Patent Application
20210247067
The present disclosure relates to a flame-hole structure of a combustion apparatus. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a flame-hole structure of a combustion apparatus including a plurality of flame-holes for forming a flame.
A gas combustion apparatus refers to an apparatus for burning a supplied fuel gas to generate heat. When the fuel gas is burned in the combustion apparatus, NOx (nitrogen oxide) is generated. NOx not only causes acid rain, but also irritates eyes and a respiratory organ and kills plants. Therefore, NOx is regulated as a main air pollutant. When an air-fuel mixture (hereinafter, referred to as lean gas) with a relatively low fuel ratio is used in the combustion apparatus, NOx emission may be reduced. However, when the lean gas is used, the burning velocity is reduced so that combustion stability is weakened and carbon monoxide (CO) emission is increased.
Accordingly, a lean-rich burner for reducing NOx emission and enhancing the stability of burning has been developed. The lean-rich burner refers to a burner configured such that a rich flame is located in an appropriate position around a lean flame. The rich flame refers to a flame generated when an air-fuel mixture (hereinafter, referred to as rich gas) with a relatively high fuel ratio is burned. In the lean-rich burner, a tertiary flame is formed while unburned fuel of the rich flame reacts with excess air of the lean flame, and therefore the combustion stability of the lean flame may be enhanced. This effect is called a flame stabilizing effect.
However, according to the flame-hole structure illustrated in
Furthermore, in a case where as in region B of
The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art. An aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a flame-hole structure of a combustion apparatus for reducing NOx emission and improving a flame stabilizing effect by stably maintaining a lean flame and a rich flame.
A flame-hole structure of a combustion apparatus having a plurality of flame-holes for forming a flame includes a lean flame-hole part having a plurality of lean flame-holes arranged along a width direction perpendicular to a jetting direction of lean gas as flame-holes through which the lean gas is jetted and a rich flame-hole part having a pair of rich flame-holes provided on opposite sides of the lean flame-hole part with respect to the width direction as flame-holes through which rich gas is jetted. The lean flame-hole part includes a first region in which widths of the lean flame-holes along the width direction are constant along a lengthwise direction perpendicular to the jetting direction and the width direction and second regions provided on opposite sides of the first region along the lengthwise direction, the widths of the lean flame-holes along the width direction being narrower in the second regions than in the first region, and the lean flame-hole part and the rich flame-hole part are brought into close contact with each other in at least part of the second regions.
The lean flame-hole part may further include a plurality of lean plates disposed to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval while facing each other along the width direction, and the lean flame-holes may be formed in separation spaces between the lean plates. The rich flame-hole part may further include a plurality of rich plates disposed to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval while facing each other along the width direction, and the rich flame-holes may be formed in separation spaces between the rich plates.
The plurality of lean plates may include a bending portion bent toward the center of the lean flame-hole part along the width direction to form the second regions and lean plate horizontal-portions extending from opposite ends of the bending portion along a direction parallel to the lengthwise direction, and the plurality of rich plates may include a protruding portion protruding toward the bending portion to correspond to the bending portion and rich plate horizontal-portions extending from opposite ends of the protruding portion along the direction parallel to the lengthwise direction.
A protruding portion of a first rich plate located in the innermost position with respect to the width direction among the plurality of rich plates may be brought into close contact with at least part of a bending portion of a first lean plate located in the outermost position with respect to the width direction among the plurality of lean plates.
The protruding portion of the first rich plate may include a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface extending from the adjacent rich plate horizontal-portions so as to be inclined toward the center of the lean flame-hole part along the width direction and a first horizontal surface extending along the direction parallel to the lengthwise direction to connect distal ends of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface. The bending portion of the first lean plate may include a third inclined surface and a fourth inclined surface extending from the adjacent lean plate horizontal-portions so as to be inclined toward the center of the lean flame-hole part along the width direction and a second horizontal surface extending along the lengthwise direction to connect distal ends of the third inclined surface and the fourth inclined surface. The first horizontal surface may be brought into contact with the second horizontal surface.
A protruding portion of a first rich plate located in the innermost position with respect to the width direction among the plurality of rich plates may be brought into close contact with the entirety of a bending portion of a first lean plate located in the outermost position with respect to the width direction among the plurality of lean plates.
The protruding portion of the first rich plate may include a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface extending from the adjacent rich plate horizontal-portions so as to be inclined toward the center of the lean flame-hole part along the width direction and a first horizontal surface extending along the lengthwise direction to connect distal ends of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface. The bending portion of the first lean plate may include a third inclined surface and a fourth inclined surface extending from the adjacent lean plate horizontal-portions so as to be inclined toward the center of the lean flame-hole part along the width direction and a second horizontal surface extending along the lengthwise direction to connect distal ends of the third inclined surface and the fourth inclined surface. The first inclined surface may be brought into close contact with the third inclined surface, the second inclined surface may be brought into close contact with the fourth inclined surface, and the first horizontal surface may be brought into close contact with the second horizontal surface.
