This application is a United States national phase application of co-pending international patent application No. PCT/US2007/020659, filed Sep. 25, 2007, which claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60/847,010, filed Sep. 25, 2006, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to fluid machinery, and more particularly to combination separator and compressor devices.
Centrifugal compressors are known and typically include one or more impellers mounted on a driven shaft and configured to pressurize gas drawn into a central inlet and to discharge the fluid radially outwardly through one or more outlets located at an outer circumferential perimeter thereof. In order to properly function, only gas should be directed into the compressor inlet, such that any liquids should be removed from a fluid stream prior to entry into the compressor. As such, compressors are often used in conjunction with a separator device to remove liquids from the fluid stream prior to entry into the compressor inlet.
Referring to
Although such static separators are generally effective, such devices function less than ideally under certain operating characteristics. Specifically, when there are concentrated portions of liquid within the fluid stream, these liquid portions may pass directly between the radial vanes V without being entrained within the swirled fluid stream for conveyance toward the separation surface as intended.
In one aspect, the present invention is a fluid deflector for a fluid separator, the separator including a central axis and a generally enclosed wall having an open end and an inner circumferential separation surface extending circumferentially about the axis so as to define an interior separation chamber. The fluid deflector comprises a base disposeable generally proximal to the wall open end and having a central axis, the base axis being at least generally collinear with the separator axis. A plurality of vanes are connected with the base so as to be spaced circumferentially about the central axis. Each vane is configured to direct fluid contacting the vane at least generally radially outwardly toward the wall separation surface.
In another aspect, the present invention is a fluid separator comprising a housing having an interior chamber and an inlet passage extending into the chamber, a wall disposed within the housing chamber and having an end surface and an inner circumferential surface at least partially defining a separation chamber, and a fluid deflector. The fluid deflector is disposed within the housing chamber and includes a base with a central axis, the base being spaced from the wall end surface so as to define a generally radial part configured to fluidly connect the inlet passage with the separation chamber, and a plurality of vanes connected with the base. The vanes are spaced circumferentially about the central axis and each vane is configured to direct fluid contacting the vane generally toward the wall inner surface. As such, at least a portion liquid and/or relatively dense gas within fluid that is directed onto the wall inner surface is separated from the fluid.
In a further aspect, the present invention is a compressor comprising a casing having an interior chamber and an inlet passage extending into the chamber, a shaft disposed within the casing chamber so as to be rotatable about a central axis, and a least one impeller mounted on the shaft. An enclosed wall is disposed within casing chamber and has an end surface and an inner surface extending circumferentially about the axis and spaced radially outwardly from the shaft. The wall inner surface at least partially defines a separation chamber. Further, a fluid deflector is disposed within the housing chamber generally between the wall end surface and the impeller. The deflector includes a base with a central axis, the base being spaced from the wall end surface so as to define a generally radial port configured to fluidly connect the inlet passage with the separation chamber. A plurality of vanes are connected with the base and are spaced circumferentially about the central axis. Each vane is configured to direct fluid contacting the vane generally toward the wall inner surface such that at least a portion of liquid and/or relatively dense gas within fluid directed onto the wall inner surface is separated from the fluid.
The foregoing summary, as well as the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is shown in the drawings, which are diagrammatic, embodiments that are presently preferred. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. In the drawings:
Certain terminology is used in the following description for convenience only and is not limiting. The words “right”, left”, “lower”, “upper”, “upward”, “down” and “downward” designate directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words “inner”, “inwardly” and “outer”, “outwardly” refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, a designated centerline or a geometric center of an element being described, the particular meaning being readily apparent from the context of the description. Further, as used herein, the word “connected” is intended to include direct connections between two members without any other members interposed therebetween and indirect connections between members in which one or more other members are interposed therebetween. The terminology includes the words specifically mentioned above, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.
Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein like numbers are used to indicate like elements throughout, there is shown in
More specifically, the base 20 and the plurality of vanes 22 define a plurality of flow channels 24, each flow channel 24 being bounded by a separate one of a plurality of pairs of adjacent vanes 22. Also, each flow channel 24 has an inlet 25 and an outlet 26, as described in further detail below. Each vane 22 is configured to direct flow through at least one channel 24 partially bounded by the vane 22 such that fluid flows generally radially inwardly from the channel inlet 24 toward the channel outlet 26, and then flows generally circumferentially and radially outwardly from the channel outlet 26. That is, each vane 22 is configured to direct fluid contacting the vane 22 to flow at least generally radially outwardly from the outlet 26 from one of the two channels 24 partially bounded by the vane 22, as described in further detail below. Further, the base 20 has an outer surface 23 facing generally toward the separator wall 14 and each vane 22 extends generally outwardly from the base surface 23, each flow channel 24 being partially bounded by a separate one of a plurality of flow surface sections 27 of the base surface 23.
