Patent Application
20130312513
The present invention relates to a flow meter device which is capable of determining a gas instrument in use. Particularly, the present invention relates to a flow meter device (gas meter) which is capable of determining whether or not the gas instrument in use is a fuel cell.
As a flow meter device for measuring a flow (flow rate) of a gas, there is conventionally known a flow meter device which has a function of determining a kind of a gas instrument which uses a gas. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a flow meter device for determining a gas instrument having been stopped, based on two information which are information indicating start of the use of the gas instrument, and flow (flow rate) information.
Specifically, it is determined whether or not (the use of) the gas instrument has been started and it is determined whether or not (the use of) the gas instrument has been stopped, based on a desired specified time interval difference flow found from instantaneous flows measured at predetermined time intervals. In particular, it is determined whether or not (the use of) the gas instrument has been stopped, based on a stop determination condition from among gas instruments determined as those having been started. The predetermined time intervals in the determination as to the gas instrument having been started and the determination as to the gas instrument having been stopped are 2-second intervals. The specified time intervals for calculation of the difference flow are 4 seconds which are twice as long as the predetermined time intervals.
Patent Literature 2 discloses a gas meter device in which a difference value between instantaneous flows is calculated, a change amount of the difference value is compared to a pre-registered change determination value, a change in a use state of a gas instrument is determined, and further the gas instrument is determined.
Specifically, the gas flow is measured at 2-second intervals, difference data of gas flows at every 2 seconds is output, and it is determined that a state change in the gas instrument has occurred when the difference data exceeds the change determination value. If it is determined that the state change in the gas instrument has occurred, then this state change is compared to state change values of respective gas instruments which are pre-registered, to determine the gas instrument and a state of the gas instrument. The time interval at which the difference of the flows is calculated is changeable as desired. For example, it is disclosed that the time interval may be changed into an integral multiple of a shortest measurement time interval (2 seconds).
Fuel cells have been put into practical use in large-scaled or medium-scaled power generation equipment. In recent years, development of a fuel cell for household use progresses, and such a fuel cell has been available commercially. Hydrogen is required in power generation in the fuel cell. In the fuel cell for household use, a hydrocarbon-based gas (city gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LP gas), etc.) supplied to customer home is used as a hydrogen supply source. The fuel cell for household use may be regarded as “gas instrument” because it uses the gas.
However, in the conventional configuration for determining the gas instrument, misdetermination as to the fuel cell and another gas instrument may occur if the gas instrument is determined based on a flow change for a short time.
The present invention has been made to solve the above described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a flow meter device which is capable of accurately determining a gas instrument in use even when the gas instrument in use is a fuel cell.
To achieve the above described object, according to the present invention, there is provided a flow meter device for measuring flows of a gas flowing into a plurality of gas instruments including a fuel cell, comprising: a fluid passage in which the gas flows; a flow measuring section for measuring a gas flow in the fluid passage; a determination flow data storage section for storing time series set data of the gas flow as determination flow data, for respective kinds of the plurality of gas instruments; and a gas instrument determiner section which compares the time series set data of actual measurement values of the gas flow measured by the flow measuring section to the determination flow data stored in determination flow data storage section, to determine a kind of the gas instrument in use; wherein a first determination operation period which is a period from a time point when inflowing of the gas starts until a predetermined time lapses, and a second determination operation period which is a period which ends after the first determination operation period ends are set as periods in which the gas instrument determiner section is allowed to perform a determination operation; and wherein the gas instrument determiner section determines the gas instrument using a result of the determination in the first determination operation period and a result of the determination in the second determination operation period.
It is configured such that the second determination operation period is set to start in a period after the first determination operation period starts and before the first determination operation period ends.
It is configured such that when the result of the determination in the first determination operation period is such that the gas instrument in use is not the fuel cell and the result of the determination in the second determination operation period is such that the gas instrument in use is the fuel cell, it is determined that the fuel cell is in use.
