cartridge when the fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge exceeds a predetermined level. Fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge may be elevated when the downstream demand for filtered fluid is greater than the amount of fluid passing through the filter media. An increase in fluid pressure may be the result of a temporary increase in the downstream demand for filtered fluid, for example during cold startup of a diesel engine. In other circumstances, an increase in fluid pressure may be the result of a decreased flow capacity of the filter media, for example the filter media may be clogged by dirt or other contaminants.
The spring tube bypass assembly is in a closed position when the fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge is below the predetermined pressure, and fluid is prevented from flowing through the bypass filter openings and into the spring tube bypass assembly. In the case that the fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge exceeds the predetermined pressure, the spring tube bypass assembly is in an open position, and fluid may flow through the bypass filter openings and into the spring tube bypass assembly without passing through the filter media. The predetermined pressure may be referred to as a “cracking” pressure. The pressure at which the bypass tube assembly allows the flow of fluid is dependent on the spring constant of the spring employed and the surface area of the valve element on which the fluid pressure may act. In the case that the fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge is reduced below the predetermined pressure while the spring tube bypass assembly is in the open state, the spring tube bypass assembly returns to the closed state.
As illustrated in
The spring tube bypass assembly includes a first center tube 80, a second center tube 70, and a spring 30. The second center tube 70 includes a spring support flange 76 extending radially on the interior of the second center tube, and the first center tube 80 includes a first spring support flange 87. The spring support flanges may have any appropriate geometry. According to one embodiment, the first spring support flange is formed by a narrowing of the first center tube 80. The second spring support flange may be formed by a projection 76 extending radially from the inner surface of the second center tube 70.
The second spring support flange 76 includes at least one fluid flow opening 74. The second spring support flange 76 may include any appropriate number of fluid flow openings 74. The fluid flow openings 74 are configured to receive fluid that flows through the bypass flow openings 90 in the first end plate 50. In one embodiment, the number of fluid flow openings 74 is the same as the number of bypass flow openings 90. The geometry of the fluid flow openings 74 may be substantially the same as, or the same as, the bypass flow openings 90. In another embodiment, the geometry of the bypass flow openings 90 and the fluid flow openings 74 is such that sufficient overlap between the openings is produced to allow fluid to flow from the bypass openings 90 to the fluid flow openings 74 at any relative rotation of the second center tube 70 relative to the first end plate 50.
A valve element 60 is disposed between the spring 30 and the second spring support flange 76. The valve element 60 is biased against the second spring support flange 76 by the spring. The valve element 60 is configured to prevent fluid flow from the fluid flow openings 74 to the interior of the second center tube 70 when the spring tube bypass assembly is in the closed position. The valve element 60 may have any appropriate geometry. In one embodiment, the valve element 60 is in the form of a ring with a flat surface that bears against the second spring support flange 76 when the spring tube bypass assembly is in the closed position. The valve element 60 may include a projection 62 on the surface of the valve element adjacent the spring 30. The projection 62 is configured to locate the valve element 60 with respect to the spring 30.
The spring 30 is located on the interior of the first center tube 80 and the second center tube 70. In one embodiment, the spring 30 is a coil spring. However, it should be understood that other types of springs or biasing members may be used in particular arrangements based upon design and operational considerations. Contact between the spring 30 and the filter media 20 is prevented by the first center tube and the second center tube. This arrangement prevents wear on the filter media 20 as a result of the action of the spring 30.
The second end plate 40 includes fluid outlet 15. The sizes of the components of the spring tube bypass assembly are such that the components are not capable of passing through the fluid outlet 15. This relationship prevents components of the spring tube bypass assembly from flowing out of the filter cartridge 10 and reaching downstream elements. Damage may occur to downstream elements if components of the spring tube bypass assembly reach downstream components, resulting in downtime or repair costs. By preventing downstream damage as a result of spring tube bypass components, manufacturer warranty, repair costs and downtime may be minimized.
