Patent Grant
11002006
This disclosure relates generally to flood water control devices and more particularly to a flood vent having a panel.
Typically, one or more flood vents may be installed into an opening in a structure (such as a building) in order to provide for equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by flooding fluids, such as water. Such typical flood vents may include a screen or grille that may allow flooding fluids to pass into or out of the structure through the flood vent, but that may prevent animals or other pests from entering or exiting the structure through the flood vent. These typical flood vents, however, may be deficient.
According to one embodiment, a flood vent panel includes a plurality of insulation pieces positioned together, and a panel frame surrounding the plurality of insulation pieces. The flood vent panel is configured to be coupled to a frame positionable on a structure, so as to at least partially block a fluid passageway through an opening in the structure. Each of the plurality of insulation pieces is separate from the other insulation pieces of the plurality of insulation pieces. Each of the plurality of insulation pieces is separate from the panel frame.
Certain embodiments of the disclosure may provide one or more technical advantages. For example, the flood vent panel includes a plurality of insulation pieces positioned together. One or more of these insulation pieces may uncouple from the flood vent panel when at least a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a portion of the flood vent panel by one or more of a fluid or an object carried by the fluid (such as a tree limb or dirt). As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent panel may prevent (or substantially prevent) objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel. After the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel, one or more of the insulation pieces of the panel may uncouple from the panel and may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel may be reduced). This may, in particular embodiments, allow the flood vent to provide for equalization of hydrostatic forces caused by, for example, flooding fluids, even when the flooding fluids carry objects (such as debris) that may clog the openings in the panel, when the openings in the panel are too small to allow sufficient fluids to pass through the flood vent, when the openings in the panel are closed, and/or when the panel does not include any openings.
Certain embodiments of the disclosure may include none, some, or all of the above technical advantages. One or more other technical advantages may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the figures, descriptions, and claims included herein.
For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and its features and advantages, reference is now made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Embodiments of the present disclosure are best understood by referring to
As illustrated, the flood vent 8 includes a frame 10 and a panel 22. The frame 10 may be configured to be inserted into an opening 18 in a structure 17, and may be further configured to form a fluid passageway through the opening 18 in the structure 17, thereby allowing fluids to enter and/or exit the structure 17. The frame 10 includes a top edge 11a, a bottom edge 11b, and two side edges 11c and 11d (not shown). The edges 11 may define an outer perimeter of the frame 10. The frame 10 further includes a top rail 12a, a bottom rail 12b, and two side rails 12c and 12d. When the flood vent 8 is inserted (or otherwise installed) in the opening 18 in the structure 17, the edges 11 of the frame 10 may be positioned (entirely or partially) within the opening 18 of the structure 17 (as is seen in
Although the frame 10 is described above as being inserted into the opening 18 in the structure 17, in some examples the frame 10 may not be inserted into the opening 18. Instead, as is illustrated in
Furthermore, although the flood vent 8 is illustrated as including a single frame 10 and a single panel 22, the flood vent 8 may include multiple frames 10 and/or multiple panels 22. For example, the flood vent 8 may include two frames 10 (or two or more frames 10) stacked on top of each other (and coupled together), along with one or more panels 22 attached to each frame 10 (or a single panel 22 attached to multiple frames 10). As another example, the flood vent 8 may include two frames 10 (or two or more frames 10) positioned horizontally next to each other (and coupled together), along with one or more panels 22 attached to each frame 10 (or a single panel 22 attached to multiple frames 10). As a further example, the flood vent 8 may include two frames 10 (or two or more frames 10) stacked on top of each other and two frames 10 (or two or more frames 10) positioned horizontally next to each other (and these four or more frames 10 may be coupled together), along with one or more panels 22 attached to each frame 10 (or a single panel 22 attached to multiple frames 10).
The frame 10 may have any shape. For example, the frame 10 may be rectangular-shaped. The frame 10 may also have any dimensions. For example, the top and bottom edges 11a and 11b may be approximately 16″ long (16″+/−0.2″), and the side edges 11c and 11d may be approximately 8″ long, thereby forming an 8″×16″ rectangular outer perimeter. Furthermore, the top and bottom rails 12a and 12b may be approximately 17 11/16″ long, and the side rails 12c and 12d may be approximately 9 11/16″ long. Additionally, when two or more frames 10 are coupled together (as is discussed above), the flood vent 8 may have an outer perimeter of, for example, approximately 16″×16″, 8″×32″, 16″×32″, or any other dimensions. The frame 10 may be formed (or made) of any material. For example, the frame 10 may be formed of a corrosion resistant material, such as stainless steel, spring steel, plastic, a polymer, cement, brick, any other corrosion resistant material, or any combination of the preceding.
The frame 10 may be configured to be inserted (or otherwise installed) into an opening 18 in any side of the structure 17. For example, the opening 18 in the structure 17 may extend from the exterior of the structure 17 to the interior of the structure 17 (such as the interior of a building), thereby allowing fluids to enter and/or exit the structure 17. The frame 10 of the flood vent 8 may be inserted on (or otherwise installed on or coupled to) the exterior side of the structure 17 (for an exterior frame 10 for an exterior flood vent 8, for example) or the interior side of the structure 17 (for an interior frame 10 for an interior flood vent 8, for example). As illustrated in
Additionally, in particular embodiments, a sleeve may be positioned in-between an interior frame 10 and an exterior frame 10. The sleeve may be configured to connect to the exterior frame 10 at a first end of the sleeve, extend through the opening 18 in the structure 17 to the interior frame 10, and connect to the interior frame 10 at a second end of the sleeve. The sleeve may form a portion of the fluid passageway through the opening 18 in the structure 17. For example, fluid such as water may enter the opening 18 in the structure 17 through the exterior flood vent 8, flow through the sleeve, and exit the opening 18 into the interior of the structure 17 (or vice versa). The sleeve may have any shape. For example, the sleeve may be a hollow rectangular sleeve. The sleeve may have any dimensions. For example, the sleeve may be sized to fit entirely within the opening 18, connecting the exterior frame 10 to the interior frame 10. The sleeve may be formed (or made) of any material. For example, the sleeve may be formed of a corrosion resistant material, such as stainless steel, spring steel, plastic, a polymer, cement, brick, any other corrosion resistant material, or any combination of the preceding.
The flood vent 8 further includes a panel 22. The panel 22 may be configured to be coupled to the frame 10 (thereby coupling the panel 22 to the structure 17 indirectly). The panel 22 may be coupled to the frame 10 in any manner. For example, the panel 22 may be formed integral with the frame 10, welded to the frame 10, coupled to the frame 10 using an adhesive (such as glue, cement, and/or Lexel®), attached to the frame 10 using one or more pins that may be inserted or snapped into one or more channels or hooks in the frame 10, attached to the frame 10 using one or more rivets, nails, and/or any other connector, attached to the structure 17 (and thus the frame 10) using one or more rivets, nails, and/or any other connector, coupled to the frame 10 in any other manner, or any combination of the preceding. The panel 22 may be configured to be coupled to the frame 10 in the fluid passageway formed by the frame 10. Additionally, when coupled to the frame 10, the panel 22 may at least partially block the fluid passageway formed by the frame 10, an example of which is seen in
The panel 22 may be any type of panel. For example, the panel 22 may include one or more openings 26 configured to allow fluids (such as water and/or air) to pass through the panel 22, but prevent objects (such as small animals) from passing through the panel 22. In such an example, the panel 22 may be a mesh grille panel, a grate, any other panel with one or more openings 26, or any combination of the preceding. The openings 26 may have any size and/or shape. In particular embodiments, the size of the openings 26 may be sufficiently small to prevent (or substantially prevent) objects, such as small animals, from passing through the panel 22. The panel 22 may include any number of openings 26, such as one opening 26, two openings 26, three openings 26, four openings 26, eight openings 26, ten openings 26, or any other number of openings 26. The openings 26 may be completely open, or the openings 26 may be screened to prevent (or substantially prevent) penetration by small animals and/or insects.
As another example, the panel 22 may be a solid panel that may prevent all (or substantially all) fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through the panel 22, as well as preventing (or substantially preventing) objects (such as small animals) from passing through the panel 22. As a further example, the panel 22 may be a screen (such as a fine mesh screen) configured to prevent (or substantially prevent) penetration by small animals and/or insects. As another example, the panel 22 may include one or more louvers (such as, for example, four louvers, or any other number of louvers) that may be opened to allow air to pass through the panel 22 (e.g., during warmer temperatures), and closed to prevent (or substantially prevent) air from passing through the panel 22 (e.g., during colder temperatures). Additionally, the louvered panel 22 may be screened to prevent (or substantially prevent) penetration by small animals and/or insects. Further details regarding louvers (and the operation of such louvers) is included in U.S. Pat. No. 6,692,187 entitled “Flood Gate For Door,” which is incorporated herein by reference. Additionally, in some examples, the louvers may be fixed in an open position, preventing them from being moved to a closed position. This may create louvered openings 26, in some examples.
The panel 22 includes a top edge 23a, a bottom edge 23b, and two side edges 23c and 23d. The edges 23 may define an outer perimeter of the panel 22. The panel 22 further includes a first side 24a and a second side 24b positioned opposite of the first side 24a. As is illustrated, the first side 24a may be positioned to face the exterior of the structure 17, and the second side 24b may be positioned to face the interior of the structure 17. However, the first side 24a may face either the exterior of the structure 17 or the interior of the structure 17, and the second side 24b may face either the exterior of the structure 17 or the interior of the structure 17. The panel 22 may have any shape, and may also have any dimensions. For example, the panel 22 may have the same (or substantially the same) shape and/or dimensions as the inner perimeter of the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the panel 22 may be flush against the inner perimeter of the frame 10. As another example, the panel 22 may have larger dimensions (or a different shape) than the inner perimeter of the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the panel 22 may be coupled to the exterior of the frame 10 (such as coupled to the rails 12) or to the structure 17. As a further example, the panel 22 may have smaller dimensions (or a different shape) than the inner perimeter of the frame 10. As another example, the panel 22 may have an outer perimeter of, for example, approximately 7⅝″×15¾″. The panel 22 may also have any thickness 25. For example, panel 22 may have a thickness 25 of 0.15″, 0.25″, 0.50″, 1.0″ 1.50″, 2.0″, 3.0″, 4.0″, or any other thickness 25. The panel 22 may be formed (or made) of any material. For example, the panel 22 may be formed of a corrosion resistant material, such as stainless steel, spring steel, plastic, a polymer, cement, brick, any other corrosion resistant material, or any combination of the preceding.
As is discussed above, the flood vent 8 may be inserted (or otherwise installed) into an opening 18 in a structure 17, or the flood vent 8 may be coupled to the structure 18 with no portion of the flood vent 8 (or no portion of the frame 10) being inserted into the opening 18. The structure 17 may be any structure. For example, the structure may be a building, a wall, a foundation, a basement, a garage, a garage door, a foyer, an entry, any structure located below base flood plain levels, any other structure, or any combination of the preceding. The structure 17 may include one or more edges 19 that form an inner perimeter of the opening 18 in the structure 17. The opening 18 may have any shape and/or dimensions for receiving the frame 10 (or frames 10) of the flood vent 8. For example, when the frame 10 has a rectangular outer perimeter of 8″×16″, the opening 18 may have a rectangular inner perimeter of 8¼″×16¼″. As another example, when the flood vent 8 has multiple frames 10 (as is discussed above) and a rectangular outer perimeter of 16″×32″, the opening 18 may have a rectangular inner perimeter of 16⅜″×33″. As such, the flood vent 8 may be inserted (or otherwise installed) into the opening 18 of the structure 17. The opening 18 may be added to the structure 17 in any manner. For example, the opening 18 may be added (or cut into) the structure 17 after the structure 17 is already built. As another example, the opening 18 may be left in (or built into) the structure 17 as the structure 17 is being built. In such an example, the frame 10 of the flood vent 8 (or the entire flood vent 8) may be built into the opening 18 of the structure 17 as the structure 17 is being built.