The flow measuring section may be configured to measure the gas flow at preset constant measurement time intervals; and the gas instrument determiner section may be configured to determine the gas instrument using the actual measurement value measured at each of the preset constant measurement time intervals in the first determination operation period; and the gas instrument determiner section may be configured to determine the gas instrument using the actual measurement value extracted from actual measurement values respectively measured at plural preset constant measurement time intervals, with a frequency which is once in every plural preset constant measurement time intervals in the second determination operation period.
The flow measuring section may be configured to measure the gas flow at first measurement time intervals in the first determination operation period; and the flow measuring section may be configured to measure the gas flow at second measurement time intervals in the second determination operation period.
The determination flow data stored in the determination flow data storage section may include time series set data of difference flows for respective kinds of the plurality of gas instruments; and the gas instrument determiner section may be configured to perform the determination operation in such a manner that the gas instrument determiner section compares a difference value between two gas flows measured continuously by the flow measuring section, to the determination flow data stored in the determination flow data storage section, the difference value being used as the actual measurement value.
The determination flow data stored in the determination flow data storage section may include time series set data of difference flows for respective kinds of the plurality of gas instruments; and the gas instrument determiner section may be configured to perform the determination operation in such a manner that the gas instrument determiner section compares a difference value calculated from instantaneous flows measured by the flow measuring section at times which are apart by a time interval which is an integral multiple of the preset constant measurement time interval, to the determination flow data stored in the determination flow data storage section, the difference value being used as the actual measurement value.
The above and further objects and features of the invention will more fully be apparent from the following detailed description with accompanying drawings.
As described above, in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to achieve advantages that a flow meter device is capable of more accurately determining a gas instrument in use even when the gas instrument in use is the fuel cell.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described reference to the drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same or corresponding components are identified by the same reference numerals and will not be descried in repetition.
[Configuration of Flow Meter Device]
First of all, an example of a configuration of a flow meter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and an example of a utilization state (form) of the flow meter device will be specifically described with reference to
The gas supply source 31 is connected to a raw material gas source (e.g., infrastructure of city gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LP gas), etc.), and supplies a hydrocarbon-based gas (e.g., natural gas containing methane as a major component, LP gas containing propane as a major component) to the gas supply line 32 and the gas instrument 20, according to a demand. As the gas supply line 32, a known gas pipe is used, but a known path other than the gas pipe may be used. Although not shown in
As the gas instrument 20, for example, a fuel cell 21, a fan heater 22, and a gas table 23 are illustrated. A specific configuration of the fuel cell 21 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, for example, the configuration of the fuel cell 21 may be such that a fuel cell stack, a desulfurization device, a raw material supply device, an oxidizing gas supply device, a reformer, a heat supply device, lines connecting these components, valves provided on the lines, etc., which is a known configuration.
The fuel cell stack is a stack of a plurality of power generation cells. A specific kind of each power generation cell is not particularly limited, and there are a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (power generation cell), a solid oxide fuel cell, a phosphorous acid fuel cell, a molten carbonate fuel cell, etc., which are known fuel cells. Specific configurations of the desulfurization device, the raw material supply device, the oxidizing gas supply device, the reformer, the heat supply device, the lines and the valves are not particularly limited, and known components may be suitably used.
Activation of the gas instrument 20 is assumed as follows. A cooking instrument is activated only at the time of cooking, and its use time is relatively short. A heating appliance is activated for a time period when an interior of a room is warmed, and its use time is relatively long. The fuel cell 21 is always activated for power generation.
The flow meter device 10 is provided on the gas supply line 32 to measure flows (flow rates) of a gas flowing into the plurality of gas instruments 20 including the fuel cell 21. The flow meter device 10 includes a flow measuring section 11, a gas instrument determiner section 12, and a determination flow data storage section 13. The flow measuring section 11 measures a gas flow in a fluid passage 33 in which the gas flows. A specific configuration of the flow measuring section 11 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, as the flow measuring section 11, an ultrasonic flow meter unit for measuring a flow of a fluid such as a gas using an ultrasonic wave is used.
