Patent Application
20140212334
This application claims the benefit of the filing date of European Patent Application No. 11179621.5 filed Aug. 31, 2011, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
The invention relates to a fluid cartridge.
Moreover, the invention relates to a method of operating a fluid cartridge.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a dispension device.
Moreover, the invention relates to a method of operating a dispension device.
Beyond this, the invention relates to an arrangement.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of use.
For wellness, human medical and veterinary applications, it may be necessary to dispense materials such as physiologically active fluids.
WO 2009/087053 discloses a method and a device for atomizing at least one fluid, in particular for producing a therapeutically effective aerosol in a treatment room, wherein a fluid to be atomized is supplied with pressurized medium and is discharged into the treatment room through a nozzle in the form of small particles at a flow rate in the region of 50 to 300 m/s. The device comprises at least one aerosol generator for discharging an aerosol, wherein the aerosol generator supplies a fluid to be atomized with pressurized medium and discharges it at a flow rate in the region of 50 to 300 m/s through at least one outlet opening in the form of small particles into a treatment room.
WO 2011/082838 discloses a method and a device for generating a nanoaerosol, wherein at least one fluid to be atomized is atomized in a nozzle via a nozzle opening of the nozzle along an outlet direction in the form of fluid particles, the atomized fluid particles are diverted from the outlet direction and larger fluid particles are at least partially separated from smaller fluid particles, the separated larger fluid particles are returned to the fluid to be atomized and the smaller fluid particles are emitted to the environment. A cartridge in which the nozzle and the fluid to be atomized are arranged is used. A stream of a carrier gas is generated in the nozzle and at least one fluid to be atomized is brought into contact with the carrier gas.
It is an object of the invention to provide an efficient way of dispensing a fluid.
In order to achieve the object defined above, a fluid cartridge, a method of operating a fluid cartridge, a dispension device, a method of operating a dispension device, an arrangement, and a method of use according to the independent claims are provided.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a fluid cartridge for dispensing (particularly nebulizing or atomizing) a fluid (particularly a gas and/or liquid, optionally including a solid additive) is provided, wherein the fluid cartridge comprises a casing for accommodating the fluid (for instance in a fluid-tight manner), a pressure feed interface configured for being coupled to at least one (i.e. to one pressure feed unit or to a plurality of pressure feed units) pressure feed unit (particularly of a dispenser device) for feeding the fluid in the casing with pressurized medium (particularly a gas and/or liquid under overpressure, particularly pressurized air or oxygen), a fluid dispensing unit configured for generating particles (particularly fluid particles, however pure solid particles are possible as well) upon feeding the fluid in the casing with pressurized medium, and a fluidic path in the casing being opened or openable for enabling the particles (particularly fluid particles, more particularly in the form of an aerosol, even more particularly in the form of a nanoaerosol) to leave the casing (or to propagate out of the casing, i.e. the particles are emitted to the environment) through the fluidic path.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a method of dispensing a fluid is provided, wherein the method comprises accommodating the fluid in a casing, coupling a pressure feed interface of the casing to a pressure feed unit to thereby feed the fluid in the casing with pressurized medium, generating particles (particularly fluid particles) in the casing upon feeding the fluid in the casing with pressurized medium, and providing a fluidic path in the casing being open for enabling the particles to leave the casing through the fluidic path.
According to still another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a dispenser device for dispensing a fluid from a fluid cartridge (which may be a fluid cartridge having the above mentioned features) is provided, the dispenser device comprising a cartridge accommodation unit configured for accommodating the fluid cartridge, a pressure feed unit configured for feeding the fluid in a casing of the fluid cartridge with a pressurized medium upon accommodating the fluid cartridge in the cartridge accommodation unit to thereby generate particles (particularly fluid particles) leaving the casing through a fluidic path in the casing upon feeding the fluid in the casing with the pressurized medium.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a method of dispensing a fluid from a fluid cartridge is provided, wherein the method comprises accommodating the fluid cartridge in a cartridge accommodation unit, and feeding the fluid in the casing with a pressurized medium upon accommodating the fluid cartridge in the accommodation unit to thereby generate particles (particularly fluid particles) leaving the casing upon feeding the fluid in the casing with the pressurized medium.
According to still another exemplary embodiment of the invention, an arrangement for dispensing a fluid is provided, wherein the arrangement comprises a fluid cartridge having the above mentioned features and accommodating the fluid, and a cooperating dispenser device having the above mentioned features and being configured for dispensing the fluid from the fluid cartridge.
According to yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention, an arrangement having the above mentioned features is used for treating a physiological subject (such as a human being or an animal, particularly a horse or a falcon) by the dispensed fluid (or by the generated particles, particularly fluid particles). The dispensed fluid may particularly be a non-medical preparation (i.e. may be free of any medication, for instance may be a fluid for wellness applications or cosmetic applications). Alternatively, the dispensed fluid may be a medical preparation (i.e. may comprise a pharmaceutically active agent).
According to an exemplary embodiment, a pressurized carrier fluid is supplied to a fluid (particularly a liquid) accommodated in a casing to thereby bring the fluid into motion. Particles (particularly fluid particles) will disrupt from the liquid surface and may be forced against an abutting surface of the fluid cartridge to thereby atomize or vaporize. Relatively large particles will then, under the influence of gravitation, propagate back to the liquid surface, whereas smaller particles such as nanoparticles will be capable of moving through one or more openings in the casing towards an environment. Therefore, the liquid (which may be a wellness preparation or a physiologically active substance) will be dispensed in nanoparticles towards the environment.
In the following, further exemplary embodiments of the fluid cartridge will be explained. However, these embodiments also apply to the method of operating a fluid cartridge, the dispension device, the method of operating a dispension device, the arrangement, and the method of use.
In an embodiment, the casing, particularly including a Venturi nozzle of the casing, is made by injection molding, particularly may be made by four injection molding parts. Hence, the Venturi principle of atomizing liquid into finest particles has been adapted to a casing made purely by injection molding, i.e. with very low cost. Embodiments of the invention hence relate to a casing which is constituted by four cooperating parts or members each of which being manufacturable with the economic method of injection molding. Nevertheless, a powerful vaporization of liquid can be achieved with such a casing even under the harsh conditions of a high pressure (for instance 2 bar) of the pressurized medium in combination with requirements of sterile conditions of the fluid to be dispensed or dispersed.
