BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a dry-hanging technology for building wall material, and more particularly to the fixing structure and fixing method involved in the dry-hanging technology.
Description of the Prior Art
Building wall material such as stone and thicker tile can be fixed to building wall using dry-hanging technology. CN 102733521A discloses a common dry-hanging technology, in which a metal hanger for stone curtain walls is discussed. The hanger includes a horizontal wing and a vertical wing, both of which are provided with holes or slots. The back of the stone curtain wall is drilled, and a back bolt is installed. The threaded rod of the back bolt is connected with the hole on the vertical wing, and thus the stone curtain wall can be fixed to the building wall by the horizontal wing.
That is to say, the hanger of the prior art is fixed to the building wall material, i.e., the stone curtain wall, at a single point only by the back bolt. Although this fixing method can provide sufficient support in the static state, the stress will be concentrated on the interface between the building wall material and the back bolt during an earthquake. Under severe shaking, the highly concentrated stress can cause the building wall material to crack at the interface, and then the building wall material may fall off, which not only causes property losses, but also endangers personal safety.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In light of the foregoing, one object of the present invention is to provide a fixing structure and a fixing method that can increase the fixing strength.
To achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides a fixing structure for a building wall material, which includes a first anchoring unit and a second anchoring unit. The first anchoring unit includes a first locking section, an abutting section and a first anchoring section. The abutting section is connected between the first locking section and the first anchoring section. The first locking section is extended in a direction away from the building wall material. There is an included angle of no more than 90° between the first anchoring section and the abutting section. The first anchoring section is adapted to be embedded in a first groove of the building wall material. The second anchoring unit includes a second locking section and a second anchoring section. The second locking section is adapted to form a mechanical connection with the first locking section. The second anchoring section is connected to the second locking section, and the second anchoring section is adapted to be embedded in a second groove of the building wall material or to be leaned against a peripheral surface of the building wall material.
In one of the fixing structures of the present invention, a fixing unit is further included. At least one of the first and second locking sections is adapted to form a mechanical connection with the fixing unit, and the fixing unit is adapted to be fixed on a building wall.
In one of the fixing structures of the present invention, the second anchoring section is perpendicular to the abutting section.
In one of the fixing structures of the present invention, the second anchoring unit further includes a hook connected to an end, which is away from the second locking section, of the second anchoring section. The hook is extended toward the first anchoring section, and the hook is adapted to be embedded to a third groove on the peripheral surface of the building wall material.
In one of the fixing structures of the present invention, a plug pin is further included to be inserted into a socket on the peripheral surface of the building wall material. The second anchoring section has a hollow part for the plug pin to pass therethrough. The plug pin is adapted to be clamped between the hook and the building wall material.
In one of the fixing structures of the present invention, a carriage bolt set and a second carriage bolt set are further included. The first and second locking sections are mechanically connected by the carriage bolt set. The fixing unit is mechanically connected with at least one of the first and second locking sections by the second carriage bolt set.
In one of the fixing structures of the present invention, the first and second locking sections are not parallel to each other and abut on a fulcrum. The carriage bolt set is installed at a position between the fulcrum and the building wall material.
In one of the fixing structure of the present invention, the included angle between the first anchoring section and the abutting section is between 45° to 80°.
To achieve the above and other objects, the present invention further provides a J-shaped fixing method for a building wall material, which utilizes at least one of the aforementioned fixing structures. The building wall material includes a decorative surface, a fixing surface and a plurality of peripheral surfaces connected between the decorative surface and the fixing surface. The J-shaped fixing method includes:
Forming at least one first groove on the fixing surface;
Embedding the first anchoring section in the first groove, leaning the second anchoring section against one of the peripheral surfaces, and mechanically connecting the first and second locking sections;
Mechanically connecting one of the first and second locking sections to the fixing unit; and
Fixing the fixing unit on the building wall.
With the above-mentioned new dry-hanging technology, the building wall material can be firmly fixed to a fixed structure. Since the first and second anchoring sections can provide gripping force to the building wall material in two positions, the stress on the building wall material will not be concentrated on a single position but can be dispersed on the structure between the first and second anchoring sections, as a whole, even in a dynamic shaking environment. Therefore, in can greatly enhance the seismic resistance of building wall materials and improve safety.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fixing structure in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an explosive view of a fixing structure in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a section view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a fixing structure in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a section view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fixing structure in accordance with the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a section view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a section view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a section view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a section view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 15A and 15B are section views of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the eighth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a section view of the use state of a fixing structure in accordance with the nineth embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 17 and 18 are perspective views of the use state of a fixing structure of the present invention;
FIGS. 19A, 19B and 19C are perspective views of the flow charts of the J-shaped fixing method in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 20A, 20B and 20C are perspective views of the flow charts of the J-shaped fixing method in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Please refer to FIGS. 1-4 for a fixing structure in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention. The fixing structure includes a first anchoring unit 10, a second anchoring unit 20, a fixing unit 30, a carriage bolt set 40 and a second carriage bolt set 50. The fixing structure of the present invention is adapted to fix building wall materials 1 on a building wall. The building wall material can be, for example, slate, artificial slate, tile, composite board or other similar wall materials, and can be used in dry-hanging applications. The building wall material 1 has a decorative surface 3, a fixing surface 4 and a plurality of peripheral surfaces 5 connecting between the decorative surface 3 and the fixing surface 4.
