Patent Grant
11576707
The present disclosure generally relates to sternal fixation. Specifically, the disclosure relates to a fixation assembly for securing parts of a sternum and to a system compromising the fixation assembly.
Various surgical procedures require the surgeon to access the thoracic region of a patient. A known procedure to access the thoracic region is to cut the sternum in two parts and separate these two parts from each other. After completion of the surgical procedure, the separated parts of the sternum are brought back to their initial position and fixed, for example, with a bone plate attached to the sternum parts or a wire tensioned around the circumference of the sternum.
EP 0 597 259 A2 discloses a wound closure element to be looped around a human sternum. The wound closure element comprises a strap which is inserted through and retained by a tightening plate.
U.S. Pat. No. 8,460,295 B2 discloses a sternum repair device including a central body and plurality of bands extending from the central body. The bands may wrap around the sternum to keep the separate sternum parts together. The central body includes a view window which is used by a surgeon to line up the device during installation on the sternum.
WO 2010/042946 A1 discloses a cerclage system including a cable that encircles the sternum parts and a bone plate having channels to receive segments of the cable. The bone plate further includes a pair of locking studs to lock the cable within the channels to the bone plate.
EP 0 608 592 B1 discloses an assembly for banding a sternum. The assembly comprises an elongated flexible band, a needle at one end of the band and a buckle proximate the other end of the band. A main section of the band includes a plurality of spaced slots which can engage at a locking mechanism.
After a surgical procedure such as, for example, a bypass operation has been carried out on a patient and the sternum has been closed using any of the known fixation assemblies, the patient is normally kept under surveillance. If it is detected that the surgical procedure has failed in any manner, it may be desirable for the surgeon to again open the sternum closure. The time required for this sternum opening procedure may be critical for the patient's health and even life. Moreover, a cable or wire tensioned around the sternum parts (so-called “primary closure”) might come loose or brake due to the load applied to the thoracic region of the patient. In such a case, the fixation has to be stabilized by, for example, a bone plate (so-called “secondary closure”)
There is a need for a fixation assembly for securing parts of a sternum that can be attached or separated fast, easily and at low risk for the patient. Furthermore, there is a need for a fixation assembly which provides a high assembly-sternum-construct-stability. Moreover, there is a need for a fixation assembly for securing parts of a sternum that exhibits good surgical results.
Further aspects of the present disclosure are directed to the provision of a fixation assembly and fixation systems that facilitate a rapid healing of a sternum and guarantee a stable configuration of both the fixation system and the sternum parts.
According to one aspect, there is provided a fixation assembly for securing parts of a sternum. The fixation assembly comprises a flexible elongated member and an attachment member. The flexible elongated member includes a locking structure configured to secure the flexible elongated member in a loop around the sternum parts. The attachment member has at least one opening for receiving a bone fastener and the attachment member is coupled to the flexible elongated member.
The attachment member may be formed as an insert in the flexible elongated member. In one realization, the attachment member can be cast in the flexible elongated member. Alternatively, or in addition, the flexible elongated member may have a receiving structure configured to receive the attachment member. The attachment member can be held in the receiving structure by a form fit. For example, the form fit may be realized by a snap fit. The receiving structure may be configured to establish the holding of the attachment member by a snap fit. This may be accomplished with a flexible or elastic protrusion of the receiving structure.
Further, the receiving structure may include at least one opening. The at least one opening of the receiving structure may substantially overlap with the at least one opening of the attachment member. At least a part of the receiving structure may have a thickness which is larger than or substantially equal to a thickness of the flexible elongated member.
In one implementation, the attachment member may include a guiding structure for slideably engaging the flexible elongated member. The guiding structure of the attachment member may be formed as a recess or an opening. The recess or the opening may slideably receive the flexible elongated member. The recess or the opening may have a shape adapted to guide the flexible elongated member in at least one direction.
The attachment member may be adapted to be slided onto the flexible elongated member. Alternatively, or in addition, the attachment member may be adapted to be clamped on the flexible elongated member.
In one realization, the at least one opening of the attachment member may include a locking feature configured to lock a bone fastener to the attachment member. The locking feature may include a threaded portion or one or more lips in a circumferential direction adapted to engage a bone fastener (e.g., a threaded head thereof). Further, the locking feature may engage a threaded head of a bone fastener at a selected angular orientation. The at least one opening of the attachment member may have a multiple thread (e.g., a double thread). Further, the at least one opening of the attachment member may comprise a threaded portion on a bone contacting side of the attachment member and an unthreaded portion on a side opposite to the bone contacting side.