In an embodiment, the casing comprises a bottom part and a top part, the bottom part and the top part being integrally connected to one another, particularly in a hermetically sealed fluid-tight manner and/or in a sterile manner. The bottom part and the top part can both be manufactured by injection molding, can be assembled (particularly together with two further injection molding parts) and can be sealed so that no fluid, particularly liquid, may pass through the connected top part and bottom part. Therefore, the liquid can be kept within the casing in a sterile way, wherein sterility can be maintained over the entire lifetime of the casing.
Particularly, the fluid cartridge can be configured as a single use device or disposable device which is used until the liquid contained therein is empty and is then thrown away. Therefore, sterility can be guaranteed which could not be guaranteed upon refill of an already used casing by a user. After an aseptic filling of the fluid cartridge the interior of the fluid cartridge remains sterile through all procedural steps. Alternatively, the fluid cartridge with its casing may be reused. In such a scenario, it is advantageous to sterilize or autoclave the used casing before refilling it again with new fluid to be dispensed.
In an embodiment, the bottom part and the top part are integrally connected to one another by welding, particularly by ultrasonic welding. It has turned out that certain polymers or plastic materials are particularly appropriate for the bottom part and the top part since they allow for a fluid-tight welding with robustness also against temperatures at which autoclaving is usually performed. The bottom part and the top part of the casing may also be connected to one another by other fastening techniques such as screwing.
In an embodiment, the bottom part has a hollow stub (as an integral section of the bottom part) with a nozzle orifice at a top end. An internal volume of the stub may be coupled to the pressure feed unit. An external volume of the stub may be in fluid communication with the fluid accommodated in the casing. Therefore, the pressure feed unit being capable of providing a gas such as air under a high pressure of several bar or more may be conducted through an internal opening in the stub of the bottom part so as to bring it in interaction with the fluid.
In an embodiment, the casing has a hollow stub member (which may be a separate component to be assembled with the bottom part) with a further nozzle orifice at a top end, wherein the hollow stub member is to be mounted over the hollow stub for enclosing a (gap-like or tubular) fluid volume therebetween. The configuration may be so that upon feeding the internal volume of the stub of the bottom part with the pressurized medium to be ejected through its nozzle orifice, fluid is ejected through the further nozzle orifice. The hollow stub member may be also an injection molding piece. It can be configured with basically the same geometry but a slightly larger size as the stub of the bottom part. Therefore, a small hollow cylindrical void can be formed between the hollow stub and the hollow stub member, wherein fluid may enter this small gap, for instance as a result of capillary effects and other hydrostatic or hydrodynamic effects. Therefore, a proper interaction between the pressurized gas propagating through an interior of the hollow stub on the one hand and the fluid located around the hollow stub can be achieved.
In an embodiment, the top member has a deflecting member, particularly a deflecting pin, being configured so that, upon ejecting the fluid through the further nozzle orifice, the fluid is dispersed into the particles (particularly fluid particles) by an interaction with the deflecting member. The deflecting member may face a fluid emitting region of the nozzle orifice of the hollow stub member for a strong impact on fluid particle formation. Such a deflecting member may be arranged to face, with its fluid abutment surface, the nozzle orifice, thereby defining conditions of a collision between the disrupted particles (particularly fluid particles) on the one hand and the end face of the deflecting member on the other hand. The accelerated particles may therefore be suddenly decelerated by the deflecting member so that smallest particles can be generated.
In an embodiment, the top part has at least one predetermined breaking structure configured for being broken (i.e. destroyed irreversibly) by applying a breaking force so as to open (or to form) the fluidic path in the casing upon breaking. Such a predetermined breaking structure (“Sollbruchstelle”) can be configured as a mechanically weakened portion of the top part which can be selectively destroyed for instance by a user using her or his muscle force so as to open the fluidic path (which may be formed by one or more fluid channels) in the top part of the casing.
Particularly, the breaking structure is configured for being broken irreversibly so as to exclude subsequent reclosure of the fluidic path. It may hence be mechanically excluded that the fluid cartridge is resealed or reclosed after first opening of the casing.
In an embodiment, the at least one predetermined breaking structure comprises at least one slanted plate located in an upper surface of the top part (and preferably protruding therefrom towards an exterior of the casing so as to be accessible for being broken by an externally applied breaking force) so as to be broken by bending or kinking the slanted plate(s) upon applying the breaking force. A slanted plate, i.e. a basically planar sheet protruding with an angle differing from 90° (for instance with an angle in a range between 60° and 85°) from a planar upper surface of the top part, is particularly suitable to be breakable with a small force in view of a relatively large lever arm formed by the slanted plate itself. This allows for an efficient transmission of a breaking force and therefore simplifies opening of the fluidic path by a user or a dispenser device.
In an embodiment, an anchoring of the at least one predetermined breaking structure in an upper surface of the top part is selectively mechanically weakened, particularly thinned, as compared to an environment of the upper surface. When the support of the breaking structure at a surface plate of the casing is selectively weakened locally by forming the material locally thinner, by using a less robust material at the anchoring and/or by perforating the anchoring, even a small breaking force may be sufficient to open the fluid cartridge for first use.
In an embodiment, the top part has at least one recess (particularly a plurality of circumferentially recesses) as the fluidic path, wherein the fluid cartridge further comprises a peelable layer being removable from the top part so as to expose the fluidic path. As an alternative to a breaking structure, it is therefore possible to provide a peelable layer (which may have a handle or grip or flap) allowing a user or the dispenser device to remove the peelable layer covering the recess(es), thereby exposing the recess(es) for providing fluid communication between an interior and an exterior of the cartridge. Therefore, before removing the peelable layer, the sterile configuration in the interior of the casing is maintained. The peelable layer may be sealingly connected to the casing by an adhesive material, by welding, by hot sealing, etc.
