1. Field of the Invention
The subject invention relates to firearms and more specifically to a device for moving components of the firearm in a charging motion and in a forward assist motion.
2. Description of the Related Art
Firearms typically include a receiver that houses several working components of the firearm, including firing components, with a barrel extending from the receiver. There are various classes of firearms that operate in different manners. One class of firearm utilizes a bolt carrier disposed in the receiver that is moveable between a firing position, from which a live round of ammunition can be fired, and a retracted position, from which a spent casing is ejected. The movement of the bolt carrier and ejection of the casing can be accomplished with a direct gas impingement or indirect gas impingement system. Examples of gas impingement type firearms include the M16, the M4®, such as the M4® carbine, and the AR-15®, such as the AR-15® Platform.
Firearms having the direct gas impingement system typically include an ejection port defined by the receiver. Direct gas impingement systems route exhaust gases back through the firearm to move the bolt carrier toward the retracted position. In particular, after firing the firearm, the direct gas impingement system routes exhaust gases, including any associated debris, from the barrel, back through a return tube to the bolt carrier, and out the ejection port of the receiver.
Firearms having an indirect gas impingement system do not route the exhaust gases back to the bolt carrier in an effort to reduce fouling caused by the exhaust gases that may occur with direct gas impingement type firearms. Instead, the exhaust gases are used to move a device, such as a piston, that engages the bolt carrier to move the bolt carrier toward the rearward position.
Both the direct and indirect gas impingement systems require an initial manual movement of the bolt carrier from the firing position toward the retracted position to initially load a live round into the firearm. In order to accomplish this manual movement, a device known as a charging handle is provided at the rear of the receiver near the buttstock. A user must lower the firearm and manually grasp the charging handle and pull the charging handle toward the buttstock. The charging handle engages the bolt carrier directly to retract the bolt carrier.
During operation, the bolt carrier automatically moves between the firing and retracted positions to eject a spent casing and to load a live round. Debris can build up in the receiver and about the firing components such that during these operations the firearm can jam or fail with either the casing not being fully ejected or the round not being fully loaded into the firearm. In such situations, the charging handle can be utilized to fully eject the casing. Further, another manual device known as a forward assist can be utilized to complete the loading operation of the live round. The forward assist is a separate device that is also mounted to the rear of the receiver near the buttstock. Again, the user must lower the firearm and manually push on the forward assist, which in turn engages teeth on the bolt carrier in an attempt to move the bolt carrier to the firing position.
Although necessary, the lowering of the firearm during combat situations to perform these tasks is undesirable. Further, it is inefficient to have the charging handle and the forward assist be two separate mechanisms. As such, there remains a need to improve these components and their associated operation.
The present invention includes a firearm comprising a receiver defining a receiver bore extending along a longitudinal axis. A bolt carrier is disposed in the receiver bore and is moveable relative to the receiver along the longitudinal axis between a firing position and a rearward position. A rod is fixed relative to the bolt carrier and extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis. A hand guard is coupled to the receiver and is disposed about the rod. A handle assembly is slideably supported by the hand guard and is moveable toward the receiver to define a charging motion and away from the receiver to define a forward assist motion with the handle assembly engaging the rod and moving the rod and the bolt carrier toward the rearward position when moved in the charging motion. The handle assembly includes a base having a base bore receiving the rod during both of the charging and forward assist motions. An arm is coupled to the base and is moveable between a disengaged position spaced from the rod and an engaged position abutting the rod with the arm moving the rod and the bolt carrier toward the firing position when in the engaged position and when the handle assembly is moved in the forward assist motion.
The present invention also includes a charging mechanism for a firearm. The charging mechanism comprises a bolt carrier extending along a longitudinal axis. A rod is fixed relative to the bolt carrier and extends substantially parallel the longitudinal axis and defines a recess extending transverse to the longitudinal axis. A handle assembly has a base defining a base bore receiving the rod substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis. The handle is moveable with the rod in one direction along the longitudinal axis in a charging motion and in an opposite direction along the longitudinal axis in a forward assist motion. The handle assembly engages the rod during the charging motion for moving the bolt carrier toward a rearward position. The handle assembly has an arm supported by the base and is selectively moveable transversely to the longitudinal axis between a disengaged position spaced from the rod and an engaged position abutting the rod in the recess wherein the arm in the engaged position is fixed to the rod for moving the bolt carrier toward a firing position during movement of the handle assembly in the forward assist motion.
