Information
-
Patent Grant
-
6227411
-
Patent Number
6,227,411
-
Date Filed
Friday, August 13, 199925 years ago
-
Date Issued
Tuesday, May 8, 200123 years ago
-
Inventors
-
Original Assignees
-
Examiners
Agents
-
CPC
-
US Classifications
Field of Search
US
- 215 220
- 222 15313
- 222 15314
- 222 380
- 222 48
- 239 333
-
International Classifications
-
Abstract
A dispenser body supports a nozzle cap for rotation about a longitudinal axis thereof between ON and OFF positions. A nozzle cover surrounds the nozzle cap, is freely rotatable about the nozzle cap and is movable along the longitudinal axis relative to the nozzle cap, to render the same child resistant. Engaging portion on the nozzle cap and the nozzle cover are longitudinally spaced apart in a first longitudinal position to prevent rotation of the nozzle cap by rotating the nozzle cover, thereby preventing the nozzle cap from being rotated from one position to another. In a second longitudinal position of the nozzle cover relative to the nozzle cap, the engaging portions interengage to enable the nozzle cap to be rotated by the nozzle cover to enable the nozzle cap to be rotated from one position to another.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a manually operated fluid dispenser having a child-resistant nozzle assembly, the dispenser having a dispenser body supporting a nozzle cap for rotation about the longitudinal axis thereof between various ON and OFF positions. The nozzle assembly is designed to prevent children from rotating the cap to its ON position for dispensing fluid therefrom.
It is desirable to provide a construction wherein the nozzle cap cannot be moved from one of its OFF positions to one of its ON positions by a child, but which can be readily so moved by an adult. This end result can be accomplished by providing an arrangement wherein a person is required to sequentially perform at least two different manual functions such as moving a member longitudinally and then rotating the member through a significant angle of rotation. This is very difficult for a child to accomplish, but is a procedure which can easily be performed by an adult.
It is particularly important that a child-resistant nozzle assembly be provided when dispensing various fluids such as household fluids which may be toxic or otherwise harmful if swallowed or if sprayed on the person's skin. It is accordingly a principle object of the invention to provide a nozzle assembly which is relatively simple and inexpensive in construction, yet which is effective in preventing accidental operation of the dispenser by a child.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes a dispenser body which supports a nozzle cap for rotation about the longitudinal axis thereof between ON and OFF positions of the nozzle cap. A nozzle cover is disposed in surrounding relationship to the nozzle cap and is rotatable about the cap axis. The nozzle cover is also movable along the longitudinal axis relative to the nozzle cap. The nozzle cap and the nozzle cover have engaging portions thereon which are longitudinally spaced apart in a first longitudinal position of the nozzle cover relative to the nozzle cap. In this first longitudinal position, the nozzle cover can freely rotate around the nozzle cap, and no rotational movement will be imparted to the nozzle cap. Furthermore, the nozzle cover is disposed in surrounding overlying relationship to the outer surface of the nozzle cap so that a child cannot gain access to the nozzle cap and turn it from an OFF position to an ON position.
When an adult wishes to dispense fluid from the dispenser, the adult manually grasps the nozzle cover and moves it longitudinally relative to the nozzle cap to a second longitudinal position where engaging portions on the nozzle cover come into contact with engaging portions on the nozzle cap. While holding the nozzle cap in this second longitudinal position with sufficient force to overcome sliding, the adult can rotate the nozzle cover and the nozzle cap about the longitudinal axis of the nozzle cap, thereby moving the nozzle cap from an OFF position to an ON position.
