FIXED FOCAL LENGTH LENS SYSTEM

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a lens system, and more particularly to a fixed focal length lens system.

2. Description of the Related Art

Recently, the popularity of smaller and lighter digital cameras has increased dramatically. As a result, design for smaller and lighter optical lens systems for digital cameras has also grown. Lens systems can be classified into fixed focal length lens systems and zoom lens systems. Fixed focal length lens systems provide improved image quality with a relatively simpler structure and lower cost.

Although fixed focal length lens systems are well developed, cost, length and image quality thereof still require further improvement.

Therefore, a goal for digital camera designers is to provide a digital camera with improved image quality, lower cost and a shorter focal length lens.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A detailed description is given in the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a fixed focal length lens system to reduce cost and improve image quality.

The invention provides a fixed focal length lens system comprising a first lens unit and a second lens unit. The first lens unit comprises a plastic minus lens, wherein the first lens unit has a negative diopter, and the plastic minus lens comprises at least one non-spherical surface. The second lens unit comprises a plastic plus lens, wherein the second lens unit has a positive diopter, and the plastic plus lens comprises at least one non-spherical surface. The first lens unit and the second lens unit are aligned from an object side to an image side on an optical axis. The fixed focal length lens system satisfies the equation: −1<2 Gf/1 Gf<0, wherein 1 Gf is a focal length of the first lens unit, and 2 Gf is a focal length of the second lens unit.

The first lens unit further comprises an end plus lens located on the image side of the plastic minus lens. The first lens unit satisfies the equation: −0.5<(C1 f/L3 f)<0.5, wherein C1 f is a focal length of the plastic minus lens without a focal length of the end plus lens, and L3 f is a focal length of the end plus lens.

The first lens unit further comprises an object plus lens and an end plus lens located on two sides of the plastic minus lens. The first lens unit satisfies the equation: −0.5<(C1 f/L3 f)<0.5, wherein C1 f is a focal length of the plastic minus lens without a focal length of the end plus lens, which is a combination of a focal length of the object plus lens and the plastic minus lens, and L3 f is a focal length of the end plus lens.

The second lens unit comprises a central plus lens and an image minus lens, wherein the central plus lens is located between the plastic plus lens and the image minus lens. The second lens unit satisfies the equation: −1.5<(L5 f/L6 f)<−0.5, wherein L5 f is a focal length of the central plus lens, and L6 f is a focal length of the image minus lens.

The fixed focal length lens system further comprises an aperture raster located between the first lens unit and the second lens unit. The fixed focal length lens system further comprises a filter located between the second lens unit and the image end.

The invention provides another fixed focal length lens system comprising a first lens unit and a second lens unit aligned from an object side to an image side on an optical axis. The first lens unit has a negative diopter, and the second lens unit has a positive diopter. The first lens unit comprises a second minus lens and a third plus lens aligned from the object side to the image side. The second lens unit comprises a fourth plus lens, a fifth plus lens and the sixth minus lens aligned from the object side to the image side. The fixed focal length lens system satisfies the equation: −1<2 Gf/1 Gf<0, wherein 1 Gf is a focal length of the first lens unit, and 2 Gf is a focal length of the second lens unit.

The invention provides another fixed focal length lens system comprising a first lens unit and a second lens unit aligned from an object side to an image side on an optical axis. The first lens unit has a negative diopter, and the second lens unit has a positive diopter. The first lens unit comprises a first plus lens, a second minus lens and a third plus lens aligned from the object side to the image side. The second lens unit comprises a fourth plus lens, a fifth plus lens and the sixth minus lens aligned from the object side to the image side. The fixed focal length lens system satisfies the equation: −1<2 Gf/1 Gf<0 wherein 1 Gf is a focal length of the first lens unit, and 2 Gf is a focal length of the second lens unit.

The second minus lens is a plastic minus lens comprising at least one non-spherical surface. The fourth plus lens is a plastic plus lens comprising at least one non-spherical surface. The first lens unit satisfies the equation: −0.5<(C1 f/L3 f)<0.5 wherein C1 f is a focal length of the plastic minus lens without a focal length of the end plus lens, and L3 f is a focal length of the end plus lens. The second lens unit satisfies the equation: −1.5<(L5 f/L6 f)<−0.5, wherein L5 f is a focal length of the central plus lens, and L6 f is a focal length of the image minus lens.