A reference region may refer to a region defined at an upper end of each of the rich flame-holes by first and second lines that are virtual lines across the rich flame-hole and a pair of rich plates that form part of the rich flame-hole between the first and second lines, and the plurality of rich plates may be designed such that in a region from at least one rich plate horizontal-portion through an adjacent protruding portion of a rich plate to another rich plate horizontal-portion, the sum of amounts of heat transferred to a pair of rich plates that form reference regions having the same size is substantially the same in the reference regions when a flame is generated by the rich gas.
The plurality of rich plates may be designed such that the sum of lengths of upper ends of the pair of rich plates that form the reference regions is substantially the same in the reference regions having the same size.
The flame-hole structure may further include a partitioning part that is formed between a first lean plate located in the outermost position with respect to the width direction among the plurality of lean plates and a first rich plate located in the innermost position with respect to the width direction among the plurality of rich plates and through which the lean gas and the rich gas are not jetted.
According to the present disclosure, the lean flame-hole part and the rich flame-hole part are brought into close contact with each other in at least part of the second region in which the width of the lean flame-hole is relatively narrow. Thus, in the second region, the rich flame may reduce the instability of the lean flame.
In addition, according to the present disclosure, flames are stably maintained in the entire regions of the lean flame-hole and the rich flame-hole. Thus, NOx emission may be reduced, and a flame stabilizing effect may be uniformly achieved.
Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the exemplary drawings. In adding the reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the identical or equivalent component is designated by the identical numeral even when they are displayed on other drawings. Further, in describing the embodiment of the present disclosure, a detailed description of well-known features or functions will be ruled out in order not to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present disclosure.
Through repeated experiments and studies for solving the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present disclosure have found the cause of the lifting phenomenon in regions A and B of
Even in the case of regions A and B of
Accordingly, to solve the aforementioned problems, the inventors of the present disclosure have derived flame-hole structures of a combustion apparatus as follows.
The flame-hole structure according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a lean flame-hole part 10 and a rich flame-hole part 20.
The lean flame-hole part 10 includes a plurality of lean flame-holes 11 through which lean gas is jetted. The plurality of lean flame-holes 11 are arranged along a width direction y that is a direction perpendicular to the jetting direction z of the lean gas. The number of lean flame-holes 11 is not specially limited.
The rich flame-hole part 20 includes a pair of rich flame-holes 21 through which rich gas is jetted. The pair of rich flame-holes 21 are provided on opposite sides of the lean flame-hole part 10 with respect to the width direction y.
The lean gas jetted from the lean flame-holes 11 is burned to form a lean flame, and the rich gas jetted from the rich flame-holes 21 is burned to form a rich flame. As the pair of rich flame-holes 21 are provided on the opposite sides of the lean flame-hole part 10 and surround the lean flame-holes 11, a flame stabilizing effect may occur while the lean flame and the rich flame exchange heat with each other.
The lean flame-hole part 10 includes first regions 10b and second regions 10a. The first regions 10b refer to regions in which the widths of the lean flame-holes 11 along the width direction y are constant along a lengthwise direction x perpendicular to the jetting direction z and the width direction y. Here, “constant” means consistency to a degree that substantially the same action is achieved in the art to which the present disclosure pertains, even though there is a slight numerical difference. The second regions 10a refer to regions that are provided on opposite sides of each first region 10b along the lengthwise direction x and in which the widths of the lean flame-holes 11 along the width direction y are smaller than those in the first region 10b.
The lean flame-hole part 10 and the rich flame-hole part 20 are designed such that a flame stabilizing effect between the lean flame and the rich flame effectively occurs. For example, the lean flame-hole part 10 and the rich flame-hole part 20 are provided to be brought into close contact with each other in at least parts of the second regions 10a.
As described above, due to a lifting effect, the lean flame may be unstable in the second regions 10a in which the widths of the lean flame-holes 11 along the width direction y are relatively small. However, as the lean flame-hole part 10 and the rich flame-hole part 20 are provided to be brought into close contact with each other in the at least parts of the second regions 10a, the distance between the lean flame and the rich flame generated in the second regions 10a is decreased so that the rich flame can reduce the instability of the lean flame. As a result, a flame stabilizing effect may stably occur even in the second regions 10a.
