1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a fixing apparatus that fixes a toner image on recording sheet, and particularly, to a heater control method of a fixing apparatus.
2. Description of the Related Art
Conventionally, a heat roller-type heat fixing apparatus or a film heating-type heat fixing apparatus is used as a fixing apparatus that heats and fixes a toner image formed on a recording sheet in an image forming apparatus, such as a copy machine and a laser beam printer. A halogen heater is the heat source of the heat roller-type heat fixing apparatus, and a ceramic heater is the heat source of the film heating-type heat fixing apparatus. In general, the heater is connected to an AC power supply through a switching element such as a bidirectional thyristor (hereinafter, called “triac”), and the AC power supply supplies power to the heater. The fixing apparatus includes a temperature detection element such as a thermistor thermosensing element. The CPU controls on/off of the switching element based on temperature information of the fixing apparatus detected by the temperature detection element to turn on/off the power supply to the heater to control the temperature of the fixing apparatus to a target temperature. The on/off control of the power supply to the heater is performed by phase control or wave number control. The phase control is a system of supplying power to the heater by turning on the heater at an arbitrary phase angle within a half-wave of the AC power supply. The wave number control is a power control system for turning on/off the heater on the basis of half-waves of the AC power supply. A system with a combination of the phase control and the wave number control (hereinafter, called “phase/wave number combination control”) is also used without fixing the control of the heater to one of the controls. For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-123941, the phase control is applied to some half-waves in a control period with a plurality of half-waves, and the wave number control is applied to the rest. As a result, generation of a harmonic current or switching noise can be prevented compared to when only the phase control is applied. A flicker can be reduced compared to when only the wave number control is applied, and the power to the heater can be controlled in more stages.
The fixing apparatus does not normally operate if one of the heater, the power supply, the temperature detection element, and the power control unit does not normally function. For example, when firmware of a control board serves as the power control unit to control the power and if an uncontrollable conduction of the heater occurs due to a firmware overrun, the fixing apparatus may be overheated and damaged. Therefore, a safety circuit made up of a hardware circuit is included in the fixing apparatus to prevent the overheating during the firmware overrun. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-275900 proposes a safety circuit that limits the charge power to the heater by a hardware circuit according to conditions of rotation of a pressuring roller as a rotating body arranged opposite the heater.
As the power supplied to the heater is continuously increasing due to the increase in the printing speed of recent years, the current value of the fixing apparatus also tends to increase, and the control is performed at a value close to a standard upper limit in some cases although not exceeding the standard upper limit. The transfer speed is increasing along with the increase in the speed of the image forming apparatus, and a higher heating temperature of the fixing apparatus or more accuracy in the heating temperature is demanded. Therefore, more detailed power control is necessary, and the phase/wave number combination control is often adopted. There is a request of “prohibition of asymmetric control” of section 6.1 of immunity standards IEC 61000-3-2 for harmonic wave control. To satisfy the standard, a conduction pattern needs to be set to make the amount of energy of positive half-waves and the amount of energy of negative half-waves the same in a control period.
The following problem occurs when a safety circuit based on a hardware circuit is mounted on an apparatus that performs the wave number control or the phase/wave number combination control and that controls the power based on a conduction pattern that does not lead to the asymmetric control in a control period. That is, if some waveforms in a control period are not conducted when the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated within a period of the control period including the conduction pattern that does not lead to the asymmetric control, the conduction pattern of the symmetric control is destroyed. Therefore, there is a problem that the asymmetric control remains even after the release of the safety circuit.
The present invention provides a fixing apparatus that controls to make power supplied in positive half-waves and power supplied in negative half-waves symmetric in a control period even if a safety circuit based on a hardware circuit is operated.
To solve the problem, the present invention has the following configuration.
A fixing apparatus including: a heating unit including a heating element that heats a toner image; a control unit that controls power supplied from an AC power supply to the heating element; and a limiting unit that limits the supply of power from the AC power supply to the heating element by a hardware circuit, wherein the control unit controls to make the power supplied in positive half-waves and the power supplied in negative half-waves symmetric in a control period including a plurality of N half-waves (N: integer) of the AC power supply, and the control unit controls to supply the power of (N-M+1) half-waves (M: integer) from an M-th half-wave to an N-th half-wave after a limitation of the supply of the power by the limiting unit is released if the limiting unit limits the supply of the power from the AC power supply to the heating element at the M-th half-wave in the control period.
Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail in accordance with the accompanying drawings.
[Configuration of Image Forming Apparatus]
[Circuit Configuration]
[Configurations of Fixing Device and Heater]
[Drive Control Circuit of Fixing Heater 111]
The temperature detection element 311 (for example, a thermistor thermosensing element) that detects the temperature of the fixing heater 111 is arranged on the fixing heater 111 through the protection layer 300 with an insulation withstanding voltage so that an insulation distance can be secured relative to the heater 301. The temperature detected by the temperature detection element 311 is detected as partial pressures of a resistance 423 and the temperature detection element 311, and the temperature is A/D-input to the engine controller 202 as a TH signal. The engine controller 202 monitors the temperature of the fixing heater 111 as the TH signal. The CPU 202a of the engine controller 202 compares the temperature of the fixing heater 111 detected by the temperature detection element 311 and a set temperature of the fixing heater 111 set inside the engine controller 202 to calculate the power to be supplied to the heater 301. A phase angle (phase control) or a wave number (wave number control) corresponding to the calculated power to be supplied is converted, and the engine controller 202 sends out an ON signal to the transistor 408 based on the control condition.
If the temperature detection element 311 or the triac 403 is broken down, and the engine controller 202 determines that the temperature detection or the heater drive circuit is broken down, an RLD signal is turned off to turn off the relay 418, and the conduction to the heater 301 is cut off. A transistor 419 turns on/off the relay 418. The transistor 419 operates according to the RLD signal from the engine controller 202 through a resistance 420. A resistance 421 is a resistance for protecting the transistor 419. A diode 422 is an element that absorbs a back electromotive voltage generated when the relay 418 is off. Usually, the relay 418 is controlled to an on state by the RLD signal before the start of the power control to the heater 301 by the ON signal from the engine controller 202 and is controlled to an off state by the RLD signal after the end of the control of the power supply to the heater 301.
The excessive temperature rise prevention element 304, which is, for example, a temperature fuse or a thermo switch, supplies power to the heater 301 and plays a role as a last resort that prevents the excessive temperature rise when the unit for controlling is broken down and the heater 301 is out of control. If the heater 301 is out of control and the temperature of the excessive temperature rise prevention element 304 becomes greater than a predetermined temperature as a result of the failure of the unit that controls the power supply, the excessive temperature rise prevention element 304 opens, and the conduction to the heater 301 is cut off. The terminal of the hot side of the AC power supply 401 is connected to the excessive temperature rise prevention element 304 through the electrode portion 308. The electrode portion 306 is connected to the triac 403 that controls the heater 301 and connected to a neutral terminal of the AC power supply 401.
[Safety Circuit]
A safety circuit based on a hardware circuit will be described. The excessive temperature rise prevention element 304, which is one of the safety circuits based on hardware circuits, is the last resort. Once activated, the excessive temperature rise prevention element 304 cannot normally operate afterwards. Therefore, a safety circuit is separately installed to be activated before the last resort. For example, for the operation of the thermo switch of the excessive temperature rise prevention element 304 as the last resort at 250° C., a safety circuit that limits the conduction to 50% when the temperature reaches 200° C. is provided to prevent the rise of the temperature to 250° C. The safety circuit serves as a unit that detects the rise of the temperature to the temperature threshold 200° C. to input the voltage from the temperature detection element 311 to an inverting input of a comparator 429, input a reference voltage Verr equivalent to 200° C. to a non-inverting input, and output a comparison result as a THERR signal. A resistance 428 is a current limitation resistance. When the temperature detection element 311 is an NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistor, the THERR signal is a high level if the temperature is higher than 200° C. The THERR signal is a low level if the temperature is lower than 200° C. The THERR signal is input to the ASIC circuit 202b of the engine controller 202.