The first anchoring unit 10 includes a first locking section 11, an abutting section 12 and a first anchoring section 13. The abutting section 12 is connected between the first locking section 11 and the first anchoring section 13. The first locking section 11 is extended toward a direction away from the building wall material 1, and the first locking section 11 has a first slot 111. The first anchoring section 13 is adapted to be embedded in a first groove 1A of the fixing surface 4 of the building wall material. There is an included angle of no more than 90° between the first anchoring section 13 and the abutting section 12. In some possible embodiments, the included angle is ranging from 45-80°, such as 60°, so as to more securely fixing the building wall material 1. In some possible embodiments, after the first anchoring section 13 is embedded in the first groove 1A, the gap between the two is filled with plastic-steel soil to further improve the bonding strength of the two.
The second anchoring unit 20 includes a second locking section 21 and a second anchoring section 22. The second locking section 21 has a second slot 211, and the second locking section 21 is mechanically connected to the first locking section 11 by the carriage bolt set 40. The carriage bolt set 40 includes a carriage bolt 41 and a nut 42. The carriage bolt 41 has a bolt head 411, a square neck section 412 and a threaded rod 413. The nut 42 and the threaded rod 413 are screwed together, and a washer is displaced between the nut 42 and the first and second locking section 11 and 21. The square neck section 412 is located in the first and second slots 111 and 211 to prevent the carriage bolt set 40 from rotating. The second anchoring section 22 is connected to an end of the second locking section 21, and the second anchoring section 22 is embedded in a second groove 1B of the fixing surface 4 of the building wall material. The second anchoring section 22 is perpendicular to the abutting section 12, such that the first and second anchoring sections 13, 22 can be clamped against the building wall material 1 in two directions while the abutting section 12 can support the fixing surface 4 of the building wall material. As such, the three can form a firm grip on the build wall material, and their side profile is similar to the “J” shape. In the present embodiment, the first and second locking sections form a locking connection. In other possible embodiments, the first and second locking sections can form a welded connection, simultaneous locking and welded connections, or lock them first, weld them, then release the locking connection.
The fixing unit 30 has a horizontal section 31 and a vertical section 32. The horizontal section 31 has a third slot 311. The fixing unit 30 forms a mechanical connection with the first and second locking sections 11, 21 by the second carriage bolt set 50. Similar to carriage bolt set 40, the second carriage bolt set 50 also has a carriage bolt and a nut. The vertical section 32 also has a slot and can be fixed to the building wall by an expansion anchor or a self-tapping screw.
As shown in FIG. 4, the fixing structure of the present invention can form two-direction clamping to fix the building wall material by two anchoring units. Even in a dynamic shaking environment, the stress can be dispersed in the stress area between the two anchoring units. That is, the stress will not highly concentrated on specific points, which makes the fixing structure of the present invention not only simple to implement and low in cost, but also able to withstand a larger degree of shaking. Therefore, seismic performance and safety performance can be significantly improved.
Please refer to FIGS. 5 and 6 for a fixing structure in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The difference is that there is an obtuse angle between the second anchoring section 22 and the second locking section 21. That is, the first and second anchoring sections 13 and 22 hold the building wall material 1 in two opposite direction and form a firm grip on the building wall material 1.
Please refer to FIGS. 7-9 for fixing structure in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The second anchoring section 22 leans against the top peripheral surface 5 of the building wall material, and the second anchoring unit 20 further includes a hook 23 connected to the end of the second anchoring section 22 away from the second locking section 21. The hook 23 is extended toward the first anchoring section 13, and the hook is embedded in the third groove 1C on the peripheral surface 5 of the building wall material. Thereby, the building wall material 1 can be firmly fixed. In addition, the slot 321 of the vertical section 32 of the fixing unit 30 of the present embodiment is open in the vertical direction, such that the fixing unit 30 can be hung on the expansion anchor 8 in the vertical direction, which is convenient for installation.
Please refer to FIGS. 10 and 11 for the fixing structure in accordance with the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The fourth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment. The fixing structure further includes a plug pin 60 that can be inserted into a socket 6 on the peripheral wall 5 of the building wall material. The second anchoring section 22 has a hollow part 221 for the plug pin 60 to pass therethrough, and thus the plug pin 60 can be sandwiched between the hook 23 and the building wall material. In addition, the top part of the plug pin 60 which exposed on the peripheral surface 5 can also be used for inserting and positioning the bottom of another building wall material located above (not shown).