The invention shares tolerance sensitivity between lenses, and utilizes plastic non-spherical lenses to decrease cost and improve image quality. Additionally, the invention deceases length of the fixed focal length lens system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention can be more fully understood by reading the subsequent detailed description and examples with references made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2A is Field Curvature diagram of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2B is Distortion diagrams of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 3A to 3F are ray fan diagrams of the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 shows vertical aberration of the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a through focus MTF diagram of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 shows a fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7A is Field Curvature diagram of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7B is Distortion diagrams of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 8A to 8F are ray fan diagrams of the second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 shows vertical aberration of the second embodiment of the invention; and

FIGS. 10A and 10B are through focus MTF diagrams of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following description is of the best-contemplated mode of carrying out the invention. This description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the invention is best determined by reference to the appended claims.

The invention shares tolerance sensitivity between lenses, and utilizes plastic non-spherical lenses to decrease cost. The optical parameter and lens material of the invention can be modified.

The invention provides a fixed focal length lens system comprising a first lens unit and a second lens unit aligned from an object side to an image side on an optical axis. When the fixed focal length lens system is disposed in a camera, an optical sensing element is located on the image side. The first lens unit comprises a plastic minus lens, wherein the first lens unit has a negative diopter, and the plastic minus lens comprises at least one non-spherical surface. The second lens unit comprises a plastic plus lens, wherein the second lens unit has a positive diopter, the plastic plus lens comprises at least one non-spherical surface.

The fixed focal length lens system of the invention satisfies the equation:

−1<2 Gf/1 Gf<0 (1), wherein

1 Gf is a focal length of the first lens unit, and 2 Gf is a focal length of the second lens unit.

The first lens unit further comprises an end plus lens located on the image side of the plastic minus lens. The first lens unit satisfies the equation:

−0.5<(C1 f/L3 f)<0.5 (2), wherein

C1 f is a focal length of the plastic minus lens without a focal length of the end plus lens, and L3 f is a focal length of the end plus lens.

Additionally, in a modified embodiment, the first lens unit further comprises an object plus lens disposed on the object side of the plastic minus lens. The first lens unit satisfies formula (2), wherein C1 f is a combination of a focal length of the object plus lens and the plastic minus lens, and L3 f is a focal length of the end plus lens.

The second lens unit comprises a central plus lens and an image minus lens, and the central plus lens is located between the plastic plus lens and the image minus lens. The second lens unit satisfies the equation:

−1.5<(L5 f/L6 f)<−0.5 (3), wherein

L5 f is a focal length of the central plus lens, and L6 f is a focal length of the image minus lens.

The detailed structure of the fixed focal length lens system is disclosed in the following description. FIG. 1 shows a fixed focal length lens system 100 of the first embodiment of the invention. The fixed focal length lens system 100 comprises a first lens unit 110 and a second lens unit 120 aligned from an object side 160 to an image side 150 on an optical axis 170. The first lens unit 110 has a negative diopter, and the second lens unit 120 has a positive diopter. Each of the first lens unit 110 and the second lens unit 120 comprises three lenses. The lenses are named following an order from the object side 160 to the image side 150 to define the positions thereof.

The first lens unit 110 comprises a first plus lens 112, a second minus lens 114 and a third plus lens 116 aligned from the object side 160 to the image side 150. The first plus lens 112 is the object plus lens, the second minus lens 114 is the plastic minus lens, and the third plus lens 116 is the end plus lens.

The second lens unit 120 comprises a fourth plus lens 122, a fifth plus lens 124 and the sixth minus lens 126 aligned from the object side 160 to the image side 150. The fourth plus lens 122 is the plastic plus lens, the fifth plus lens 124 is the central plus lens, and the sixth minus lens 126 is the image minus lens.