A signal obtained by a frequency dividing circuit 202c dividing the frequency of the ZEROX signal into two is also input to the ASIC circuit 202b. The ASIC circuit 202b always sets a MASK signal to a low level if the THERR signal is a low level (lower than 200° C.). On the other hand, if the THERR signal is a high level (higher than 200° C.), the ASIC circuit 202b outputs the MASK signal as a one-half frequency divided signal (duty 50% pulse signal) of the ZEROX signal. The switching determination is confirmed by the one-half frequency divided rising edge of the ZEROX signal. A transistor 426 operates according to the MASK signal from the ASIC circuit 202b through the resistance 427. The transistor 426 turns on when the MASK signal is a low level and is controlled by an ON signal output by the CPU 202a. The transistor 426 is turned off when the MASK signal is a high level, and the conduction to the heater 301 is turned off regardless of the ON signal. Therefore, the MASK signal becomes a duty 50% pulse if the THERR signal is a high level, and the conduction to the heater 301 is limited to 50% even if an attempt is made for 100% conduction by the ON signal. The safety circuit limits the conduction to 50% if the temperature detected by the temperature detection element 311 exceeds 200° C.
[Phase Control, Wave Number Control, and Phase/Wave Number Combination Control]
a) illustrates a power supply waveform of the AC power supply 401, a ZEROX signal, and half-wave numbers (hereinafter, “half-wave No.”) providing numbers to eight half-waves of one control period.
b) is an example of the phase control. The logic of the ZEROX signal switches at an edge (hereinafter, called “zero cross point”) where the AC power supply 401 switches from positive to negative or from negative to positive. If a heater drive signal (ON signal in
c) is an example of the wave number control. The on/off control is performed by half-wave of the AC power supply in the wave number control. When the heater 301 is conducted, the heater drive signal (ON signal) is turned on at the edge of the ZEROX signal, and the half-wave is 100% supplied (for example, half-wave No. 1). When the heater 301 is not conducted, the heater drive signal remains off, and the half-wave becomes 0% (for example, half-wave No. 4). In the example of the wave number control illustrated in Table 1 and
[Operation of Safety Circuit]
Therefore, the request of the prohibition of the asymmetric control of the immunity standards cannot be satisfied. The safety circuit is activated after the rise in the temperature during abnormalities, such as firmware overrun, failure of the temperature detection element, and failure of the conduction circuit. However, the safety circuit may be activated during normal printing. For example, the temperature may be slightly over 200° C. when the fixing target temperature is high in a case of thick paper, or the safety circuit may falsely detect that the temperature of the temperature detection element 311 is over 200° C. due to noise. Furthermore, the temperature may exceed 200° C. when the heat of the heater 301 is not easily released to the pressuring roller 124 after the termination of the rotation of the pressuring roller 124 at the end of the printing. Furthermore, the sheet may be multi-fed in the transfer of the sheet S, and the fixing film 123 and the pressuring roller 124 may not be adhered at a non-sheet feeding section. As a result, the heat of the heater 301 is not easily released to the pressuring roller 124, and the temperature may exceed 200° C. The multi-feeding of sheet denotes a state in which a plurality of pieces of sheet is transferred on top of each other without being separated. Furthermore, the sheet S may be put to the side toward the edge without being stored at the center section of the sheet feeding cassette 112 where the center is the standard. As a result, the sheet S does not pass through the position of the temperature detection element 311, and the temperature may exceed 200° C. because the sheet S does not take the heat away.
If the CPU 202a determines that the MASK signal of the safety circuit is a high level in S804, the CPU 202a leaves the ON signal off and does not conduct power in the half-wave in S808. The CPU 202a returns to the process of S803 and waits for the next zero cross point. In this case, since the half-wave counter N is not counted up, the CPU 202a waits until the MASK signal becomes a low level at the zero cross point and outputs the following half-wave. If the CPU 202a determines that the output of all eight half-waves in the control period is finished in S806, the CPU 202a returns to S801 to control the temperature of the fixing device 110 in the control period until the CPU 202a determines that the printing is finished in S809. The CPU 202a ends the control if the CPU 202a determines that the printing is finished in S809. In the present embodiment, the conduction is terminated without advancing the half-wave counter N in the period that the MASK signal is a high level in which the safety circuit is activated in the control period, and the output is started from the following half-wave counter when the MASK signal is released to a low level. An example of another embodiment includes a method of advancing the half-wave counter N even in a period that the MASK signal is a high level, but instead, the half-wave number that cannot be output is stored in a storage unit, such as a ROM. In this case, after the output of the eight half-wave as the control period, the half-wave of the half-wave number stored as the half-wave that cannot be output can be output to obtain the same effect.
In the example described in the present embodiment, the control period includes eight half-waves, the power is cut off by the MASK signal in the third half-wave, and the remaining six half-waves are supplied after the release of the cutoff. Assuming that the control period includes N half-waves (N: integer) and that the power is cut off by the MASK signal at an M-th half-wave (M: integer), the remaining (N-M+1) half-waves following an (M−1)-th halve-wave can be conducted after the release of the cutoff.