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vent 8 of
As is discussed above, a flood vent may typically include a screen or grille that may allow flooding fluids to pass into or out of the structure through the flood vent, but that may prevent animals or other pests from entering or exiting the structure through the flood vent. Unfortunately, such typical flood vents may be deficient. For example, although the screen or grille of the flood vent may prevent objects from entering the flood vent, the screen or grille may also prevent fluids from sufficiently passing through the flood vent. In particular, during a flood event, a large quantity of water may attempt to pass through the flood vent. If openings in the screen or grille are not large enough (or if the flood vent does not have any openings or if the openings in the flood vent are not open), the water may be prevented from quickly passing through the flood vent, which may disrupt the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by flooding waters. Furthermore, the water may be carrying various pieces of debris (such as tree limbs and dirt) that may clog the openings, preventing the flood vent from allowing any (or most) of the water to pass through the flood vent. Conversely, if the openings are too large, the openings may not prevent objects (such as small animals) from entering the flood vent. Contrary to these typical flood vents,
As is discussed above with regard to
A connector 30 may be any type of connector that may couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, and that may further uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. As a first example, a connector 30 may be one or more raised bumps (or raised lips), as is illustrated in
As a second example, a connector 30 may be one or more pieces of velcro configured to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, and that may be further configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The pieces of velcro may include, for example, one or more first pieces of velcro that are coupled to the frame 10 and/or the structure 17, and one or more second pieces of velcro that are coupled to the panel 22. The first pieces of velcro may be further coupled to the second pieces of velcro, thereby coupling the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17). Furthermore, the pieces of velcro may continue to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the coupling between the pieces of velcro may be broken. This may uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), causing the panel 22 to be completely separated from the frame 10, and be carried away from the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent 8 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a third example, a connector 30 may be one or more mechanical fasteners configured to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, and that may be further configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The mechanical fasteners may include any one or more devices and/or objects that may mechanically fasten the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), such as one or more nails, screws, rivets, nuts and bolts, rods and studs, anchors, pins, retaining rings and/or clips, any other devices that may mechanically fasten the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the mechanical fasteners may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the mechanical fasteners may be configured to break or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the mechanical fasteners may be engineered and/or modified to break or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
The mechanical fasteners may include one or more mechanical fasteners coupled to the panel 22, the frame 10, and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17). Furthermore, the mechanical fasteners may continue to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the mechanical fasteners may break or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17). This may uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), causing the panel 22 to be completely separated from the frame 10, and be carried away from the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent 8 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a fourth example, a connector 30 may be an adhesive configured to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, and that may be further configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The adhesive may include any adhesive substance that may adhere the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), such as glue, cement, Lexel® adhesive, any other adhesive substance that may adhere the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the adhesive may be further configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the adhesive may be configured to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the adhesive may be engineered and/or modified to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the amount of adhesive used to adhere the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) may be selected to cause the adhesive to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
The adhesive may include one or more portions of the adhesive coupled to the panel 22, the frame 10, and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17). Furthermore, the portions of the adhesive may continue to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the adhesive may peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17). This may uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), causing the panel 22 to be completely separated from the frame 10, and be carried away from the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent 8 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a fifth example, a connector 30 may be one or more pressure-based connectors configured to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, and that may be further configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The pressure-based connectors may include any type of connector that may apply pressure (or otherwise utilize pressure) to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17). As an example, the pressure-based connectors may be a pressure-based clip (such as a spring clip) configured to fit in-between the edges 23 of the panel 22 and the inner edges 13 of the frame 10. In such an example, when the panel 22 is installed into the frame 10 (or the opening 18), the pressure-based connectors may be compressed by the edge 23 of the panel 22 and the edge 13 of the frame 10 (or the edge 19 of the opening 18), thereby causing the pressure-based connectors to push outward against the edge 13 of the frame 10 and inward against the edge 23 of the panel 22. Such pressure applied by the pressure-based connectors (along with friction, in particular embodiments) may at least couple the panel 22 to the frame 10. Furthermore, although the pressure-based connectors have been described above as being a separate component from the panel 22, in particular embodiments, the pressure-based connectors may be the panel 22 (or part of the panel 22), itself. For example, the panel 22 may have dimensions larger than the inner perimeter of the frame 10. In such an example, inserting the panel 22 may cause the edges 23 and/or corners of the panel 22 to be bent in (or out) against the frame 10, thereby applying pressure that may couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 (or the structure 17). The pressure-based connectors may be further configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the pressure-based connectors may be configured to break, slip off, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the amount of pressure applied by the pressure-based connectors may be configured to be overcome by the predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, the fluid.
The pressure-based connectors may include one or more pressure-based connectors coupled to (and/or applying pressure to) the panel 22, the frame 10, and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17). Furthermore, the pressure-based connectors may continue to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the pressure-based connectors may break, slip off, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17). This may uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), causing the panel 22 to be completely separated from the frame 10, and be carried away from the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent 8 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a sixth example, a connector 30 may be one or more permanent attachments configured to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, and that may be further configured to break (or otherwise fail) so as to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The permanent attachment may include any one or more attachments that may permanently couple (and/or fixedly couple and/or couple in a manner that requires a break or a failure in order to uncouple) the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), such as a weld, the panel 22 being formed integral with the frame 10, any other attachment, or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the permanent attachments may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the permanent attachments may be configured to break, fail, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the permanent attachments may be engineered and/or modified to break, fail, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the permanent attachments (such as a weld) may include one or more engineered defects that may cause them to break or fail. As another example, a pressure (or stress) may be constantly applied to the permanent attachments, thereby causing the additional predetermined amount of pressure to cause the permanent attachments to break or fail.
The permanent attachments may include one or more permanent attachments coupled to the panel 22, the frame 10, and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17). Furthermore, the permanent attachments may continue to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the permanent attachments may break, fail, or otherwise uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17). This may uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or the structure 17), causing the panel 22 to be completely separated from the frame 10, and be carried away from the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent 8 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
The flood vent 8 may include any number of connectors 30. For example, the flood vent 8 may include one connector 30, two connectors 30, three connectors 30, four connectors 30, six connectors 30, eight connectors 30, ten connectors 30, or any other number of connectors 30. The connectors 30 may be attached or otherwise coupled to any portion of the panel 22, frame 10, and/or structure 17. For example, the connectors 30 may be attached to the edges 23 of the panel 22 and/or the edges 13 of the frame 10. As another example, the connectors 30 (such as screws) may be positioned through one or more holes (such as one or more screw holes) in side 24a (for example) of the panel 22, and inserted into one or more holes in the frame 10 and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the panel 22 to the frame 10 and/or the structure 17. The connectors 30 may be added to (or otherwise coupled) to the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17), the connectors 30 may be formed integral with (or formed as a part of) the panel 22 (and/or frame 10 and/or structure 17), or any combination of the preceding.
The connectors 30 may have any size and/or shape that may allow the connectors 30 to uncouple the panel 22 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the length of the connectors 30 (such as one or more mechanical fasteners) may be selected to cause the connectors 30 to break, fail, or otherwise uncouple the panel 22 when the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The connectors 30 may be formed from any material that may allow the connectors 30 to uncouple the panel 22 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the connectors 30 may be formed from rubber, plastic, a polymer, a foam, a metal (such as aluminum, stainless steel, spring steel, a galvanized material, any other metal, or any combination of the preceding), any other material that may allow the connectors 30 to uncouple the panel 22 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. In particular, the connectors 30 (such as one or more mechanical fasteners) may be formed from a particular plastic (for example) that causes the mechanical fasteners to break or fail when the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
As is discussed above, the connectors 30 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17) when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure may refer to the lowest amount of pressure (or approximately the lowest amount of pressure) that would cause the panel 22 to prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As an example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be 0.5 PSI, 1 PSI, 1.5 PSI, 2 PSI, 2.5 PSI, 3 PSI, 3.5 PSI, 4 PSI, 4.5 PSI, 5 PSI, 6 PSI, 7 PSI, 10 PSI, approximately 0.5 PSI (i.e., 0.5 PSI+/−0.2 PSI), approximately 1 PSI, approximately 1.5 PSI, approximately 2 PSI, approximately 2.5 PSI, approximately 3 PSI, approximately 3.5 PSI, approximately 4 PSI, approximately 4.5 PSI, approximately 5 PSI, approximately 6 PSI, approximately 7 PSI, approximately 10 PSI, or any other amount of pressure that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As a further example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be a pressure range of 0.5 PSI-7 PSI, 0.5-5.0 PSI, 0.5-4.0 PSI, 0.5-3.0 PSI, 1.0-7.0 PSI, 1.0-5.0 PSI, 1.0-4.0 PSI, 1.0-3.0 PSI, 1.5-7.0 PSI, 1.5-5.0 PSI, 1.5-4.0 PSI, 1.5-3.0 PSI, 2.0-7.0 PSI, 2.0-5.0 PSI, 2.0-4.0 PSI, 2.0-3.0 PSI, or any other pressure range that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. In some examples, the predetermined amount of pressure may be any pressure or pressure range that may prevent the interior of the structure 17 from having a water depth that is different from the water depth in the exterior of the structure 17 by more than 1 foot, more than 10 inches, more than 8 inches, more than 6 inches, more than 4 inches, more than 2 inches, or any other amount in-between more than 1 inch and more than 1 foot, during base flood conditions.
In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure may be the lowest pressure at which the connectors 30 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17). For example, if an amount of pressure below the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the connectors 30 may not uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure). On the other hand, if an amount of pressure equal to the predetermined amount of pressure (or above the predetermined amount of pressure) is applied to the panel 22, the connectors 30 may uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17).
The connectors 30 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17) if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any portion of the panel 22. For example, the connectors 30 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17) if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22, a top portion of the panel 22, a left and/or right side portion of the panel 22, any other portion of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure for causing the connectors 30 to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17) may change based on (or be a function of) the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be greater if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the bottom portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a less amount of flooding fluids, for example) than if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the top portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a greater amount of flooding fluids, for example).
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the connectors 30 to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17) may change based on (or be a function of) the type of panel 22 included in the flood vent 8. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel without any openings 26 (or with openings that may be closed, using louvers, for example) than if the panel 22 includes openings 26 that may not be closed (or if the panel 22 is a screen). In such an example, a panel 22 without openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 without openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26). As another example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel with less openings 26 (and/or with smaller openings 26) than if the panel 22 includes more openings 26 (and/or has bigger openings 26). In such an example, a panel 22 with less openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 with less openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26).
The connectors 30 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17) if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any side of the panel 22. For example, the connectors 30 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10 (and/or structure 17) if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24b of the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the interior of the structure 17), thereby causing the panel 22 to be uncoupled from the frame 10 and be carried by the fluids, for example, outside of the structure 17, as is illustrated in
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vent 8 of
As is discussed above with regard to
A connector 40 may be any type of connector that may couple the frame 10 to the structure 17, and that may further uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or frame 10. As a first example, a connector 40 may be an adhesive configured to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17, and that may be further configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. The adhesive may include any adhesive substance that may adhere the frame 10 to the structure 17, such as glue, cement, Lexel® adhesive, any other adhesive substance that may adhere the frame 10 to the structure 17, or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the adhesive may be further configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. For example, the adhesive may be configured to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. In particular embodiments, the adhesive may be engineered and/or modified to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. In particular embodiments, the amount of adhesive used to adhere the frame 10 to the structure 17 may be selected to cause the adhesive to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10.
The adhesive may include one or more portions of the adhesive coupled to the frame 10 and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the frame 10 to the structure 17, as is illustrated in
As a second example, a connector 40 may be one or more raised bumps (or raised lips) in the opening 18 of the structure 17. The raised bumps may allow a frame 10 to be installed in the opening 18, thereby coupling the frame 10 to the structure 17. For example, an installer (such as a person) may push the frame 10 into the opening 18 with enough force to cause the frame 10 to move past the first set of raised bumps. In such an example, the frame 10 may then rest in a gap in-between (or sandwiched by) the first set of bumps and a second set of bumps, thereby coupling the frame 10 to the structure 17. Furthermore, the raised bumps may continue to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17 until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10, the frame 10 may be forced past a set of the raised bumps. This may uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17, causing the frame 10 to be completely separated from the structure 17, and be carried away from the structure 17. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passing through the opening 18 may be reduced).
As a third example, a connector 40 may be one or more pieces of velcro configured to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17, and that may be further configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. The pieces of velcro may include, for example, one or more first pieces of velcro that are coupled to the frame 10, and one or more second pieces of velcro that are coupled to the structure 17. The first pieces of velcro may be coupled to the second pieces of velcro, thereby coupling the frame 10 to the structure 17. Furthermore, the pieces of velcro may continue to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17 until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10, the coupling between the pieces of velcro may be broken. This may uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17, causing the frame 10 to be completely separated from the structure 17, and be carried away from the structure 17. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passing through the opening 18 may be reduced).
As a fourth example, a connector 40 may be one or more mechanical fasteners configured to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17, and that may be further configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. The mechanical fasteners may include one or more devices that may mechanically fasten the frame 10 to the structure 17, such as one or more nails, screws, rivets, nuts and bolts, rods and studs, anchors, pins, retaining rings and/or clips, any other devices that may mechanically fasten the frame 10 to the structure 17, or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the mechanical fasteners may be further configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. For example, the mechanical fasteners may be configured to break or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. In particular embodiments, the mechanical fasteners may be engineered and/or modified to break or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10.
The mechanical fasteners may include one or more mechanical fasteners coupled to the frame 10 and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the frame 10 to the structure 17. Furthermore, the mechanical fasteners may continue to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17 until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10, the mechanical fasteners may break or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17. This may uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17, causing the frame 10 to be completely separated from the structure 17, and be carried away from the structure 17. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passing through the opening 18 may be reduced).
As a fifth example, a connector 40 may be one or more pressure-based connectors configured to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17, and that may be further configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. The pressure-based connectors may include any type of connector that may apply pressure (or otherwise utilize pressure) to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17. As an example, the pressure-based connectors may be a pressure-based clip (such as a spring clip) configured to fit in-between the outer edges 11 of the frame 10 and the edges 19 of the opening 18. In such an example, when the frame 10 is installed into the opening 18, the pressure-based connectors may be compressed by the outer edges 11 of the frame 10 and the edges 19 of the opening 18, thereby causing the pressure-based connectors to push outward against the edges 19 of the opening 18 and inward against the outer edges 11 of the frame 10. Such pressure applied by the pressure-based connectors (along with friction, in particular embodiments) may at least couple the frame 10 to the structure 17. Furthermore, although the pressure-based connectors have been described above as being a separate component from the frame 10, in particular embodiments, the pressure-based connectors may be a part of the frame 10, itself. For example, the pressure-based connectors may be formed integral with (or as a portion of) the frame 10.
The pressure-based connectors may be further configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. For example, the pressure-based connectors may be configured to break, slip off, or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. In particular embodiments, the amount of pressure applied by the pressure-based connectors may be configured to be overcome by the predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10 by, for example, the fluid.
The pressure-based connectors may include one or more pressure-based connectors coupled to (and/or applying pressure to) the frame 10 and/or the structure 17, thereby coupling the frame 10 to the structure 17. Furthermore, the pressure-based connectors may continue to couple the frame 10 to the structure 17 until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10, the pressure-based connectors may break, slip off, or otherwise uncouple from the frame 10 and/or structure 17. This may uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17, causing the frame 10 to be completely separated from the structure 17, and be carried away from the structure 17. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passing through the opening 18 may be reduced).