The first lens unit 110 and the second lens unit 120 satisfy formula (1) to share tolerance sensitivity therebetween. The first lens unit 110 reduces chromatism by plus-minus-plus lens alignment, wherein the second minus lens 114 is a non-spherical lens to reduce aberration. Focal lengths of the lenses 112, 114 and 116 of the first lens unit 110 satisfy formula (2). The fifth plus lens 124 corresponds to the sixth minus lens 126 to reduce aberration. Focal lengths of the fifth plus lens 124 and the sixth minus lens 126 satisfy formula (3).

The fixed focal length lens system 100 further comprises an aperture raster 130 located between the first lens unit 110 and the second lens unit 120. The fixed focal length lens system 100 further comprises a filter 140 located between the second lens unit 120 and the image end.

To show the advantages of the fixed focal length lens system 100, an embodiment is disclosed with optical parameters and optical character charts thereof.

With reference to FIG. 6, a second embodiment of the fixed focal length lens system 100 is provides to describe relationships between the lenses of the invention. The fixed focal length lens system 100 comprises a first lens unit 110 and a second lens unit 120 aligned from an object side 160 to an image side 150 on an optical axis 170. The first lens unit 110 has a negative diopter, and the second lens unit 120 has a positive diopter. The first lens unit 110 comprises two lenses, and the second lens unit 120 comprises three lenses. The lenses are named following an order from the object side 160 to the image side 150 to define the positions thereof.

The first lens unit 110 comprises a second minus lens 114 and a third plus lens 116 aligned from the object side 160 to the image side 150. The second minus lens 114 is the plastic minus lens, and the third plus lens 116 is the end plus lens.

The first lens unit 110 and the second les unit 120 satisfy formula (1) to share tolerance sensitivity therebetween. The first lens unit 110 reduces chromatism by a plus-minus-plus lens alignment, wherein the second minus lens 114 is a non-spherical lens to reduce aberration. Focal lengths of the lenses 114 and 116 of the first lens unit 110 satisfy formula (2). The fifth plus lens 124 corresponds to the sixth minus lens 126 to reduce aberration. Focal lengths of the fifth plus lens 124 and the sixth minus lens 126 satisfy formula (3).

To show the advantage of the fixed focal length lens system 100, the above two embodiments are disclosed in the following description with optical parameters and optical character charts thereof.

Table 1 shows parameters of the first lens unit and the second lens unit of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment, wherein S11 and S12 are object surface and image surface of the first plus lens, S21 and S22 are object surface and image surface of the second minus lens, S31 and S32 are object surface and image surface of the third plus lens, S41 and S42 are object surface and image surface of the fourth plus lens, S51 and S52 are object surface and image surface of the fifth plus lens, S61 and S62 are object surface and image surface of the sixth minus lens, STO is aperture raster 130, and FS1 and FS2 are two surfaces of the filter 140.

TABLE 1

Refractive
Abbe

Assign
Curvature
Thickness
index
number
Conic

number
radius (mm)
(mm)
(Nd)
(Vd)
coefficient

S11
−172.22
1.5
1.497
81.6

S12
−19.42
0.2

S21
45.58
0.8
1.514648
56.963513
−37.36002

S22
3.86
1

−0.110222

S31
5.76
1.2
1.51742
52.1

S32
6.38
3.2

STO.
INF.
0.8

S41
17.6
1.8
1.514648
56.963513
−5.175289

S42
−6.02
0.2

−12.14287

S51
5.72
1.6
1.6968
55.5

S52
−15.8
0.2

S61
15.26
0.8
1.84666
23.8

S62
3.53
3

FS1
INF.
1
1.5168
64.2

FS2
INF.
3.486

Other optical characteristics of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment are shown on Table 2.

TABLE 2

Item
Number

2Gf/1Gf
−0.529

(C1f)/L3f
0.104

L5f/L6f
−1.11

System length
20.786 mm

F number
2.949

Focal length
7.193 mm

Highest image height
4.6 mm

With reference to Table 2, the ratio of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment is −0.529, satisfying formula (1). The ratio is 0.104, satisfying formula (2). The ratio is −1.11, satisfying formula (3).

