The present invention relates to a fixture capable of setting a plate-like workpiece in an inclined state.
Conventionally, when processing a plate-like workpiece, the workpiece is set on a fixture in an inclined state. An example of such a fixture is described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-179472. In this fixture, a suction member for sucking air is disposed in a through hole in a supporting body for supporting a workpiece in an inclined state. The workpiece is attracted to the fixture by the suction force. Immediately after starting suctioning the air with the suction member, the workpiece is attracted to the fixture with a relatively weak force. As the air is continuously sucked by the suction member, the work piece is attracted and fixed to the fixture with a strong force.
According the fixture disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-179472, a workpiece is attracted and fixed to the fixture with a stronger force the closer the suction member, which continuously sucks air, moves toward the workpiece. This is due to the suction force when the suction member comes in close contact with the workpiece. Therefore, when using the above fixture, the problem arises that it is difficult to maintain a workpiece in an attracted state to a fixture using only a relatively weak force, thereby preventing easy adjustment of a position of the workpiece.
According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a fixture allows a plate-like workpiece to be set in an inclined state. This fixture may include a supporting body. The supporting body is configured to abut a plate surface of the workpiece to support the workpiece in an inclined state. Further, the fixture may include a base portion, a lip portion protruding from a surface of the base portion to form an elliptical ring shape, and a pad. The pad allows the plate surface of the workpiece to abut the lip portion. Furthermore, the fixture may include a negative-pressure unit configured to allow the plate surface of the workpiece to be in the attracted state with the pad. This may be accomplished by creating a negative pressure within a space enclosed by the plate surface and the pad when the pad is abutted to the plate surface of the workpiece. This negative-pressure unit can switch between a shutdown state, in which the attracted state is not achieved, a weakly attracted state, in which the attracted state is achieved using a relatively weak negative pressure, and a firmly attracted state, in which the attracted state is achieved using a relatively strong negative pressure.
Hereinafter, a fixture 10 according to the first embodiment, which is one of the embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure, will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in
The fixture 10 may be disposed in a facility 91 in which a plurality of air pressure sources 91A, 91B are arranged, as shown in
Further, as shown in
Further, as shown in
Further, as shown in
Further, the fixture 10 may include a cuboid housing 20A on the rear side of the leg portion 10A. This housing 20A is placed on a remote-controllable controller unit 23A installed on a floor of the facility 91. Further, the air pressure sources 91A, 91B of the facility 91 may be connected to a rear side of the housing 20A. Here, the control unit 23A serves to control the operation of an electric actuator 23B by controlling electric energy supplied to the electric actuator 23B (see
A pad 12 is placed on an upper inner edge of the rectangular frame of the supporting body 11. The supporting body 11 is supported in an inclined state by the inclined supports 10B. A side of the pad 12 configured to be abutted to the plate surface 91A of the front door panel 90 is oriented toward the supporting body 11. This pad 12 may be structured such that a lip portion 12A made of elastomer protrudes from a surface of a metal base portion 12B, so as to form an elliptical ring shape, as shown in
In addition, as shown in
Further, a first suction passage 24 and a second suction passage 25 may be provided in the area 12C of the base portion 12B of the pad 12. An opening of each of the first and second suction passages 24, 25 is spaced apart from each other. One end of the second suction passage 25 opens in the center of the ellipse of the area 12C (see opening 25B in
Further, the first suction passage 24 may be a bifurcated branch pipe (see
Further, as shown in
Further, as shown in
Further, as shown in
Further, as shown in
As shown in
Further, the negative-pressure unit 20 may include a switching system 23. The switching system 23 is configured to switch connections so that a filter 24A for a first suction passage 24, a filter 25A for a second suction passage 25, a suction port 21A for the weak suction device 21, and a suction port 22A for the strong suction device 22 may be selectively connected, respectively. This switching system 23 may include an electric actuator 23B and serve to switch connected state of each of the components attached to the switching system 23 into one of (A), (B), or (C) states, which will be described later, in response to the operation of this electric actuator 23B.