As a typical example of the ultrasonic flow meter unit, there is an ultrasonic flow meter unit which utilizes a propagation time difference method. In the propagation time difference method, ultrasonic transmitters/receivers are provided at an upstream side and a downstream side of the fluid passage 33 for which a flow is to be measured, and an ultrasonic wave is transmitted and received alternately between them. Based on a difference between forward propagation time and reverse propagation time, a flow velocity of the fluid is measured, and the flow of the fluid is measured by utilizing the flow velocity and a cross-sectional area of the fluid passage 33. The fluid passage 33 is a portion of the flow meter device 10, and is connected to the gas supply line 32, although this is schematically shown in
A specific configuration of the ultrasonic flow meter unit utilizing the propagation time difference method and a specific configuration of the fluid passage 33 are not particularly limited, and known configurations may be suitably used. As the flow measuring section 11, an electronic flow meter unit such as a flow sensor may be used, instead of the ultrasonic flow meter unit, but it is not particularly limited.
The gas instrument determiner section 12 determines the kind of the gas instrument 20 in use, from among the gas instruments 20 connected to the gas supply line 32. In the present embodiment, as will be described later, specifically, the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines the gas instrument 20 by comparing actual measurement values of gas flows obtained in two kinds of determination operation periods, to determination flow data pre-stored. The gas instrument determiner section 12 may perform an operation for addressing a leakage of the gas, as necessary, after it determines the kind of the gas instrument 20.
The determination flow data storage section 13 contains the determination flow data of at least the fuel cell 21 among the plurality of gas instruments 20 for each of the first determination operation period and the second determination operation period. Note that the determination flow data storage section 13 may contain the determination flow data about the gas instrument 20 (fan heater 22, gas table 23, etc.) other than the fuel cell 21, as a matter of course.
In the flow meter device 10, the flow measuring section 11 measures a gas flow, and the gas instrument determiner section 12 obtains an actual measurement value of the gas flow. The determination flow data storage section 13 contains the determination flow data set for respective kinds of the gas instruments 20. The gas instrument determiner section 12 compares the obtained actual measurement value to the determination flow data stored in the determination flow data storage section 13, to determine the kind of the gas instrument 20 in use. The determination flow data will be described in detail later.
A specific configuration of the gas instrument determiner section 12 and a specific configuration of the determination flow data storage section 13 are not particularly limited, and known configurations may be suitably used. Specifically, for example, the gas instrument determiner section 12 may be a functional configuration (configuration implemented by an operation of the processor according to a program stored in a storage section (not shown)) of a processor (not shown in
The flow meter device 10 may include constituents other than the flow measuring section 11, the gas instrument determiner section 12, and the determination flow data storage section 13. For example, as these constituents, there are a control section including the processor, a display section, a storage section other than the determination flow data storage section 13, a time measuring section, a notification section, a gas shut-off section, etc., which are merely exemplary.
[Determination Flow Data]
Next, the determination flow data used in the flow meter device 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to
The actual measurement value of the gas flow used in the gas instrument determiner section 12 is not particularly limited. Typically, as the actual measurement value of the gas flow, there is an instantaneous flow measured by the flow measuring section 11. Instead of the instantaneous flow, a difference value between instantaneous flows derived by calculating two continuous measurement values may be used. The gas instrument determiner section 12 compares the instantaneous flow or the difference value to the determination flow data, to perform a determination operation of the gas instrument 20. Therefore, the determination flow data is also the instantaneous flow or the difference value. More specifically, the determination flow data is stored in the determination flow data storage section 13 as time series set data.
This will be described specifically with reference to
In the case where the flow measuring section 11 is configured to measure the instantaneous flow at predetermined measurement time intervals T, time series set data 41 is obtained by accumulating the instantaneous flows. Therefore, the determination flow data may be configured as the time series set data 41 (q1˜q4) of the instantaneous flows or time series data 42 (Q1, Q2) of the instantaneous flows, for respective kinds of the gas instruments 20. Furthermore, the determination flow data may be a difference value (e.g., q2−q1) between two continuous instantaneous flows instead of one instantaneous flow, or a combination of the instantaneous flow and the difference value.