In other words, a plurality of flow surface sections or “flow surfaces” 27 are each defined between a separate pair of adjacent vanes 22 and partially bound a separate one of the flow channels 24. Each flow surface 27 is configured to direct fluid contacting the surface 27 first generally radially inward from the inlet 25 and then radially outwardly from the outlet 26. As such, with the plurality of circumferentially spaced channel outlets 26 each directing a separate fluid stream portion fP radially outwardly in a separate circumferential and axial, generally spiral-shaped path PC (see
Preferably, the separator 12 is incorporated into a compressor 1 that further includes a casing 2 with an interior chamber 3 and an inlet passage 4 extending into the chamber 3. The base 20 is spaced from the separator wall end 15 so as to define a generally radial port 19 configured to fluidly connect the inlet passage 4 with the separation chamber 17. As shown in
With this structure, each vane 22 preferably has a first or inlet end 22a located at least generally proximal to, and preferably disposed within, the flow port 19 and a second or outlet end 22b spaced axially and radially inwardly from the first end 22a and disposed within the separator interior chamber 17. More specifically, each vane 22 is located with respect to the separator wall 14 such that the vane first end 22a is spaced axially outwardly from the separator wall end 15 and the vane second end 22b is spaced axially inwardly from the wall end 15. As such, a fluid stream F contacting each vane 22 is directed to flow generally radially inwardly from the vane first end 22a, then generally axially into the wall interior chamber 17, and thereafter radially outwardly from the vane second end 22b so as to flow both circumferentially and radially outwardly generally toward the wall inner surface 16.
Further, the annular flow passage section 28 of the inlet passage 4 is preferably defined between the casing 2 and the separator wall 14, so as to extend entirely circumferentially about the wall 14, and extends at least generally along the separator axis 11. Also, the base 20 and/or the vanes 22 are configured to deflect fluid F flowing generally in a first axial direction A1 through the annular passage section 28 (and also circumferentially therethrough) to flow generally in an opposing axial direction A2 into the interior chamber 17. Thus, the fluid deflector 10 not only generates swirl within the fluid stream F passing therethrough and directs the liquid portions toward the separation surface 16, but also functions to deflect or channel the fluid stream F to flow axially into the separation chamber 17.
Referring to
Further, each vane body 34 is at least partially generally bended or curved so as to extend at least partially circumferentially about the base axis 21. That is, each vane body 34 is generally bended such that the body second section 34b is angled with respect to the body first section 34a so as to extend in a generally circumferential direction with respect to the axis 21, as described above. More specifically, as shown in
As such, the body curvature (and orientation as described below) causes fluid flow F contacting the vane body 34 to be “turned” within the associated flow channels 24 so as to be directed generally radially outwardly from and circumferentially about the base axis 21 and toward the wall inner surface 17. Also, by having a curved/bended body 34 as described below, each vane axial portion 33 generally “overlaps” an inner portion of one fluid channel 24 partially defined by the vane 22, preferably by at least one half of the spacing or pitch SV (
Furthermore, all of the vane bodies 34 of the plurality of vanes 22 are preferably arranged on the base 20 so as extend circumferentially in the same one of two opposing angular directions D1 or D2 (depicted in the D1 direction—see
Referring to
Further, the generally tubular inner portion or “hub” portion 40 is generally circular and has a first axial end 46 connected with, preferably integrally formed with, the disk inner edge 44 and an opposing, second or outer axial end 48 spaced axially from the disk portion 38. The base hub portion 40 is at least partially disposeable within the separator interior chamber 17, such that fluid contacting the base portion 20 is directed into the chamber 17 by the hub portion 40. As best shown in
With the preferred two-portion structure described above, the base outer surface 23 is generally “complex-shaped” and has a generally radial section 50a extending generally radially on the base outer disk portion 38 and a generally circumferential section 50b extending generally axially on the base inner tubular portion 40, which includes the concave surface portion 43. The two base surface sections 50a, 50b are joined or blended through a generally concavely curved section 50c at the intersection or conjunction of the two base portions 38, 40. Further, the vanes 22 are connected with, and preferably integrally formed with, the base outer surface 50, such that the vanes 22 generally follow the contour of the base outer surface 50. Specifically, each vane radial portion 31 extends generally radially between the disk portion outer and inner edges 42, 44 and the connected vane axial portion 33 extends generally axially (and circumferentially) between the hub portion inner and outer axial ends 46, 48.
Referring to
As best shown in
Referring to
Referring particularly to
Referring to
Referring to
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the broad inventive concept thereof. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but it is intended to cover modifications' within the spirit and scope of the present invention as generally defined in the appended claims.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/US2007/020659 | 9/25/2007 | WO | 00 | 3/24/2009 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2008/039446 | 4/3/2008 | WO | A |
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