Patent Grant
8265538
This application is based on application No. 2008-159067 filed on Jun. 18, 2008 in Japan, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
(1) Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a fixing device that fixes an unfixed image formed on the recording sheet such as a sheet of recording paper or an OHP sheet, and an image formation apparatus including the fixing device. The present invention particularly relates to technology that prevents creases of the recording sheet when the fixing device fixes the unfixed image with use of a fixing belt.
(2) Description of the Related Art
An image formation apparatus such as a photocopying machine is equipped with a fixing device that fixes an unfixed image formed on a recording sheet such as a sheet of recording paper or an OHP sheet. An example of such a fixing device is a belt-nip type fixing device. The belt-nip type fixing device includes a fixing roller that rotates with the surface thereof heated to a predetermined temperature, and an endless fixing belt. The belt-nip type fixing device has a structure in which the fixing roller and the fixing belt are mutually brought into pressure-contact with each other so as to form therebetween a fixing nip portion through which the recording sheet passes. The fixing belt that is brought into pressure-contact with the fixing roller rotates according to the rotation of the fixing roller. While the recording sheet on which the unfixed image has been formed passes through the fixing nip portion between the fixing roller and the fixing belt, the unfixed image formed on the recording sheet is heated and applied with pressure so as to be fixed on the recording sheet.
Japanese Laid-open patent application publication No. 2003-5553 discloses a structure in which a pressing member provided inside a closed rotation path of the fixing belt presses the rear surface of the fixing belt such that the surface of the fixing belt is brought into pressure-contact with the surface of the fixing roller. The pressing member is composed of a part having rigidity so as to press the fixing belt entirely in the width direction thereof with a predetermined pressure. The part having rigidity presses the fixing belt towards an axis (rotation center) of the fixing roller. This applies uniform pressure to the surface of the fixing roller along the rotating direction.
However, in the belt-nip type fixing device, speed at which the recording sheet is conveyed through the fixing nip portion between the fixing roller and the fixing belt possibly becomes uneven in the width direction of the fixing belt depending on the states of the fixing roller, the fixing belt and the pressing member, and the moisture state of the recording sheet, for example. This possibly causes creases of the recording sheet entering the fixing nip portion.
In the structure in which the pressing member presses the fixing belt, it is not easy to vary the speed of conveying the fixing belt in the width direction thereof. As a result, a problem arises that the creases of the recording sheet that passes through the fixing nip portion is not easily prevented.
Unlike the belt-nip type fixing device, in the fixing device in which the fixing roller is brought into pressure-contact with a pressure application roller, it is known that the creases of the recording sheet that passes through the fixing nip portion can be prevented by making a conveyance speed at which the recording sheet passes through the fixing nip portion faster in each edge portion of the fixing roller in the width direction thereof than in a central portion of the fixing roller in the width direction thereof. However, as disclosed in Japanese Laid-open patent application publication No. 2003-5553, in the belt-nip type fixing device in which the fixing belt pressed by the part having rigidity is brought into pressure-contact with the fixing roller to form the fixing nip, it is not easy to make the speed of conveying the recording sheet faster in each end portion of the fixing belt in the width direction thereof than in the central portion of the fixing belt in the width direction thereof. That is, in order to make the speed of conveying the recording sheet in the fixing nip portion faster in each end portion of the fixing belt in the width direction thereof than in the central portion of the fixing belt in the width direction thereof, it is necessary to deform the part having rigidity into a complicated shape, for example. Therefore, it takes a long time to manufacture such a part having rigidity, which is not economically efficient.
The present invention has an objective of providing a fixing device and an image formation apparatus that are capable of preventing creases of the recording sheet to fix a clear toner image onto a recording sheet, and are productively and economically efficient.