The at least one opening of the attachment member may have a conical, convex or spherical taper which substantially tapers inwardly in a direction toward a bone contacting surface of the attachment member. Thus, at least one opening of the attachment member can be configured to exert a force on the attachment member when a bone fastener is screwed or inserted through the opening into the sternum.
In one implementation, the at least one opening of the attachment member may have an inclined surface onto which a bone fastener is able to slide in a fastening or compression position. The at least one opening of the attachment member may permit a bone fastener to slide laterally or longitudinally with respect to the opening or the attachment member. Further, at least one opening of the attachment member may define a predetermined direction for a bone fastener. The inclined surface may have a predetermined angle with respect to an extension plane of the attachment member. The predetermined angle can be between about 20 and 70 degrees, for example about 40 to 50 degrees (e.g., about 45 degrees).
The at least one opening of the attachment member may be a circular or elongated hole. The elongated hole may be an oblong hole. Further, the elongated hole may extend substantially parallel with respect to a longitudinal direction of the attachment member or of the flexible elongated member. Alternatively, the elongated hole may extend substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the attachment member or of the flexible elongated member.
The opening may have a width in a direction perpendicular to an extension of the flexible elongated member that substantially corresponds to a width of the flexible elongated member at a distance from the opening. In other words, the fixation assembly may have a larger width in a region of the one or more openings compared to a width of the flexible elongated member along most of its extension. In a similar manner, the thickness of the fixation assembly may be larger in a region of the one or more openings compared to a thickness of the flexible elongated member at a distance therefrom.
The attachment member may include multiple openings for receiving bone fasteners. The attachment member may have an opening for receiving a bone fastener substantially perpendicular to bone. In one implementation, the attachment member may include a hole for receiving a bone fastener substantially perpendicular to bone and arranged substantially aligned with an oblong hole along a longitudinal direction of the attachment member or, alternatively, along a line substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the attachment member. Alternatively, or in addition, a hole having a locking feature for engaging a threaded head of a bone fastener at a selected angular orientation may be arranged on the attachment member substantially aligned with an elongated hole along a longitudinal direction of the attachment member or along a line which is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the attachment member.
The attachment member may comprise an alternate arrangement of holes (locking holes) having a locking feature for locking a bone fastener to the attachment member and elongated (or oblong) holes. For example, the first and third holes of a first section of the attachment member and the second and fourth holes of a second section of the attachment member may be elongated holes and/or the second and fourth holes of the first section of the attachment member and the first and the second holes of the second section of the attachment member may be holes having a locking feature for locking a bone fastener to the attachment member. Alternatively, or in addition, the locking holes may receive a bone fastener substantially perpendicular to bone.
The at least one opening of the attachment member may have a central axis which is oblique relative a vertical axis of the attachment member, e.g. of an extension plane thereof. An angle defined between the central axis and the vertical axis can be approximately between 0° and 60°. Alternatively, the at least one opening of the attachment member may be oblique relative to an upper surface (e.g., a side opposite a bone contacting side) or lower surface (e.g., a bone contacting side) of the attachment member.
In one realization, the attachment member may be configured to be cut with a surgical tool. The attachment member may define at least one cutting line or cutting edge. Thus, the attachment member can be adapted in its shape and dimensions. Further, the number of openings of the attachment member can be adapted by cutting or trimming the attachment member. The surgical tool may be a cutting device, e.g., a plier or surgical scissor.
In one implementation, each of the flexible elongated member and the attachment member may define a width in a transverse direction thereof. The width of the attachment member may be larger than a substantially equal to the width of the flexible elongated member. Each of the flexible elongated member and the attachment member may have a thickness. The thickness of the attachment member may be larger than a substantially equal to the thickness of a flexible elongated member.
A longitudinal orientation (or longitudinal direction) of the attachment member can be substantial along a longitudinal direction of the flexible elongated member or can be substantially perpendicular thereto. The attachment member may have an undulating outer contour. Thus, an outer peripheral surface of the attachment member may have an undulating shape, such that the attachment member can have a waisted shape. Alternatively, or in addition, the attachment member may have a straight outer contour. Further, in one realization, the attachment member may have at least one extension element or arm extending from a central body of the attachment member. For example, the attachment member may have two, three or four arms extending therefrom.