The lean flame-hole part 10 may further include a plurality of lean plates 110 for forming the lean flame-holes 11, and the rich flame-hole part 20 may further include a plurality of rich plates 120 for forming the rich flame-holes 21.
The plurality of lean plates 110 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals while facing each other along the width direction y. The lean flame-holes 11 may be formed in separation spaces between the lean plates 110. Likewise, the plurality of rich plates 120 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals while facing each other along the width direction y. The rich flame-holes 21 may be formed in separation spaces between the rich plates 120.
The plurality of lean plates 110 may each include bending portions 110a and lean plate horizontal-portions 110b. The bending portions 110a refer to portions bent toward the center of the lean flame-hole part 10 along the width direction y to form the second regions 10a. The lean plate horizontal-portions 110b refer to portions extending from opposite ends of each bending portion 110a along a direction parallel to the lengthwise direction x.
The plurality of rich plates 120 may each include protruding portions 120a and rich plate horizontal-portions 120b. The protruding portions 120a refer to portions protruding toward the bending portions 110a to correspond to the bending portions 110a. The rich plate horizontal-portions 120b refer to portions extending from opposite ends of each protruding portion 120a along the direction parallel to the lengthwise direction x.
As described above,
Among the plurality of rich plates 120, the rich plates 120 located in the innermost positions with respect to the width direction y are referred to first rich plates 121, and among the plurality of lean plates 110, the lean plates 110 located in the outermost positions with respect to the width direction y are referred to as first lean plates 111. Protruding portions 121a of the first rich plates 121 may be brought into close contact with at least parts of bending portions 111a of the first lean plates 111. That is, as the protruding portions 121a of the first rich plates 121 are brought into close contact with the at least parts of the bending portions 111a of the first lean plates 111, the lean flame-hole part 10 and the rich flame-hole part 20 may be brought into close contact with each other in at least parts of the second regions 10a.
A more specific description will be given below with reference to
The protruding portions 121a of the first rich plates 121 may each include a first inclined surface 121a1, a second inclined surface 121a2, and a first horizontal surface 121a3. The first inclined surface 121a1 and the second inclined surface 121a2 refer to surfaces extending from the adjacent rich plate horizontal-portions 120b so as to be inclined toward the center of the lean flame-hole part 10 along the width direction y, and the first horizontal surface 121a3 refers to a surface extending along the direction parallel to the lengthwise direction x to connect distal ends of the first inclined surface 121a1 and the second inclined surface 121a2.
The bending portions 111a of the first lean plates 111 may each include a third inclined surface 111al, a fourth inclined surface 111a2, and a second horizontal surface 111a3. The third inclined surface 111a1 and the fourth inclined surface 111a2 refer to surfaces extending from the adjacent lean plate horizontal-portions 110b so as to be inclined toward the center of the lean flame-hole part 10 along the width direction y, and the second horizontal surface 111a3 refers to a surface extending along the direction parallel to the lengthwise direction x to connect distal ends of the third inclined surface 111a1 and the fourth inclined surface 111a2.
The first horizontal surfaces 121a3 may be brought into close contact with the second horizontal surfaces 111a3 such that the protruding portions 121a of the first rich plates 121 are brought into close contact with at least parts of the bending portions 111a of the first lean plates 111. The first inclined surfaces 121a1 may be spaced apart from the third inclined surfaces Mal, and the second surfaces 121a2 may be spaced apart from the fourth inclined surfaces 111a2.
As illustrated in
Alternatively, to allow the protruding portions 121a of the first rich plates 121 to be brought into close contact with the entire bending portions 111a of the first lean plates 111, as illustrated in
Meanwhile, the plurality of rich plates 120 may be designed such that in a region from at least one rich plate horizontal-portion 120b through an adjacent protruding portion 120a of a rich plate 120 to another rich plate horizontal-portion 120b, the sum of amounts of heat transferred to a pair of rich plates 120 that form reference regions having the same size is substantially the same in the reference regions when a flame is generated by the rich gas.
A more specific description will be given with reference to
As illustrated in
When the reference region S and the reference region S′ have the same size, the rich flame-hole 21 includes, between the reference regions, a region designed such that the sum of amounts of heat transferred to the pair of rich plates 120 or 120′, that is, the burning velocity of the rich gas in each of the reference regions is substantially the same. In other words, when the reference region S and the reference region S′ have the same size, the rich flame-hole 21 includes a region designed such that the sum Q of amounts of heat transferred to the pair of rich plates 120 in the reference region S and the sum Q′ of amounts of heat transferred to the pair of rich plates 120′ in the reference region S′ are substantially the same as each other when a flame is generated by the rich gas.