The objective of the present invention is achieved by a fixing device that fixes an unfixed image formed on a recording sheet comprising a fixing roller that is elastic and rotates with a surface thereof heated; a fixing belt that is brought into pressure-contact with a surface of the fixing roller; and a pressing member that presses an inner circumferential surface of the fixing belt to bring the fixing belt into pressure-contact with the surface of the fixing roller so as to allow the fixing belt to revolve according to the rotation of the fixing roller, and form a fixing nip portion between the fixing belt and the fixing roller, wherein the pressing member has an opposing surface opposing the inner circumferential surface of the fixing belt and including a pressing area that presses the surface of the fixing roller via the fixing belt, and part of the pressing area in each end portion of the opposing surface in an axis direction of the fixing roller is smaller than part of the pressing area in a central portion of the opposing surface in the axis direction.
In the fixing device having such a structure, a pressing area of the opposing surface that presses the surface of the fixing roller via the fixing belt is smaller in each end portion of the opposing surface in the axis direction of the fixing roller than in the central portion of the opposing surface in the axis direction of the fixing roller. Therefore, pressure intensity per unit pressing area of the fixing belt applied on the surface of the fixing roller is larger in each of the end portions of the opposing surface in the axis direction of the fixing roller than in the central portion of the opposing surface in the axis direction of the fixing roller. Thus, it is possible to make the speed of conveying the recording sheet that passes through the fixing nip portion faster in each of the end portions in a width direction of the recording sheet that is perpendicular to the recording sheet conveyance direction than in the central portion in the width direction of the recording sheet. As a result, a width direction tension towards a central portion of the recording sheet from each of edge portions of the recording sheet occurs in a portion (leading end portion) of the recording sheet, which is located downstream in the sheet conveyance direction and has passed through the fixing nip portion. On the other hand, an outward tension in each of the end portions occurs in a portion of the recording sheet immediately before entering the fixing nip portion. This can prevents creases of the recording sheet that passes through the fixing nip portion.
Preferably, an edge of the opposing surface located downstream in a recording sheet conveyance direction may project downstream in the recording sheet conveyance direction such that a central portion of the edge is located further downstream than each end portion of the edge, and the central portion of the opposing surface may press the surface of the fixing roller via the fixing belt such that the surface of the fixing roller makes contact with the fixing belt along a tangent line of the fixing roller.
Also, the edge of the opposing surface may be formed in a V shape such that a portion between each of the end portion of the edge and the central portion of the edge extends straight.
Also, the opposing surface may extend along the axis direction of the fixing roller, and press the surface of the fixing roller via the fixing belt such that the surface of the fixing roller makes contact with the fixing belt along a tangent line of the fixing roller.
Also, the pressing member may have a rigid body on which the opposing surface is formed.
Also, the pressing member may include an elastic member that brings the fixing belt into pressure-contact with the surface of the fixing roller at a position located upstream in the recording sheet conveyance direction from a position of the opposing surface.
These and the other objects, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention. In the drawings:
The image formation apparatus shown in
In the image formation apparatus, image data inputted from an external device is converted into a drive signal of a laser diode by a controller (not shown). The drive signal drives the laser diode provided in the exposure part 3. This causes the exposure part 3 to radiate a laser beam L according to image data. The charger 2 pre-charges the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 to a predetermined potential. The exposure part 3 emits a laser beam L to expose the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 to form a static latent image on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1. The developer 4 develops, with use of a toner, and makes the static latent image visible as a toner image.
Below the photosensitive drum 1, a recording sheet cassette 10 capable of housing a plurality of recording sheets S such as sheets of recording paper or OHP sheets. A sheet supply roller 101 supplies the recording sheets S housed in the recording sheet cassette 10 one sheet at a time. The recording sheets S supplied from the recording sheet cassette 10 are conveyed to the photosensitive drum 1 via a timing roller pair 11. The transfer roller 5 that rotates in a direction shown by an arrow B is arranged lateral to the photosensitive drum 1. The recording sheet S passes through a transfer nip portion at which the transfer roller 5 is brought into pressure-contact with the photosensitive drum 1. At that time, the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum 1 is transferred onto the recording sheet S by the effect of a transfer electrical field generated by a transfer voltage applied by the transfer roller 5.