In one implementation, the locking structure of the flexible elongated member may be arranged at or near one end of the flexible elongated member. The locking structure of the flexible elongated member may include a latching mechanism configured to lock the flexible elongated member in a loop configuration.
Further, the flexible elongated member can include teeth, barbs or claws arranged along a longitudinal direction of the flexible elongated member and lockable with the latching mechanism. The teeth, barbs or claws may be arranged on a side opposite a bone contacting side of the flexible elongated member. Alternatively, or in addition, the teeth, barbs or claws can be arranged on one or more lateral surfaces of the flexible elongated member.
Alternatively or, in addition, the flexible elongated member may include at least one opening or slot which is configured to engage at the locking structure of the flexible elongated member (i.e., which are lockable with the latching mechanism). Thus, the flexible elongated member may include at least one opening or slot which is lockable with the latching mechanism. The flexible elongated member may include a plurality of such openings or slots. The openings or slots may be arranged along a longitudinal direction of the flexible elongated member. The openings or slots may be arranged at a main (middle) portion or an end portion of the flexible elongated member. In one implementation, the openings or slots can be arranged at an end portion opposite or proximate the end having the locking structure of the flexible elongated member.
The latching mechanism can include at least one pawl, serration or lip, which is configured to engage the teeth, barbs or claws of the flexible elongated member such that, once snapped in place, the corresponding tooth, barb claw will not be able to back out. Alternatively or, in addition, the latching mechanism may include at least one pawl, serration or lip which is configured to engage on the at least one opening or slot of the flexible elongated member such that, once snapped in place, the corresponding opening or slot will not be able to back out.
Further, the latching mechanism may include a through opening configured to receive a part of the flexible elongated member. An inner surface of the through opening of the latching mechanism can include the at least one pawl, serration or lip.
In one realization, the flexible elongated member may include a needle or a hook at an end thereof. The needle or hook may substantially be rigid (e.g., in comparison to the flexible elongated member). The locking structure of the flexible elongated member can be arranged at an end of the flexible elongated member opposite to the end at which the needle or hook is arranged. The needle or hook may therefore be arranged at one end of the flexible elongated member and the locking structure may be arranged proximate at the other end of the flexible elongated member. Furthermore, the end of the flexible elongated member including a needle or hook is configured to be inserted through the through opening of the latching mechanism.
The needle or hook may define a width in a transverse direction thereof. The width of the needle or hook may be smaller than a width of the flexible elongated member. Alternatively, the width of the needle or hook can be substantially equal to the width of the flexible elongated member. Further, the needle or hook may have a thickness. The thickness of the needle or hook may be smaller than a thickness of the flexible elongated member. Alternatively, the thickness of the needle or hook can be substantially equal to the thickness of the flexible elongated member. The needle or hook may have a pointed end, a sharp end, a tip end or a blunt end.
The flexible elongated member may have a predetermined breaking line or perforation or, alternatively, a predetermined cutting line or perforation. The breaking or cutting line/perforation may be arranged near one end of the flexible elongated member. Thus, the breaking or cutting line/perforation may be arranged near the needle or hook shaped end of the flexible elongated member.
The flexible elongated member and the attachment member may be integrally formed. In other words, the flexible elongated member and the attachment member may be formed from one piece. Alternatively, the flexible elongated member and the attachment member can be separate parts from each other.
The flexible elongated member can be made from at least one of titanium, an alloy of titanium, stainless steel, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and a resorbable material. Further, the attachment member may be made from at least one of titanium, an alloy of titanium, stainless steel, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and a resorbable material.
The flexible elongated member or the attachment member can be made from a biocompatible material, for example, a biocompatible metal.
The flexible elongated member may be a band, cable, wire or cerclage. Alternatively, the flexible elongated member can be a strap or a ribbon. In one implementation, the flexible elongated member can be formed as a zip tie.
The attachment member can be formed as a bone plate. Alternatively, the attachment member can be formed as a mash.
At least a part of the flexible elongated member or at least a part of the attachment member can be pre-formed. Thus, the flexible elongated member or the attachment member may have a shape that substantially conforms with the sternum. Alternatively, or in addition, at least a part of the flexible elongated member or at least a part of the attachment member may be pre-bent flexible. This flexibility may allow the fixation assembly to flex about an axis in its extension plane. Alternatively, or in addition, a surface (e.g., a lower surface) of the flexible elongated member or of the attachment member may have a profile that substantially conforms with the sternum. This profile may have a concave appearance or shape. Furthermore, this profile or pre-forming may be made generic or patient specific, for example by adapting the shape of the profile or the pre-form based on a computed tomographic (CT) scan of the sternum of a patient.