The second minus lens of the first lens unit and the fourth plus lens of the second lens unit are non-spherical lens, which satisfy the following formula:

$z = \frac{{ch}^{2}}{1 + {[1 - (k + 1) c^{2} h^{2}]}^{1 / 2}} + {Ah}^{4} + {Bh}^{6} + {Ch}^{8} + {Dh}^{10},$

wherein

is the sag number of the lens which represents depression of the lens surface, is the inverse of the curvature radius, is the distance between the lens surface and the optical axis, and is Conic coefficient. ABC and D are high order non-spherical coefficients. The high order non-spherical coefficients of the non-spherical surfaces are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Surface number
A
B
C
D

S21
−2.09289 × 10⁻⁴
1.91545 × 10⁻⁶
−4.37625 × 10⁻⁷
−4.93489 × 10⁻⁹

S22
1.22913 × 10⁻³
1.41628 × 10⁻⁴
−5.35465 × 10⁻⁶
1.54571 × 10⁻⁶

S41
2.12583 × 10⁻⁴
1.79118 × 10⁻⁴
1.22617 × 10⁻⁵
1.97502 × 10⁻⁶

S42
−5.18960 × 10⁻³
9.91695 × 10⁻⁴
−9.02320 × 10⁻⁵
8.23986 × 10⁻⁶

FIGS. 2A and 2B are Field Curvature/Distortion diagrams of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment. The wavelength of incidence beam in FIGS. 2A and 2B is 486 nm. FIG. 2A is a Field Curvature diagram, wherein T is a tangential ray, S is a sagittal ray, the x-coordinate is a distance between the imaging point and ideal image surface, and the y-coordinate is an ideal image height or an incidence angle. FIG. 2B is a Distortion diagram, wherein the x-coordinate is inaccuracy percentage between the imaging point and ideal image surface, and the y-coordinate is ideal image height or incidence angle. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, Field Curvature and Distortion of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment are reduced.

FIGS. 3A to 3F are ray fan diagrams of conditions when the incident beam wavelengths are 436, 486, 588 and 656 nm. In FIGS. 3A to 3F, image heights are 0, 1.41, 2.35, 3.29, 4.23 and 4.6 nm. Each image height corresponds to two ray fan diagrams, one corresponding to a tangential surface (PY and EY), and the other corresponding to a sagittal surface (PX and EX). As shown in the ray fan diagrams, image inaccuracy of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment is decreased.

FIG. 4 shows vertical aberration of the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, when incident beam wavelengths are 436, 486, 588 and 656 nm, the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment provide an improved image.

FIG. 5 is through focus MTF diagram of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment, wherein spatial frequency equals 100 lp/mm. FIG. 5 shows focal point displacement and corresponding optical transfer function, which reveals improved optical resolution provided by the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment.

The invention shares tolerance sensitivity between lenses, and utilizes plastic non-spherical lenses to decrease cost. With the optical parameters mentioned above, the fixed focal length lens system of the invention provides improved image quality. Additionally, the length of the fixed focal length lens system of the first embodiment is decreased to 20.786 mm.

Table 4 shows parameters of the first lens unit and the second lens unit of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment, wherein S11′ and S12′ are object surface and image surface of the second minus lens, S21′ and S22′ are object surface and image surface of the third plus lens, S31′ and S32′ are object surface and image surface of the fourth plus lens, S41′ and S42′ are object surface and image surface of the fifth plus lens, S51′ and S52′ are object surface and image surface of the sixth minus lens, STO is aperture raster 130, and FS1 and FS2 are two surfaces of the filter 140.

TABLE 4

Refractive
Abbe

Assign
Curvature
Thickness
index
number
Conic

number
radius (mm)
(mm)
(Nd)
(Vd)
coefficient

S11′
109
0.8
1.514648
56.963513
−162.1372

S12′
3.68
1.6

−0.2059319

S21′
30.6
1.6
1.58913
61.3

S22′
−15.5
2.6

STO.
INF.
0.8

S31′
28
1.8
1.514648
56.963513
60.87392

S32′
−6.38
0.2

−20.14728

S41′
5.58
1.6
1.6968
55.5

S42′
−11.03
0.2

S51′
16.6
0.8
1.84666
23.8

S52′
3.278
3

FS1
INF.
1
1.5168
64.2

FS2
INF.
2.47

Other optical characteristics of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment are shown on Table 5.