The recording sheet S onto which the toner image has been transferred is detached from the photosensitive drum 1 by a detaching nail 6, and conveyed to the fixing device 9. The fixing device 9 includes a fixing roller 91, and a fixing belt 92 that is brought into pressure-contact with the fixing roller 91 by a pressing member 20. The fixing belt 92 that is brought into pressure-contact with the fixing roller 91 revolves according to the rotation of the fixing roller 91. A fixing nip portion N through which the recording sheet passes is formed between the fixing roller 91 and the fixing belt 92 that are brought into pressure-contact with each other.
A heater 95 heats the surface of the fixing roller 91 to a predetermined temperature that melts the toner. The heater 95 is provided into an axis center part of the fixing roller 91. The heater 95 is controlled based on the surface temperature of the fixing roller 91 measured by a thermistor 94. The unfixed toner image on the recording sheet S conveyed to the fixing device 9 passes through the fixing nip portion N which is a position at which the fixing roller 91 that rotates with the surface thereof being heated to the predetermined temperature is brought into pressure-contact with the fixing belt 92 that revolves according to the rotation of the fixing roller 91. This heats and applies pressure to the unfixed image on the recording sheet S, thereby fixing the unfixed image on the recording sheet S. The recording sheet S on which the toner image has been fixed is detached from the fixing roller 91 by a detaching nail 93, and ejected onto an eject tray 12.
Note that a cleaner 7 removes the toner remained on the surface of the photosensitive drum 1, and then an eraser 8 removes the remaining electrical charge of the photosensitive drum 1 on which the toner image has been transferred. The charger 2 charges the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 from which the remaining electrical charge has been removed according to the next image forming instruction. Subsequently, the toner image is formed on the recording sheet by the execution of the above-stated operations.
In such a way, the photosensitive drum 1, the charger 2, the exposure part 3, the developer 4, the transfer roller 5 and the recording sheet cassette 10 together constitute an unfixed image forming part that forms the unfixed image on the recording sheet S.
Each of
The fixing roller 91 is composed of a metal such as aluminum or steel around 0.1 mm to 5.0 mm in thickness. The thickness of the fixing roller 91 is preferably between 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm when lightening of the weight and shortening of a warm-up time (time taken, after the heater is turned on, for the temperature of the fixing nip portion N to reach a temperature needed for fixing) taken into consideration. Although there is no particular limitation on a measurement of the outer diameter of the fixing roller 91, the outer diameter of the fixing roller 91 is preferably between 10 mm to 50 mm.
Also, a surface layer such as a fluorinated tube or a fluorinated coating such as PFA, PTFE or ETEE, a silicon tube, or silicon coating may be provided on the surface of the fixing roller 91 such that the surface of the fixing roller has a release property from the recording sheet S. The surface layer may have conductivity. The thickness of the surface layer is preferably around 5 μm to 100 μm. Also, an angle at which the surface layer makes contact with water should be 90 degrees or more, and is desirably 110 degrees or more. The surface roughness Ra is preferably around 0.01 μm to 50 μm. For example, “PFA350-J”, “451HP-J” or “951HP Plus” manufactured by Dupont-Mitsui Fluorochemical Co., Ltd may be used for the surface layer.
In the case when the surface layer is provided on the surface of the fixing roller 91, an interlayer may be provided between the surface of the fixing roller 91 and the surface layer. A material having elasticity and high heat-resistance such as silicon rubber or fluoride rubber are desirable for the interlayer. Although the thickness of the interlayer may be arbitrary, the thickness of the interlayer is preferably around 0.05 mm to 2 mm.