In one realization, the attachment member may include at least one bridge configured to be cut with a surgical tool. The surgical tool may be a cutting device, a plier or surgical scissor.
The attachment member may include a first section configured to be secured to the sternum and a second section configured to be secured to the sternum. Thus, the first section of the attachment member can be secured to a first sternum part and the second section of the attachment member can be secured to a second sternum part. Each of the first section and the second section may have at least one opening for receiving a bone fastener. The at least one opening can be configured as generally described above or hereinafter.
The at least one bridge may be configured to connect the first and second section of the attachment member to each other. In one implementation, the attachment member may include multiple bridges. At least two bridges can be arranged parallel to each other.
According to a further aspect, there is provided a fixation system for securing parts of a sternum, comprising a fixation assembly as generally described above and hereinafter and at least one bone fastener. The at least one bone fastener may be a locking screw, a cortical screw, a compression screw or a bone peg. The at least one bone fastener may be a bone screw with a threaded head for (e.g., monoaxial or polyaxial) engagement of the locking feature of the at least one opening of the attachment member at a desired angle. The system may further comprise a surgical tool for cutting the attachment member or the at least one bridge of the attachment member.
According to a further aspect, there is provided a fixation system for securing parts of a sternum, comprising a fixation assembly as generally described above and hereinafter and a further attachment member.
In the above aspect, the further attachment member can be formed as a bone plate. Alternatively, the further attachment member can be formed as a mesh.
The further attachment member may be configured and defined as the attachment member of the fixation assembly as generally described above and hereinafter.
The further attachment member can be made from at least one of titanium, an alloy of titanium, stainless steel, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and a resorbable material.
Moreover, the further attachment member may include at least one opening for receiving a bone fastener. The at least one opening of the further attachment member can include a locking feature configured to lock a bone fastener to the further attachment member. The locking feature can include a threaded portion or one or more lips in a circumferential direction adapted to engage a bone fastener (e.g., a threaded head thereof). Further, the locking feature may engage a threaded head of a bone fastener at a selected angular orientation. The at least one opening of the further attachment member may have a multiple thread (e.g., a double thread). Moreover, the at least one opening of the further attachment member may comprise a threaded portion on a bone facing side of the further attachment member and an unthreaded portion on a side opposite to the bone facing side.
In one implementation, the at least one opening of the further attachment member may have a conical, convex or spherical taper which substantially tapers inwardly in a direction toward a bone facing surface of the further attachment member.
The at least one opening of the further attachment member can be a circular or elongated hole. In one realization, the further attachment member may include multiple openings for receiving bone fasteners.
Moreover, the at least one opening of the further attachment member may have an inclined surface onto which a bone fastener is able to slide in a fastening or compression position. The at least one opening of the further attachment member may permit a bone fastener to slide laterally or longitudinally with respect to the opening or the further attachment member. Moreover, at least one opening of the further attachment member may define a predetermined direction for a bone fastener. The inclined surface may have a predetermined angle with respect to an extension plane of the further attachment member. The predetermined angle can be between about 20 and 70 degrees, for example about 40 to 50 degrees (e.g., about 45 degrees).
The at least one opening of the further attachment member may have a central axis which is oblique relative a vertical axis of the further attachment member, e.g. of an extension plane thereof. An angle defined between the central axis and the vertical axis can be approximately between 0° and 60°. Alternatively, the at least one opening of the further attachment member may be oblique relative to an upper surface (e.g., a side opposite a bone facing side) or lower surface (e.g., a bone facing side) of the further attachment member.
The further attachment member may be configured to be cut with a surgical tool, e.g., with a cutting device, a plier or surgical scissor.
In one implementation, the further attachment member may include a receiving structure configured to receive at least a part of the fixation assembly (e.g., a part of the flexible elongated member or a part of the attachment member). The receiving structure of the further attachment member can be arranged on a bone facing side of the further attachment member. Moreover, the receiving structure of the further attachment member may be a recess, an opening or a groove. The receiving structure may extend substantially along a longitudinal axis of the further attachment member or substantially perpendicular thereto. Thus, the receiving structure may extend substantially in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the flexible elongated member. Further, the receiving structure of the further attachment member may be arranged at a central portion of the further attachment member. The receiving structure of the further attachment member may be configured to receive a surgical wire (e.g., a Kirschner wire, K-wire).