The present invention also includes a handle assembly for a charging mechanism of a firearm having a bolt carrier and a rod fixed relative to and extending from the bolt carrier. The handle assembly comprises a body defining a body bore extending along a body bore axis for slideably receiving the rod along the body bore axis. A ledge extends into the body bore for engaging the rod when moved in a charging motion to move the bolt carrier toward a rearward position. A slider is fixed to the body and extends transversely to the body bore axis for slideably engaging the firearm in the charging motion and a forward assist motion. An arm is supported by the slider and is selectively moveable transversely to the body bore axis between a disengaged position disposed outside of the body bore and an engaged position disposed at least partially in the body bore for engaging the rod when moved in the forward assist motion to move the bolt carrier toward a firing position.
Accordingly, the handle assembly is used to move the bolt carrier both toward the rearward position, by moving the handle assembly in the charging motion, and toward the firing position, by moving the handle assembly in the forward assist motion. Such a configuration advantageously simplifies the operation of the firearm by eliminating the need for separate components disposed at separate locations of the firearm to separately perform charging and forward assist functions. In addition, the handle assembly is disposed in a position that does not require a user to lower the firearm. As such, during operation, the user can immediately reach for a single component, i.e., the handle assembly, regardless of whether the user seeks to move the bolt carrier toward the rearward position or the firing position without lowering the firearm and without worrying about reaching for a particular component disposed at a particular location to perform a particular function.
Also, the construction of the firearm is simplified by a reduction in the number of components because the charging function and the forward assist function are both accomplished with a single component, i.e., the handle assembly. The reduction in the number of components is advantageous in minimizing weight and minimizing the risk of malfunction in the field.
As mentioned above, the handle assembly allows for the user to perform the charging function and the forward assist function while maintaining the firearm in a ready position and without breaking visual contact with an engaged target.
Other advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated, as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, a firearm 10 is generally shown in
The firearm 10 can be of a certain class of firearms 10 that utilize a direct gas impingement system or an indirect gas impingement system to eject a spent casing 14 after firing the firearm 10. Examples of such types of firearms 10 include the M16, the M4®, such as the M4® carbine, and the AR-15®, such as the AR-15® Platform. However, it should be appreciated that the firearm 10 can be of any type without departing from the nature of the present invention. The firearm 10 described herein is designed to permit easy retrofitting of the components to a variety of currently and/or previously manufactured firearm 10 designs including direct gas impingement systems and indirect gas impingement systems. The indirect gas impingement system utilizes a piston assembly 64 for moving a bolt carrier 18, as further disclosed and claimed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ filed concurrently with the present application (attorney docket no. 065111.00128), which is incorporated herein by reference.
Referring to
As shown in
The firearm 10 includes a hand guard 36 that extends from the receiver 20 such that a user can hold the hand guard 36 of the firearm 10. A buttstock 38 extends rearwardly from the receiver 20 for supporting the firearm 10 against a shoulder of the user. A hand grip 40 extends downwardly along the lower receiver 28 for gripping by the user.
A barrel 42 is coupled to the receiver 20 and defines a barrel bore 44 extending along the longitudinal axis L. The details of how the barrel 42 is coupled to the receiver 20 is further disclosed and claimed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ filed concurrently with the present application (attorney docket no. 065111.00145), which is incorporated herein by reference. The barrel 42 includes a breech 46 adjacent the receiver 20 and a muzzle 48 spaced from the breech 46 along the longitudinal axis L with the breech 46 defining a chamber 50 extending along the longitudinal axis L for receiving one of the live rounds 12. The live rounds 12 are individually loaded into the chamber 50 from the magazine 30. The chamber 50 aligns with the barrel bore 44 such that the bullet 16 moves out of the chamber 50 and the barrel bore 44 when firing the firearm 10.