The fixing belt 92 is an endless belt. The fixing belt 92 is brought into pressure-contact with the surface of the fixing roller 91 which is driven to rotate. Also, the fixing belt revolves according to the rotation of the fixing roller 91. The fixing belt 92 is composed of a belt-type material such as polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, nickel, steel or SUS. Also, a surface layer such as the fluorinated tube or a fluorinated coating such as PFA, PTFE or ETEE, a silicon tube or a silicon coating may be provided, and the surface of the material may have the release property from the recording sheet S. Furthermore, the surface layer may have conductivity. The thickness of the surface layer is preferably around 50 μm to 100 μm. Although there is no limitation on the thickness of the fixing belt 92 as a whole, the thickness of the fixing belt 92 as a whole is preferably around 0.05 mm to 2 mm.
Each of edges of the fixing belt 92 in the width direction thereof is guided by a belt guide member (not shown). This causes the fixing belt 92 to revolve within a predetermined diameter. It is preferable that the fixing belt 92 revolves in around a 20 mm to 100 mm diameter.
The pressing member 20 is provided inside the revolving path of the fixing belt 92 that faces the fixing roller 91. The pressing member 20 brings the surface (outer circumference surface) of the fixing belt 92 into pressure-contact with the surface (outer circumference surface) of the fixing roller 91. The pressing member 20 includes a rigid member 22 and an elastic member 21. The rigid member 22 presses the rear surface (inner circumferential surface) of the fixing belt 92 entirely in the width direction thereof such that the outer circumference surface of the fixing belt 92 is brought into pressure-contact with the surface of the fixing roller 91 entirely in the width direction of the fixing belt 92 (direction parallel to the axis direction of the fixing roller 91). The elastic member 21 presses, entirely in the width direction of the fixing belt 92, a portion of the rear surface of the fixing belt 92 at a position located further upstream in a direction of conveying the recording sheet S than a portion of the rear surface of the fixing belt 92 pressed by the rigid member 22.
A holding frame 23 extending along the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 entirely holds the rigid member 22. The elastic member 21 is mounted on the surface of the rigid member 22 that faces the fixing roller 91 in the downstream side of a direction of conveying the recording sheet S. The holding frame 23 is composed of a metal drawn material, a metal extruded material, a sheet metal or the like such as aluminum or steel. Also, each end portion of the holding frame 23 in the longitudinal direction thereof is capable of moving towards and away from the fixing roller 91. The holding frame 23 is supported while being biased so as to be close to the fixing roller 91 at all times by a biasing member such as a spring. In such a way, substantially uniform pressure is applied to the rigid member 22 and the elastic member 21 along the width direction of the fixing belt 92.
The elastic member 21 is composed of a single elastic body so as to have a constant rectangular cross section. The elastic member 21 is elastically brought into pressure-contact with the unfixed toner image formed on the recording sheet S. The elastic body composing the elastic member 21 is preferably a material having high heat resistance such as a silicon rubber or fluorinated rubber. The elastic member 21 should be projected closer to the fixing roller 91 compared to a top portion of a pressing part 22b of the rigid member 22 on the side of fixing roller 91. Although the length of the projection is not particularly limited, the elastic member 21 is preferably projected around 0.1 mm to 10 mm. Also, although there is no particular limitation on the rigidity of the elastic member 21, the rigidity is preferably around 15 degrees to 30 degrees on Asker C scale. Furthermore, the elastic member 21 does not have to be composed of the above-stated single elastic body. A metal plate such as SUS, aluminum or steel may be integrally provided with the elastic body with an imposition property, workability and the like taken into consideration.
Each of
Resin such as polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide or liquid crystal polymer, a metal such as aluminum or steel, or ceramic, for example, are preferable for the rigid body composing the rigid member 22. Note that the structure of the rigid member 22 is not limited to the above-stated structure, and may be any structure as long as the pressing part 22b that presses the fixing belt 92 is a rigid body.
The plate-shaped main body 22a has a longitudinal length that allows the main body 22a to oppose the fixing roller 91 in the axis direction thereof. A central portion 22e in the longitudinal direction of the rigid member 22 opposes the central portion of the fixing roller 91 in the axis direction thereof. The pressing part 22b is provided at an edge portion 22f of the main body 22a. A portion of the pressing part 22b located downstream in the sheet conveyance direction projects, in a V shape, downstream in the sheet conveyance direction such that a portion between each end portion 22h of the pressing part 22b in the longitudinal direction thereof and the central portion 22e of the pressing part 22b in the longitudinal direction thereof extends straight.