The first determination operation period may be set to a desired time length. As the first determination operation period, a time period from a time point when the gas flow changes until a time point when the gas flow is stabilized may be set.
The second determination operation period may be set as a period which ends after the first determination operation period ends, or may be set as a period which starts just after the first determination operation period ends. Or, the first determination operation period and the second determination operation period may be set as concurrent periods which start at a time point when inflowing of the gas starts. The second determination operation period may be set to end at a time point when power generation of the fuel cell 21 ends.
The gas flow at a time point when the gas instrument 20 is started-up (activated), as in the example of
To avoid this, in the present embodiment, in addition to a result of determination in the first determination operation period, a result of determination in the second determination operation period is used. Since the second determination operation period is a period which ends after the first determination operation period ends, a flow waveform of the fuel cell 21 can be detected in this period. Thus, it can be detected that the fuel cell 21 is in use in the determination performed in the second determination operation period, even if it cannot be detected that the fuel cell 21 is in use in the determination performed in the first determination operation period. This makes it possible to determine the gas instrument more accurately.
In a case where the second determination operation period overlaps with the first determination operation period, it need not be set to start at the same time that the first determination operation period starts. In other words, the second determination operation period may be set to start in a period after the first determination operation period starts and before the first determination operation period ends. For example, as schematically shown in
The gas instrument determiner section 12 may obtain the actual measurement value (instantaneous flow, difference value, etc.) at first measurement time intervals T, in the first determination operation period and obtain the actual measurement value at second measurement time intervals, in the second determination operation period. The flow measuring section 11 may measure the flow at measurement time intervals which are made different between the first determination operation period and the second determination operation period.
For example, as schematically shown in
Or, as schematically shown in
Although in the examples of
As specific examples based on the actual measurement values, regarding the first determination operation period and the second determination operation period schematically shown in
[Determination of Gas Instrument]
Next, the determination of the gas instrument 20, which is performed by the flow meter device 10 having the above configuration, will be described with reference to
The flow measuring section 11 of the flow meter device 10 measures the actual measurement value of the gas flow at the first measurement time intervals T. When the inflowing of the gas is confirmed, as shown in
Then, the gas instrument determiner section 12 compares the determination flow data to the actual measurement value to determine whether or not there is a possibility that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 (step S103). The determination flow data at this time may be stored, for example, as an allowable range of the instantaneous flow F (or difference value) for a time period from a time when inflowing of the gas starts. If the measured instantaneous flow F falls within this range, the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines that there is a possibility that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21, whereas if the measured instantaneous flow F does not fall within this allowable range, the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines that there is no possibility that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21.
If it is determined that there is no possibility that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 (NO in step S103), the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines that the gas instrument 20 in use is a general gas instrument, and further determines what the gas instrument 20 in use is like (e.g., fan heater 22 or the gas table 23, etc.) (step S104). The determination flow data read from the determination flow data storage section 13 at this time is data of the gas instrument 20 other than the fuel cell 21.
At a time point when the gas instrument 20 in use is determined specifically, the gas instrument determiner section 12 ceases (stops, discontinues) the determination operation in the second determination operation period (step S105). As described above, since the second determination operation period is the determination operation period set to perform determination as to the fuel cell 21, the gas instrument determiner section 12 need not perform the determination operation in the second determination operation period, if the gas instrument 20 in use is the general gas instrument. After the gas instrument determiner section 12 ceases the determination operation in the second determination operation period, it may continue the determination control (return to step S101) or terminate the determination control (not shown in
If it is determined that there is a possibility that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 (YES in step S103), the gas instrument determiner section 12 shifts from the first determination operation period to the second determination operation period, and obtains the actual measurement value of the gas flow at the second measurement time intervals R (step S106). At this time, as shown in
Then, the gas instrument determiner section 12 compares the obtained actual measurement value to the determination flow data stored in the determination flow data storage section 13 (step S107). The determination flow data read from the determination flow data storage section 13 at this time is data of the fuel cell 21 in the second determination operation period. Then, the result of the above comparison, the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines whether or not the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 (step S108).