(A) is a state in which both suction ports 21A, 22A are closed, while the filter 24A and the filter 25A are both opened to ambient air. In this state, suction of air through both the first suction passage 24 and the second suction passage 25 is shutdown. As a result, even when the packing portion 12G of the pad 12 abuts the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90, the negative-pressure unit 20 is in a shutdown state, in which the plate surface 90A is not attracted thereto.
(B) is a state in which the filter 25A and the suction port 22A are disconnected, while the filter 24A and the suction port 21A are connected. In this state, the weak suction device 21 sucks air through the first suction passage 24. The suction of air through the second suction passage 25 is shutdown. At this time, a weakly attracted state arises. In the weakly attracted state, the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 is attracted with a relatively weak negative pressure when the packing portion 12G of the pad 12 abuts the plate surface 90A.
(C) is a state in which a suction port 21A and the filter 24A are disconnected, while the filter 25A and the suction passage 22A are connected. In this state, the strong suction device 22 sucks air through the second suction passage 25. Further, the suction of air through the first suction passage 24 is shutdown. At this time, a firmly attracted state arises. In the firmly attracted state, the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 is attracted with a relatively strong negative pressure when the packing portion 12G of the pad 12 abuts the plate surface 90A.
Further, the electric actuator 23B operates in response to the operation of a remote controller (not shown) of the control unit 23A. However, the electric actuator 23B can instead be set so as to operate in accordance with a robot program, which is input in advance to the control unit 23A.
Subsequently, a method for carrying out a desired process on the front door panel 90 using the fixture 10 constituting each of the above-described components will be described. When using the fixture 10, an operator (not shown) operates a remote controller (not shown) of the control unit 23A in advance such that the switching system 23 for the negative-pressure unit 20 is switched to the above-described (A) state.
The operator then leans the front door panel 90 against the supporting body 11 of the fixture 10, such that this front door panel 90 is placed in an inclined state against the fixture 10. At this time, the operator presses the front door panel 90 with his/her hand to achieve the abutted state (see a virtual line in
Subsequently, the switching system 23 for the negative-pressure unit 20 is switched from the above-described (A) state to the above-described (B) state. In response, the strong suction device 21 of the negative-pressure unit 20 starts sucking air through the first suction passage 24 so that inside spaces 90D (see
At this time, the packing portions 12G are deformed, so as to be crushed, due to the atmospheric pressure applied to the front door panel 90 from the side opposite to the space 90D under negative pressure, as illustrated by the virtual line in
As a result, the negative-pressure unit 20 allows the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 to be in an attracted state to the pad 12. This attracted state corresponds to the “second state” in the present disclosure. In the second state, the air is sucked through the first suction passage 24, while flow of the air through the second suction passage 25 is shutdown. In other words, the negative-pressure unit 20 switches from the first state to the second state.
Since the attraction force acting on the front door panel 90 in the second state is relatively weak, the front door panel 90 is temporarily fixed. This allows the front door panel 90 to be capable of slidably moving on the supporting body 11 of the fixture 10. As a result, the operator can easily adjust the position of the temporarily fixed front door panel 90.
Further, since the attraction force is relatively weak compared to the counteraction of the lip portion 12A of the pad 12, a deformation amount of the lip portion 12A due to the attraction force will be negligibly small in the second state. Therefore, in the second state, a distance 90C between the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 and the base portion 12B of the pad 12 is greater than the protrusion length 121 (see
After the position of the front door panel 90 is appropriately adjusted while being held in the second state, the switching system 23 of the negative-pressure unit 20 is switched to the above-described (C) state. Accordingly, the negative-pressure unit 20 switches the suction path of the air from the first suction passage 24, which corresponds to the weak suction device 21, to the second suction passage 25, which corresponds to the strong suction device 22. The negative-pressure unit 20 accordingly reduces the pressure in the space 90B enclosed by the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 and the lip portion 12A of the pad 12. The pressure in the space 90B is reduced to be lower than the pressure in the space 90D.