The bolt carrier 18 is disposed in the receiver bore 22. The bolt carrier 18 is moveable relative to the receiver 20 along the longitudinal axis L between a firing position, shown in
When the bolt 52 is in the firing position, the trigger 34 can be pulled to release the hammer, which strikes the firing pin 54. When the hammer strikes the firing pin 54, the firing pin 54 strikes the live round 12 to fire the live round 12, which causes the bullet 16 to move through and out of the bore of the barrel 42. After firing the live round 12, the bolt carrier 18 is moved by a gas impingement system toward the rearward position and the casing 14, which is now empty, is expelled from the receiver 20. The bolt carrier 18 is automatically moved toward the firing position thereby automatically loading another live round 12 from the magazine 30 into the chamber 50.
The hand guard 36 is also shown in
The hand guard 36 defines a hand guard bore 56 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L. The barrel 42 extends from the receiver 20 through the hand guard bore 56. The hand guard 36 protects the user's hand from heat generated by the firing of the firearm 10. The hand guard 36 can include a series of connection points that are known in the industry as a rail system 58 for mounting additional components to the hand guard 36. For example, such components can include bipods, tripods, scopes, bayonets, lasers, shot guns, grenade launchers, etc.
The hand guard 36 includes a bushing 60 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L for locating the hand guard 36 relative to the receiver 20. Specifically, the bushing 60 extends into the receiver 20. It is to be appreciated that the hand guard 36 can be attached to the receiver 20 in any fashion without departing from the nature of the present invention.
As best shown in
The rod 62 is coupled to a piston assembly 64 that automatically moves the rod 62 and bolt carrier 18 from the firing position to the rearward position. When in the rearward position, the rod 62 and bolt carrier 18 typically move from the rearward position to the firing position automatically. The rod 62, bolt carrier 18, and piston assembly 64 are disclosed and claimed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ filed concurrently with the present application (attorney docket no. 065111.00128), which is incorporated herein by reference.
As best shown in
The handle assembly 66, 166 is slideably supported by the hand guard 36 and is moveable toward the receiver 20 to define a charging motion and away from the receiver 20 to define a forward assist motion. As set forth further below, the handle assembly 66, 166 can selectively engage the rod 62 to move the rod 62 and the bolt carrier 18 when the handle assembly 66, 166 is moved in the charging motion and in the forward assist motion.
When the handle assembly 66, 166 is engaged with the rod 62, the handle assembly 66, 166 can be moved in the charging motion to move the rod 62 and the bolt carrier 18 toward the rearward position. Accordingly, the handle assembly 66, 166 can be engaged with the rod 62 and moved in the charging motion to initially load a live round 12 into the receiver 20, i.e., to charge the firearm 10. The handle assembly 66, 166 can also be engaged with the rod 62 and moved in the charging motion to eject an empty casing 14 that has not ejected, e.g., an empty casing 14 that is jammed in the firearm 10.
When the handle assembly 66, 166 is engaged with the rod 62, the handle assembly 66, 166 can be moved in the forward assist motion to move the rod 62 and the bolt carrier 18 toward the firing position. Accordingly, if for some reason the bolt carrier 18 does not automatically move to the firing position, the handle assembly 66, 166 can be engaged with the rod 62 and moved in the forward assist motion to move the bolt carrier 18 to the firing position.
The handle assembly 66, 166 includes a base 68, 168 and an arm 70, 170 supported by the base 68, 168. Specifically, the base 68, 168 includes a body 72, 172 and a slider 74, 174 extending therefrom supporting the arm 70, 170. The slider 74, 174 extends from the body 72, 172 for slideably engaging the firearm 10 in the charging motion and the forward assist motion, as set forth further below.
The slider 74, 174 and the body 72, 172 are fixed to each other. As best shown in
As shown in
The body 72 shown in
The base 68, 168 of the handle assembly 66, 166 is slideably supported by the hand guard 36. Specifically, the hand guard 36 defines a slot 78 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L and the handle assembly 66, 166, specifically at least one of the body 72, 172 and the slider 74, 174, extends through the slot 78 from an interior of the hand guard 36 to an exterior of the hand guard 36. More specifically, the hand guard 36 defines a first slot 80 and a second slot 82 spaced from each other about the longitudinal axis L, as shown in
The hand guard 36 guides the handle assembly 66, 166 in the charging motion and the forward assist motion. This guidance is created by the complimentary configuration of the body 72, 172 relative to the hand guard bore 56 and by the handle assembly 66, 166 extending through the first 80 and/or second 82 slots and being slideaebly supported by the hand guard 36 in the first 80 and/or second 82 slots.