The flood vent 8 may include any number of connectors 40. For example, the flood vent 8 may include one connector 40, two connectors 40, three connectors 40, four connectors 40, six connectors 40, eight connectors 40, ten connectors 40, or any other number of connectors 40. The connectors 40 may be attached or otherwise coupled to any portion of the frame 10 and/or structure 17 (and/or the panel 22). For example, the connectors 40 may be attached to the edges 11 of the frame 10 and/or the edges 19 of the opening 18 of the structure 17. As another example, the connectors 40 (such as screws) may be positioned through one or more holes (such as one or more screw holes) in rails 12 (for example) of the frame 10, and inserted into one or more holes in the structure 17, thereby coupling the frame 10 to the structure 17. The connectors 40 may be added to (or otherwise be coupled to) the frame 10 (and/or structure 17 and/or the panel 22), the connectors 40 may be formed integral with (or formed as a part of) the frame 10 (and/or the panel 22), or any combination of the preceding.
The connectors 40 may have any size and/or shape that may allow the connectors 40 to uncouple the frame 10 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. For example, the length of the connectors 40 (such as one or more mechanical fasteners) may be selected to cause the connectors 40 to break, fail, or otherwise uncouple the frame 10 when the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. The connectors 40 may be formed from any material that may allow the connectors 40 to uncouple the frame 10 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. For example, the connectors 40 may be formed from rubber, plastic, a polymer, a foam, a metal (such as aluminum, stainless steel, spring steel, a galvanized material, any other metal, or any combination of the preceding), an adhesive, any other material that may allow the connectors 40 to uncouple the frame 10 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10, or any combination of the preceding. In particular, the connectors 40 (such as one or more mechanical fasteners) may be formed from a particular plastic (for example) that causes the mechanical fastener to break or fail when the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10.
As is discussed above, the connectors 40 may be configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10. In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure may refer to the lowest amount of pressure (or approximately the lowest amount of pressure) that would cause the panel 22 to prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As an example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be 0.5 PSI, 1 PSI, 1.5 PSI, 2 PSI, 2.5 PSI, 3 PSI, 3.5 PSI, 4 PSI, 4.5 PSI, 5 PSI, 6 PSI, 7 PSI, 10 PSI, approximately 0.5 PSI (i.e., 0.5 PSI+/−0.2 PSI), approximately 1 PSI, approximately 1.5 PSI, approximately 2 PSI, approximately 2.5 PSI, approximately 3 PSI, approximately 3.5 PSI, approximately 4 PSI, approximately 4.5 PSI, approximately 5 PSI, approximately 6 PSI, approximately 7 PSI, approximately 10 PSI, or any other amount of pressure that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As a further example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be a pressure range of 0.5 PSI-7 PSI, 0.5-5.0 PSI, 0.5-4.0 PSI, 0.5-3.0 PSI, 1.0-7.0 PSI, 1.0-5.0 PSI, 1.0-4.0 PSI, 1.0-3.0 PSI, 1.5-7.0 PSI, 1.5-5.0 PSI, 1.5-4.0 PSI, 1.5-3.0 PSI, 2.0-7.0 PSI, 2.0-5.0 PSI, 2.0-4.0 PSI, 2.0-3.0 PSI, or any other pressure range that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. In some examples, the predetermined amount of pressure may be any pressure or pressure range that may prevent the interior of the structure 17 from having a water depth that is different from the water depth in the exterior of the structure 17 by more than 1 foot, more than 10 inches, more than 8 inches, more than 6 inches, more than 4 inches, more than 2 inches, or any other amount in-between more than 1 inch and more than 1 foot, during base flood conditions.
The predetermined amount of pressure may be the lowest pressure at which the connectors 40 may be configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17. For example, if an amount of pressure below the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10, the connectors 40 may not uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17. On the other hand, if an amount of pressure equal to the predetermined amount of pressure (or above the predetermined amount of pressure) is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10, the connectors 40 may uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17.
The connectors 40 may be configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any portion of the panel 22 and/or frame 10. For example, the connectors 40 may be configured to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22 (and/or the frame 10), a top portion of the panel 22 (and/or the frame 10), a left and/or right side portion of the panel 22 (and/or the frame 10), any other portion of the panel 22 (and/or the frame 10), or any combination of the preceding.
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the connectors 40 to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 may change based on (or be a function of) the portion of the panel 22 (and/or the frame 10) to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be greater if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the bottom portion of the panel 22 (and/or the frame 10) (which may be indicative of a less amount of flooding fluids, for example) than if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the top portion of the panel 22 (and/or the frame 10) (which may be indicative of a greater amount of flooding fluids, for example).
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the connectors 40 to uncouple the frame 10 from the structure 17 may change based on (or be a function of) the type of panel 22 included in the flood vent 8. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel without any openings 26 (or with openings 26 that may be closed, using louvers, for example) than if the panel 22 includes openings 26 that may not be closed (or if the panel 22 is a screen). In such an example, a panel 22 without openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 without openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26). As another example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel with less openings 26 (and/or with smaller openings 26) than if the panel 22 includes more openings 26 (and/or has bigger openings 26). In such an example, a panel 22 with less openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 with less openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26).
The connectors 40 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any side of the panel 22. For example, the connectors 40 may be configured to uncouple the panel 22 from the frame if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24b of the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the interior of the structure 17), thereby causing the frame 10 to be uncoupled from the structure 17 and be carried by the fluids, for example, outside of the structure 17, as is illustrated in
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vent 8 of
As is discussed above with regard to
The panel 22 may be formed from (or include) any type of material configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through the panel 22. For example, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) rubber, plastic, a polymer, a foam, a metal (such as aluminum, stainless steel, spring steel, a galvanized material, any other metal, or any combination of the preceding), any other insulating material, any other material configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a foam insulation, such as polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, polystyrene, polyethylene (such as cross linked polyethylene), icynene, air krete, teflon (PTFE), polyester, synthetic rubber, any other foam insulation, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a rubber or polymer, such as butyl, natural rubber, nitrile, ethylene propylene, polyurethane, silicone, any other rubber or polymer, or any combination of the preceding.
In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material. For example, the panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a paper cellulose material (e.g., recycled paper fibers). In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) and a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose), a wax (e.g., paraffin wax), and copper metaborate. For example, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) the product 440 Homasote manufactured by the Homasote Company. In some examples, the panel 22 may be formed from (or include) cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) in an amount of 94-98% by weight, a wax (e.g., paraffin wax) in an amount of 1-6% by weight, and copper metaborate in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight.
As illustrated, the panel 22 includes one or more perforations 60 configured to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, such as by a fluid or an object (such as a tree limb or dirt) carried by the fluid. A perforation 60 may be any type of characteristic or feature of the panel 22 that may uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, a perforation 60 may be any type of reduction in the thickness 25 (or any other dimension) of the panel 22 at one or more points on the panel 22, which may cause the panel 22 to break or fail at the perforation 60 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In such an example, a perforation 60 may be a cut-out of the material of the panel 22 (as is illustrated in
As another example, a perforation 60 may be one or more holes (or one or more rows of holes) in the panel 22, which may cause the panel 22 to break or fail at the perforation 60 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. As a further example, a perforation 60 may be a pre-stressed portion (or weak portion) of the panel 22, which may cause the panel 22 to break or fail at the perforation 60 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. As another example, a perforation 60 may be a pre-cut portion of the panel 22, which may cause the panel 22 to break or fail at the perforation 60 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. As a further example, a perforation 60 may be a combination of one or more (or all of) a reduction in the thickness 25 (or any other dimension) of the panel 22 at one or more points on the panel 22, one or more holes (or one or more rows of holes) in the panel 22, a pre-stressed portion (or weak portion) of the panel 22, a pre-cut portion of the panel 22, or any other characteristic or feature of the panel 22 that may uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8.
The perforations 60 may be configured to uncouple any portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8. As a first example, the perforations 60 may be positioned so as uncouple the entire panel 22 from the frame 10. In such an example, the perforations 60 may positioned at any location that couples the panel 22 to the frame 10, such as at the edges 23 of the panel 22. The perforations 60 may couple the panel 22 to the frame 10 until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the perforations 60 may break or fail. This may uncouple the panel 22 from the frame 10, causing the panel 22 to be completely separated from the frame 10, and be carried away from the frame 10. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a second example, the perforations 60 may be positioned so as uncouple a portion of the panel 22 from another portion of the panel 22. For example, as is illustrated in
The first portion 62 of the panel 22 may include any area of the panel 22, and the second portion 64 of the panel 22 may include any area of the panel. As one example, the first portion 62 of the panel 22 may be an outer area of the panel 22, and the second portion of the panel 22 may be an inner area of the panel 22 that is surrounded (at least partially) by the outer area of the panel 22, as is illustrated in
The perforations 60 may be located at any position on the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the location of the perforations 60 may be based on the edges 23 of the panel 22. For example, the perforations 60 (or the portions of a perforation 60) may be located a perforation distance 66 from the respective edges 23. The perforation distance 66 may be any distance, such as 0.15″, 0.25″, 0.5″, 0.75″, 1″, 1.5″, 2″, 3″, 4″, less than 0.5″, less than 0.75″, less than 1″, less than 1.5″, less than 2″, less than 3″, less than 4″, or any other distance. The perforation distance 66 may be the same for each perforation 60 (or for each portion of a perforation 60), or the perforation distance 66 may be different for one or more of the perforations 60 (or for one or more portions of a perforation 60).
The flood vent 8 may include any number of perforations 60. For example, the flood vent 8 may include one perforation 60, two perforations 60, three perforations 60, four perforations 60, six perforations 60, eight perforations 60, ten perforations 60, or any other number of perforations 60. The perforations 60 may be included on a single side of the panel 22 (such as side 24a of the panel 22 or side 24b of the panel 22) or may be included on both sides of the panel 22 (such as on both sides 24a and 24b of the panel 22). Furthermore, when perforations 60 are included on both sides of the panel 22, the perforations 60 may be located in the same location of the panel 22 on both sides of the panel 22 (as is illustrated in
The perforations 60 may be positioned in any pattern on the panel 22. For example, the perforations 60 may completely surround the portion of the panel 22 that is uncoupled from the flood vent 8, as is illustrated in
The perforations 60 may have any size and/or shape that may allow the perforations 60 to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the perforations 60 may be sized and/or shaped to reduce the thickness 25 of the panel 22 at one or more points of the panel 22 to a thickness that is less than the other portions of the panel 22. For example, if the thickness 25 of the panel 22 is, for example, 1 inch, the perforations 60 may have a reduced thickness, such as, for example, 0.75 inches, 0.5 inches, 0.4 inches, 0.33 inches, 0.3 inches, 0.25 inches, 0.2 inches. 0.1 inches, approximately 0.75 inches (i.e., 0.75 inches+/−0.1 inches), approximately 0.5 inches, approximately 0.4 inches, approximately 0.33 inches, approximately 0.3 inches, approximately 0.25 inches, approximately 0.2 inches, or any other thickness less than 1 inch. In particular embodiments, the reduction in the thickness 25 of the panel 22 at one or more points of the panel 22 may be selected to cause at least a portion of the panel 22 to uncouple from the flood vent 8 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
As is discussed above, the perforations 60 may be configured to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure may refer to the lowest amount of pressure (or approximately the lowest amount of pressure) that would cause the panel 22 to prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As an example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be 0.5 PSI, 1 PSI, 1.5 PSI, 2 PSI, 2.5 PSI, 3 PSI, 3.5 PSI, 4 PSI, 4.5 PSI, 5 PSI, 6 PSI, 7 PSI, 10 PSI, approximately 0.5 PSI (i.e., 0.5 PSI+/−0.2 PSI), approximately 1 PSI, approximately 1.5 PSI, approximately 2 PSI, approximately 2.5 PSI, approximately 3 PSI, approximately 3.5 PSI, approximately 4 PSI, approximately 4.5 PSI, approximately 5 PSI, approximately 6 PSI, approximately 7 PSI, approximately 10 PSI, or any other amount of pressure that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As a further example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be a pressure range of 0.5 PSI-7 PSI, 0.5-5.0 PSI, 0.5-4.0 PSI, 0.5-3.0 PSI, 1.0-7.0 PSI, 1.0-5.0 PSI, 1.0-4.0 PSI, 1.0-3.0 PSI, 1.5-7.0 PSI, 1.5-5.0 PSI, 1.5-4.0 PSI, 1.5-3.0 PSI, 2.0-7.0 PSI, 2.0-5.0 PSI, 2.0-4.0 PSI, 2.0-3.0 PSI, or any other pressure range that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. In some examples, the predetermined amount of pressure may be any pressure or pressure range that may prevent the interior of the structure 17 from having a water depth that is different from the water depth in the exterior of the structure 17 by more than 1 foot, more than 10 inches, more than 8 inches, more than 6 inches, more than 4 inches, more than 2 inches, or any other amount in-between more than 1 inch and more than 1 foot, during base flood conditions.
The predetermined amount of pressure may be the lowest pressure at which the perforations 60 may be configured to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8. For example, if an amount of pressure below the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the perforations 60 may not uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8. On the other hand, if an amount of pressure equal to the predetermined amount of pressure (or above the predetermined amount of pressure) is applied to the panel 22, the perforations 60 may uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8.
The perforations 60 may be configured to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any portion of the panel 22. For example, the perforations 60 may be configured to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22 (or a bottom portion of second portion 64), a top portion of the panel 22 (or a top portion of second portion 64), a left and/or right side portion of the panel 22 (or a left and/or right side portion of second portion 64), any other portion of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding.
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the perforations 60 to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 may change based on (or be a function of) the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be greater if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the bottom portion of the panel 22 (or a bottom portion of second portion 64) (which may be indicative of a less amount of flooding fluids, for example) than if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the top portion of the panel 22 (or a top portion of second portion 64) (which may be indicative of a greater amount of flooding fluids, for example).