As a result, the negative-pressure unit 20 brings the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 into a firmly attracted state, in which the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 is attracted to the pad 12 by a relatively strong force. This firmly attracted state corresponding to the “third state” of the present disclosure. In the third state, air is sucked through the second suction passage 25, while the flow of air through the first suction passage 24 is shutdown. In other words, the negative-pressure unit 20 switches from the second state to the third state.
The attraction force acting on the front door panel 90 in the third state allows the front door panel 90 to be stably held relative to the fixture 10. The operator may then easily perform a desired process on the front door panel 90, since it was brought into the held state.
Further, in the third state, since the attraction force becomes relatively strong compared with the counteraction force of the lip portion 12A of the pad 12, the lip portion 12A is deformed so as to be crushed, due to the attraction force (see solid lines in
As shown in
After a desired process is performed on the front door panel 90 in the above third state, the switching system 23 of the negative-pressure unit 20 is switched to the above-described (A) state. At this time, the filter 24A of the first suction passage 24 and the filter 25A of the second suction passage 25 are opened to the ambient air, so that the negative pressure within the space 90D and the space 90B is released. As a result, the front door panel 90 is in a state where it can be freely removed from the fixture 10. Accordingly, the operator may remove the front door panel 90 from the fixture 10 and finish the work.
According to the fixture 10 described above, a switching system 23 of the negative-pressure unit 20 can change whether the front door panel 90 is attracted by the weak suction device 21 with a relatively weak suction force or the strong suction device 22 with a relatively strong suction force. As a result, the weak suction device 21 maintains a desired state, in which the front door panel 90 is attracted to the fixture 10 such that the position of the front door panel 90 can be easily adjusted while this state is maintained.
Further, the fixture 10 serves to prevent air flowing through the first suction passage 24 when the front door panel 90 is attracted by a relatively strong suction force of the strong suction device 22. As a result, it is possible to avoid the attraction force of the front door panel 90 from being weakened by air being sucked from this first suction passage 24. Further, the fixture 10 allows the packing portion 12G of the pad 12 to function as a packing for preventing air from being sucked from the first suction passage 24 when the front door panel 90 is attracted by a relatively strong suction force of the strong suction device 22.
Furthermore, the fixture 10 allows a protrusion 12H of the pad 12 to function as a spacer when the front door panel 90 is attracted with a relatively strong suction force by the strong suction device 22. This prevents the front door panel 90 from being bent due to the negative pressure. This also helps prevent the space 90B sucked due to the bending of this front door panel 90 from being crushed. Moreover, the fixture 10 allows for a gap between the protrusion 12H of the pad 12 and the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 when the front door panel 90 is attracted by a relatively weak suction force of the weak suction device 21. This may avoid the situation where the protrusion 12H of the pad 12 prevents the suction of air by the weak suction device 21.
Next, a fixture 30 according to a second embodiment, which is one of the embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure, will be described with reference to the drawings. This fixture 30 is a modification of the fixture 10 according to the above-described first embodiment. Therefore, structures of the fixture 30 corresponding to each of the structures of the fixture 10 will not be described in detail. Similar reference numerals are assigned to each of these structures so as to correspond to the reference numerals of the first embodiment.
As shown in
Here, the negative-pressure unit 40 may include only one suction passage 45 for sucking air. Specifically, the fixture 30 may include a pad 32 capable of sucking air through the suction passage 45, as an alternative to the pad 12 (see
Further, the pad 32 may be provided with a skirt portion 32E. The skirt portion 32E may frame a base portion 32B and may protrude so as to surround the periphery of a ring formed by a lip portion 32A, as shown in
Furthermore, the skirt portion 32E may include an end edge portion 32G formed in a strip. The end edge portion 32G can be bent by a large amount due to an external force. This end edge portion 32G protrudes in an inclined state from the base portion 32B in a direction toward a peripheral side of the base portion 32B. The end edge portion 32G protrudes toward the side of the plate surface 90A (upper side in
Hereinafter, a method for carrying out a desired process on the front door panel 90 using the fixture 30 having each of the above-described structures will be described. When using the fixture 30, the operator (not shown) switches the negative-pressure unit 40 into a shutdown state by operating a remote controller (not shown) of the control unit 43A in advance.