The base 68, 168, and more specifically the body 72, 172, defines a base bore 84, also referred to as a body bore. The base bore 84 extends along a base bore axis B and slideably receives the rod 62 along the base bore axis B. The base bore 84 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L. Under normal operation, when the firearm 10 is fired the rod 62 moves within the base 68, 168 along the base bore 84 as the bolt carrier 18 moves between the rearward and firing positions while the handle assembly 66, 166 is retained in position relative to the hand guard 36. In other words, the handle assembly 66, 166 does not move during normal firing operation of the firearm 10.
The arm 70, 170 is selectively moveable relative to the slider 74, 174 transversely to the base bore axis B between a disengaged position, shown in
As best shown in
The rod 62 defines a recess 98 extending transverse to the longitudinal axis L. When moved to the engaged position, the arm 70, 170 extends into the recess 98 to engage the rod 62 in the recess 98. As shown in the Figures, the recess 98 is further defined as an annular groove 100 with the arm 70, 170 abutting the rod 62 in the annular groove 100 when in the engaged position. Specifically, the forward assist surface 88 and the charging surface 96 oppose each other in the annular groove 100. Each of the forward assist surface 88 and the charging surface 96 extend transversely to the base bore axis B. The arm 70, 170 abuts the forward assist surface 88 when moved into the engaged position and in the forward assist motion. The arm 70, 170 abuts the charging surface 96 when moved into the engaged position and in the charging motion.
As shown in
Specifics of the first embodiment of the handle assembly 66 are described in greater detail in the following paragraphs with reference to
The handle assembly 66 includes a pivot pin 106 that extends through the arm 70 and the slider 74 along the rotational axis R. The arm 70 rotates about the pivot pin 106 between the engaged and disengaged positions. The arm 70 includes a grip 90 disposed on one side of the pivot pin 106 and a finger 92 disposed on the opposite side of the pivot pin 106.
The body 72 defines a cutout 108. A user of the firearm 10 can pull the grip 90 from the disengaged position to rotate the arm 70 about the pivot pin 106. When the arm 70 is rotated about the pivot pin 106, the finger 92 extends into the cutout 108. If necessary, the handle assembly 66 can be moved along the hand guard 36 until the cutout 108 is aligned with the annular groove 100 of the rod 62. When the annular groove 100 of the rod 62 is aligned with the cutout 108 of the handle assembly 66, the arm 70 can be further rotated about the pivot pin 106 to the engaged position.
When at rest, the handle assembly 66 is typically in the disengaged position with the arm 70 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L. The body 72 of the handle assembly 66 defines a pocket 110. A spring 94 is disposed in the pocket 110 and is coupled to the base 68, specifically the slider 74, and the arm 70 for urging the arm 70 toward the disengaged position, specifically with the arm 70 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L. For example, the spring 94 is retained to the base 68 and the arm 70 with retainer pins, shown in
Referring again to
The handle assembly 66 is ambidextrous. In other words, the handle assembly 66 can extend from either side of the hand guard 36 depending upon which hand the user prefers to use to move the handle assembly 66 in the charging motion and the forward assist motion. Specifically, the slider 74 and the body 72 are selectively arranged in a first configuration with the handle assembly 66 extending from the hand guard 36 only through the first slot 80 and a second configuration with the handle assembly 66 extending from the hand guard 36 only through the second slot 82.
As best shown in
As best shown in
The assembly pin 120 is housed within an assembly bore 148 and extends through the slider 74 transversely to the longitudinal axis L. The assembly pin 120 can be slid in the assembly bore 148 and is maintained in the assembly bore 148, i.e., the assembly pin 120 cannot be easily removed from the slider 74. Specifically, a plunger 122 extends into the slider 74 to slideably retain the pin to the slider 74. The assembly pin 120 defines a channel 124 and the plunger 122 includes a tip 126 that slides within the channel 124 as the assembly pin 120 is moved relative to the slider 74. The ends of the channel 124 are closed such that as the assembly pin 120 is slid to the end of the channel 124, the tip 126 abuts the end of the channel 124 and retains the assembly pin 120 in the slider 74. It should be appreciated that the plunger 122 can be assembled to the slider 74 in any fashion, such as threaded engagement, adhesive engagement, pinned engagement, etc., without departing from the nature of the present invention.