As described, according to the present embodiment, the safety circuit that limits the conduction by the hardware circuit based on the temperature detection can apply the positively and negatively symmetric control even if the safety circuit is activated during normal printing other than during abnormalities such as a failure. More specifically, the control for making the power supplied in the positive half-waves and the power supplied in the negative half-waves symmetric in the control period is possible even if the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated.
A printer including a fixing device of a second embodiment will be described. The heat of the heater 301 is supplied to the sheet S passing through the pressuring roller 124 or the fixing nip portion N through the fixing film 123. If the pressuring roller 124 is not rotating, it is difficult to transmit the heat to the pressuring roller 124 compared to when the pressuring roller 124 is rotating, because the same position touches the heater 301 in the circumferential direction of the pressuring roller 124. Therefore, only a part in the circumferential direction of the pressuring roller 124 may be overheated, or the heat of the heater 301 may not be easily released, which may cause damage to the fixing device. The present embodiment provides a safety circuit that limits the conduction to the heater 301 to 75% when the pressuring roller 124 is not rotating.
[Drive Control Circuit of Fixing Heater 111]
Vb=Vc−(24−Vc)×C434×R439×f/2
According to the formula, Vb is dependent on the frequency of the FG signal, and the greater the frequency of the FG signal, the smaller Vb. The output voltage Vb of the operational amplifier 441 is input to a non-inverting input of a comparator 444. The comparator 444 compares reference voltages Vd and Vb determined by resistances 442 and 443. Resistances 433 and 445 are current limitation resistances, and a diode 436 is an element that absorbs the back electromotive voltage. Therefore, the MTRSTOP signal as an output of the comparator 444 becomes a low level if the frequency of the FG signal is higher than a predetermined value and becomes a high level if the frequency of the FG signal is lower than a predetermined value. More specifically, the MTRSTOP signal is a low level if the rotation of the fixing motor 430 is greater than a predetermined number of rotations and is a high level if the rotation of the fixing motor 430 is smaller than a predetermined number of rotations or if the rotation is terminated. As for the rotation determination detection of the fixing motor 430, the FG signal may be input to the ASIC circuit 202b, and the rotation may be detected in the ASIC circuit 202b. Although the FG signal of the fixing motor 430 is used for the rotation detection of the pressuring roller 124, a rotational encoder may be arranged on the pressuring roller 124 to use a rotation signal of the encoder.
The MTRSTOP signal output from the comparator 444 is input to the ASIC circuit 202b of the engine controller 202. A one-half frequency divided signal and a one-quarter frequency divided signal obtained by the frequency dividing circuit 202c dividing the ZEROX signal are input to the ASIC circuit 202b. A negative logic duty 75% signal, which is a logical product of the one-half frequency divided signal and the one-quarter frequency divided signal, is generated. The ASIC circuit 202b always sets the MASK signal to a low level if the MTRSTOP signal is a low level (rotation of the fixing motor 430 is greater than the predetermined number of rotations). The ASIC circuit 202b outputs the MASK signal as a negative logic duty 75% pulse signal if the MTRSTOP signal is a high level (rotation of the fixing motor 430 is smaller than the predetermined number of rotations or the rotation is terminated). The determination of the switching is confirmed by the rising edge of the negative logic duty 75% pulse signal. Therefore, if the MTRSTOP signal is a high level, the MASK signal becomes a negative logic duty 75% pulse. The conduction to the heater 301 is limited to 75% even if the CPU 202a attempts the 100% conduction by the ON signal. The safety circuit limits the conduction to 75% when the rotation of the pressuring roller 124 is smaller than the predetermined number of rotations or when there is no rotation.