In an embodiment, the casing comprises a sealing member (such as a plug) forming at least part of the pressure feed interface and being penetrable by a pressure supply pin coupled to a pressure medium reservoir as the pressure feed unit. The sealing member may particularly be inserted into a through hole in a bottom surface of the bottom member. Therefore, a backside of the casing may have a sealing member which may be less stable or robust than the top and bottom parts of the casing (for instance may be made of another polymer material and/or may be made of thinner material). Upon pressing a pressure supply pin, which may have a sharp tip, through the sealing member, supply of pressurized medium such as a pressurized gas into an interior of the casing becomes possible.
Generally, the casing may comprise or consist of a thermoplastic and/or elastomeric material. Such a thermoplast and/or elastomer should be inert or basically inert with regard to an interaction with the fluid, particularly an active substance (such as a pharmaceutically active substance) thereof.
In order to further reduce such an interaction, coating of at least a part of the inner surface of the casing (contacting the fluid) may be appropriate so as to reliably decouple the fluid from the casing. Furthermore, such a material may reduce or eliminate undesired migration of material from the fluid into the casing. An example for a suitable coating is a coating with a fluoropolymer, particularly polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE). Such a coating may also suppress or eliminate leaching of substances (such as silicone, oil components, etc.) from the casing to the fluid, thereby keeping the fluid free of impurities. Additionally or alternatively to the coating, also adaptation of surface roughness of the inner surface of the casing is possible.
Generally, the casing may be made of a material or may be coated with a material which does not or basically does not interact with the fluid therein. The material should be selected so as to not have a negative impact on an active agent within the fluid.
In an embodiment, the casing comprises or consists of polyoximethylene (POM), also known as acetal, polyacetal, and polyformaldehyde. Extensive experiments of the present inventors have shown that POM is a particularly suitable casing material for the desired applications. On the one hand, POM is appropriate for being used for ultrasonic welding which is a highly advantageous connection technique for connecting top part and bottom part of the casing to one another. On the other hand, this material can also be autoclaved, i.e. is capable of withstanding the high temperatures in a range of for instance 90° C. to 140° C. applied during autoclaving. This is important for a sterile insertion of the fluid into the casing to be sealed later. For instance, autoclaving may involve heating the casing to 120° C. for 30 minutes.
In another embodiment, the casing comprises or consists of a copolymer of Acrylonitrile, Butodiene, and Styren, particularly Polylac ABS®. The chemical formula of such a material is (C3H3N, C4H6, C8H8)x. Extensive experiments of the present inventors have shown that also Polylac ABS® is a highly appropriate material for the casing. This material has the specific advantage that it can be used for ultrasonic welding. The autoclaving properties are suitable for certain requirements. However, this material has the particularly advantage that it has a sufficient robustness for the fluidic particle formation process, which robustness is at the same time not too high so as to still enable breaking predetermined breaking structures with moderate force. Hence, it is particularly appropriate for forming slanted sheets or similar predetermined breaking structures used for fluidically opening the device by a user to get access to the fluid or liquid in it.
In an embodiment, the fluid cartridge itself comprises the pressure feed unit as a part thereof. In other words, the components housing the fluid including the provisions for the Venturi nozzle can be combined with the pressure feed unit (i.e. the source for the pressurized medium) for providing pressurized gas or the like in one single device. Particularly, fluid cartridge and pressure feed unit may together be configured as a portable device which can be handled manually by a user.
In an embodiment, the pressure feed unit comprises or consists of a pressurized medium accommodating container (such as a spray can or a gas bottle (particularly a nitrogen gas bottle, since nitrogen is biocompatible, cheap and a proper carrier gas for many therapeutic fluids such as hyaluronic acid)) accommodating the pressurized medium. The casing and/or the pressure feed unit has or have provisions so that the casing is mountable on the pressurized medium accommodating container (such as the spray can or the gas bottle) so that the pressure feed interface is supplyable with the pressurized medium from the pressurized medium accommodating container (such as the spray can or the gas bottle). In one embodiment in which the accommodated pressurized medium has a sufficient volume or mass, it is possible that the pressurized medium accommodating container (such as the spray can or the gas bottle) is usable for multiple fluid cartridges of fluid, whereas the casing with the fluid contained therein can be a disposable or single use component.
In an embodiment, the casing is detachably mountable on the pressure feed unit. In this embodiment, casing and pressure feed unit are two separable components so that for instance the casing can be exchanged by another casing when the fluid is empty but there is still pressurized medium left in the pressure feed unit.
In an alternative embodiment, the casing is integrally formed with the pressure feed unit. Both components may be formed as a single piece allowing for a compact arrangement. In this embodiment, the entire fluid cartridge can be formed of injection molding parts.
In an embodiment, the fluid cartridge or the arrangement comprises a respiratory mask connected to the fluidic path so as to guide the dispensed fluid towards a mouth and/or a nose of a user or an animal. In such an embodiment, it is possible that a tube or another fluidic particle transfer conduit can guide the generated fluidic particles (such as nanofluidic particles) towards a respiratory mask which a user wears on her or his face. Therefore, an efficient supply of the particles (particularly fluid particles) towards the nose or the mouth of the user and inside her or his body is possible.
In an embodiment, the fluid cartridge comprises a cartridge data carrier (such as a label attached to a surface of the fluid cartridge), particularly arranged at the casing, wherein the cartridge data carrier carries (for instance stores electronically in a memory such as a semiconductor memory) information assigned to the fluid cartridge. This information or data may be readable by a reader unit, particularly by a reader unit of the dispenser device. With such a cartridge data carrier it is possible to store data regarding the fluid cartridge, for instance indicative of a unique identification of a certain fluid cartridge. The cartridge data carrier containing or storing such an identifier may be integrally connected with the fluid cartridge. Therefore, it is possible for the dispenser device to unambiguously identify the fluid cartridge based on this information so as to render the whole dispensing procedure with this specific fluid cartridge reproducible and documentable. By taking this measure, it can also be ensured that each fluid cartridge is only used once and is for instance not misused by being refilled (for instance with a non-controllable substance, without sterile conditions, in a dangerous dosing, etc.). Therefore, the safety in use of the fluid dispenser system can be increased. Such an identifier of the fluid cartridge can be read out by the dispenser device upon accommodating the fluid cartridge in the fluid cartridge accommodation unit. Enablement of the fluid dispensing can be denied in case an identification reading process fails or yields the result that an identified fluid cartridge is not used for the first time, has been used a number of times exceeding a predefinable threshold value, or does not belong to an original manufacturer.