A top portion of the pressing part 22b on the fixing roller side, as shown in
As with the pressing part 22b, the opposing surface 22c has a V shape that projects downstream in the sheet conveyance direction such that a portion between each of the end portions 22h of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof and the central portion 22e of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof extends straight. An edge of the opposing surface 22c located downstream in the sheet conveyance direction is formed such that a portion between each end of the edge and a center of the edge extends straight.
The inclined surface 22d that is adjacent to the opposing surface 22c is inclined away from the fixing roller 91 as the inclined surface 22d becomes close to the downstream side of the conveyance direction.
Since the opposing surface 22c as a whole is uniformly flat along the direction of conveying the recording sheet S, a rear side (inner circumferential surface) of the fixing belt 92 is pressed in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 with substantially uniform pressure. This brings the fixing belt 92 into pressure-contact with the fixing roller 91.
As shown in
Each of the end portions 22h of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof is located upstream in the sheet conveyance direction from the central portion 22e of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof. Also, the opposing surface 22c as a whole is formed so as to be flat along the tangent line L3. Therefore, in each of the end portions 22h in the longitudinal direction of the opposing surface 22c, the central position P2 in the sheet conveyance direction is, as shown in
The rigid member 22 having such a shape is brought into pressure-contact with the fixing roller 91 via the fixing belt 92. This deforms the shape of the contact portion on the surface of the fixing roller 91 into a concave shape.
The rigid member 22 is pressed in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 towards the axis of the fixing roller 91 with substantially uniform pressure. However, a deformation volume of the portion on the surface of the fixing roller 91 that deforms into a concave shape is larger in each end portion 22h of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller 91 (the axis direction of the fixing roller 91) than in the central portion 22e of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction of the fixing roller 91. The reasons are described in the following.
When the pressure intensity per unit pressing area that acts on the surface of the fixing roller 91 by the opposing surface 22c in each of the end portions 22h thereof increases compared to the pressure intensity per unit pressing area that acts on the surface of the fixing roller 91 by the opposing surface 22c in the central portion 22e thereof, the circumferential length that the recording sheet S makes contact with the surface of the fixing roller 91 becomes longer in each of the end portions 22h in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 than in the central portion 22e. The reasons are described in the following.
That is, since the rigid member 22 has a rigidity that allows each of the end portions in the longitudinal direction of the rigid member 22 to deflect towards and away from the fixing roller 91, each of the end portions 22h of the opposing surface 22c deflects when the pressure intensity per unit surface area that acts on the surface of the fixing roller 91 by the opposing surface 22c becomes larger in each of the end portions 22h of the opposing surface 22c in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 than in the central portions 22e of the opposing surface 22c in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91. This allows a depth T2 (see
In such a way, the speed of conveying the recording sheet S becomes faster in each of the end portions 22h in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 than in the central portion 22e in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91. That is, since the fixing roller 91 rotates at constant angular speed, per unit time length (distance) that the recording sheet S is conveyed along the inner circumferential surface of the portion of the surface of the fixing roller 91 deformed into a concave shape becomes longer in each of the end portions 22h of the rigid member 22 in the longitudinal direction thereof than in the central portion 22e of the rigid member 22 in the longitudinal direction thereof.
When the recording sheet S passes through the fixing nip portion N in such a state, a width direction tension from each of edge portions of the recording sheet S towards a central portion of the recording sheet S occurs in a portion (leading end portion) of the recording sheet S, which is positioned downstream in the sheet conveyance direction and has passed through the fixing nip portion N. This makes the central portion of the recording sheet S in the width direction to be deflected, which generates tension in a portion of the recording sheet S, which is positioned upstream in the sheet conveyance direction and has not entered the fixing nip portion N. As a result, it is possible to prevent creases of the recording sheet S when the recording sheet S passes through the fixing nip portion N. This allows the clear toner image to be fixed on the recording sheet S.