Alternatively, or in addition, the further attachment member may include at least one recess configured to receive a surgical wire, such as a Kirschner wire (K-wire). The at least one recess can be arranged on a bone facing side of the further attachment member. Moreover, the at least one recess may be formed as an opening or a groove. The recess can be substantially O-, U- or V-shaped in cross-section. The at least one recess for receiving a surgical wire may extend substantially along a longitudinal axis of the further attachment member or substantially perpendicular thereto. Thus, the recess may extend substantially in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the flexible elongated member. Further, the at least one recess for receiving a surgical wire may be arranged at a central (middle) portion or at an outer portion (e.g. at an arm or section extending from the central portion) of the further attachment member.
The further attachment member may include at least one bridge configured to be cut with a surgical tool.
In one realization, the further attachment member can include a first section configured to be secured to the sternum, e.g., to a first sternum part, and a second section configured to be secured to the sternum, e.g., to a second sternum part. Each of the first section and the second section of the further attachment member may have at least one opening for receiving a bone fastener. The at least one opening of the first or second section may be configured and defined as the at least one opening of the attachment member of the fixation assembly as generally described and defined above and hereinafter. The at least one bridge of the further attachment member can be configured to connect the first and second section to each other.
In one realization, the further attachment member may include multiple bridges. At least two bridges can be arranged parallel to each other. In one implementation, the at least one bridge of the attachment member of the fixation assembly may substantially overlap with the at least one bridge of the further attachment member. Thus, the at least one bridge of the attachment member of the fixation assembly and the at least one bridge of the further attachment member can be cut with a surgical tool within one single cutting step.
In the aspect described above, the fixation system may further comprise at least one bone fastener. The at least one bone fastener may be configured to fasten the further attachment member to the fixation assembly and/or to bone. The at least one bone fastener may be a bone screw with a threaded head for (e.g., monoaxial or polyaxial) engagement of the locking feature of the at least one opening of the further attachment member and/or the locking feature of the at least one opening of the attachment member of the fixation assembly. Moreover, the at least one bone fastener may be a locking screw, a cortical screw, a compression screw or a bone peg. The system may further comprise a surgical tool for cutting the further attachment member or the at least one bridge of the further attachment member.
The above and other features, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
In the following, embodiments of a fixation assembly and a fixation system for securing parts of a sternum will be described. The same reference numerals will be used to denote the same or similar structural features.
Referring to
The flexible elongated member 12 is, as shown in
As can be seen in
The flexible elongated member 12 further includes teeth 22. Alternatively, the flexible elongated member 12 includes barbs or claws. The teeth 22 of the flexible elongated member 12 are arranged along a longitudinal direction of the flexible elongated member 12 and are lockable with the latching mechanism. The teeth 22 are positioned on a side 24 opposite a bone contacting side 26 of the flexible elongated member 12. Thus, the teeth 22 of the flexible elongated member 12 do not interfere or infringe surrounding tissue or bone.
The other end of the flexible elongated member 12 (on the left side in
As shown in
As can be seen in
Further, the attachment member 14 includes a first section 32 configured to be secured to the sternum and a second section 34 configured to be secured to the sternum. The first section 32 can thus be secured to a first sternum part and the second section can be secured to a second sternum part, e.g., separated from the first sternum part. As shown in
Further, at least two, in the present embodiment all, bridges 30 are arranged parallel to each other. As can be seen in
Referring to
A cone angle of the taper 38 of each of the openings 36 of the attachment member 14 may generally be between 1 degree and 80 degrees, and is approximately 45 degrees in the present embodiment. Thus, each opening 36 of the attachment member 14 is, on the one hand, adapted to slidingly receive bone fasteners (such as sliding or compression screws), and, on the other hand, adapted to receive a locking screw or a cortical screw. In case of a locking screw, a threaded head thereof mates with the locking feature 40 of the opening 36 for providing an angularly stable locking engagement therebetween at a pre-defined angle (i.e., monoaxially).