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the perforations 60 to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 may change based on (or be a function of) the type of panel 22 included in the flood vent 8. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel without any openings 26 (or with openings that may be closed, using louvers, for example) than if the panel includes openings 26 that may not be closed (or if the panel 22 is a screen). In such an example, a panel 22 without openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 without openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26). As another example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel with less openings 26 (and/or with smaller openings 26) than if the panel 22 includes more openings 26 (and/or has bigger openings 26). In such an example, a panel 22 with less openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 with less openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26).
The perforations 60 may be configured to uncouple the at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any side of the panel 22. For example, the perforations 60 may be configured to uncouple at least a portion of the panel 22 from the flood vent 8 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24b of the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the interior of the structure 17), thereby causing at least a portion of the panel 22 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 and be carried by the fluids, for example, outside of the structure 17, as is illustrated in
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vent 8 of
As such, if a fluid (such as flooding water) applies a first predetermined amount of pressure to the panel 22, at least a portion of the panel 22 may be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 (which may reduce the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22). Furthermore, in an example where the fluid (such as the flooding water) continues to rise and apply additional force, if the fluid applies the second predetermined amount of pressure to the remainder of the panel 22, the remainder of the panel 22 may be uncoupled from the frame 10 (which may further reduce the amount of blockage of the fluid). Additionally, in an example where the fluid (such as the flooding water) continues to rise and apply additional force, if the fluid applies the third predetermined amount of pressure to the frame 10, the frame 10 may be uncoupled from the structure 17 (which may further reduce the amount of blockage of the fluid). As such, the flood vent 8 may be able to further provide for equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by flooding waters.
As another example, the flood vent 8 of
As a further example, although the flood vent 8 has been described above as including a frame 10, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may not include a frame 10. In such embodiments, the panel 22 may be configured to be coupled directly to the structure 17. As such, in particular embodiments, the panel 22 may be inserted into (or installed on) the structure 17 (such as the opening 18 in the structure 17) without the use of a frame 10.
As such, in particular embodiments, the panel 22 of flood vent 8 may prevent (or substantially prevent) objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent 8 until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22; and after the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, one or more of the insulation pieces 70 of the panel 22 may be uncoupled from the panel 22 and may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the flood vent 8 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced). This may, in particular embodiments, allow the flood vent 8 to provide insulative features to the flood vent (e.g., preventing cold air from escaping and hot air from entering the structure 17 through the flood vent 8 during summer, preventing hot air from escaping and cold air from entering the structure 17 through the flood vent 8 during winter, etc.). Furthermore, it may also allow the flood vent 8 to provide for equalization of hydrostatic forces caused by, for example, flooding fluids, even when the flooding fluids carry objects (such as debris) that may clog the openings 26 in the panel 22, when the openings 26 in the panel 22 are too small to allow sufficient fluids to pass through the flood vent 8, when the openings 26 in the panel 22 are closed, and/or when the panel 22 does not include any openings 26.
As is discussed above with regard to
The panel 22 may be any type of panel. For example, as is illustrated in
The panel 22 includes a plurality of insulation pieces 70 configured to be coupled together to form the panel 22, so as to at least partially block the fluid passageway formed by the frame 10. An insulation piece 70 may be any type of object or piece that may be coupled together with other objects or pieces in order to form a panel 22, and that may be configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through the insulation piece 70.
An insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) any type of material configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through the insulation piece 70. For example, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) rubber, plastic, a polymer, a foam, a metal (such as aluminum, stainless steel, spring steel, a galvanized material, any other metal, or any combination of the preceding), any other insulating material, any other material configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through insulation piece 70, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) a foam insulation, such as polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, polystyrene, polyethylene (such as cross linked polyethylene), icynene, air krete, teflon (PTFE), polyester, synthetic rubber, any other foam insulation, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) a rubber or polymer, such as butyl, natural rubber, nitrile, ethylene propylene, polyurethane, silicone, any other rubber or polymer, or any combination of the preceding.
In particular embodiments, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material. For example, the insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) a paper cellulose material (e.g., recycled paper fibers). In particular embodiments, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) and a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose), a wax (e.g., paraffin wax), and copper metaborate. For example, insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) the product 440 Homasote manufactured by the Homasote Company. In some examples, the insulation piece 70 may be formed from (or include) cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) in an amount of 94-98% by weight, a wax (e.g., paraffin wax) in an amount of 1-6% by weight, and copper metaborate in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight.
The panel 22 may include any number of insulation pieces 70. For example, the panel 22 may include two insulation pieces 70, three insulation pieces 70, four insulation pieces 70, ten insulation pieces 70, twenty insulation pieces 70, twenty-one insulation pieces, forty insulation pieces 70, fifty insulation pieces 70, 64 insulation pieces 70, 75 insulation pieces 70, 98 insulation pieces 70, 100 insulation pieces 70, 128 insulation pieces 70, 150 insulation pieces, 200 insulation pieces, 256 insulation pieces, or any other number of insulation pieces 70. As another example, the panel 22 may include at least two insulation pieces 70 (i.e., two or more insulation pieces 70), at least three insulation pieces 70, at least four insulation pieces 70, at least ten insulation pieces 70, at least twenty insulation pieces 70, at least twenty-one insulation pieces 70, at least forty insulation pieces 70, at least fifty insulation pieces 70, at least 64 insulation pieces 70, at least 75 insulation pieces 70, at least 100 insulation pieces 70, at least 128 insulation pieces 70, at least 150 insulation pieces 70, at least 200 insulation pieces 70, or at least 256 insulation pieces 70. As another example, the panel 22 may include a range of insulation pieces 70, such as 2-10 insulation pieces 70, 10-20 insulation pieces 70, 10-50 insulation pieces 70, 50-100 insulation pieces 70, 64-128 insulation pieces 70, 100-256 insulation pieces 70, or any other range of insulation pieces 70.
An insulation piece 70 may have any size and/or shape. For example, an insulation piece 70 may have a height 72 of 0.15″, 0.25″, 0.50″, 1.0″ 1.50″, 2.0″, 3.0″ 4.0″, or any other height 72. As another example, an insulation piece 70 may have a length 74 of 0.15″, 0.25″, 0.50″, 1.0″ 1.50″, 2.0″, 3.0″ 4.0″, or any other length 74. As a further example, an insulation piece 70 may have a thickness 76 of 0.15″, 0.25″, 0.50″, 1.0″ 1.50″, 2.0″, 3.0″ 4.0″, or any other thickness 76. As another example, an insulation piece 70 may have a cross section that is rectangular-shaped, square-shaped (as is illustrated in
In particular embodiments, the insulation piece 70 may have a volume (e.g., height 72, length 74, and thickness 76) of 0.5″ cubed, 1″ cubed, 1.5″ cubed, 2″ cubed, 2.5″ cubed, 3″ cubed, 3.5″ cubed, or any other volume. In particular embodiments, the insulation piece 70 may have a volume of approximately 0.5″ cubed (i.e., 0.5″ cubed+/−0.1″ cubed), approximately 1″ cubed, approximately 1.5″ cubed, approximately 2″ cubed, approximately 2.5″ cubed, approximately 3″ cubed, approximately 3.5″ cubed, or approximately any other volume.
As is seen in
In particular embodiments, the size and/or shape of the insulation piece 70 may assist flood vent 8 in providing for equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. For example, the size and/or shape of the insulation piece 70 may allow the insulation piece 70 to uncouple from the panel 22 and be carried away from the flood vent 8 by the fluid without, for example, the insulation piece 70 becoming stuck in a portion of the flood vent 8, a portion of an adjacent flood vent 8 (e.g., the uncoupled insulation pieces 70 may float underneath an open panel 22 or other door in an adjacent flood vent 8 installed in the same opening 18 in the structure 17), and/or the opening 18 in the structure 17. As such, the flood vent 8, the adjacent flood vent 8, and/or the opening 18 in the structure 17 may not be clogged (or otherwise blocked) by the uncoupled insulation pieces 70, which may allow the flood vent 8 to further provide for equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8.
The panel 22 further includes one or more insulation piece connectors 80. An insulation piece connector 80 may include any type of one or more connectors configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, and further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, such as by a fluid or an object (such as a tree limb or dirt) carried by the fluid. As a first example, an insulation piece connector 80 may be one or more pieces of lamination in contact with the insulation pieces 70. The one or more pieces of lamination may be configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, and may be further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The pieces of lamination may include any type of laminate, such as one or more pieces of a plastic film, one or more pieces of a polymer film, any other laminate or film that may couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding.
Furthermore, the one or more pieces of lamination may be further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the one or more pieces of lamination may be configured to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the one or more pieces of lamination may be engineered and/or modified to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. As one example, the one or more pieces of lamination may include rows of holes (or perforations) that may weaken the one or more pieces of lamination so as to break when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the amount of material used in the lamination may be selected to cause the one or more pieces of lamination to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
The pieces of lamination may be laminated to (or otherwise in contact) with each of the insulation pieces 70. For example, the insulation pieces 70 may be arranged together in the shape of the panel 22, and then the one or more pieces of lamination may be laminated to (or otherwise be put in contact with) each of the insulation pieces 70 on the side 24a of the panel 22, thereby coupling the insulation pieces 70 to each other and forming the panel 22. As a further example, the insulation pieces 70 may be arranged together in the shape of the panel 22, and then the one or more pieces of lamination may be laminated to (or otherwise be put in contact with) each of the insulation pieces 70 on the side 24b of the panel 22 (as is illustrated in
The pieces of lamination may couple the insulation pieces 70 together (thereby forming the panel 22, as is seen in
As a second example, an insulation piece connector 80 may be an adhesive configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, and further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The adhesive may include any adhesive substance that may adhere the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, such as glue, cement, Lexel® adhesive, any other adhesive substance that may adhere the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the adhesive may be further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the adhesive may be configured to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the adhesive may be engineered and/or modified to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the amount of adhesive used to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22 may be selected to cause the adhesive to peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 and/or the frame 10.
The adhesive may include one or more portions of the adhesive coupled to each of the insulation pieces 70, thereby coupling the insulation pieces 70 to each other and forming the panel 22. The one or more portions of the adhesive may be coupled to any area of the insulation pieces 70, such one or more (or all of the) edges (or sides) of the insulation pieces 70, the side 24a of the panel 22, the side 24b of the panel 22, both the sides 24a and 24b of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. The portions of the adhesive may couple the insulation pieces 70 together (thereby forming the panel 22) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the adhesive may peel off, break, or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. This may cause one or more of the insulation pieces 70 to be completely separated from the panel 22 (and/or the remaining insulation pieces 70), and be carried away from the flood vent 8. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a third example, an insulation piece connector 80 may be one or more mechanical fasteners configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, and further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The mechanical fasteners may include any one or more devices and/or objects that may mechanically fasten the insulation pieces 70 together, such as one or more nails, screws, rivets, nuts and bolts, rods and studs, anchors, pins, retaining rings and/or clips, any other devices and/or objects that may mechanically fasten the insulation pieces 70 together, or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the mechanical fasteners may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the mechanical fasteners may be configured to break or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the mechanical fasteners may be engineered and/or modified to break or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
The mechanical fasteners may include one or more mechanical fasteners coupled to each of the insulation pieces 70, thereby coupling the insulation pieces 70 to each other and forming the panel 22. The mechanical fasteners may be coupled to any area of the insulation pieces 70, such one or more (or all of the) edges (or sides) of the insulation pieces 70, the side 24a of the panel 22, the side 24b of the panel 22, both the sides 24a and 24b of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. The mechanical fasteners may couple the insulation pieces 70 together (thereby forming the panel 22) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the mechanical fasteners may break or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. This may cause one or more of the insulation pieces 70 to be completely separated from the panel 22 (and/or the remaining insulation pieces 70), and be carried away from the flood vent 8. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a fourth example, an insulation piece connector 80 may be one or more integral connectors configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, and further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The integral connectors may be portions of the insulation pieces 70, themselves, that couple the insulation pieces 70 together. For example, the insulation pieces 70 may be formed or otherwise manufactured in the form of the panel 22, with connector segments integrally formed in (or on) the insulation pieces 70 so as to protrude from the insulation pieces 70 and attach the insulation pieces 70 together (as is illustrated in
As another example, the panel 22 may be formed as a single solid piece, and the insulation pieces 70 and integral connectors may be formed from the solid piece (such as by stamping the solid piece, cutting-out portions of the solid piece, or any other means of removing material). As an example of this, a steel rule die (e.g., a steel rule die having one or more divots in the blade) may be used to stamp the solid-piece (such as a solid-piece of polyethylene foam), for example. Such stamping may cut through almost the entire thickness (or other dimension) of the panel 22 in order to form the individual insulation pieces 70 in the panel 22, but may leave one or more un-cut connections or strands (e.g., hair-like strands) in-between each of the individual insulation pieces 70. These un-cut connections or strands may be the integral connectors configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22.
Furthermore, the integral connectors may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, the integral connectors may be configured to break or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the integral connectors may be sized (e.g., by the one or more divots in the blade of the steel rule die, for example) (or otherwise modified) to break or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
The integral connectors may include one or more integral connectors coupled to (or formed in) each of the insulation pieces 70, thereby coupling the insulation pieces 70 to each other and forming the panel 22. The integral connectors may be coupled to (or formed in) any area of the insulation pieces, such one or more (or all of the) edges (or sides) of the insulation pieces 70, the side 24a of the panel 22, the side 24b of the panel 22, both the sides 24a and 24b of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. The integral connectors may couple the insulation pieces 70 together (thereby forming the panel 22) until a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the integral connectors may break or otherwise uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. This may cause one or more of the insulation pieces 70 to be completely separated from the panel 22 (and/or the remaining insulation pieces 70), and be carried away from the flood vent 8. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
As a fifth example, an insulation piece connector 80 may be a connector frame configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, and further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. The connector frame may include any one or more devices and/or objects that may couple the insulation pieces 70 together by applying pressure to one or more of the insulation pieces 70. As an example of this, the connector frame may be a frame that includes an internal holding space. The insulation pieces 70 may be positioned into the internal holding space, and the internal holding space may apply pressure to one or more of the insulation pieces 70, coupling them together.