In an embodiment, the cartridge data carrier may be a transponder (particularly a radio frequency identification tag, RFID), a bar code (for instance a one dimensional bar code or a two dimensional bar code, wherein such a bar code may be read out optically), and a holographic foil (wherein information stored in a corresponding hologram may be read out optically). All these examples for appropriate cartridge data carriers which for instance may be adhered to an external or an internal surface of the casing may all carry or store the required information.
In an embodiment, the cartridge data carrier carries cartridge identification information being uniquely indicative of an identity of the fluid cartridge, and/or indicating a date of expiry until which the fluid cartridge is usable (i.e. a “best before” date), and/or may include (or may include a link to) operation data indicative of an operation mode according to which the fluid cartridge is usable by a dispenser device. For instance, when the reading of the cartridge identification information shows that the same fluid cartridge has already been used in the past, further use may be inhibited by the dispenser device. Such data may also be received by the dispenser device over a communication network such as the public Internet. If the date of use is later than the date of expiry, use of the fluid cartridge may be denied. It is also possible that the way of operating the fluid cartridge for a certain dispensing procedure is determined based on certain data. The dispenser device may then read a set of operating parameters for fluidic particle formation from the cartridge data carrier (for instance may determine which kind of pressure, which kind of metering, etc. is suitable for the particular fluid of the fluid cartridge).
In an embodiment, the cartridge data carrier is configured so as to enable a data writing unit, particularly a writing unit of the dispenser device, to write data onto the cartridge data carrier (for instance to write electronic data into a cartridge data memory). In such an embodiment it is possible that the fluid dispensing history is documented directly in the cartridge data carrier of the fluid cartridge (for instance a flag may be set indicating that this specific fluid cartridge has already been used once).
Such a cartridge data carrier may be a physical data carrier (encoding the stored information via physical structures such as alternating sequence of light and dark bars) or an electronic data carrier (storing the information in a volatile or non-volatile memory such as an EEPROM). It may be exchanged and accessed in a wired or in a wireless manner. For a wireless communication, the cartridge data carrier may have a transmission and/or receiver coil.
In an embodiment, the fluid cartridge is configured so that a dimension of at least about 50%, particularly of at least about 80%, more particularly of at least about 95%, of the dispensed particles (such as dispensed fluid particles) is in a range between about 10 nm and about 1000 nm, particularly is in a range between about 60 nm and about 200 nm. The smaller the particles, the deeper will the particles penetrate into a body of a human being or an animal. A too deep penetration into the body may involve a medical risk (such as pulmonary embolism). However, if the particles become too large, their influence on the physiological subject (such as the human being or the animal) becomes too small. The given ranges are a reasonable tradeoff between these two boundary conditions.
The dispensed particles may lose at least a part of their liquid constituents (and/or of their gaseous constituents) after their generation by evaporation or the like. In case they lose a part of their liquid and/or gaseous constituents, they remain fluid particles. In an extreme case, the dispensed particles lose basically all of their liquid and/or gaseous constituents. The dispensed particles may be, directly after their generation, dispensed fluid particles. During propagation along their propagation path, they may be converted from dispended fluid particles into dispended particles without liquid and gas, i.e. into solid particles.
In an embodiment, the casing accommodates the fluid. For instance, the amount of accommodated fluid may be in a range between 1 ml and 50 ml, particularly may be in a range between 3 ml and 10 ml. Such dimensions are suitable for medical and wellness applications. However, in order to perform disinfecting operations or the like, the amount of accommodated fluid may be in a range between 50 ml and 10 l, particularly may be in a range between 1 l and 5 l.
The fluid may comprises for instance hyaluronic acid—also called hyaluronan or hyaluronate—(preferably a mixture of hyaluronic acid and sodium chloride solution), olive oil, an essential oil, dead sea salt, dead sea salt with L-ascorbate, evening primpose oil, black cumin oil, aloe vera, algae extract, cucumber, avocado oil, D-panthenol an oil-coated active agent, a human medication, a veterinary medication, a wellness preparation, citric acid, and/or ozone. However, these fluids or liquids are only examples, and any other kind of physiologically active fluids may be implemented for the treatment of human beings or animals for the purpose of wellness or medical treatment or for other purposes such as disinfection. An oil-coated active agent has the advantage that the oil coating is removed within a physiological body (such as a human or an animal) with a certain delay, resulting in a delayed release of the active agent (such as a pharmaceutical agent). Aloe vera has an anti-inflammatory effect and has an anti-aging effect. Alga extracts are antimicrobial, and have an anti-aging effect on lungs and skin and tighten/lift the skin. Cucumber has an anti-aging effect and tightens/lifts the skin. D-panthenol promotes formation of new cells. Panthenol is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), and is thus a provitamin of B5. All these material are eye-compatible and harmless to ocular tissues. Particularly preferably is a mixture of hyaluronic acid and sodium chloride solution with a hyaluronic acid concentration in a range between 0.1 weight % and 2 weight %, particularly between 0.5 weight % and 1 weight %. With lower concentrations, the effect may become too weak. With higher concentrations, the solution may become too viscous for the proper formation of nanofluidic particles.
In an embodiment, the casing accommodates a solid precursor, particularly a powder or a granulate, of the fluid, wherein the solid precursor is mixable with a liquid, particularly with water, to thereby form the fluid in the casing. Hence, the container may be filled with a powder or a granulate or any other kind of suitable solid material. Only short before use, a liquid such as water can be added to the solid to form the fluid (which may be a liquid or a suspension). Therefore, the date of expiry of the fluid cartridge can be extended since the material to be dispensed is dry and is only rendered fluidic directly before use.