The same amount of rich gas may be jetted at substantially the same jetting velocity from the reference regions S and S′ having the same size, and substantially the same amount of heat may be generated when the rich gas is burned. Further, when the amounts of heat transferred from the reference regions S and S′ to the rich plates 120 and 120′ are substantially the same, the burning velocities of the rich gas in the reference regions S and S′ may also be substantially the same, and therefore limit conditions in which lifting occurs in the reference regions S and S′ may be the same. Accordingly, when the rich gas is supplied to the reference regions S and S′ in an optimal condition capable of reducing NOx emission, rich flames having substantially the same property may be generated in the reference regions S and S′.
Thus, unlike in the region B of
Meanwhile, “substantially the same” does not mean “numerically exactly the same”, but means the sameness to a degree that substantially the same action is achieved in the art to which the present disclosure pertains, even though there is a slight numerical difference.
There may be various means for adjusting the amounts of heat transferred to the flame-hole walls that form the reference regions.
For example, when the material and thickness of a pair of rich plates are constant, the rich plates may be designed such that the sum of lengths of upper ends of the pair of rich plates that form reference regions is substantially the same in the reference regions having the same size. That is, the rich plates may be designed such that the sum of the lengths of the pair of rich plates 120 that form the reference region S in
When the difference between the sum of the lengths of the upper ends of the pair of rich plates 120 that form the reference region S and the sum of the lengths of the upper ends of the pair of rich plates 120′ that form the reference region S′ is within an error range of about 15%, the sum of the lengths of the upper ends of the pair of rich plates that form each of the reference regions may be considered to be substantially the same. The lengths of rich plates actually manufactured may have a tolerance with design lengths, and even though there is a difference in the sum of the lengths of the upper ends of the pair of rich plates that form the reference regions, the sum of the lengths of the upper ends of the pair of rich plates that form the reference regions may be considered to be substantially the same within the tolerance range that occurs during manufacturing.
Accordingly, it may be considered that in each reference region, the limit condition in which lifting occurs is substantially the same and an equivalent flame stabilizing effect appears. Meanwhile, the numerical value of 15% does not have a special meaning and is an example for representing a range of a tolerance level that occurs during manufacturing.
In another example, even though the distances between the pair of rich plates that form the reference regions differ from each other or there is a difference in other properties of the rich plates, the thickness and material of the rich plates may be adjusted such that the amounts of heat transferred to the rich plates are the same.
Meanwhile, referring to
The partitioning part 30 may not exist in a portion where the lean flame-hole part 10 and the rich flame-hole part 20 are brought into close contact with each other. Between the horizontal portions of the first rich plates 121 and the horizontal portions of the first lean plates 111, the width of the partitioning part 30, that is, the interval between the horizontal portions of the first rich plates 121 and the horizontal portions of the first lean plates 111 along the width direction y may be constant along the lengthwise direction x, and thus the lean flame and the rich flame may be formed with a uniform interval.
Meanwhile, a region in which the rich flame is generated may preferably be decreased to reduce occurrence of NOx. However, in a case of decreasing the size of the rich flame-hole part 20 in which the rich flame is generated, a flame stabilizing effect by the rich flame may be reduced, and therefore flame stability may be deteriorated. Furthermore, in a case where the rich flame-holes 21 are not formed to be narrow, a flame may be formed in a burner, and therefore the durability of the burner may be decreased.
For this reason, the rich flame-holes 21 may be formed to be narrow, and distribution of a flame sensitively reacts to the tolerance of the area of the rich flame-holes 21 depending on assembly. That is, when the burner is assembled, it is necessary to accurately control the area of the rich flame-holes 21.
Hereinafter, a spacing part 123 included in a flame-hole structure according to a modified example of the other embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
Referring to the drawings, a rich flame-hole part 20 of the flame-hole structure according to the modified example of the other embodiment of the present disclosure includes the spacing part 123. The spacing part 123 is a component disposed in a rich flame-hole 21 to allow the width of the rich flame-hole 21 along a width direction to remain constant in a region of the rich flame-hole 21 that corresponds to a first region.
With respect to the width direction, a plurality of rich plates 120 may be disposed to form the rich flame-hole 21. Among the plurality of rich plates 120, a first rich plate 121 may be disposed in the innermost position with respect to the width direction, and a second rich plate 122 may be disposed in the outermost position with respect to the width direction. The first and second rich plates 121 and 122 may be adjacent to each other.
The rich flame-hole 21 may be formed between the first rich plate 121 and the second rich plate 122. The spacing part 123 may be disposed in the rich flame-hole 21 and may make contact with the adjacent rich plates 120 that form the rich flame-hole 21.