As shown in
In the present embodiment, each of the openings 36 of the attachment member 14 includes a locking feature 40. The locking feature 40 is configured to lock a bone fastener (not shown in
As shown in
Each of the flexible elongated member 12 and the attachment member 14 has a thickness as shown in
The locking structure 16 of the flexible elongated member 12 has a thickness greater than the thickness of the flexible elongated member 12. Further, the locking structure 16 extends from the bone contacting side 26 away from the flexible elongated member 12. The pawl 20 is arranged within the locking structure 16 and extends from the inner surface of the through opening 18 of the latching mechanism inwardly into the through opening 18 as shown in
The teeth 22 of the flexible elongated member 12 are arranged on side 24 opposite to the bone contacting side 26. Further, the teeth 22 extend substantially away from the side 24 of the flexible elongated member 12 in a direction substantially toward the locking structure 16. Thus, each tooth 22 defines an angle with respect to the (upper) side 24 of the flexible elongated member 12. This angle can be between 1 degree and 90 degrees, and is preferably substantially 45 degrees. Therefore, each tooth 22 can interlock with the pawl 20 of the locking structure 16 to hold the fixation assembly around the sternum in a closed loop.
Referring to
In the present embodiment, the teeth 22 are arranged on a lateral surfaces, i.e., the side surfaces, of the flexible elongated member 12 as shown in
Referring to
The fixation assembly 44 includes the flexible elongated member 12 and the attachment member 14 and their configurations as described with reference to and as shown in
In the present embodiment, the attachment member 14 has multiple circular and elongated holes 36, e.g., four circular holes and four elongated holes. Each circular hole 36 includes a locking feature 40 and a taper 38 and is configured as generally described above with reference to and as shown in
As shown in
The attachment member 14 further includes in a central portion thereof a recess 46. The recess 46 has a substantially rectangular form. Alternatively, the recess 46 may have a circular or triangular form. Further, the recess 46 is used as a window for aligning the fixation assembly 42 correctly on the sternum by allowing a surgeon to view through the recess 46. Thus, the cutting line of the two sternum parts can be seen through recess 46 of the attachment member 14 which is then probably aligned on the two sternum parts.
Referring to
The fixation assembly 48 of the present embodiment includes the flexible elongated member 12 as configured and described with reference to and as shown in
As shown in
The attachment member 14 as shown in
The attachment member 14 is, in the present embodiment, held in the receiving structure 50 by a from fit. The receiving structure 50 is configured to establish the holding of the attachment member 14 by a snap fit. This may be accomplished with a flexible or elatiscal protrusion (not shown in
Once the attachment member 14 in form of the insert is inserted in the receiving structure 50 of the flexible elongated member 12, the openings 52 of the receiving structure 50 substantially overlap with the openings 36 of the attachment member 14. Thus, a bone fastener can be inserted through the openings 36 of the attachment member 14 into bone.
As can be seen in
In the present embodiment, the attachment member 14 includes multiple openings 36 for receiving bone fasteners. As shown in
As shown in
The difference between the attachment member 14 of the present embodiment shown in
The guiding structure 58 of the attachment member 14 may have different forms, e.g., as shown in
In the embodiment shown in
The difference between the fixation assembly 64 shown in
The attachment member 14 formed as a mesh includes at least one or multiple openings 36 for receiving bone fasteners. In the present embodiment, the attachment member 14 includes five openings 36. These openings 36 of the attachment member 14 are substantially arranged along the longitudinal axis (direction) of the attachment member 14. Further, each of the opening 36 includes a locking feature 40 and a taper 38 as generally described above with reference to
Each of the bridges 30 of the mesh of the attachment member 14 is configured to be cut with a surgical tool, such as a plier or a cutting device. Further, each of the bridges 30 may also have the configuration as generally described above with reference to and as shown in
The further attachment member 68 is formed as a bone plate. Alternatively, the further attachment member 68 may be formed as a mesh, e.g., a mesh as generally described with reference to and as shown in
As can be seen from
Moreover, each of the openings 36 of the further attachment member 68 has a conical, convex or spherical taper 38 which substantially tapers inwardly in a direction toward a bone facing surface of the further attachment member 68. The bone facing surface is a surface of the further attachment member 68 which faces toward bone. Thus, the bone facing surface of the further attachment member 68 substantially corresponds to a bone contacting surface. Further, each of the openings 36 of the further attachment member 68 may have an inclined surface (e.g., taper 38) onto which a bone fastener is able to slide in a fastening or compression position. The taper 38 may form a countersink. Moreover, the taper 38 may extend over the full circumference of the opening 36. Alternatively, the taper 38 may extend over an arc segment of the circumference of the opening 36. The taper 38 or the inclined surface 38 may be configured to receive a curved-shaped head of a bone fastener. As can be seen from
In the present embodiment as shown in
As shown in
As can be seen in
The further attachment member 68 further includes a receiving structure (not shown in
The shaft 74 of the bone fastener 70 has a thread for engaging bone (e.g., a cancellous thread). In the present embodiment, the bone fastener 70 is formed as a locking screw. Alternatively, the bone fastener can be a cortical screw, a compression screw or a bone peg.