The spring tube bypass assembly does not require any specialized procedures, equipment or tools to assemble. This allows the spring tube bypass assembly to be entirely assembled on the same manufacturing line as the remainder of the filter cartridge, reducing production costs and time. As illustrated in
The attachment of the first center tube 80 and the second center tube 70 may be achieved by any suitable attachment mechanism. In one embodiment, the first center tube 80 is attached to the second center tube 70 by a threaded attachment. As illustrated in
The first center tube 80 and the second center tube 70 are attached such that the spring 30 is in a constant state of compression. The compression of the spring 30 between the first spring support flange 87 and the second spring support flange 76 biases the valve element against the second spring support flange 76 when the spring tube bypass assembly is in a closed state.
The second center tube 70 may be attached to the first end plate 50. The attachment of the second center tube 70 and the first end plate 50 may be achieved by any suitable attachment mechanism. As illustrated in
According to another embodiment, the first end plate 250 may include protrusions configured to locate the spring tube bypass assembly relative to the first end plate. As shown in
According to another embodiment, the second center tube 270 is attached to the first end plate 250 by a press fit attachment mechanism. As shown in
As illustrated in
The spring tube bypass assembly includes a first center tube 180, a valve element 160 and a spring 130. The first center tube 180 includes a first spring support flange 187 extending radially on the interior of the first center tube 180. The spring support flange may have any appropriate geometry. According to one embodiment, the first spring support flange is formed by a projection 187 extending radially from the inner surface of the first center tube 180.
The valve element 160 is disposed between the spring 130 and the first end plate 150. The valve element 160 is biased against the first end plate 150 by the spring 130. The valve element 160 is configured to prevent fluid flow from the bypass flow openings 190 to the interior of the first center tube 180 when the spring tube bypass assembly is in the closed position. The valve element 160 may have any appropriate geometry. In one embodiment, the valve element 160 is in the form of a ring with a flat surface that bears against the first end plate 150 when the spring tube bypass assembly is in the closed position. The valve element 160 may include a channel on the surface of the valve element adjacent the spring 130. The channel is configured to locate the valve element 160 with respect to the spring 130, and may have a u-shaped cross-section.
The spring 130 is located on the interior of the first center tube 180. The spring 130 may be any appropriate spring. In one embodiment, the spring 130 is a coil spring. Contact between the spring 130 and the filter media 20 is prevented by the first center tube 180. This arrangement prevents wear on the filter media 120 as a result of the action of the spring 130.
The second end plate 140 includes fluid outlet 115. The sizes of the components of the spring tube bypass assembly are such that the components are not capable of passing through the fluid outlet 115. This relationship prevents components of the spring tube bypass assembly from flowing out of the filter cartridge 110 and reaching downstream elements. Damage may occur to downstream elements if components of the spring tube bypass assembly reach downstream components, resulting in downtime or repair costs. By preventing downstream damage as a result of spring tube bypass components, manufacturer warranty costs, repair costs and downtime may be minimized.
The first center tube 180 and the first end plate 150 are configured such that the spring 130 is in a constant state of compression. The compression of the spring 130 between the first spring support flange 187 and the first end plate 150 biases the valve element 160 against the first end plate when the spring tube bypass assembly is in a closed state.
The first center tube 180 and the first end plate 150 may be attached in a manner similar to attachment between the second center tube 70 and the first end plate 50. Similarly, the first center tube 180 and the second end plate 140 may be attached.
The first end plate 150 may include projections 152 configured to connect the filter cartridge 110 to a filter system.
As illustrated in
The spring tube bypass assembly includes a first center tube 380, a second center tube 370, and a spring 330. The first center tube 380 includes a first spring support flange 387 extending radially on the interior of the first center tube 380. The second spring support flange 387 is located at an end of the first center tube 380 adjacent to the spring 330. The second center tube 370 includes a second spring support flange 376 extending radially on the interior of the second center tube 370. The second spring support flange 376 is located at an end of the second center tube 370 adjacent to the spring 330. The spring support flanges may have any appropriate geometry. The spring support flanges may be formed by a projection 387, 376 extending radially from the inner surface of the center tubes 380, 370.