The liquid to be mixed with the solid precursor may be arranged in an aseptic condition within the casing in a compartment being separate from another compartment within the casing in which the solid precursor is located. Before use, the compartments may be brought in fluid communication with one another, for instance by removing a separating wall between the compartments. Alternatively, it is also possible to accommodate only the solid precursor within the casing and to supply the liquid to the fluid cartridge, for instance directly before use of the fluid cartridge for dispensing fluid, via a sealed and sterile fluid interface of the fluid cartridge (i.e. in a similar way as the pressurized medium is supplied to the interior of the casing).
In the following, further exemplary embodiments of the dispension device will be explained. However, these embodiments also apply to the fluid cartridge, the method of operating a fluid cartridge, the method of operating a dispension device, the arrangement, and the method of use.
In an embodiment, the dispenser device comprises a fluid cartridge opening mechanism configured for opening a fluidic path via which the particles (particularly fluid particles) leave the casing upon accommodating the fluid cartridge in the accommodation unit. For instance, the opening mechanism may operate by breaking at least one predetermined breaking structure of the fluid cartridge by applying a breaking force. Therefore, the dispenser device itself may have a mechanism for opening the fluid cartridge so that a user does not have to fulfil this task manually. For instance, when inserting the fluid cartridge in the dispenser device, the mechanism may be activated (for instance when a user presses a certain button or pivots a certain lever) to break a part of the casing so as to enable access to the opening.
In an embodiment, the dispenser device, particularly the cartridge accommodation unit, comprises a read and/or write unit (such as an RFID read/write device or an optical bar code scanner) configured for reading data from and/or writing data to a cartridge data carrier of the fluid cartridge upon accommodating the fluid cartridge at the cartridge accommodation unit. Thus, data exchange between dispenser device and fluid cartridge can be performed in a unidirectional or bidirectional way.
In an embodiment, the dispenser device further comprising a further cartridge accommodation unit configured for accommodating a further fluid cartridge having a further fluid in a further casing, and a further pressure feed mechanism configured for feeding the further fluid in the further casing with a further pressure upon accommodating the further fluid cartridge in the further accommodation unit to thereby generate further particles (particularly fluid particles) leaving the further casing upon feeding the further fluid in the casing with the pressure. Therefore, it is possible to have two or more different fluid cartridges used at the same time. With such a provision, a co-medication can be performed supplying a mixture of multiple active agents at the same time. In case of multiple cartridges, each cartridge may be supplied individually with a separate pressurized medium via a pressure feed mechanism assigned only to the respective fluid cartridge. Alternatively, different fluid cartridges may be served by one and the same pressure feed mechanism. In other words, the pressure feed mechanism and the further pressure feed mechanism may be combined to a single pressure feed mechanism.
In another embodiment, it is however also possible to have exactly one fluid cartridge inserted into the dispenser device at a time.
In an embodiment, the dispenser device comprises a control unit configured for controlling operation of the pressure feed mechanism and of the further pressure feed mechanism to thereby adjust a dispensed composition between particles (particularly fluid particles) and the further particles (particularly fluid particles). Such a control unit may be a processor such as a microprocessor or a central processing unit (CPU) and may define a mode of supplying two or more different fluids simultaneously so as to precisely define relative amounts of dispensed fluids, a timing, etc.
In an embodiment, the cartridge accommodation unit comprises a fluid cartridge receptacle, particularly provided as a separate body, for receiving a section (for instance an upper section) of the fluid cartridge and having an engagement element (for instance a groove to be engaged or a protrusion for engaging). A mounting support may have a complementary engagement element (for instance a protrusion for engaging or a groove to be engaged) for engaging or for being engaged by the engagement element for holding the fluid cartridge receptacle receiving the fluid cartridge. For instance, an upper portion of the fluid cartridge may be inserted in the cartridge accommodation unit, whereas the lower part thereof may remain exposed to the environment and may therefore protrude over the fluid cartridge receptacle. Then, the engagement element of the cartridge accommodation unit may be fastened at the engagement element of the mounting support such as a mounting plate. The fluid cartridge together with the fluid cartridge receptacle (which may be made of a metal such as stainless steel) are fixed at a certain position at the mounting support.
In an embodiment, the fluid cartridge receptacle has a through hole for exposing an opened fluid conduit of the fluid cartridge to an environment when the fluid cartridge receptacle receives the fluid cartridge. The through-hole may allow the dispensed fluid to be emitted towards the environment.
In an embodiment, the pressure feed mechanism comprises a pressure supply pin (such as a tubular body with a sharp tip) coupled to a pressure medium reservoir (which may accommodate the pressurized medium). The pressure supply pin may be configured for penetrating a surface of the fluid cartridge (for instance a sealing plug in a bottom surface thereof) for feeding the fluid in a casing of the fluid cartridge with a pressure. A drive unit of the pressure feed mechanism may be configured for driving the pressure supply pin into the surface of the fluid cartridge mechanism. In such an embodiment, it is possible to automatically trigger pressure supply to the fluid filled casing by a drive unit such as a motor. Therefore, impact of muscle force of a user is not necessary in such an embodiment.
In an embodiment, the drive unit is configured for driving, particularly for raising, a movable force transmission plate towards the static mounting support (at which the fluid cartridge is mounted, for instance via a fluid cartridge receptacle) to thereby drive the pressure supply pin through the surface of the fluid cartridge in fluid communication with the interior volume of the casing. In this embodiment, the fluid cartridge received in the fluid cartridge receptacle, the latter being in turn received by the mounting support, can be supplied with pressurized gas by moving the movable force transmission plate towards the static mounting support until a sharp pin penetrates the casing from a backward side. This renders operation of the dispenser device user friendly.
In an embodiment, the drive unit comprises a motor for providing a driving force to the force transmission plate and comprises a guide mechanism for guiding the force transmission plate towards the mounting support along a predefined trajectory (for instance so that the force transmission plate and the mounting support are always parallel to one another which may be advantageous particularly when multiple fluid cartridges are handled at the same time). The motor provides the driving force, whereas the guide mechanism allows for a parallel motion between force transmission plate and mounting support plate.