A fixation system for securing parts of a sternum may comprise a fixation assembly as previously described with reference to
As shown in
As can be seen from
As can be seen from
Alternatively, or in addition, the fixation system 76 may comprise a surgical tool for cutting the bridges 30, the further attachment member 68 and/or the attachment member 14. The surgical tool can be a cutting device, a plier or surgical scissor.
The two sternum parts that had been separated by a bone cut have been brought back to their initial position and secured by the fixation assembly 64. The fixation assembly 64 is firstly looped around the two sternum parts. Then, the attachment member 14 is properly aligned on the two sternum parts. The fixation assembly 64 is then tightened by inserting the needle shaped end of the flexible elongated member 12 through the through opening 18 of the locking structure 16 of the fixation assembly 64. Then, the fixation assembly 64 is fixed by locking the teeth 22 of the flexible elongated member 12 of the fixation assembly 64 to the locking structure 16 of the fixation assembly 64. If necessary, the attachment member 14 of the fixation assembly 64 is fixed to the sternum parts by inserting bone fasteners 70 through the openings 36 of the attachment member 14 of the fixation assembly 64. Alternatively, or in addition, the further attachment member 68 is placed on top of the fixation assembly 64 as shown in
During a period of coughing, a force acting on sternum 78 in a lateral direction thereof may be up to 1500 Newton (N). It is therefore desired to maintain the initial secured relative orientation of the sternum parts, even when the sternum 78 is subjected to forces of this magnitude.
The closed configuration of the fixation assembly prevents relative displacement of the sternum parts in the lateral direction of the sternum 78 due to the flexible elongated member 12 looped around the sternum parts and, if necessary, also due to the attachment member 14 of the fixation assembly and/or the further attachment member 68 fixed to the sternum 78 by bone fasteners 70. The fixation assembly and the further attachment member hold the two sternum parts in an abutting relationship. By the provision of openings 36 configured as elongated holes, inclined holes or holes having an inclined surface or taper onto which a bone fastener is able to slide in a fastening or compression position, the sternum parts can be additionally compressed in the lateral direction upon tightening the associated bone fasteners.
Referring to
As can be seen in
The thread of the head 72 of bone faster 70 is configured to engage on the circumferential lip 88 which has roughly the cross-sectional shape of a triangle. The bone fastener 70 can thus be polyaxially inserted through the locking screw hole 36, wherein the bone fastener 70 lockingly engages the circumferential lip 88.
Referring to
The sliding screw hole 36 includes a lower cylindrical hole portion 82 on the bone contacting side of the attachment member and an upper cylindrical hole portion 84 on the side opposite to the bone contacting side. In the present embodiment, the upper cylindrical hole portion 84 extends over an arc segment of the circumference of the sliding screw hole 36 as shown in
The lower cylindrical hole portion 82 may include the locking feature 40 as generally described above. Thus, the lower cylindrical hole portion 82 may have a thread 40 or circumferential lip 88 configured to engage on a thread head 72 of a bone fastener 70 (not shown in
A middle portion 86 is arranged between the upper and lower cylindrical hole portion 82, 84. The middle portion 86 includes a taper which substantially tapers inwardly in a direction toward a bone contacting surface of the attachment member in a conical fashion. In the present embodiment, the middle portion 86 also extends over an arc segment of the circumference of the sliding screw hole 36 as shown in
The sliding screw hole 36 further includes an inclined surface 38 onto which a bone fastener 70 is able to slide in a fastening or compression position. Thus, the sliding screw hole 36 may permit a bone fastener 70 to slide laterally or longitudinally with respect to the sliding screw hole 36. Further, the sliding screw hole 36 may define a predetermined direction for a bone fastener 70. The inclined surface 38 has a predetermined angle with respect to an extension plane of the attachment member or with respect to the central axis of the sliding screw hole 36. The predetermined angle can be between about 20 and 70 degrees, for example about 40 to 50 degrees, and is, in the present embodiment, about 45 degrees. Moreover, the inclined surface 38 extends over an arc segment of the circumference of the sliding screw hole 36. Alternatively, the inclined surface 38 may extend over the full circumference of the sliding screw hole 36. The sliding screw hole 36 may include two or more inclined surfaces 38 onto which a bone fastener 70 is able to slide in a fastening or compression position. One inclined surface 38 may be arranged within sliding screw hole 36 opposite a further inclined surface 38. Thus, two inclined surfaces 38 may be arranged facing each other. The inclined surface 38 is configured to receive a curved or conical shaped head of a bone fastener 70. The bone fastener 70 may be a sliding screw, e.g., a compression screw.