Referring to
Specifics of the second embodiment of the handle assembly 166 are described in greater detail in the following paragraphs with reference to
The base 168 extends simultaneously from the first slot 80 and the second slot 82. Specifically, the slider 174 is further defined as a first slider 128 and a second slider 130 each extending in different directions from the body 172. The first slider 128 extends through the first slot 80 and the second slider 130 extends through the second slot 82. In addition to or in the alternative, the body 172 and/or the arm 170 can extend through the first 80 and second 82 slots and, in any event, the handle assembly 166 extends simultaneously through the first slot 80 and the second slot 82. As such the handle assembly 166 is ambidextrous.
The arm 170 is further defined as a first arm 132 supported by the first slider 128 and a second arm 134 supported by the second slider 130. The first 132 and second 134 arms are each slid relative to the first 128 and second 130 sliders, respectively, toward the base bore axis B to the engaged position.
The first 132 and second 134 arms are slideably coupled to the first 128 and second 130 sliders, respectively. For example, the first 128 and second 130 sliders can define slits 136 that receive the first 132 and second 134 arms, respectively, in a dovetail configuration. The first 128 and second 130 sliders can include guide pins 138 and the first arms 132 can include guide slots slideably receiving the guide pins 138 of the first 128 and second 130 sliders.
Each of the first 132 and second 134 arms include a grip 190 and a finger 192 extending therefrom toward the base bore axis B. In the engaged position, at least one of the fingers 92 extend into the annular groove 100 of the rod 62. In the disengaged position, the fingers 92 are spaced from the annular groove 100.
When at rest, the first 132 and second 134 arms are biased toward the disengaged position. For example, springs 194, shown in
A user of the firearm 10 can slide either, or both, of the first 132 and second 134 arms toward each other, i.e., toward the base bore axis B. When the first 132 and second 134 arms are slid toward each other, the fingers 92 extend into the annular groove 100 of the rod 62. If necessary, the handle assembly 166 can be moved along the hand guard 36 until the finger 192 is aligned with the annular groove 100 of the rod 62. When the annular groove 100 of the rod 62 is aligned with the finger 192, the arm 170 can be slid further toward the base bore axis B to the engaged position.
When the finger 192 of the arm 170 is disposed in the annular groove 100 of the rod 62, the handle assembly 166 is fixed in position relative to the rod 62. When in the engaged position, the user can move the handle assembly 166 in the charging motion to move the rod 62 and bolt carrier 18 toward the rearward position or in the forward assist motion to move the rod 62 and the bolt carrier 18 toward the firing position.
The handle assembly 166 is typically releasably retained at the forward end of the first 80 and second 82 slots. Specifically, the hand guard 36 defines at least one indentation 140, as shown in
The firearm 10 described herein is designed to permit easy retro-fitting of the components to a variety of currently and/or previously manufactured firearm 10 designs including direct gas impingement systems and indirect gas impingement systems. For example, the firearm 10 components described herein may be retro-fitted to the M16, the M4®, such as the M4® carbine and the AR-15®, such as the AR-15® Platform. A version of the M4®, including a shorter barrel 42 typically associated with the M4®, is shown in
The handle assembly 66, 166 is designed to permit easy retro-fitting of existing firearms 10. For example, the firearm 10 shown in
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that the terminology which has been used is intended to be in the nature of words of description rather than of limitation. Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings, and the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
The subject patent application claims priority to and all the benefits of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/133,624, which was filed on Jul. 1, 2008; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/196,958, which was filed on Oct. 22, 2008; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/211,228, which was filed on Mar. 27, 2009.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61133624 | Jul 2008 | US | |
61196958 | Oct 2008 | US | |
61211228 | Mar 2009 | US |