In an embodiment, the drive unit is a linear motor. The guide mechanism may comprise a guide bearing cooperating with a knee lever, i.e. pivotable legs convertible between a straight and an angled configuration and being mechanically coupled to the force transmission plate which is turn guided by the guide bearing. Therefore, the linear motor provides for a linear motion, which bends the knee lever so that the force transmission plate is moved in a guided manner along the guide bearing.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure feed mechanism comprises a pressure supply pin coupled to a pressure medium reservoir and being configured for penetrating a surface of the fluid cartridge for feeding the fluid in a casing of the fluid cartridge with a pressure. Additionally, a lever mechanism actuable by a user may be provided, wherein the pressure supply pin penetrates the surface of the fluid cartridge upon actuating (for instance pivoting) the lever mechanism. In this alternative embodiment, muscle force of a user who actuates a lever is used to initiate the supply of pressurized gas to the interior of the casing.
In an embodiment, the pressure feed unit is configured for supplying the pressurized medium with a pressure in a range between about 1,1 bar (i.e. slightly above atmospheric pressure) and about 10 bar, particularly about 1,5 bar and about 10 bar, more particularly in a range between about 2 bar and about 5 bar. In this pressure range, generation of fluidic particles in the nanofluidic range is possible.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure feed unit is configured for supplying the pressurized medium with a pressure in a range between about 50 bar and about 1000 bar, particularly in a range between about 200 bar and 600 bar. In this pressure range, generation of fluidic particles with a highly advantageous impact on cells and there activation is possible. Without wishing to be bound to a specific theory, it is presently believed that such pressure values are capable of generating so-called “biophontons”, i.e. energy propagating into the body of the physiological subject. Adjustment of the dimension of the generated fluidic particles can be done by adjusting the size of the orifice(s) of the nozzle. The given high pressure values are obtained by selecting a sufficiently small nozzle size.
In an embodiment, the pressure feed unit comprises a plurality of separate pressurized medium chambers each configured for supplying a respective pressurized medium to the fluid in the casing of the fluid cartridge to thereby generate the particles (particularly fluid particles) leaving the casing. In other words, it is possible that different gas chambers (which may be filled with different pressurized kinds of gas) are provided. One or more of the pressurized medium chambers may be selected at a time for supplying gas to the fluid cartridge.
In an embodiment, the dispenser device comprises a temperature adjustment unit, particularly a heating unit and/or cooling unit, configured for adjusting a temperature of the pressurized medium in the pressure feed unit. For instance, a Peltier element integrated in one or more of one or more pressurized medium chambers may allow to adjust the temperature of the respective pressurized medium to a desired value. Adjusting the temperature may include heating to an elevated temperature or cooling to a lower temperature (for instance as compared to ambient temperature).
In an embodiment, the dispenser device comprises a control or regulating unit configured for controlling and/or regulating which of the plurality of separate pressurized medium chambers supplies its respective pressurized medium to the fluid in the casing and/or configured for controlling and/or regulating the temperature of the pressurized medium in the pressure feed unit. Such a control unit may control, for instance based on a stored algorithm or in accordance with a user input, which of pressurized medium chambers is activated for transporting its gas to the casing. Such a control unit may control, for instance based on a stored algorithm or in accordance with a user input, to which temperature a pressurized medium is to be heated or cooled. A regulating unit may regulate, based on a feedback signal including a regulation information (such as a filling level or a temperature of one or more pressurized medium chambers), which of the pressurized medium chambers is activated and/or to which temperature pressurized medium in a pressurized medium chamber is to be heated or cooled.
In the following, further exemplary embodiments of the arrangement will be explained. However, these embodiments also apply to the fluid cartridge, the dispension device, the method of operating a fluid cartridge, the method of operating a dispension device, and the method of use.
In an embodiment, the fluid cartridge comprises a tamper-proof feature being indicative of an origin of the fluid cartridge. The dispenser device may be equipped with a corresponding tamper-proof verification unit configured for verifying whether a fluid cartridge accommodated by the dispenser device has a tamper-proof feature being indicative of an approved origin of the fluid cartridge. The dispenser device may enable generation of particles (particularly fluid particles) only upon verification that the fluid cartridge has the tamper-proof feature. The dispenser device may disable generation of particles (particularly fluid particles) when the verification that the fluid cartridge has the tamper-proof feature fails. Such a tamper-proof feature may be a tamper-proof indicia or marker which is detectable or readable by the dispenser device. The tamper-proof indicia or marker can be data (such as an alphanumerical code, a two- or three-dimensional bar code, electronic data stored in a memory of a transponder), a color, a hologram, a mechanical surface structure, etc.
In an embodiment, the fluid cartridge and/or the dispenser device may be configured so that the tamper-proof feature is irreversibly destroyed or deactivated upon first insertion of the fluid cartridge into the dispenser device. For instance, a predetermined breaking point of the fluid cartridge may break during the first insertion, identification data may be erased from a memory of the fluid cartridge, deactivation data may be stored in a memory of the fluid cartridge, etc. Hence, it can be ensured that a once used fluid cartridge is used again, thereby increasing safety of operation and avoiding damage to health of a user.
The arrangement may comprise a particle source and a respiratory mask fluidically connected to the particle source so as to guide further fluidic particles towards a mouth and/or a nose of a physiological subject, particularly a human being or an animal, via the respiratory mask. The particle source may be provided separately from the fluid cartridge and the dispenser device. Hence, the skin of a user may be treated with the particles (particularly fluid particles) leaving the casing of the cartridge, while other fluidic particles from the particle source may allow a treatment of the respiratory tract of the user. In one embodiment, the particle source may comprise a fluid cartridge and a dispenser device having the above-described features.
In the following, further exemplary embodiments of the method of use will be explained. However, these embodiments also apply to the fluid cartridge, the dispension device, the method of operating a fluid cartridge, the method of operating a dispension device, and the arrangement.
In an embodiment, the arrangement is configured as a closable (particularly via a door) treatment cabin dimensioned so that a human being, as the physiological subject, is treated with the particles (particularly fluid particles) within the closed cabin. Such an arrangement may have a closable door via which the human being may enter the treatment cabin. Within the treatment cabin, the human being may take a seat before the fluid is sprayed from the fluid cartridge into an interior space of the cabin.