The determination flow data at this time may be stored as an allowable range of the instantaneous flow F (or difference value) for a time period from a time when inflowing of the gas starts, as in the determination in the first determination operation period. If it is determined that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 (YES in step S108), the gas instrument determiner section 12 may continue the determination control (return to step S101) or terminate the determination control (not shown in
On the other hand, if it is determined that the gas instrument 20 in use is not the fuel cell 21 (NO in step S108), the fuel cell 21 is not activated but the gas flow different from that of the general gas instrument 20 is detected. Therefore, a predetermined operation for addressing this problem is performed (step 109), and the determination control is terminated. As a typical operation for addressing this problem, there is an operation for addressing a leakage of the gas. That is, if the gas flow is detected in a state in which the general gas instrument 20 and the fuel cell 21 are not in use, then it is estimated that there is a leakage of the gas. Therefore, a notification section (not shown in
Another example of the determination control will be described. As shown in
Then, the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines what the gas instrument 20 in use is like, including the fuel cell 21 (e.g., fuel cell 21, fan heater 22 or the gas table 23, etc.) (step S203). Then, the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines whether or not the determined gas instrument 20 is the general gas instrument 20 (step S204). If it is determined that the determined gas instrument 20 is the general gas instrument 20 (YES in step S204, e.g., fan heater 22 or gas table 23), the gas instrument determiner section 12 ceases (stops, discontinues) a determination operation in the second determination operation period (step S205). After that, the gas instrument determiner section 12 may continue the determination control (return to step S201) or terminate the determination control (not shown in
On the other hand, if it is determined that the determined gas instrument 20 is not the general gas instrument 20 (NO in step S204), there is a possibility that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21. Therefore, the gas instrument determiner section 12 shifts from the first determination operation period to the second determination operation period, and obtains the actual measurement value of the gas flow at the second measurement time intervals R (step S206). Then, the gas instrument determiner section 12 compares the obtained actual measurement value to the determination flow data stored in the determination flow data storage section 13 (step S207). The determination flow data read from the determination flow data storage section 13 at this time is data of the fuel cell 21 in the second determination operation period.
Then, the gas instrument determiner section 12 determines whether or not the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 (step S208). If it is determined that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 (YES in step S208), the gas instrument determiner section 12 may continue the determination control (return to step S201) or terminate the determination control (not shown in
As described above, in the determination control of the gas instrument 20 of
In the determination control performed in the first determination operation period and the determination control performed in the second determination operation period, the determination as to another gas instrument 20 is allowed to proceed concurrently in the first determination operation period. Therefore, if it is decidedly determined that the gas instrument 20 in use is the gas instrument 20 other than the fuel cell 21, in the first determination operation period, the determination operation in the second determination operation period may be ceased. If it is determined that there is a possibility that the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21, in the first determination operation period, it is determined again whether or not the gas instrument 20 in use is the fuel cell 21 in the second determination operation period. Thus, the determination as to the fuel cell 21, which is difficult to determine normally, is performed twice. Therefore, the determination as to the fuel cell 21 can be performed with a higher accuracy.
In addition, many improvements and other embodiments of the present invention are apparent for those having ordinary skills in the art based on the above-described descriptions. Therefore, the above-described description should be construed as illustrations only, and to be presented for the purpose of teaching the best mode for conducting the present invention by a person having ordinary skills in the art. Therefore, details of the structures and/or functions may be substantially modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and can be changed in various ways within a scope recited in claims, and embodiments derived by suitably combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments or plural modified examples are included in a technical scope of the present invention.
The present invention is widely suitably used in fields of a flow meter device having a function for determining a gas instrument in use as well as measurement of a gas flow. Particularly, the present invention can be suitably used in an environment including a fuel cell as a gas instrument.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011-023286 | Feb 2011 | JP | national |
| 2011-050532 | Mar 2011 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/000573 | 1/30/2012 | WO | 00 | 8/1/2013 |