The connector frame may further be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the predetermined amount of pressure may overcome the pressure provided by the connector frame, causing one or more of the insulation pieces 70 to uncouple from the panel 22. This may cause one or more of the insulation pieces 70 to be completely uncoupled from the panel 22 (and/or the remaining insulation pieces 70), and be carried away from the flood vent 8. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced).
The connector frame may be the frame 10 of the flood vent 8. In such an example, the panel 22 may be coupled directly to the frame 10 (e.g., by being positioned in an internal holding space of the frame 10), and the frame 10, itself, may perform one or more of the functions of the connector frame (e.g., the frame 10 may couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22 and/or may uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.) In other examples, the connector frame may be a device and/or object that is different from the frame 10 of the flood vent 8. In such an example, the insulation pieces 70 may be positioned in the connector frame in order to form the panel 22. Then the connector frame may be coupled to the frame 10 (e.g., via one or more pins or other connectors) in order to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10. For example, the connector frame may be the frame 84 discussed below. Further details regarding an example connector frame are discussed below with regard to
The flood vent 8 may include any number of insulation piece connectors 80. For example, the flood vent 8 may include one insulation piece connector 80, two insulation piece connectors 80, three insulation piece connectors 80, four insulation piece connectors 80, six insulation piece connectors 80, eight insulation piece connectors 80, ten insulation piece connectors 80, twenty insulation piece connectors 80, fifty insulation piece connectors 80, 64 insulation piece connectors 80, 100 insulation piece connectors 80, 128 insulation piece connectors 80, 256 insulation piece connectors 80, one insulation piece connector 80 for each insulation piece 70, two insulation piece connectors 80 for each insulation piece 70, or any other number of insulation piece connectors 80. The insulation piece connectors 80 may have any size and/or shape that may allow the insulation piece connectors 80 to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
As is discussed above, the insulation piece connectors 80 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure may refer to the lowest amount of pressure (or approximately the lowest amount of pressure) that would cause the panel 22 to prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As an example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be 0.5 PSI, 1 PSI, 1.5 PSI, 2 PSI, 2.5 PSI, 3 PSI, 3.5 PSI, 4 PSI, 4.5 PSI, 5 PSI, 6 PSI, 7 PSI, 10 PSI, approximately 0.5 PSI (i.e., 0.5 PSI+/−0.2 PSI), approximately 1 PSI, approximately 1.5 PSI, approximately 2 PSI, approximately 2.5 PSI, approximately 3 PSI, approximately 3.5 PSI, approximately 4 PSI, approximately 4.5 PSI, approximately 5 PSI, approximately 6 PSI, approximately 7 PSI, approximately 10 PSI, or any other amount of pressure that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As a further example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be a pressure range of 0.5 PSI-7 PSI, 0.5-5.0 PSI, 0.5-4.0 PSI, 0.5-3.0 PSI, 1.0-7.0 PSI, 1.0-5.0 PSI, 1.0-4.0 PSI, 1.0-3.0 PSI, 1.5-7.0 PSI, 1.5-5.0 PSI, 1.5-4.0 PSI, 1.5-3.0 PSI, 2.0-7.0 PSI, 2.0-5.0 PSI, 2.0-4.0 PSI, 2.0-3.0 PSI, or any other pressure range that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. In some examples, the predetermined amount of pressure may be any pressure or pressure range that may prevent the interior of the structure 17 from having a water depth that is different from the water depth in the exterior of the structure 17 by more than 1 foot, more than 10 inches, more than 8 inches, more than 6 inches, more than 4 inches, more than 2 inches, or any other amount in-between more than 1 inch and more than 1 foot, during base flood conditions.
The predetermined amount of pressure may be the lowest pressure at which the insulation piece connectors 80 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. For example, if an amount of pressure below the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the insulation piece connectors 80 may not uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. On the other hand, if an amount of pressure equal to the predetermined amount of pressure (or above the predetermined amount of pressure) is applied to the panel 22, the insulation piece connectors 80 may uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22.
The insulation piece connectors 80 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any portion of the panel 22. For example, the insulation piece connectors 80 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22, a top portion of the panel 22, a left and/or right side portion of the panel 22, any other portion of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding.
Furthermore, the one or more insulation pieces 70 uncoupled from the panel 22 may be associated with the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22, the one or more insulation pieces 70 uncoupled from the panel 22 may be insulation pieces 70 that were located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22. Furthermore, in such an example, the insulation pieces 70 not located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22 may not be uncoupled from the panel 22. Instead, the insulation pieces 70 not located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22 may remain coupled to the panel 22 (and/or the remaining insulation pieces 70 in the panel 22) until the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the portion of the panel 22 in which those insulation pieces 70 are located (and/or near where those insulation pieces 70 are located). Alternatively, in particular embodiments, once one or more insulation pieces 70 are uncoupled from the panel 22, the uncoupling may create a cascading effect that may uncouple all or a substantial portion (i.e., 90%) of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22.
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the insulation piece connectors 80 to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may change based on (or be a function of) the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be greater if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the bottom portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a less amount of flooding fluids, for example) than if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the top portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a greater amount of flooding fluids, for example).
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the insulation piece connectors 80 to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may change based on (or be a function of) the type of panel 22 included in the flood vent 8. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel without any openings 26 (or with openings that may be closed, using louvers, for example) than if the panel 22 includes openings 26 that may not be closed. In such an example, a panel 22 without openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 without openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26). As another example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel 22 with less openings 26 (and/or with smaller openings 26) than if the panel 22 includes more openings 26 (and/or has bigger openings 26). In such an example, a panel 22 with less openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 with less openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26).
The insulation piece connectors 80 may be configured to uncouple the one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any side of the panel 22. For example, the insulation piece connectors 80 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24b of the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the interior of the structure 17), thereby causing the one or more insulation pieces 70 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 and be carried by the fluids, for example, outside of the structure 17, as is illustrated in
The panel 22 may further have a frame 84 (e.g., a panel frame), as is illustrated in
The frame 84 may have any size and/or shape. For example, the frame 84 may have an edge sizing 88 of 0.15″, 0.25″, 0.375″, 0.50″, 1.0″ 1.50″, 2.0″, 3.0″ 4.0″, or any other edge sizing 88. As another example, the frame 84 may be rectangular-shaped (as is illustrated in
The frame 84 may be formed from (or include) any type of material configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through the frame 84. For example, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) rubber, plastic, a polymer, a foam, a metal (such as aluminum, stainless steel, spring steel, a galvanized material, any other metal, or any combination of the preceding), any other insulating material, any other material configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through frame 84, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a foam insulation, such as polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, polystyrene, polyethylene (such as cross linked polyethylene), icynene, air krete, teflon (PTFE), polyester, synthetic rubber, any other foam insulation, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a rubber or polymer, such as butyl, natural rubber, nitrile, ethylene propylene, polyurethane, silicone, any other rubber or polymer, or any combination of the preceding.
In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material. For example, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a paper cellulose material (e.g., recycled paper fibers). In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) and a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose), a wax (e.g., paraffin wax), and copper metaborate. For example, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) the product 440 Homasote manufactured by the Homasote Company. In some examples, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) in an amount of 94-98% by weight, a wax (e.g., paraffin wax) in an amount of 1-6% by weight, and copper metaborate in an amount of less than 0.1% by weight. Additionally, the frame 84 may be formed from the same material as insulation pieces 70, or may be formed from a different material.
In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed simultaneously (or substantially simultaneously) with the insulation pieces 70 and insulation piece connectors 80. For example, the panel 22 may be formed as a single solid piece, and the frame 84, the insulation pieces 70, and the insulation piece connectors 80 may be formed from the solid piece (such as by stamping the solid piece, cutting-out portions of the solid piece, or any other means of removing material). As an example of this, a steel rule die (e.g., a steel rule die having one or more divots in the blade) may be used to stamp the solid-piece (such as a solid-piece of polyethylene foam), for example. Such stamping may cut through almost the entire thickness (or other dimension) of the panel 22 in order to form the frame 84 and the individual insulation pieces 70 in the panel 22, but may leave one or more un-cut connections or strands (e.g., hair-like strands) in-between each of the individual insulation pieces 70 and the frame 84. These un-cut connections or strands may be the insulation piece connectors 80 configured to couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22.
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vent 8 of
As such, if a fluid (such as flooding water) applies a first predetermined amount of pressure to the panel 22, one or more insulation pieces 70 may be uncoupled from the panel 22 (which may reduce the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway by the panel 22). Furthermore, in an example where the fluid (such as the flooding water) continues to rise and apply additional force, if the fluid applies the second predetermined amount of pressure to the frame 10, the frame 10 may be uncoupled from the structure 17 (which may further reduce the amount of blockage of the fluid). As such, the flood vent 8 may be able to further provide for equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by flooding waters.
As another example, although the flood vent 8 has been described above as including a frame 10, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may not include a frame 10. In such embodiments, the panel 22 may be configured to be coupled directly to the structure 17. As such, in particular embodiments, the panel 22 may be inserted into (or installed on) the structure 17 (such as the opening 18 in the structure 17) without the use of a frame 10.
As is also illustrated, the flood vent 8 may also include a sheet 92 that may be coupled to the flood vent 8, and that may prevent air from passing from a first side of the flood vent 8 (and/or frame 10) to a second side of the flood vent 8 (and/or frame 10). As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may prevent contaminants (e.g., contaminants carried in the air) from entering and/or exiting a structure 17 through the flood vent 8. Furthermore, in particular embodiments, the sheet 92 may be removed from the flood vent 8 prior to a flood event, so as to allow the flood vent 8 to provide for equalization of hydrostatic forces caused by, for example, flooding fluids.
As is discussed above with regard to
The panel 22 may be any type of panel. For example, as is illustrated in
The panel 22 may include a plurality of insulation pieces 70 configured to be coupled together (or otherwise positioned together), so as to at least partially block the fluid passageway formed by the frame 10. An insulation piece 70 may be any type of object or piece that may be coupled together (or otherwise positioned together) with other objects or pieces in order to form a portion of the panel 22, and that may be configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through the insulation piece 70. Further details regarding the insulation pieces 70 are discussed above with regard to
The panel 22 may further have a frame 84 (e.g., a panel frame). The frame 84 may be a portion of the panel 22 that surrounds the insulation pieces 70. In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be a portion of the panel 22 that does not uncouple from the panel 22. For example, although the insulation pieces 70 may be uncoupled from the panel 22, the frame 84 may remain a portion of the panel 22. In such an example, the insulation pieces 70 may uncouple from the frame 84 (and the panel 22) when the predetermined amount of the pressure is applied to the insulation pieces 70. In particular embodiments, all of the insulation pieces 70 may be uncoupled from the frame 84 of the panel 22, leaving an opening in the panel 22 having the shape of the frame 84. Further details regarding the frame 84 are discussed above with regard to
Although the panel 22 may include insulation pieces 70 and a frame 84, the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from each other (and/or the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from the frame 84). For example, the panel 22 may not include any additional material or adhesive (or other connector) that is physically attached to two or more insulation pieces 70, or that is physically attached to an insulation piece 70 and the frame 84. Instead, each insulation piece 70 (and/or frame 84) may be a separate unit. In such examples, pressure may be used to couple the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84 together to form the panel 22, as is discussed below. The separation between each insulation piece 70 (and between each insulation piece 70 and the frame 84) may be formed in any manner.
As a first example, each insulation piece 70 (and the frame 84) may be formed individually, and then assembled together to form the panel 22. In such an example, each piece would remain separate from the other pieces.
As a second example, the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84 may be formed from a single solid piece of material (e.g., by stamping the solid piece, cutting-out portions of the solid piece, or any other means of removing material). As an example of this, a steel rule die may be used to stamp the solid-piece (such as a solid-piece of polyethylene foam) to create a panel 22 having the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84. Such stamping may cut entirely through the thickness (or other dimension) of the solid piece of material in order to form each individual insulation piece 70 (and/or the individual frame 84) in the panel 22 as separate pieces. These separate pieces may form the panel 22.
Similar to
To couple the insulation pieces 70 (and frame 84) together to form the panel 22, the frame 10 may include an internal holding space 96. The internal holding space 96 may be any space inside of (or attached to) the frame 10 into which all (or a portion) of the panel 22 may be positioned. As such, the internal holding space 96 may hold the panel 22 in the frame 10 when the panel 22 is positioned in the internal holding space 96. The internal holding space 96 may have any size and/or shape that allows all (or a portion) of the panel 22 to fit within the internal holding space 96.
In addition to holding the panel 22, the internal holding space 96 may apply pressure to the panel 22 while it is holding the panel 22. This pressure may couple the insulation pieces 70 (and frame 84) together to form the panel 22. For example, this pressure may squeeze the insulation pieces 70 (and the frame 84) together, thereby preventing the insulation pieces 70 from being uncoupled from the panel 22 until, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
The internal holding space 96 may apply pressure to the panel 22 in any manner. As a first example, the internal holding space 96 may include one or more protrusions (e.g., bumps) that extend out of walls of the internal holding space 96. When the panel 22 is positioned within the internal holding space 96, these protrusions may apply pressure to portions of the panel 22. As a second example, the internal holding space 96 may have a length 100 and/or height 104 (and/or other dimension) that is smaller than a corresponding length and/or height (and/or other dimension) of the panel 22. For example, the internal holding space 96 may have a length 100 of 15.50 inches and/or a height 104 of 7.5 inches, while the panel 22 may have a corresponding length of 16 inches and/or a corresponding height of 8 inches. As another example, the internal holding space 96 may have a length 100 that is smaller than the corresponding length of the panel 22 by less than 1/64 of an inch, and/or may have a height 104 that is smaller than the corresponding height of the panel 22 by less than 1/64 of an inch. In such examples, the internal holding space 96 may create a pressed fit for the panel 22. When the panel 22 is positioned within the internal holding space 96, this smaller size may apply pressure to portions of the panel 22.