Optionally, such a cabin may be equipped with a separate oxygen supply line (for instance connected to a respiratory mask) for supplying oxygen into the cabin. For example, a user may wear a respiratory mask supplied with an extra amount of oxygen during the treatment. This may be particularly appropriate for medical applications and may avoid lack of sufficient oxygen during a treatment involving a non-inhalable fluid.
In an embodiment, the arrangement is configured as a closable treatment cabin dimensioned so that an animal, particularly a bird (such as a falcon) or a horse, can be treated as the physiological subject with the particles (particularly fluid particles) within the closed cabin. However, as an alternative, other animals may be treated as well in such a cabin.
It is possible that cabins of different sized are provided such as one dimensioned for birds, another one dimensioned for small animals such as cats or dogs, and a further one dimensioned for 1
In an embodiment, the arrangement is configured as a portable device dimensioned so that a human being, as the physiological subject, is treated with the particles (particularly fluid particles) by manually handling the device. Therefore, the arrangement may be configured so that it can be carried by a user during normal use. For example, the portable or handheld device may be storable within a pocket. If a user wishes a treatment, she or he simply activated the generation of fluidic particles by the device in a for instance closed room.
Such a portable device, for instance configured as a combination of an aerosol can and a selectable cartridge, can be used as a user-specific device for everyday use. By selecting a cartridge or a combination of cartridges to be used for the portable device, a user can for instance define a specific vitamin composition or other composition to be inhaled.
In an embodiment, the arrangement is configured to be installed in a room so as to treat a human being, as the physiological subject, present in the room with the particles (particularly fluid particles). For example, such an arrangement may be a sauna or an office room in which a person is brought in contact with the atomized particles (or aerosol) ejected from an apparatus.
In an embodiment, the arrangement is used for disinfecting a room (such as a room in a hospital, or the interior of a car). For example, cartridges with a fluid accommodation volume (dimension) of at least about 1 l, particularly in a range between about 1 l and about 10 l can be used for such a purpose. Ozone, citric acid or other disinfecting materials may be used for such a purpose as the fluid.
The aspects defined above and further aspects of the invention are apparent from the examples of embodiment to be described hereinafter and are explained with reference to these examples of embodiment.
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to examples of embodiment but to which the invention is not limited.
The illustrations in the drawings are schematical. In different drawings, similar or identical elements are provided with the same reference signs.
The arrangement 180 comprises a disposable liquid cartridge 100 in which the liquid 192 is accommodated. For instance, 4 ml of the liquid 192 are filled in the fluid cartridge 100 which has been packaged in a sterile way.
The liquid cartridge 100 is, in the configuration of
The liquid cartridge 100 is configured for dispensing the liquid 192 and comprises a hermetically sealed housing or casing 102 within which the liquid 192 is accommodated. A pressure feed interface 104 is foreseen at a bottom of the hermetically sealed liquid cartridge 100 and is configured for being fluidically coupled to a pressure feed unit 106 of the dispenser device 150. Pressure feed unit 106 of the dispenser device 150 is configured for supplying the liquid 192 in the casing 102 with pressurized air. In other words, pressure feed unit 106 is fluidically coupled or in fluid communication with the pressurized gas to be supplied.
Furthermore, as will be explained below in more detail, the liquid cartridge 100 comprises a liquid dispensing portion 108 which is configured for generating the nanofluidic liquid particles within hollow chamber 194 delimited by the casing 102 upon providing the liquid 192 in the casing 102 with the pressurized gas. Several fluid channels 110 are circumferentially arranged in a top plate 196 of the casing 102. The fluidic channels 110 can be selectively opened for enabling the liquid particles to leave the casing 102 through the fluidic channels 110. Thereby, it is possible to generate the dispensed or atomized liquid in the form of nanoparticles.
Within the casing 102, a Venturi nozzle 198 is provided which is composed exclusively by injection molding parts, thereby allowing to manufacture the liquid cartridge 100 with low cost. The Venturi nozzle 198 consists of two stub-like elements 188, 186 each shaped as a hollow cylinder with a cone-like tip. Note that stub-like element 188 sealingly contacts bottom surface 157 of the casing 102, whereas a lower end of stub-like element 186 is spaced with regard to bottom surface 157 of the casing 102 by a small gap 168 allowing liquid 192 to flow between stub-like elements 188, 186. In an interior of inner stub 188 the pressurized air can flow in an upward direction. Without wishing to be bound to a specific theory, it is presently believed that liquid 192 is present in the small gap between the stubs 186, 188. When the pressurized air propagates in an upward direction according to
The fluidic channels 110 can be formed in the casing 102 using predetermined breaking structures 176 which are already destroyed in the illustration of
The casing 102 is also sealed in a bottom portion before the pressure feed unit 106 penetrates the casing 102. The pressure feed interface 104 can be for instance a membrane or a less robust plastic material as compared to the rest of the casing 102, so as to enable a sharp pressure feed pin 118 to penetrate the pressure feed interface 104 to thereby allow it to provide pressurized gas to an interior of the casing 102.
Also, it is possible that the read/write unit 116 of the dispenser device 150 writes data in the memory of the cartridge data carrier 114 of the liquid cartridge 100, for instance to document the history of the use of the liquid cartridge 100. Such a documentation is highly advantageous in the field of medical devices because it allows later to retrace unambiguously which history the liquid cartridge 100 has been subjected to.
Referring now to the dispenser device 150, it should first be said that it comprises a cartridge accommodation unit 152 in the form of a suitable receptacle configured to receive liquid cartridge 100 and to fasten it at a predefined position. Furthermore, the pressure feed unit 106 is part of the dispenser device 150 and is configured for providing the liquid 192 in the casing 102 of the liquid cartridge 100 with pressurized gas upon accommodating the liquid cartridge 100 in the cartridge accommodation unit 152. As discussed above, it is thereby possible to generate liquid particles which leave the casing 102 upon supplying the gas pressure to the liquid 192 in the casing 102.