Please refer to FIG. 12 for the fixing structure in accordance with the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The fifth embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The first and second locking sections 11, 21 are not parallel to each other but abut on a fulcrum P. The carriage bolt set 40 is locked at a position between the fulcrum P and the building wall material 1, which makes the first and second anchoring units 10 and 20 form a lever system. The carriage bolt group 40 is used to apply force to the lever system. The applied force can be adjusted by the depth of the nut 42. Such a lever system can significantly increase the clamping force of the first and second anchoring sections, and thus the lever system can provide extremely stable clamping performance.
Please refer to FIG. 13 for the fixing structure in accordance with the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The sixth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment, except that the vertical section 32 of the fixing unit 30 is fixed on the building wall by self-tapping screws.
Please refer to FIG. 14 for the fixing structure in accordance with the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The seventh embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The fixing unit 30 further includes an extension piece 35, which forms a mechanical connection with the vertical section 32. The extension piece 35 can be fixed to the building wall. The upper part of the vertical section 32 is higher than the uppermost peripheral surface 5 of the building wall material 1, allowing the builder to load and unload the nut 71 of the carriage bolt set 70 through the gap above the building wall material 1. As such, the building wall material 1 can be disassembled and replaced, and is convenient for inspection and easier to install.
Please refer to FIGS. 15A and 15B for the fixing structure in accordance with the eighth embodiment of the present invention. The eighth embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The abutting section 12 has a through hole 121. The second anchoring unit 20 includes a bolt 24 and a second anchoring section 25. The bolt 24 is inserted through the through hole 121. The second anchoring section 25 has a large-diameter section, which is an expandable ring 251 in the present embodiment. The bolt 24 is adapted to thread with the second anchoring section 25 and expand the expandable ring 251 from the inside out. Thus, the second anchoring unit 20 forms a mechanical connection with the abutting section 12 while the second anchoring section 25 is embedded in an anchor hole 7 of the building wall material 1. The anchor hole 7 has a larger diameter on the inside than the outside, and the contour of the large-diameter section is larger than the cross section of the opening of the anchor hole 7 where the anchor hole 7 has the smallest diameter. Thereby, the first and second anchoring sections can also provide gripping force to the building wall material at two positions.
Please refer to FIG. 16 for the fixing structure in accordance with the nineth embodiment of the present invention. The nineth embodiment is similar to the second embodiment, except that the vertical section 14 is directly formed at one end of the first locking section, which can be directly fixed on the building wall.
Please refer to FIGS. 17 and 18. The fixing surface 4 of the building wall material can be installed with an unlimited number of fixing structures at different positions as desired. In other possible embodiments, the fixing structure of the present invention can also be installed along with fixing structures of other types.
The J-shaped fixing method of the present invention will be discussed through several embodiments.
First, referring to FIG. 19A, forming a first groove 1A and a second groove 1B on the fixing surface 4, respectively, in which the number of the first and second grooves can be adjusted according to the number of the fixing structures to be installed;
Next, as shown in FIG. 19B, embedding the first anchoring section 13 in the first groove 1A, then embedding the second anchoring section 22 in the second groove 1B, and then installing the carriage bolt set 40 so that the first and second locking sections 11, 21 are mechanically connected with each other;
Then, as shown in FIG. 19C, installing the second carriage bolt set 50 so that the first and second locking sections 11, 21 are mechanically connected to the horizontal section 31 of the fixing unit 30;
Finally, as shown in FIG. 4, fixing the fixing unit 30 on the building wall with the expansion anchor 8 to complete the dry-hanging of the building wall material.
Please refer to FIG. 20A. In another possible embodiment, a first groove 1A is formed on the fixing surface 4, and a third groove 1C is formed on the uppermost peripheral surface 5;
Next, as shown in FIG. 20B, embedding the first anchoring section 13 in the first groove 1A, leaning the second anchoring section 22 against the uppermost peripheral surface 5, then embedding the hook 23 in the third groove 1C, and then installing the carriage bolt set 40 so that the first and second locking sections 11, 12 are connected with each other;
Next, as shown in FIG. 20C, installing the second carriage bolt set 50 so that the first and second locking sections 11, 21 are mechanically connected to the horizontal section 31 of the fixing unit 30;
Finally, fixing the fixing unit on the building wall with an expansion anchor to complete the dry-hanging of the building wall material.
With the above-mentioned new dry-hanging technology, the building wall material can be firmly fixed to a fixed structure. Since the first and second anchoring sections can provide gripping force to the building wall material in two positions, the stress on the building wall material will not be concentrated on a single position but can be dispersed on the structure between the first and second anchoring sections, as a whole, even in a dynamic shaking environment. Therefore, in can greatly enhance the seismic resistance of building wall materials and improve safety.
Patent Application
20220205252