The internal holding space 96 may apply pressure to the panel 22 in any direction(s). As one example, the internal holding space 96 may apply pressure to the panel 22 in a direction that is parallel to the length of the panel 22. Examples of this direction are illustrated as arrows 108a and 108b. As another example, the internal holding space 96 may apply pressure to the panel 22 in a direction that is parallel to the height of the panel 22. Examples of this direction are illustrated as arrows 112a and 112b. As a further example, the internal holding space 96 may apply pressure to the panel 22 in both a direction that is parallel to the length of the panel 22 and also a direction that is parallel to the height of the panel 22. In particular embodiments, by applying pressure in a direction that is parallel to the length (and/or height) of the panel 22, the insulation pieces 70 (and frame 84) may be squeezed together. Furthermore, although the directions have been described above as being parallel to the length and/or height of the panel 22, in some examples the directions may be generally parallel (e.g., parallel+/−20 degrees in any direction) to the length and/or height of the panel 22.
To further couple the insulation pieces 70 (and frame 84) together to form the panel 22, the frame 10 may also include a center rail 114. The center rail 114 may be a support structure that extends from a first interior edge of the frame 10 (e.g., top interior edge 13a) to an opposite interior edge of the frame 10 (e.g., bottom interior edge 13b), as is illustrated in
The frame 10 (and the internal holding space 96) may be further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, as is discussed above, the frame 10 may apply pressure to the panel 22 (via the internal holding space 96, for example). The amount of pressure applied by the frame 10 may be configured to be overcome by at least a predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). This pressure applied by the fluid (for example) may be applied in a direction that is orthogonal (or generally orthogonal) to the pressure applied by the frame 10. Once this predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by the fluid (for example), one or more of the insulation pieces 70 may be pushed out of their position in the panel 22, causing the insulation piece(s) 70 to completely uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or uncouple from the remaining insulation pieces 70), and further causing the insulation piece(s) 70 to be carried away from the flood vent 8. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced). An example of the uncoupling of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 is illustrated in
As is discussed above, the amount of pressure applied by the frame 10 to the panel 22 may be configured to be overcome by at least a predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). As an example of this, the amount of pressure applied by the frame 10 to the panel 22 may be increased, in some examples, so as to cause the amount of pressure (applied by a fluid, for example) needed to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel to also increase. This increase in pressure applied by the frame 10 to the panel 22 may be the result of decreasing the size of the internal holding space 96, for example. Alternatively, the amount of pressure applied by the frame 10 to the panel 22 may be decreased, in some examples, so as to cause the amount of pressure (applied by a fluid, for example) needed to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel to also decrease. This decrease in pressure applied by the frame 10 to the panel 22 may be the result of increasing the size of the internal holding space 96, for example.
As is discussed above, the frame 10 (and the internal holding space 96) may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure may refer to the lowest amount of pressure (or approximately the lowest amount of pressure) that would cause the panel 22 to prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As an example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be 0.5 PSI, 1 PSI, 1.5 PSI, 2 PSI, 2.5 PSI, 3 PSI, 3.5 PSI, 4 PSI, 4.5 PSI, 5 PSI, 6 PSI, 7 PSI, 10 PSI, approximately 0.5 PSI (i.e., 0.5 PSI+/−0.2 PSI), approximately 1 PSI, approximately 1.5 PSI, approximately 2 PSI, approximately 2.5 PSI, approximately 3 PSI, approximately 3.5 PSI, approximately 4 PSI, approximately 4.5 PSI, approximately 5 PSI, approximately 6 PSI, approximately 7 PSI, approximately 10 PSI, or any other amount of pressure that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As a further example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be a pressure range of 0.5 PSI-7 PSI, 0.5-5.0 PSI, 0.5-4.0 PSI, 0.5-3.0 PSI, 1.0-7.0 PSI, 1.0-5.0 PSI, 1.0-4.0 PSI, 1.0-3.0 PSI, 1.5-7.0 PSI, 1.5-5.0 PSI, 1.5-4.0 PSI, 1.5-3.0 PSI, 2.0-7.0 PSI, 2.0-5.0 PSI, 2.0-4.0 PSI, 2.0-3.0 PSI, or any other pressure range that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. In some examples, the predetermined amount of pressure may be any pressure or pressure range that may prevent the interior of the structure 17 from having a water depth that is different from the water depth in the exterior of the structure 17 by more than 1 foot, more than 10 inches, more than 8 inches, more than 6 inches, more than 4 inches, more than 2 inches, or any other amount in-between more than 1 inch and more than 1 foot, during base flood conditions.
The predetermined amount of pressure may be the lowest pressure at which the frame 10 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. For example, if an amount of pressure below the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the frame 10 may not uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. On the other hand, if an amount of pressure equal to the predetermined amount of pressure (or above the predetermined amount of pressure) is applied to the panel 22, the frame 10 may uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22.
The frame 10 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any portion of the panel 22. For example, the frame 10 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22, a top portion of the panel 22, a left and/or right side portion of the panel 22, any other portion of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the one or more insulation pieces 70 uncoupled from the panel 22 may be associated with the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22, the one or more insulation pieces 70 uncoupled from the panel 22 may be insulation pieces 70 that were located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22. Furthermore, in such an example, the insulation pieces 70 not located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22 may not be uncoupled from the panel 22. Instead, the insulation pieces 70 not located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22 may remain coupled to the panel 22 (and/or the remaining insulation pieces 70 in the panel 22) until the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the portion of the panel 22 in which those insulation pieces 70 are located (and/or near where those insulation pieces 70 are located). Alternatively, in particular embodiments, once one or more insulation pieces 70 are uncoupled from the panel 22, the uncoupling may create a cascading effect that may uncouple all or a substantial portion (i.e., 90%) of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22.
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the frame 10 to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may change based on (or be a function of) the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be greater if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the bottom portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a less amount of flooding fluids, for example) than if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the top portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a greater amount of flooding fluids, for example).
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the frame 10 to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may change based on (or be a function of) the type of panel 22 included in the flood vent 8. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel without any openings 26 (or with openings that may be closed, using louvers, for example) than if the panel includes openings 26 that may not be closed. In such an example, a panel 22 without openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 without openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26). As another example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel 22 with less openings 26 (and/or with smaller openings 26) than if the panel 22 includes more openings 26 (and/or has bigger openings 26). In such an example, a panel 22 with less openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 with less openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26).
The frame 10 may be configured to uncouple the one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any side of the panel 22. For example, the frame 10 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24b of the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the interior of the structure 17), thereby causing the one or more insulation pieces 70 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 and be carried by the fluids, for example, outside of the structure 17. In particular embodiments, this may cause the one or more insulation pieces 70 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 when flooding fluids, for example, enter the flood vent 8 from inside the structure 17. As another example, the frame 10 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24a the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the exterior of the structure 17), thereby causing the one or more insulation pieces 70 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 and be carried by the fluids, for example, inside of the structure 17 (e.g., as is seen in
In particular embodiments, the frame 10's ability to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may be assisted by the insulation pieces 70, themselves. For example, as is discussed above, the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from each other (and/or the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from the frame 84). This separation configuration may assist in uncoupling the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, this separation may prevent the fluid (such as flooding water) from also having to break an additional physical connection between two or more of the insulation pieces 70. This may lower the amount of pressure required to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel, in particular embodiments. As such, the separation between the insulation pieces 70 (and/or the frame 84) may be one example of the insulation pieces 70 being configured to uncouple from the panel 22 when, for example, the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. Other examples may include the size of the insulation pieces 70, the material of the insulation pieces 70, the arrangement of the insulation pieces 70, any other feature of the insulation pieces 70, or any combination of the preceding.
In addition to coupling and uncoupling the insulation pieces 70, the frame 10 may further be configured to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10. For example, the frame 10 (and/or the internal holding space 96) may include one or more coupling elements 116 (e.g., tabs, pins, etc.) that extend out of the frame 10 (and/or the internal holding space 96). When the panel 22 is positioned within the internal holding space 96 of the frame 10, the coupling elements 116 may stick into or pierce the material of the panel 22. As an example, the coupling elements 116 may pierce the cross linked polyethylene material of the panel 22. This may further hold the panel 22 in position within the frame 10, preventing it from moving (or reducing the amount of movement) when it is coupled to the frame 10. The coupling elements 116 may stick into or pierce any portion of the panel 22. For example, the coupling elements 116 may stick into or pierce the frame 84 of the panel 22.
The coupling elements 116 (e.g., tabs) may have any size and/or shape that allows them to stick into or pierce the material of the panel 22. Furthermore, the coupling elements 116 may extend out of the frame 10 (and/or the internal holding space 96) at any angle that allows them to stick into or pierce the material of the panel 22. For example, the coupling elements 116 may extend out of the frame 10 (and/or the internal holding space 96) at a 30° angle, a 45° angle, a 90° angle, or any other angle that allows the coupling elements 116 to stick into or pierce the material of the panel 22. The frame 10 (and/or internal holding space 96) may have any number of coupling elements 116. For example, the frame 10 (and/or internal holding space 96) may have 1 coupling element 116, 2 coupling elements 116, 4 coupling elements 116, 5 coupling elements 116, or any other number of coupling elements 116. As is illustrated, the internal holding space 96 has four coupling elements 116: coupling element 116a, coupling element 116b, coupling element 116c (not shown), and coupling element 116d (also not shown).
The panel 22 may also (or alternatively) be coupled to the frame 10 using an adhesive (such as glue, cement, and/or Lexel®), coupled to the frame 10 using one or more pins that may be inserted or snapped into one or more channels or hooks in the frame 10, coupled to the frame 10 using one or more rivets, nails, and/or any other connector, coupled to the structure 17 (and thus the frame 10) using one or more rivets, nails, and/or any other connector, coupled to the frame 10 in any other manner, or any combination of the preceding.
To couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, the panel 22 may be positioned in the frame 10 (e.g., positioned in the internal holding space 96 of the frame 10). The panel 22 may be positioned in the frame 10 (and/or the internal holding space 96) in any manner. As an example, the panel 22 may be picked up, oriented to fit within the internal holding space 96, and pushed into the internal holding space 96. In such an example, the back edges of the internal holding space 96 and/or the center rail 114 may prevent the panel 22 from being pushed entirely through the frame 10. Instead, the panel 22 may rest against these portions of the frame 10 when the panel 22 is fully positioned within the frame 10. When the frame 10 includes the coupling elements 116, the act of pushing the panel 22 into the internal holding space 96 may cause the coupling elements 116 to slide into or pierce the material of the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the act of picking up the panel 22 may be complicated by the separation between the insulation pieces 70 (and/or frame 84), discussed above. To deal with this, a person picking up the panel 22 may apply pressure to the top edge, bottom edge, and/or side edges of the frame 84 of the panel 22, in particular embodiments. This pressure may prevent the insulation pieces 70 from uncoupling from the panel 22 when the panel 22 is being picked up. Then, when the panel 22 is positioned within the frame 10, the frame 10 may begin providing pressure to the panel 22, as is also discussed above.
In particular embodiments, the panel 22 may be pre-installed in (or pre-coupled to) the frame 10. For example, the panel 22 may be pre-installed in the frame 10 by the manufacturer or seller of the panel 22 or the frame 10. This pre-installation of the panel 22 may prevent the insulation pieces 70 from uncoupling from the panel 22 when the panel 22 and frame 10 are installed in the flood vent 8.
According to the illustrated embodiment of
The sheet 92 may be any covering that blocks the passage of air (or other fluids) through the sheet 92. For example, the sheet 92 may be a sheet, film, label, tarp, any other covering that blocks the passage of air through the sheet 92, or any combination of the preceding. The sheet 92 may be formed from (or include) any material that allows it to block the passage of air (or other fluids) through the sheet 92. For example, the sheet 92 may be formed from (or include) linear low density polyethylene plastic (LLDPE), low density polyethylene plastic (LDPE), high density polyethylene plastic (HDPE), polyethylene plastic (PE), polyethylene, any other plastic, or any combination of the preceding.
By blocking the passage of air (or other fluids), the sheet 92 may prevent air (or other fluids) from passing from a first side of the flood vent 8 to a second side of the flood vent 8. For example, as is shown in
A contaminant may refer to any particle(s) or element(s) that may be undesirable. For example, a contaminant may refer to mold, bacteria, viruses, unwanted food particles, any other undesirable particles(s) or element(s), or any combination of the preceding. As an example of this, if the structure 17 in which the flood vent 8 is installed is being used for food manufacturing (e.g. a food manufacturing plant), the contaminant may refer to peanut-based particles. In such an example, the sheet 92 may prevent such peanut-based particles from entering the structure 17 and possibly contaminating the food being manufactured. By doing so, the sheet 92 may help prevent the manufactured food from causing allergic reactions to people who have peanut allergies.