Furthermore, the read/write unit 116 being capable for reading information from RFID tag 114 and writing information into the RFID tag 116 is provided and comprises components such as coils, processing circuitry, etc. The spatial range over which the read/write unit 116 may communicate with the RFID tag 114 can be adjusted so that only liquid cartridges 100 being inserted into the accommodation space 152 can be read out so as to avoid undesired read and write operations. Furthermore, the read/write unit 116 can be controlled by a control unit 174 of the dispenser device 150. Control unit 174 is capable of exchanging information with a database 172 in which for instance operation parameters for operating different kinds of liquid cartridges 100 can be stored.
A second difference between the embodiment of
In the following, referring to
As can be taken from
The material from which the fluid cartridges shown in
The arrangement 1100 comprises a liquid cartridge 100 as the one shown in
Upon attaching the liquid container 100 onto the spray can 1100, a connection or locking mechanism may be activated for connecting components 1100 and 100. For example, cooperating engagement means (such as grooves and protrusions) of components 1100, 100 may be brought into engagement upon carrying out such an attachment procedure. It is also possible to use a lever mechanism, a magnetic connection mechanism or the like to provide for such a connection. Furthermore, components 100, 1100 can be configured so that, upon connection, a pressure feed supply unit 106 may automatically penetrate the lower surface, for instance a membrane, of the casing 102 so that connection of the components 100, 1100 and formation of a pressurized medium supply path between the components 100, 1100 can be performed with one single hand movement.
A further adapter section 1108 contains the connection elements (such as cooperating engagement elements) for connecting components 100, 1100.
As an alternative to the spray can 1100, any other pressurized medium accommodating container such as a gas bottle (particularly a nitrogen bottle) can be implemented in the embodiment of
The arrangement 1150 in
A first temperature adjustment unit 1162 is configured for heating or cooling the pressurized medium in the first pressurized medium chamber 1160. A second temperature adjustment unit 1164 is configured for heating or cooling the pressurized medium in the second pressurized medium chamber 1168. By taking this measure, the respective pressurized medium may be heated or cooled to an appropriate temperature so as to properly fulfil its function in terms of fluid particle generation. Consequently, size and concentration of the particles may be adjusted precisely.
A regulating unit 1166 (such as a processor having a connected input/output unit as a user interface) is attached to an outer casing of the arrangement 1170 and allows a user to input control commands. The regulating unit 1166 is configured for regulating which of the separate pressurized medium chambers 1160, 1168 supplies its respective pressurized medium to the fluid in the liquid container 100. Also a mixing between different pressurized media is possible under control of the regulating unit 1166. Selection of one or more pressurized medium chambers 1160, 1168 supplying respective pressurized medium to the fluid cartridge may be made by correspondingly operating a valve 1172. The regulating unit 1166 is also configured for regulating the temperature of the pressurized medium in the pressurized medium chambers 1160, 1168. The regulation may be performed based on a sensor signal captured within the respective pressurized medium chambers 1160, 1168. Such a sensor signal may be indicative of an actual temperature, filling level, etc. in or of the respective pressurized medium chamber 1160, 1168. Hence, components (temperature adjustment units 1162, 1164, sensors, valve 1172, etc.) within the pressurized medium chamber 1160, 1168 may be communicatively coupled with the regulating unit 1166 for bidirectional signal exchange.
In addition to the liquid cartridge 100 shown on the left-hand side of
As can be taken from
A mounting support 1310 in the form of a metal plate having certain recesses 1312 is configured for being engaged by the engagement grooves 1308, 1282, respectively for holding the liquid cartridge receptacles 1306, 1280, respectively for receiving the liquid cartridges 100, 1302, respectively. A respective through-hole 1304, 1290 in the respective liquid cartridge receptacle 1306, 1280 allows to expose the liquid conduits 110 of the liquid cartridges 100, 1302 to an environment when the liquid cartridge receptacles 1306, 1280 receive the liquid cartridges 100, 1302.
As shown in more detail in
A linear motor 1402 is provided as a drive unit for driving the pressure supply pin 118 into the bottom surface of the fluid cartridge 100 and for driving the further pressure supply pin into the bottom surface of the further fluid cartridge 1302. For this purpose, the lower parts of the fluid cartridges 100, 1302 extending beyond the corresponding liquid cartridge receptacles 1306, 1280 can be forced to abut against a correspondingly movable (see arrow in
Biasing elements 1220 such as springs which are shown only schematically in
Thus, a user may, for instance by pressing a button, initiate the raise of the mounting support 1408 towards a lower end of the liquid containers 100, 1302. Upon exerting a pressure to this bottom, the pressure supply pins 118 will penetrate the lower surface of the liquid containers 100, 1302 and will then be able to provide a pressure to the liquid contained therein. Consequently, this will trigger the spraying of nanoparticular liquid out of the containers 100, 1302.
Now referring to
While
Therefore, the system shown in
The arrangement 1800 is installed in a room 1802 (such as a hospital room) to be disinfected. A fluid dispenser 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention which may be configured as described above is placed on a bottom or a floor 1804 of the room 1802. In the shown embodiment, the capacity of the liquid cartridge 100 is in a range between 1 l and 5 l. Using the influence of gravitation, see g-vector 1810, a disinfecting liquid such as citric acid is supplied from a container 1820 towards the fluid cartridge 100. Furthermore, pressurized gas such as nitrogen is applied from a pressurized gas source 1830 towards a lower section of the liquid cartridge 100. Consequently, citric acid 1830 as a disinfecting agent is sprayed out of an upper surface portion of the liquid container 100.
An arrangement 180 shown in
The respiratory mask 2104 is fluidically connected to the particle source 2102 via a tube 2112 so as to guide particles towards a mouth and/or a nose of the user wearing the respiratory mask 2104. The particle source 2102 is provided separately from the fluid cartridge 100 and the dispenser device 150. Both, particle source 2102 and system of fluid cartridge 100 and dispenser device 150 can be controlled by a common control unit 2106 such as a processor.
It should be noted that the term “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps and the “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. Also elements described in association with different embodiments may be combined.
It should also be noted that reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Implementation of the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments shown in the figures and described above. Instead, a multiplicity of variants are possible which use the solutions shown and the principle according to the invention even in the case of fundamentally different embodiments.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11179621.5 | Aug 2011 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2012/066520 | 8/24/2012 | WO | 00 | 2/27/2014 |