TABLE 5

Item
Number

2Gf/1Gf
−0.39918

C1f/L3f
−0.4194

L5f/L6f
−1.1169

System length
18.47 mm

F number
2.857

Focal length
6 mm

Highest image height
3.7 mm

With reference to Table 5, the ratio 2 Gf/1 Gf of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment is −0.39918, satisfying formula (1). The ratio (C1 f)/L3 f is −0.4194, satisfying formula (2). The ratio L5 f/L6 f is −1.1169, satisfying formula (3).

The second minus lens of the first lens unit and the fifth plus lens of the second lens unit are non-spherical lens, which satisfy the following formula:

$z = \frac{{ch}^{2}}{1 + {[1 - (k + 1) c^{2} h^{2}]}^{1 / 2}} + {Ah}^{4} + {Bh}^{6} + {Ch}^{8} + {Dh}^{10},$

wherein

z is the sag number of the lens which represents depression of the lens surface, c is the inverse of the curvature radius, h is the distance between the lens surface and the optical axis, and k is Conic coefficient. ABC and D are high order non-spherical coefficients. The high order non-spherical coefficients of the non-spherical surfaces are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6

Surface number
A
B
C
D

S11′
−1.50016 × 10⁻⁴
3.56546 × 10⁻⁶
−7.024125 × 10⁻⁷
−1.86926 × 10⁻⁹

S12′
1.19920 × 10⁻³
1.45402 × 10⁻⁴
−4.50250 × 10⁻⁶
1.85992 × 10⁻⁶

S31′
5.68833 × 10⁻⁴
2.60156 × 10⁻⁴
2.34204 × 10⁻⁵
4.20542 × 10⁻⁶

S32′
−6.94374 × 10⁻³
1.96563 × 10⁻⁴
−2.53741 × 10⁻⁵
2.22257 × 10⁻⁶

FIGS. 7A and 7B are Field Curvature/Distortion diagrams of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment. The wavelength of the incidence beam in FIGS. 7A and 7B is 486 nm. FIG. 7A is Field Curvature diagram, wherein T is a tangential ray, S is a sagittal ray, the x-coordinate is a distance between the imaging point and an ideal image surface, and the y-coordinate is an ideal image height or an incidence angle. FIG. 7B is a Distortion diagram, wherein the x-coordinate is an inaccuracy percentage between the imaging point and the ideal image surface, and the y-coordinate is an ideal image height or an incidence angle. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the Field Curvature and Distortion of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment are reduced.

FIGS. 8A to 8F are ray fan diagrams of conditions when the incident beam wavelengths are 436, 486, 588 and 656 nm. In FIGS. 8A to 8F, the image heights are 0, 1.11, 1.85, 2.59, 3.33 and 3.7 nm. Each image height corresponds to two ray fan diagram, wherein one corresponds to the tangential surface (PY and EY), and the other corresponds to the sagittal surface (PX and EX). As shown in the ray fan diagrams, image inaccuracy of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment is decreased.

FIG. 9 shows vertical aberration of the second embodiment. In FIG. 9, when incident beam wavelengths are 436, 486, 588 and 656 nm, the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment provides improved image.

FIGS. 10A and 10B are through focus MTF diagrams of the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment, wherein, in FIG. 10A, spatial frequency equals 100 lp/mm. In FIG. 10B, spatial frequency equals 200 lp/mm. FIGS. 10A and 10B show focal point displacement and corresponding optical transfer function, which reveals improved optical resolution provided by the fixed focal length lens system of the second embodiment.

While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto. To the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.

Number	Date	Country	Kind
96107657	Mar 2007	TW	national
96107659	Mar 2007	TW	national

FIXED FOCAL LENGTH LENS SYSTEM

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