The first center tube 380, spring 330 and second center tube 370 are arranged in series along the central axis of the filter cartridge between the first end plate 350 and the second end plate 340. The first center tube 380 may be embedded 342 in the second end plate 340. The first end plate is configured to accept an end of the second center tube 370 opposite from the second spring flange 376. The end of the second center tube 370 that engages the first end plate 350 forms a valve element 360 that seals the bypass flow openings 390. The spring 330 is compressed between the first spring support flange 387 and the second spring support flange 376 when the spring tube bypass assembly is fully assembled. This arrangement biases the second center tube 370 against the first end plate 350 such that the valve element 360 seals the bypass flow openings when the spring tube bypass assembly is in a closed position.
The fluid pressure 392 acting on the filter cartridge 310 is high in comparison to the low pressure 396 of the fluid within the first center tube 380. In the case that the fluid pressure acting on the filter cartridge 310 exceeds the predetermined pressure, the spring 330 is compressed by the fluid pressure acting on the valve element 360 and the second center tube 370 is forced away from the first end plate 350. In this situation, the spring tube bypass assembly is in an open state and fluid may flow through the bypass fluid openings 390 and directly to the interior of the second center tube 370 without passing through the filter media 320.
The spring 330 is located between the first center tube 380 and the second center tube 370. The spring 330 may be any appropriate spring. In one embodiment, the spring 330 is a coil spring with a diameter substantially the same as the first and second spring support flanges 387, 376.
The second end plate 340 includes fluid outlet 315. The sizes of the components of the spring tube bypass assembly are such that the components are not capable of passing through the fluid outlet 315. This relationship prevents components of the spring tube bypass assembly from flowing out of the filter cartridge 310 and reaching downstream elements. Damage may occur to downstream elements if components of the spring tube bypass assembly reach downstream components, resulting in downtime or repair costs. By preventing downstream damage as a result of spring tube bypass components, manufacturer warranty costs, repair costs and downtime may be minimized.
The spring tube bypass assembly allows for a much lower pressure gradient across the valve in comparison to pre-existing bypass valves. In one comparative example, the pressure drop across a pre-existing bypass valve may be 435 kPa at an equilibrium valve lift of 2.8 mm. The equilibrium valve lift is the point at which the fluid forces acting on the valve and the spring forces acting on the valve are equivalent. Under the same conditions, the spring tube bypass valve exhibits a pressure drop of 250 kPa at an equilibrium valve lift of 0.8 mm. The reduced pressure gradient across the spring tube bypass assembly an reduced equilibrium valve lift are a significant advantage in comparison to pre-existing bypass valve assemblies.
The center tubes of the spring tube bypass assembly may be cylindrical and have fluid flow openings defined by a plurality of ribs. The fluid flow openings allow fluid that has passed through the filter media to enter the interior of the center tube and then pass out of the filter cartridge.
The spring tube bypass assembly exhibits an increased resistance to buckling when acted on by external pressure in comparison to pre-existing center tube designs. The thickness of the walls of the center tubes of the spring tube bypass assembly may be greater than thickness of the walls of pre-existing center tubes. A center tube assembly of the spring tube bypass assembly with a wall thickness tapering from 5.5 mm to 3 mm exhibits the onset of buckling at an external pressure of 8 Bar. By comparison, a pre-existing center tube with a wall thickness of 1.59 mm exhibited buckling at an external pressure of 4.53 Bar under the same conditions. The increased resistance to buckling exhibited by the spring tube bypass assembly improves the reliability of the filter cartridge.
As utilized herein, the terms “substantially”, and similar terms are intended to have a broad meaning in harmony with the common and accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure pertains. It should be understood by those of skill in the art who review this disclosure that these terms are intended to allow a description of certain features described and claimed without restricting the scope of these features to the precise numerical ranges provided. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that insubstantial or inconsequential modifications or alterations of the subject matter described and claimed are considered to be within the scope of the invention as recited in the appended claims.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the various embodiments are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described herein. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may also be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the various embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/931,382, filed Jan. 24, 2014, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/US2015/012429 | 1/22/2015 | WO | 00 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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61931382 | Jan 2014 | US |