Thus, a bone fastener 70 is able to slide (e.g., laterally or longitudinally) on the inclined surface 38 in a fastening or compression position. The sliding screw hole 36 is thus configured to exert a force on the attachment member when a bone fastener 70 is screwed or inserted through the sliding screw hole 36 into the sternum. Once, a bone fastener 70 in form of a locking screw inserted through the sliding screw hole 36 has reached a fastening position, the threaded head 72 of locking screw 70 lockingly engages the locking feature 40 (e.g., a thread or circumferential lip) of the lower cylindrical hole portion 82 of the sliding screw hole 36. Alternatively, when a bone fastener 70 in form of a sliding or compression screw inserted through the sliding screw hole 36 has reached a compression position, the conical or curved head of bone fastener 70 abuts against the taper of the middle portion 86 of the sliding screw hole 36.
As described above, each of the first and second section 32, 34 of the attachment member 14 or the further attachment member 68 may include an opening 36 for receiving a bone fastener (e.g., a sliding screw hole 36 as described above with reference to and as shown in
In one implementation, the sliding screw holes 36 of the first and second section 32, 34 may be arranged mirror-inverted with respect to a mirror axis. The mirror axis can be defined by the longitudinal axis of the attachment member 14, 68 or a line substantially perpendicular thereto. Thus, the mirror axis may extend substantially along a cutting line of the sternum halves.
Consequently, a bone fastener 70 is able to slide on the inclined surface 38 of one of the sliding screw hole 36 substantially in a direction towards the cutting line of the sternum halves in a fastening or compression position. Thereby, the sternum halves are compressed to each other. The sliding screw hole 36 is thus configured to exert a force on the attachment member and therewith on the two sternum halves when a bone fastener 70 is screwed or inserted through the sliding screw hole 36 into the sternum.
The flexible elongated member 12 and attachment member 14 of the fixation assemblies and/or the further attachment member as described above, can be adapted to different sternum applications and may thus have different holes and a different shape. Thus, the flexible elongated member and the attachment members can be adapted as needed (e.g., in terms of shape, length, width, thickness, etc.) for use in orthopedic surgery for fixation of sternum bone, in particular, for securing at least two parts of a sternum together. Further, while many of the openings shown herein are circular, they could be elongated as well.
While the bone fasteners as described and shown herein are formed as locking screws, the bone fasteners can be of any type (e.g., cortical screws, compression screws, sliding screws, bone pegs, guide bushings, any kind of blade or wire-like fasteners) and can be adapted to different applications as needed. The bone fasteners may thus have different diameters, length, shapes or threads. Further, the fasteners and the implants described above can generally be made of stainless steel, titanium or any other biocompatible material.
While the above embodiments have exemplary been described in relation to bone screws, bone plates and meshes, it will be readily apparent that the techniques presented herein can also be implemented in combination with other types of bone fasteners (such as bone pegs having a rod-like or pin-like shaft, wire-like bone fasteners, etc.) as well as other types of implants (such as nails, bone distractors, etc.). Accordingly, the present disclosure is not limited to any type of bone fastener or any type of implant.
The features described in the above description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings can be readily combined to result in different embodiments. It will thus be apparent that the present disclosure may be varied in many ways. Hence, any described features may be used in all possible combinations. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the scope of the disclosure, and all modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/895,163, filed on Dec. 1, 2015, which is a national phase entry under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2013/066408 filed Aug. 5, 2013, published in English, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/845,024 filed Jul. 11, 2013, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 14895163 | US | |
| Child | 16571826 | US |