In the present embodiment, the MASK signal is input to the CPU 202a of the engine controller 202. The firmware mounted on the CPU 202a checks the level of the MASK signal at the zero cross point. If the MASK signal is a low level, the CPU 202a outputs the conduction pattern of the half-waves to the ON signal because the safety circuit is not activated. If the MASK signal is a high level, the CPU 202a leaves the ON signal off and does not conduct power because the safety circuit is activated. The CPU 202a outputs the conduction pattern of the following half-waves to the ON signal when the MASK signal becomes a low level after the release of the high level at the zero cross point and extends the control period. As illustrated in
The safety circuit is activated during abnormalities, such as the firmware overrun, the failure of the temperature detection element, and the failure of the conduction circuit, when the rotation of the fixing motor 430 is smaller than the predetermined number of rotations or when there is no rotation. However, the safety circuit may be activated during normal printing. For example, the number of rotations may become smaller than the predetermined number of rotations before the rotation reaches the predetermined number of rotations after the start of the rotation of the fixing motor 430 while the temperature of the heater 301 is controlled to reach the target temperature to start printing. The rotation of the fixing motor 430 may start to terminate while the temperature is controlled by lowering the target temperature from the print temperature to the standby temperature to finish printing, and the number of rotations may be smaller than the predetermined number of rotations. In the cleaning of the toner attached to the pressuring roller 124, the pressuring roller 124 is repeatedly rotated and terminated while controlling the temperature for printing and while placing the sheet between the fixing film 123 and the pressuring roller 124. In such a case, the safety circuit may be activated upon the termination of the rotation of the pressuring roller 124.
As described, the positively and negatively symmetric control can be performed according to the present embodiment even if the safety circuit that limits the conduction by the hardware circuit based on the detection of the rotation of the pressuring roller (fixing motor rotation) is activated during the normal printing other than during the abnormalities such as a failure. More specifically, according to the present embodiment, the control for making the power supplied in the positive half-waves and the power supplied in the negative half-waves symmetric in the control period is possible even if the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated.
The temperature detection of the first embodiment and the rotation detection of the present embodiment may be combined to apply the conditions of the conduction limitation by the hardware circuit as follows. More specifically, if the number of rotations of the fixing motor is smaller than the predetermined number of rotations or if the rotation is terminated, the conduction may be limited when the temperature detected by the temperature detection element of the heater exceeds 200° C. If the number of rotations is greater than the predetermined number of rotations, the conduction may be limited when the detected temperature exceeds 225° C. The conduction may be limited based on the difference in the power supply voltage or based on the size of the current value flowing through the heater. Other than 50% and 75%, the conduction limitation may be freely set according to the detection conditions.
A printer including a fixing device of a third embodiment will be described. The present embodiment is an example in which there is a plurality of heaters, such as two heaters. The first and second embodiments are examples of one heater and an A4 sized printer, while the present embodiment is an example of two heaters and an A3 sized printer capable of handling sheet (wide) in a size wider than the A4 size by dividing the section into a center section and an edge section.
[Configurations of Fixing Device and Heater]
As illustrated in
[Drive Control Circuit of Fixing Heater 111]
The engine controller 202 monitors the temperatures of the fixing heater 111 as the TH1, TH2, and TH3 signals. The CPU 202a compares the information of the set temperature of the fixing heater 111 set inside the engine controller 202 with the information of the TH1, TH2, and TH3 signals to calculate the power to be supplied to the heaters 301 and 302. The CPU 202a converts the calculated power to be supplied into a phase angle (phase control) or a wave number (wave number control), and the engine controller 202 outputs the ON1 signal to the transistor 408 or outputs the ON2 signal to a transistor 415 based on the control conditions. The engine controller 202 compares the TH1 signal as the temperature information of the center section detected by the temperature detection element 311 with the TH2 signal and the TH3 signal as the temperature information of the edge sections detected by the temperature detection elements 312 and 313. As a result of the comparison, the engine controller 202 continues printing if the temperature difference is within a range of a predetermined temperature (for example, 10° C.) On the other hand, if the temperature difference is out of the range of the predetermined temperature, the engine controller 202 extends the gaps between pieces of sheet (transfer intervals) to drop the throughput and averages the temperatures of the center section and the edge sections.