Generally, it is possible to prevent the creases of the recording sheet S by making the speed of conveying the recording sheet faster in each of the end portions of the recording sheet S in the width direction thereof than in the central portion of the recording sheet S in the width direction thereof.
A ratio of a maximum pressure (peak pressure) applied by the opposing surface 22c to the central portion of the fixing roller 91 in the axis direction thereof to the a maximum pressure applied by the opposing surface 22c to each of the end portions of the fixing roller 91 in the axis direction thereof should be larger than 1 and equal to or smaller than 2, and is preferably in the range of 1.1 to 1.7.
As described in the above, in the belt-nip method that forms the fixing nip portion N between the fixing roller 91 and the elastic fixing belt 92 by pressing the fixing belt 92 with use of the rigid member 22, each end portion of the flat opposing surface 22c of the pressing part 22b of the rigid member 22 in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 is positioned more upstream in the sheet conveyance direction than a central portion of the opposing surface 22c in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91. With such a simple structure, the conveyance speed of the recording sheet S can be faster in each of the end portions 22h of the rigid member 22 in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91 than in the central portion 22e of the rigid member 22 in the axis direction of the fixing roller 91. As a result, it is not necessary to deform the shape of the rigid member 22 that presses the fixing belt 92 into a complicated shape. This markedly improves economic efficiency and productivity. Also, the position of the rigid member 22 may be determined such that the central position of the pressing member 22 in the longitudinal direction thereof is positioned on the extended line of the radius of the fixing roller 91. This means that it is possible to assemble the fixing device easily.
Note that although the edge of the opposing surface 22c of the pressing part 22b of the rigid member 22 located downstream in the sheet conveyance direction projects downstream in the sheet conveyance direction such that a portion between each of the end portions of the edge in the longitudinal direction thereof and the center of the edge in the longitudinal direction thereof extends straight, thereby making the speed of conveying the recording sheet S at edge portions of the recording sheet S in the width direction thereof faster than the speed of conveying the recording sheet in the central portion of the recording sheet S in the width direction thereof, the structure of the rigid member 22 is not limited to this. However, the pressure intensity per unit pressing area applied by the opposing surface 22c to the surface of the fixing roller 91 may be made larger in each of the end portions of the surface of the fixing roller 91 in the longitudinal direction thereof than in the central portion of the surface of the fixing roller 91 in the longitudinal direction thereof by the following steps, for example. The opposing surface 22c of the pressing part 22b of the rigid member 22 is formed so as to extend along the width direction of the fixing belt 92. The pressing area of each end portion of the flat opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof is formed so as to be smaller than the pressing area of the central portion of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof. In this case, the pressing area of the opposing surface 22c may be continuously or discontinuously reduced from each of the end portions of the opposing surface 22c towards the central portion of the opposing surface 22c.
Furthermore, although the edge portion of the opposing surface 22c located downstream in the sheet conveyance direction projects downstream in the sheet conveyance direction such that a portion between each of the end portions of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof and the central portion of the opposing surface 22c in the longitudinal direction thereof extends straight, a projection amount of the edge may gradually vary. In this case, it is preferable that the projection amount of the edge that gradually varies is as small as possible so as to prevent a tension that acts in the width direction of the recording sheet S from remarkably varying.
The present invention is widely applicable in the technical field of the image formation apparatus such as a photocopying machine provided with the belt-nip type fixing device. Since the present invention can prevent creases of recording sheets without losing the productivity and economic efficiency, the industrial utility value of the present invention is extremely high.
Although the present invention has been fully described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Therefore, unless such changes and modifications depart from the scope of the present invention, they should be construed as being included therein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008-159067 | Jun 2008 | JP | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7333762 | Oishi et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2003-005553 | Jan 2003 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20090317154 A1 | Dec 2009 | US |