As the spacing part 123 is disposed between the adjacent rich plates 120 and makes contact with the adjacent rich plates 120, the interval between the adjacent rich plates 120 with respect to the width direction may be the same as the width of the spacing part 123. Even if the adjacent rich plates 120 are assembled at an interval smaller than the width of the spacing part 123, the adjacent rich plates 120 do not become closer to each other in as much as the spacing part 123 making contact with the rich plates 120 is not compressed in the width direction.
Accordingly, even in a process of assembling a burner by using a method of pressing the plates against each other, the area of the rich flame-hole 21 may be controlled within a predetermined error range. As the area of the rich flame-hole 21 is controlled within the predetermined error range, the stability of a flame generated in the entire flame-hole structure may be improved.
The position of the spacing part 123 in the modified example of the other embodiment of the present disclosure will be more specifically described. The second rich plate 122 may include a second rich plate protruding-portion 122a and a second rich plate horizontal-portion 122b. The second rich plate protruding-portion 122a and the second rich plate horizontal-portion 122b correspond to the rich plate protruding-portion (120a of
As the spacing part 123 makes contact with the first rich plate horizontal-portion 121b at the same time as protruding from the second rich plate horizontal-portion 122b, the spacing part 123 makes contact with the horizontal portions 121b and 122b of the first rich plate 121 and the second rich plate 122 that are the rich plates 120 adjacent to each other. Alternatively, the spacing part 123 may protrude outward from the first rich plate horizontal-portion 121b with respect to the width direction and may make contact with the second rich plate horizontal-portion 122b.
The spacing part 123 may be formed like an embossing, by pressing the rich plate 120. Accordingly, in a section obtained by cutting the spacing part 123 with a plane perpendicular to a jetting direction, the profile of the spacing part may be formed in a shape in which the width in a lengthwise direction gradually decreases from the second rich plate 122 toward the first rich plate 121 along the width direction.
According to another modified example, the spacing part may include a first spacing unit (not illustrated) that protrudes outward with respect to the width direction from the first rich plate horizontal-portion 121b toward the second rich plate horizontal-portion 122b and a second spacing unit (not illustrated) that protrudes inward from the second rich plate horizontal-portion 122b toward the first rich plate horizontal-portion 121b. The first spacing unit and the second spacing unit may make contact with each other to form a state in which the spacing part makes contact with the first rich plate 121 and the second rich plate 122.
The spacing part 123 may be disposed to be spaced apart from a distal end of one rich plate 120 in an opposite direction to the jetting direction. The position of the spacing part 123 on the rich plate 120 with respect to the jetting direction may be appropriately changed depending on the type of burner.
The rich flame-hole 21 may include a downstream rich flame-hole 211 located downstream of the spacing part 123 with respect to the jetting direction and formed such that rich gas split by the spacing part 123 is gathered and jetted, and an upstream rich flame-hole 212 located upstream of the spacing part 123. The downstream rich flame-hole 211 may be formed between a second rich plate downstream-side horizontal portion 122b1 located downstream of the spacing part 123 and the first rich plate horizontal-portion 121b, and the upstream rich flame-hole 212 may be formed between a second rich plate upstream-side horizontal-portion 122b2 located upstream of the spacing part 123 and the first rich plate horizontal-portion 121b.
The rich gas flowing in the upstream rich flame-hole 212 along the jetting direction is split by the spacing part 123. The split rich gas flows around the spacing part 123 and meets in the downstream rich flame-hole 211 again. As the rich gas is gathered in the downstream rich flame-hole 211, an integrated rich flame not separated may be formed in the rich flame-hole 21. Accordingly, the stability of the rich flame may be improved.
The spacing part 123 may be formed such that the width in the jetting direction is greater than the width in the lengthwise direction. Accordingly, the area of the spacing part 123 may be sufficiently ensured while a reduction in the cross-sectional area of the rich flame-hole 21 in which the rich gas flows is minimized. Thus, the spacing part 123 may stably support the rich plates 120 adjacent to each other and may maintain the interval between the rich plates 120.
Here, “constant” does not mean “numerically constant”, but means consistency to a degree that substantially the same effect is achieved in the art to which the present disclosure pertains.
Hereinabove, although the present disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, but may be variously modified and altered by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure claimed in the following claims. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are provided to explain the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but not to limit them, so that the spirit and scope of the present disclosure is not limited by the embodiments. The scope of the present disclosure should be construed on the basis of the accompanying claims, and all the technical ideas within the scope equivalent to the claims should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2018-0075134 | Jun 2018 | KR | national |
| 10-2019-0044530 | Apr 2019 | KR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2019/006883 | 6/7/2019 | WO | 00 |