[Operation of Safety Circuit]
A safety circuit based on a hardware circuit will be described. There is one temperature detection element in the first embodiment. Therefore, the THERR signal is set to a high level if the temperature is over the threshold temperature 200° C. based on the comparator 429. Meanwhile, there are three temperature detection elements in the present embodiment. Therefore, an OR circuit 450 is provided to set the THERR signal to a high level if one of the temperatures is over the threshold temperature 200° C. Although the temperature thresholds are the same at 200° C. in the present embodiment, the reference voltages Verr of the comparators 429, 447, and 449 can be changed in each temperature detection element. Resistances 446 and 448 are current limitation resistances. The THERR signal is input to the ASIC circuit 202b of the engine controller 202. Based on the one-half frequency divided signal of the ZEROX signal, the ASIC circuit 202b always outputs the MASK signal as a low level if the THERR signal is a low level (lower than 200° C.). The ASIC circuit 202b outputs the MASK signal as the one-half frequency divided signal (duty 50% pulse signal) of the ZEROX signal if the THERR signal is a high level (higher than 200° C.). Therefore, if the THERR signal is a high level, the MASK signal becomes a duty 50% pulse. The conduction to the main heater 301 is limited to 50% even if the 100% conduction is attempted by the ON1 signal. The safety circuit limits the conduction of only the main heater 301 to 50% if one of the temperature detection elements exceeds 200° C. In the present embodiment, for example, the power is 700 W when the main heater 301 is driven 100%, and the power is 300 W when the sub heater 302 is driven 100%. The safety can be secured by limiting only the main heater 301 with a greater amount of power supply to 50%. The main heater 301 and the sub heater 302 may be limited to 50% at the same time.
In the example of Table 4 and
The THERR signal is a high level if one of the temperature detection elements 311, 312, and 313 is higher than 200° C. (conduction limitation is necessary) and is a low level if the temperatures are below 200° C. The frequency dividing circuit 202c generates the one-half frequency divided signal (duty 50%) of the ZEROX signal. The ASIC circuit 202b of the engine controller 202 processes the THERR signal and the one-half frequency divided signal of the ZEROX signal into a MASK signal and outputs the MASK signal to the CPU 202a. Specifically, the MASK signal is output in a high level if the THERR signal is a high level at the rising edge of the one-half frequency divided signal of the ZEROX signal, and the MASK signal is output in a low level if the THERR signal is a low level. The ASIC circuit 202b outputs the MASK signal at a low level regardless of the THERR signal at the falling edge of the one-half frequency divided signal of the ZEROX signal. As described in
The safety circuit is activated after the rise of the temperature during abnormalities, such as the firmware overrun, the failure of the temperature detection element, and the failure of the conduction circuit. However, the safety circuit may be activated during normal printing. There are examples of the thick paper, noise, at the end of printing, multi-feeding, and putting the sheet to the side described in the first embodiment. Furthermore, there is a case in which the sheet S passes through only the center section of the fixing device 110 to take away heat when sheet with a narrow width is printed in the A3 sized printer, but the sheet S does not take the heat away at the non-sheet feeding section. Therefore, the temperature of the edge section may rise, and the edge section temperature may exceed 200° C.
There is another problem that the average power of the main heater 301 is 56.875%, and the average power of the sub heater 302 is 37.5% if the entire eight half-waves as the control period are observed when the safety circuit is activated. Therefore, the main/sub ratio is main 100:sub 65.9. As a result, the ratio of the sub heater 302 is higher than the main 100:sub 50 which is the conduction ratio selected according to the sheet size. It is empirically known that the enlargement of the ratio of the sub heater 302 increases the temperature of the edge section by 1 to 3° C. compared to the temperature of the center section. If the temperature difference between the center section and the edge section exceeds 10° C., the gaps between pieces of sheet increase, and the throughput drops. Therefore, the enlargement of the temperature difference by 1 to 3° C. may reduce the throughput.
The flow chart illustrating the heater conduction control in the control period can be described by
Although there are two heaters in the present embodiment, there may be three or more heaters. In this case, the conduction of the heaters is turned off if the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated in one of the heaters, and the heaters are conducted if all heaters can be conducted. The conditions of the safety circuit may be determined not only by the temperature detection, but also in conjunction with the pressuring roller rotation detection as in the second embodiment.
As described, according to the present embodiment, the positively and negatively symmetric control can be performed in the configuration with a plurality of heaters even if the safety circuit that limits conduction based on the hardware circuit is activated during normal printing other than during abnormalities such as a failure. More specifically, the power may be controlled to be symmetric between that supplied in the positive half-waves and that supplied in the negative half-waves in the control period even if the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated. Furthermore, the conduction ratios can effectively be maintained for the plurality of heaters.
A fixing device and a printer using the fixing device of a fourth embodiment will be described. The fourth embodiment is an example in which the heater conduction control is changed from the configuration of the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the control period is changed to attain the positively and negatively symmetric control when the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated. In the present embodiment, the conduction pattern is devised to apply the positively and negatively symmetric control without changing the control period.