The sheet 92 may have any size and/or shape that allows it to prevent air (or other fluids) from passing from a first side of the flood vent 8 to a second side of the flood vent 8. For example, as is illustrated, the sheet 92 may have a size large enough to extend over the entire panel 22 (e.g., extend over all of the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84) and further extend at least partially over portions of the frame 10 (e.g., extend over at least a portion of the rails of the frame 10). The sheet 92 may be opaque or translucent. By being translucent (or partially translucent), a user may be able to see through the sheet 92 in order to view the insulation pieces 70 of the panel 22. This may allow a user (e.g., an inspector) to see if any dirt, mold, liquid, or other contaminants have entered the flood vent 8 and made it past the panel 22. It also may allow a user to see if any of the insulation pieces 70 have accidentally uncoupled from the panel 22. When this occurs, the panel 22 may be replaced with a new panel 22 and the sheet 92 may be replaced with a new sheet 92, in particular embodiments. Furthermore, the remainder of the flood vent 8 may also be cleaned, so as to remove the contaminants.
As is illustrated, the sheet 92 may be coupled to the flood vent 8. The sheet 92 may be coupled to the flood vent 8 in any manner. For example, the sheet 92 may be coupled to the flood vent 8 using mechanical devices (e.g., screws, nails, clips, etc.), using adhesives (e.g., glue, cement, Lexel®, etc.), any other manner of coupling the sheet 92 to the flood vent 8, or any combination of the preceding. The sheet 92 may be coupled to any portion of the flood vent 8. For example, the sheet 92 may be coupled to the frame 10, the frame 84 of the panel 22, any other portion of the flood vent 8, or any combination of the preceding. In particular embodiments, the sheet 92 may be coupled directly to the structure, itself. As is illustrated, the sheet 92 is coupled to the frame 10 using an adhesive. In such an example, the sheet 92 may only be coupled to the frame 10 (as opposed to being coupled to the panel 22). This may prevent the sheet 92 from sticking to and pulling out the insulation pieces 70 when the sheet 92 is removed from the flood vent 8.
The sheet 92 may have a pre-applied adhesive that is included on the perimeter edges of the sheet 92 (e.g., on the back-side of the sheet 92). The sheet 92 may also have an adhesive cover that prevents the adhesive from being activated (or otherwise exposed). Before the sheet 92 is coupled to the flood vent 8, the adhesive cover may be removed, exposing the pre-applied adhesive. Then, the sheet 92 may be coupled to the flood vent 8 by pressing the back-side perimeter edges of the sheet 92 against the rails of the frame 10. Once the sheet 92 is coupled to the frame 10, the sheet 92 may prevent air (or other fluids) from passing from a first side of the flood vent 8 to a second side of the flood vent 8 (or vice versa).
The coupling of the sheet 92 to the flood vent 8 may be a removable coupling. This may allow the sheet 92 to be removed and replaced (e.g., when contaminants are visible in the flood vent 8). The removable coupling may also allow the sheet 92 to be removed prior to a flood event. For example, if a flood event is expected to occur, the sheet 92 may be removed (as is seen in
The sheet 92 may be removed at any time. For example, it may be removed after the panel 22 (or after the frame 10 and panel 22) is successfully installed in the flood vent 8. This may be beneficial in a residential setting, as the resident may not be concerned about possible contaminants. After installation, the sheet 92 may be removed. In particular embodiments, the sheet 92 may include a message (e.g., in large orange colored letters) that reminds the installer to remove the sheet 92 (e.g., “peel off or cut off protective cover to expose insulation barrier after installation”).
As another example, the sheet 92 may remain coupled to the flood vent 8 until a flood event is expected. Once this occurs, the sheet 92 may finally be removed. Such a configuration may be beneficial in a commercial setting, where contaminants may be a larger concern. In such a configuration, the sheet 92 may remain on the flood vent 8, continuing to prevent contaminants from entering the commercial structure through the flood vent 8 until a flood vent is expected. Then, the sheet 92 may be removed, so as to allow the flood vent 8 to equalize hydrostatic forces caused by, for example, flooding fluids. If the flooding fluids occur, the entire panel 22 and sheet 92 may be replaced (and the flood vent 8 may be cleaned). On the other hand, if the flooding fluids do not occur, a new sheet 92 may be coupled to the flood vent 8 again, so that it can prevent contaminants from entering the commercial structure through the flood vent 8. In particular embodiments, the sheet 92 may include a message (e.g., in large orange colored letters) that reminds a user to remove the sheet 92 (e.g., “peel off or cut off protective cover to expose insulation barrier prior to flood”).
In particular embodiments, the sheet 92 may also prevent the insulation pieces 70 from uncoupling from the panel 22 when the panel 22 and frame 10 are installed in the flood vent 8. For example, as is discussed above, the panel 22 may be pre-installed in (or pre-coupled to) the frame 10. In such an example, the sheet 92 may also be pre-installed on (or pre-coupled to) the frame 10. In such examples, the panel 22 may be sandwiched between the sheet 92 and a back portion of the frame 10. This sandwiching may prevent the insulation pieces 70 from uncoupling from the panel 22 until the sheet 92 is removed (e.g., after installation and/or prior to a flood event).
In particular embodiments, the sheet 92 may be cleanable. This may provide advantages in a situation where the sheet 92 is used to prevent contaminants from entering a structure. For example, at any time (e.g., at the end of a manufacturing cycle), cleaning products may be applied to the exposed side of the sheet 92. Then the sheet 92 may be wiped down with a sponge, cloth, or other material. This may allow the sheet 92 to be cleaned, thereby further decreasing the chance of contamination caused by the flood vent 8.
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vents 8 of
As another example, the flood vent 8 of
As is discussed above with regard to
The panel 22 may be any type of panel. For example, as is illustrated in
The panel 22 may include a plurality of insulation pieces 70 configured to be coupled together (or otherwise positioned together), so as to at least partially block the fluid passageway formed by the frame 10. An insulation piece 70 may be any type of object or piece that may be coupled together (or otherwise positioned together) with other objects or pieces in order to form a portion of the panel 22, and that may be configured to at least partially prevent fluids (such as water and/or air) from passing through the insulation piece 70. Further details regarding the insulation pieces 70 are discussed above with regard to
Also, as is discussed above with regard to
In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material. For example, the panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a paper cellulose material (e.g., recycled paper fibers). In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) and a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose), a wax (e.g., paraffin wax), and copper metaborate. For example, panel 22 may be formed from (or include) the product 440 Homasote manufactured by the Homasote Company. In a preferred example, and as is illustrated in
The panel 22 may further have a frame 84 (e.g., a panel frame). The frame 84 may be a portion of the panel 22 that surrounds the insulation pieces 70. In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be a portion of the panel 22 that does not uncouple from the panel 22. For example, although the insulation pieces 70 may be uncoupled from the panel 22, the frame 84 may remain a portion of the panel 22. In such an example, the insulation pieces 70 may uncouple from the frame 84 (and the panel 22) when the predetermined amount of the pressure is applied to the insulation pieces 70. In particular embodiments, all of the insulation pieces 70 may be uncoupled from the frame 84 of the panel 22, leaving an opening in the panel 22 having the shape of the frame 84. Further details regarding the frame 84 are discussed above with regard to
Also, as is discussed above with regard to
In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material. For example, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a paper cellulose material (e.g., recycled paper fibers). In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose) and a wax (e.g., paraffin wax). In particular embodiments, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose), a wax (e.g., paraffin wax), and copper metaborate. For example, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) the product 440 Homasote manufactured by the Homasote Company. In a preferred example, and as is illustrated in
Although the panel 22 may include insulation pieces 70 and a frame 84, the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from each other (and/or the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from the frame 84). For example, the panel 22 may not include any additional material or adhesive (or other connector) that is physically attached to two or more insulation pieces 70, or that is physically attached to an insulation piece 70 and the frame 84. Instead, each insulation piece 70 (and/or frame 84) may be a separate unit. In such examples, pressure (and/or friction and/or adhesion/cohesion of the material of the insulation pieces 70 and/or frame 84) may be used to couple the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84 together to form the panel 22, as is discussed below. The separation between each insulation piece 70 (and between each insulation piece 70 and the frame 84) may be formed in any manner.
As a first example, each insulation piece 70 (and the frame 84) may be formed individually, and then assembled together to form the panel 22. In such an example, each piece would remain separate from the other pieces.
As a second example, the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84 may be formed from a single solid piece of material (e.g., by stamping the solid piece, cutting-out portions of the solid piece, or any other means of removing material). As an example of this, a steel rule die may be used to stamp the solid-piece (such as a solid-piece of polyethylene foam or a solid piece made from (or including) a cellulose material (e.g., paper cellulose), a wax (e.g., paraffin wax), and copper metaborate) to create a panel 22 having the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84. Such stamping may cut entirely through the thickness (or other dimension) of the solid piece of material in order to form each individual insulation piece 70 (and/or the individual frame 84) in the panel 22 as separate pieces. These separate pieces may form the panel 22.
Similar to
To couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, the frame 84 may surround all of the insulation pieces 70, as is illustrated in
To couple the insulation pieces 70 together to form the panel 22, the frame 84 may also be formed from (or include) a material that has adhesion/cohesion properties. This adhesion/cohesion may cause the external surface(s) of the insulation pieces 70 (along the thickness 76) to cling (or stick) to the perimeter barrier formed by the frame 84. This may hold the insulation pieces 70 together within the frame 84, and may provide a resistance to movement of the insulation pieces 70. As an example of this, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) wax (e.g., paraffin wax), or any other material with adhesion/cohesion properties. The wax in the frame 84 may cling (or stick) to the external surface(s) of one or more of the insulation pieces 70, which may hold the insulation pieces 70 together within the frame 84 and may provide a resistance to movement of the insulation pieces 70. In such an example, the frame 84 may still be a separate unit from each of the insulation pieces 70 (e.g., the frame 84 may have been separated from each of the insulation pieces 70 by, for example, a steel rule die that cuts entirely through the thickness of a solid piece of material to form the frame 84 and insulation pieces 70 as separate units). Furthermore, in such an example, the adhesion/cohesion properties of the material in the separate frame 84 may couple the insulation pieces 70 to form the panel 22.
In other examples, the frame 84 may also be formed from (or include) a material that has a high frictional coefficient (e.g., kinetic frictional coefficient and/or static frictional coefficient). This high frictional coefficient may hold the insulation pieces 70 together, and may provide a resistance to movement of the insulation pieces 70.
The frame 84 may be further configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, as is discussed above, the frame 84 may apply pressure to the external surface(s) of the insulation pieces 70 (along the thickness 76), squeezing them together, in some examples. The amount of pressure applied by the frame 84 may be configured to be overcome by at least a predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). This pressure applied by the fluid (for example) may be applied in a direction that is orthogonal (or generally orthogonal) to the pressure applied by the frame 84. Once this predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by the fluid (for example), one or more of the insulation pieces 70 may be pushed out of their position in the frame 84, causing the insulation piece(s) 70 to completely uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or uncouple from the remaining insulation pieces 70), and further causing the insulation piece(s) 70 to be carried away from the flood vent 8. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced). An example of the uncoupling of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 is illustrated in
As another example, and as is discussed above, the frame 84 may be formed from (or include) a material that has adhesion/cohesion properties (or that has a high fractional coefficient), which may hold the insulation pieces 70 together within the frame 84 and may provide a resistance to movement of the insulation pieces 70. The amount of adhesion/cohesion (or friction) may be configured to be overcome by at least a predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). Once this predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22 by the fluid (for example), one or more of the insulation pieces 70 may be pushed out of their position in the frame 84, causing the insulation piece(s) 70 to completely uncouple from the panel 22 (and/or uncouple from the remaining insulation pieces 70), and further causing the insulation piece(s) 70 to be carried away from the flood vent 8. As such, in particular embodiments, the flood vent 8 may no longer prevent objects and/or fluids from passing through the opening 18 in the structure 17 (or the amount of blockage of the fluid passageway provided by the panel 22 may be reduced). An example of the uncoupling of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 is illustrated in
As is discussed above, the amount of pressure applied by the frame 84 to the insulation pieces and/or the amount of adhesion/cohesion (or friction) of the frame 84 may be configured to be overcome by at least a predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). As an example of this, the amount of pressure applied by the frame 84 to the insulation pieces 70 may be increased, in some examples, so as to cause the amount of pressure (applied by a fluid, for example) needed to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel to also increase (or vice versa). As another example, the amount of adhesion/cohesion (or friction) of the frame 84 may be increased (e.g., by using a material with higher adhesion/cohesion properties or with a higher coefficient of friction), in some examples, so as to cause the amount of pressure (applied by a fluid, for example) needed to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel to also increase (or vice versa).
As is discussed above, the frame 84 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, a predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the predetermined amount of pressure may refer to the lowest amount of pressure (or approximately the lowest amount of pressure) that would cause the panel 22 to prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As an example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be 0.5 PSI, 1 PSI, 1.5 PSI, 2 PSI, 2.5 PSI, 3 PSI, 3.5 PSI, 4 PSI, 4.5 PSI, 5 PSI, 6 PSI, 7 PSI, 10 PSI, approximately 0.5 PSI (i.e., 0.5 PSI+/−0.2 PSI), approximately 1 PSI, approximately 1.5 PSI, approximately 2 PSI, approximately 2.5 PSI, approximately 3 PSI, approximately 3.5 PSI, approximately 4 PSI, approximately 4.5 PSI, approximately 5 PSI, approximately 6 PSI, approximately 7 PSI, approximately 10 PSI, or any other amount of pressure that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. As a further example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be a pressure range of 0.5 PSI-7 PSI, 0.5-5.0 PSI, 0.5-4.0 PSI, 0.5-3.0 PSI, 1.0-7.0 PSI, 1.0-5.0 PSI, 1.0-4.0 PSI, 1.0-3.0 PSI, 1.5-7.0 PSI, 1.5-5.0 PSI, 1.5-4.0 PSI, 1.5-3.0 PSI, 2.0-7.0 PSI, 2.0-5.0 PSI, 2.0-4.0 PSI, 2.0-3.0 PSI, or any other pressure range that may prevent the equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid (such as flooding water) attempting to flow through the flood vent 8. In some examples, the predetermined amount of pressure may be any pressure or pressure range that may prevent the interior of the structure 17 from having a water depth that is different from the water depth in the exterior of the structure 17 by more than 1 foot, more than 10 inches, more than 8 inches, more than 6 inches, more than 4 inches, more than 2 inches, or any other amount in-between more than 1 inch and more than 1 foot, during base flood conditions.