Subsequently, the operator leans the front door panel 90 against the supporting body 31 of the fixture 30, such that the front door panel 90 is placed in an inclined state with respect to the fixture 30. At this time, the end edge portion 32G of the pad 32 is abutted to the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90.
The negative-pressure unit 40 is then switched from the shutdown state to the state in which the suction of air is carried out with a relatively weak negative pressure. This causes the inside of the space 90D (see
Thereby, the negative-pressure unit 40 allows the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 to be attracted to the pad 32. This state corresponds to a “weakly attracted state” in the present disclosure. The distance 90C between the base portion 32B and the plate surface 90A of the front door panel 90 in this weakly attracted state is smaller than the protrusion length 32K. Further, in the weakly attracted state, deformation of the end edge portion 32G of the skirt portion 32E is negligibly small, compared to the possible deformation of the skirt portion 32E. Therefore, the front door panel 90 is brought into a temporarily fixed state, so as to be able to be moved, within the resilient limitation of the skirt portion 32E, in a direction corresponding to the surface of the base portion 32B (left-right direction in
After the position of the front door panel 90 has been appropriately adjusted while in the weakly attracted state, a force oriented toward the base portion 32B of the pad 32 (downwardly oriented in
The operator may then carry out a desired process on the front door panel 90. At this time, if the attraction force acting on the front door panel 90 is too weak to securely hold this front door panel 90 to the fixture 30, the operator may increase the negative pressure generated by the negative-pressure unit 40. The operator thus can operate the negative-pressure unit 40 to bring the front door panel 90 into the firmly attracted state (see virtual line in
After the desired process is performed on the front door panel 90, the operator places the negative-pressure unit 40 in a shutdown state. At this time, the suction passage 45 is opened to ambient air, so that the negative pressure within the space 90D is released. As a result, the front door panel 90 is capable of being freely removed from the fixture 30. The operator may then remove the front door panel 90 from the fixture 30 to complete the work.
With the above-described fixture 30, the negative-pressure unit 40 can change whether the front door panel 90 is attracted with a relatively weak suction force or with a relatively strong suction force. As a result, the position of the front door panel 90 can be easily adjusted when the front door panel 90 is attracted to the fixture 30 in the weakly attracted state while this state is maintained.
Further, the fixture 30 allows the front door panel 90 to move in a direction corresponding to the surface of the base portion 32B, within the resilient limitation of the skirt portion 32E. This may be done when the front door panel 90 is attracted in the weakly attracted state while this attracted state is maintained. In this way, the operator can easily adjust the position of the front door panel 90, which is brought into the above-described temporarily fixed state.
As mentioned above, the embodiments for carrying out the present invention have been described with reference to the first embodiment and the second embodiment. However, a person with ordinary skill in the art will understand that various alternatives, corrections, and/or modifications can be made without departing from the object of the present disclosure. More specifically, the embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure may include all alternatives, corrections, and/or modifications without departing from the gist and the object of the claims appended to the present specification. For example, the below embodiments may be carried out as modified embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure.
(1) The fixture 10 shown in
(2) The weak suction device and the strong suction device for the negative-pressure unit are not limited to an ejector pump driven by the air pressure sources that supply compressed air of different pressures. That is, for example, a specific device used as a weak suction device or a strong suction device may be changed by replacing the weak suction device with an oil rotary pump, and the strong suction device with a pump assembly incorporating a mechanical booster pump, etc.
(3) In the pad of the fixture, the number and specific shape of the protrusions provided in the area inside of the ring formed by the lip portion can be changed. Also, one or both of these protrusions and/or packing portion may be omitted from the pad of the fixture.
(4) The fixture 30 shown in
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2017-172116 | Sep 2017 | JP | national |
The present application is a U.S. National Phase entry of, and claims priority to, PCT Application No. PCT/JP2018/029819, filed Aug. 8, 2018, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-172116, filed Sep. 7, 2017, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties for all purposes.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2018/029819 | 8/8/2018 | WO | 00 |