The phase control is applied to some half-waves, and the wave number control is applied to some half-waves within the control period in the combined control. The power is charged 55%, 100%, 100%, 55%, 100%, 45%, 45%, and 100% for the half-waves, and the average is 75%. A modification from Table 1 is that the first four half-waves are positively and negatively symmetric in the conduction pattern, and the second four half-waves are also positively and negatively symmetric in the conduction pattern. In the MASK signal, a high level and a low level are repeated every four half-waves in the one-quarter frequency divided signal of the ZEROX signal, and the positively and negatively symmetric conduction patterns are formed in four half-waves according to the four half-waves.
A control method when the safety circuit is activated will be described. The MASK signal and the one-quarter frequency divided signal of the ZEROX signal are input to the CPU 202a of the engine controller 202. Only the MASK signal is input to the CPU 202a in the circuit diagram of
In the present embodiment, the positively and negatively symmetric conduction pattern includes four half-waves, and the MASK signal includes four half-waves. One control period includes eight half-waves which are twice the four half-waves. The control period may include, for example, sixteen half-waves which are four times the four half-waves. Alternatively, the conduction pattern and the MASK pattern may include six half-waves, and the control period may include twelve half-waves which are twice the six half-waves. Therefore, the MASK signal may include A half-waves (A: even number equal to or greater than 4=4, 6, 8, . . . ) to limit the power supply to the heater 301, and the control period may include (AxB) half-waves which are B times (B: integer equal to or greater than 2=2, 3, 4, . . . ) the A half-waves.
As described above, the positively and negatively symmetric control can be performed without changing the control period even if the safety circuit that limits the conduction by the hardware circuit based on the temperature detection is activated during normal printing other than abnormalities such as a failure. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the control for making the power supplied in the positive half-waves and the power supplied in the negative half-waves symmetric in the control period is possible even if the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated.
A printer including a fixing device of a fifth embodiment will be described. The fifth embodiment is an example in which the heater conduction control is changed from the configuration of the third embodiment including a plurality of heaters. In the third embodiment, the control period is changed to apply the positively and negatively symmetric control when the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated. In the present embodiment, the conduction pattern is devised to perform the positively and negatively symmetric control without changing the control period.
[Operation of Safety Circuit]
The phase control is applied to some half-waves, and the wave number control is applied to some half-waves within the control period in the combined control. The main heater 301 charges 55%, 100%, 100%, 55%, 100%, 45%, 45%, and 100% for the half-waves, and the average is 75%. The sub heaters 302 and 303 charge 27.5%, 50%, 50%, 27.5%, 12.5%, 60%, 60%, and 12.5% for the half-waves, and the average is 37.5% which is a half that of the main heater 301. A modification from Table 4 is that the current is a combined current combining the main and the sub, the first four half-waves are positively and negatively symmetric in the conduction pattern, and the second four half-waves are also positively and negatively symmetric in the conduction pattern. The modification is made so that the main/sub ratio is main 100:sub 50 in the four half-waves. The MASK signal repeats a high level and a low level every four half-waves in the one-quarter frequency divided signal of the ZEROX signal, and in accordance with the four half-waves, the conduction pattern is formed by four half-waves in which there is a main/sub-combined positive and negative symmetry, and the conduction ratio is fixed.
In the present embodiment, the conduction pattern with a positive and negative symmetry and with a fixed conduction ratio of a plurality of heaters includes four half-waves, and the MASK signal also includes four half-waves. One control period includes eight half-waves which are twice the four half-waves. However, the control period may include, for example, sixteen half-waves which are four times the four half-waves. Alternatively, the conduction pattern and the MASK pattern may include six half-waves, and the control period may include twelve half-waves which are twice the six half-waves.
As described, the positively and negatively symmetric control can be performed without changing the control period when there is a plurality of heaters even if the safety circuit that limits the conduction based on the hardware circuit is activated during normal printing other than during abnormalities such as a failure. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the control is possible so that the power supplied in the positive half-waves and the power supplied in the negative half-waves are symmetric in the control period even if the safety circuit based on the hardware circuit is activated. Furthermore, the conduction ratio of a plurality of heaters can be maintained.
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-127973, filed Jun. 3, 2010, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2010-127973 | Jun 2010 | JP | national |