The predetermined amount of pressure may be the lowest pressure at which the frame 84 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. For example, if an amount of pressure below the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22, the frame 84 may not uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22. On the other hand, if an amount of pressure equal to the predetermined amount of pressure (or above the predetermined amount of pressure) is applied to the panel 22, the frame 84 may uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22.
The frame 84 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any portion of the panel 22. For example, the frame 84 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22, a top portion of the panel 22, a left and/or right side portion of the panel 22, any other portion of the panel 22, or any combination of the preceding. Furthermore, the one or more insulation pieces 70 uncoupled from the panel 22 may be associated with the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to a bottom portion of the panel 22, the one or more insulation pieces 70 uncoupled from the panel 22 may be insulation pieces 70 that were located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22. Furthermore, in such an example, the insulation pieces 70 not located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22 may not be uncoupled from the panel 22. Instead, the insulation pieces 70 not located in (and/or near) the bottom portion of the panel 22 may remain coupled to the panel 22 (and/or the remaining insulation pieces 70 in the panel 22) until the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the portion of the panel 22 in which those insulation pieces 70 are located (and/or near where those insulation pieces 70 are located). Alternatively, in particular embodiments, once one or more insulation pieces 70 are uncoupled from the panel 22, the uncoupling may create a cascading effect that may uncouple all or a substantial portion (i.e., 90%) of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22.
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the frame 84 to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may change based on (or be a function of) the portion of the panel 22 to which the predetermined amount of pressure is applied. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be greater if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the bottom portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a less amount of flooding fluids, for example) than if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the top portion of the panel 22 (which may be indicative of a greater amount of flooding fluids, for example).
The predetermined amount of pressure for causing the frame 84 to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may change based on (or be a function of) the type of panel 22 included in the flood vent 8. For example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel without any openings 26 (or with openings that may be closed, using louvers, for example) than if the panel includes openings 26 that may not be closed. In such an example, a panel 22 without openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 without openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with openings 26). As another example, the predetermined amount of pressure may be less if the panel 22 is a panel 22 with less openings 26 (and/or with smaller openings 26) than if the panel 22 includes more openings 26 (and/or has bigger openings 26). In such an example, a panel 22 with less openings 26 (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26) may more easily (or quickly) prevent equalization of interior and exterior hydrostatic forces caused by a fluid, and therefore it may be advantageous to uncouple the panel 22 with less openings 26 at a lower amount of pressure (when compared to a panel 22 with more openings 26).
The frame 84 may be configured to uncouple the one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to any side of the panel 22. For example, the frame 84 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24b of the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the interior of the structure 17), thereby causing the one or more insulation pieces 70 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 and be carried by the fluids, for example, outside of the structure 17. In particular embodiments, this may cause the one or more insulation pieces 70 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 when flooding fluids, for example, enter the flood vent 8 from inside the structure 17. As another example, the frame 10 may be configured to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 if the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to side 24a the panel 22 (e.g., the side of the panel 22 facing the exterior of the structure 17), thereby causing the one or more insulation pieces 70 to be uncoupled from the flood vent 8 and be carried by the fluids, for example, inside of the structure 17 (e.g., as is seen in
In particular embodiments, the frame 84's ability to uncouple one or more of the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 may be assisted by the insulation pieces 70, themselves. For example, as is discussed above, the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from each other (and/or the insulation pieces 70 may each be separated from the frame 84). This separation configuration may assist in uncoupling the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22 when, for example, the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. For example, this separation may prevent the fluid (such as flooding water) from also having to break an additional or external physical connection between two or more of the insulation pieces 70 (e.g., an additional or external physical connection caused by a separate adhesive applied to two or more of the separated insulation pieces 70, an additional or external physical connection caused by a separate connector connected to two or more of the separated insulation pieces 70). This may lower the amount of pressure required to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel, in particular embodiments. As such, the separation between the insulation pieces 70 (and/or the frame 84) may be one example of the insulation pieces 70 being configured to uncouple from the panel 22 when, for example, the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
As another example, the insulation pieces 70 may each be formed from (or include) a material that has adhesion/cohesion properties (or that has a high frictional coefficient). This adhesion/cohesion (or friction) may cause the external surface(s) of the insulation pieces 70 (along the thickness 76) to cling (or stick) to the perimeter barrier formed by the frame 84 and/or to other adjacent insulation pieces 70. This may hold the insulation pieces 70 together within the frame 84, and may provide a resistance to movement of the insulation pieces 70. As an example of this, the insulation pieces 70 may be formed from (or include) wax (e.g., paraffin wax), or any other material with adhesion/cohesion properties. The wax in the insulation pieces 70 may cling (or stick) to the frame 84 (which may also be formed from wax) and/or to one or more adjacent insulation pieces 70, which may hold the insulation pieces 70 together within the frame 84 and may provide a resistance to movement of the insulation pieces 70. In such an example, each of the insulation pieces 70 may be a separate unit from each of the other insulation pieces 70 and/or the frame 84 (e.g., each of the insulation pieces 70 and/or the frame 84 have been separated from each other via, for example, a steel rule die that cuts entirely through the thickness of a solid piece of material to form the frame 84 and insulation pieces 70 as separate units).
The amount of adhesion/cohesion (or friction) of the insulation pieces 70 may be configured to be overcome by at least a predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). For example, the amount of adhesion/cohesion (or friction) of the insulation pieces 70 may be increased (e.g., by using a material with higher adhesion/cohesion properties or with a higher coefficient of friction), in some examples, so as to cause the amount of pressure (applied by a fluid, for example) needed to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel to also increase (or vice versa). As such, the amount of adhesion/cohesion (or friction) in the material of the insulation pieces 70 may be changed (e.g., increased, decreased) so as to change the amount of pressure required to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22, in particular embodiments. As such, the adhesion/cohesion properties (or friction) of the material of the insulation pieces 70 may be another example of the insulation pieces 70 being configured to uncouple from the panel 22 when, for example, the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. Other examples may include the size of the insulation pieces 70, the arrangement of the insulation pieces 70, any other feature of the insulation pieces 70, or any combination of the preceding.
As another example, the insulation pieces 70 and/or the frame 84 of the panel 22 may include an adhesive. This adhesive may be another example of the insulation pieces 70 and/or the frame 84 being configured to uncouple from the panel 22 when, for example, the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22. In such an example, the adhesive (e.g., an acrylic latex paint such as, for example, Sherwin Williams Product No. 772911 interior satin, high reflective white, 100% acrylic latex paint, any other paint, or any other adhesive) may be added to a side (e.g., side 24b, which may face the interior of the structure 17) of a solid-piece of material (e.g., a solid-piece of polyethylene foam, a solid-piece of a material formed from (or including) a cellulose, a wax, and copper metaborate). Then a steel rule die may be used to stamp the solid-piece to create a panel 22 having the insulation pieces 70 and frame 84 as separate units. Such stamping may cut entirely through the thickness (or other dimension) of the solid piece of material (and the adhesive) in order to form each individual insulation piece 70 (and/or the individual frame 84) in the panel 22 as separate pieces. Furthermore, because insulation pieces 70 and/or frame 84 may be separated from each other (e.g., using the steel die) after the adhesive has already been applied, the adhesive may not prevent the insulation pieces 70 and/or frame 84 from being separate units. Instead, the act of separation (e.g., using the steel die) may also cut entirely through the thickness of the adhesive, which may cause each insulation piece 70 (with adhesive) to be a separate unit from the other insulation pieces (also with adhesive) and/or the frame 84 (also with adhesive).
In such an example, the adhesive applied on a side of the panel 22 (e.g., on side 24b, which may face the interior of the structure 17) may have adhesion/cohesion properties that may hold the insulation pieces 70 together within the frame 84, and may provide a resistance to movement of the insulation pieces 70. The amount of adhesion/cohesion (or friction) of the adhesive included on the separate insulation pieces 70 and/or separate frame 84 may be configured to be overcome by at least a predetermined amount of pressure applied to the panel 22 by, for example, a fluid (such as flooding water). For example, the amount of adhesion/cohesion of the adhesive included on the separate insulation pieces 70 and/or separate frame 84 may be increased (e.g., by using a more adhesive paint), in some examples, so as to cause the amount of pressure (applied by a fluid, for example) needed to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel to also increase (or vice versa). As such, the amount of adhesion/cohesion of the adhesive included on the separate insulation pieces 70 and/or separate frame 84 may be changed (e.g., increased, decreased) so as to change the amount of pressure required to uncouple the insulation pieces 70 from the panel 22, in particular embodiments. As such, the adhesion/cohesion properties of the adhesive may be another example of the insulation pieces 70 (and/or the frame 84) being configured to uncouple from the panel 22 when, for example, the predetermined amount of pressure is applied to the panel 22.
As is discussed above, the flood vent 8 includes the frame 10. The frame 10 may further be configured to couple the panel 22 to the frame 10. For example, the frame 10 may include an internal holding space 96. The internal holding space 96 may be any space inside of (or attached to) the frame 10 into which all (or a portion) of the panel 22 may be positioned. As such, the internal holding space 96 may hold the panel 22 in the frame 10 when the panel 22 is positioned in the internal holding space 96. The internal holding space 96 may have any size and/or shape that allows all (or a portion) of the panel 22 to fit within the internal holding space 96. To couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, an adhesive (such as glue, cement, and/or Lexel®) may be applied to portions of the internal holding space 96 and/or the panel 22, and then the panel 22 may be positioned inside the internal holding space 96. Alternatively (or additionally), the panel 22 may be coupled to the frame 10 using one or more pins that may be inserted or snapped into one or more channels or hooks in the frame 10, coupled to the frame 10 using one or more rivets, nails, and/or any other connector, coupled to the structure 17 (and thus the frame 10) using one or more rivets, nails, and/or any other connector, coupled to the frame 10 using one or more coupling elements 116 (as is discussed above with regard to
To couple the panel 22 to the frame 10, the panel 22 may be positioned in the frame 10 (e.g., positioned in the internal holding space 96 of the frame 10). The panel 22 may be positioned in the frame 10 (and/or the internal holding space 96) in any manner. As an example, the panel 22 may be picked up, oriented to fit within the internal holding space 96, and pushed into the internal holding space 96. In such an example, the back edges of the internal holding space 96 may prevent the panel 22 from being pushed entirely through the frame 10. Instead, the panel 22 may rest against these portions of the frame 10 when the panel 22 is fully positioned within the frame 10. When the frame 10 includes the coupling elements 116, the act of pushing the panel 22 into the internal holding space 96 may cause the coupling elements 116 to slide into or pierce the material of the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the act of picking up the panel 22 may be complicated by the separation between the insulation pieces 70 (and/or frame 84), discussed above. To deal with this, a person picking up the panel 22 may apply pressure to the top edge, bottom edge, and/or side edges of the frame 84 of the panel 22, in particular embodiments. This pressure may prevent the insulation pieces 70 from uncoupling from the panel 22 when the panel 22 is being picked up. In particular embodiments, the panel 22 may further include an adhesive sheet coupled to the frame 84 and the insulation pieces 70. This adhesive sheet may prevent the insulation pieces 70 from uncoupling from the panel 22 during the installation process. After the panel 22 is installed in the frame 10, the adhesive sheet may be removed from the panel 22. In particular embodiments, the adhesive sheet may include a message (e.g., in large orange colored letters) that reminds the installer to remove the adhesive sheet (e.g., “peel off or cut off protective cover to expose insulation barrier after installation”).
In particular embodiments, the panel 22 may be pre-installed in (or pre-coupled to) the frame 10. For example, the panel 22 may be pre-installed in the frame 10 by the manufacturer or seller of the panel 22 or the frame 10. This pre-installation of the panel 22 may prevent the insulation pieces 70 from uncoupling from the panel 22 when the panel 22 and frame 10 are installed in the flood vent 8.
Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vent 8 of
Furthermore, modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the flood vents 8 of
As another example, the disclosure of each of
This specification has been written with reference to various non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments or examples. However, it will be recognized by persons having ordinary skill in the art that various substitutions, modifications, or combinations of any of the disclosed embodiments or examples (or portions thereof) may be made within the scope of this specification. Thus, it is contemplated and understood that this specification supports additional embodiments or examples not expressly set forth in this specification. Such embodiments or examples may be obtained, for example, by combining, modifying, or reorganizing any of the disclosed steps, components, elements, features, aspects, characteristics, limitations, and the like, of the various non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments or examples described in this specification.
This application is a continuation application that claims the benefit of the filing date under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/269,448, filed on Feb. 6, 2019, which is a continuation-in part application that claims the benefit of the filing date under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/686,809, filed on Aug. 25, 2017, which is a continuation-in part application that claims the benefit of the filing date under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/583,284, filed on May 1, 2017 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,017,937, which is a continuation application that claims the benefit of the filing date under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/965,360, filed on Dec. 10, 2015 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,637,912, the entirety of all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20200240134 A1 | Jul 2020 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16269448 | Feb 2019 | US |
| Child | 16846781 | US | |
| Parent | 14965360 | Dec 2015 | US |
| Child | 15583284 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15686809 | Aug 2017 | US |
| Child | 16269448 | US | |
| Parent | 15583284 | May 2017 | US |
| Child | 15686809 | US |