When it is desired to move the nozzle cap back to an OFF position, the nozzle cover can again be rotated with the engaging portions in contact with one another to cause the nozzle cap to be rotated to an OFF position. The adult can then move the nozzle cover longitudinally of the nozzle cap to the first longitudinal position where the engaging portions are spaced from one another, and the nozzle cover can be left in this longitudinal position. If a child then rotates the nozzle cover, it will freely rotate relative to the nozzle cap, and the nozzle cap will remain in its OFF position.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1
is a side view of one end of a fluid dispenser cut away and showing in section the outer portion of the pump body with the nozzle cap and nozzle cover rotatably supported thereon;
FIG. 2
is an end view of the structure shown in
FIG. 1
;
FIG. 3
is a cross-sectional view taken along line
3
—
3
of
FIG. 1
;
FIG. 4
, is a cross-sectional view taken along line
4
—
4
of
FIG. 1
;
FIG. 5
is a side view of the discharge end of the dispenser shown in
FIG. 1
with the nozzle cover in a different longitudinal position;
FIG. 6
is a side view partly broken away and partly in section showing a modified form of the invention;
FIG. 7
is a side view of the discharge end of the dispenser shown in
FIG. 6
with the nozzle cover in a different longitudinal position;
FIG. 8
is a side view partly broken away and partly in section showing another modified form of the invention;
FIG. 9
is a side view of the discharge end of the dispenser shown in
FIG. 8
with the nozzle cover in a different longitudinal position;
FIG. 10
is a side view partly broken away and partly in section showing a further modified form of the invention;
FIG. 11
is a side view of the discharge end of the dispenser shown in
FIG. 10
with the nozzle cover in a different longitudinal position;
FIG. 12
is a side view partly broken away and partly in section showing a still further modified form of the invention;
FIG. 13
is a cross-section taken on line
13
—
13
of
FIG. 12
;
FIG. 14
is a side view of yet another modified form of the invention with one end of a fluid dispenser cut away and showing in section the nozzle cap and nozzle cover rotatably supported on the pump body;
FIG. 15
is a view similar to
FIG. 14
showing the components in a different operative position; and
FIG. 16
is a view similar to
FIG. 14
showing the components in still another different operative position.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, there is shown in
FIGS. 1-5
a first embodiment of the invention wherein a conventional dispenser or pump body is provided with an outer shroud
20
. The pump body has the usual pump cylinder
22
containing a reciprocable pump piston (not shown) which is manually reciprocated by a trigger actuator
24
hingedly mounted on the pump body. It is apparent that the invention can also be utilized with a dispenser which does not have a shroud.
The pump body portion has a generally cylindrical nozzle portion
30
at its downstream end including an outwardly projecting annular rib
32
formed thereon. A conventional discharge passage
34
is defined within nozzle portion
30
. A plastic nozzle cap
35
has a discharge orifice
36
formed therethrough, the nozzle cap including a sleeve portion
38
which is rotatably supported on a plug element
40
of the pump body. Conventional valving
42
is provided within sleeve
38
such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,706,888, commonly owned herewith.
Nozzle cap
35
has a generally cylindrical portion
50
which is supported on the outer surface of nozzle portion
30
for rotation about longitudinal axis A—A of the nozzle cap. The inner surface of portion
50
of the nozzle cap has an annular groove formed therein which receives rib
32
on nozzle portion
30
for holding the nozzle cap in place longitudinally of portion
30
, but permitting rotation of the nozzle cap with respect to nozzle portion
30
. The nozzle cap has an annular snap bead
52
formed thereon adjacent outer end
54
of the nozzle cap for a purpose hereinafter described. At the inner end
56
of the nozzle cap, an annular radially extending flange
58
is provided having a downstream annular face
60
from which extend a plurality of spaced engaging portions in the form of projections
62
.
A plastic nozzle cover
70
has an inner generally cylindrical surface which is supported on the complementary outer surface of portion
50
of the nozzle cap for rotation about axis A—A relative to the nozzle cap. The nozzle cover is also mounted for longitudinal movement along the outer surface of portion
50
of the nozzle cap between a first position relative to the nozzle cap as shown in
FIG. 1 and a
second position relative to the nozzle cap as shown in FIG.
5
.
Nozzle cover
70
has an annular face
72
thereon which confronts annular face
60
on the nozzle cap. A plurality of recesses
74
are formed in face
72
which define engaging portions for engaging projections
62
on the nozzle cap. As seen in
FIG. 4
, engaging portions
62
have opposite side surfaces
62
′ which slope at an angle of greater than ninety degrees with respect to face
60
so that projections
62
taper from surface
60
to a smaller dimension at the outer ends thereof. As seen in
FIG. 3
, engaging portions
74
have opposite side surfaces
74
′ which slope at an angle of greater than ninety degrees with respect to face
72
so that recesses
74
taper from the surface
72
to a smaller dimension at the inner ends of the recesses.
The side surfaces
62
′ and
74
′ engage one another when nozzle cover
70
is rotated in either direction. The angle of the side surfaces determines the amount of force that must be applied longitudinally to the nozzle cover in order to rotate the nozzle cap when the nozzle cover is rotated. The greater the angle, the more force is required. It is apparent that the engaging portions may have many different configurations.
Nozzle cover
70
also includes a longitudinally extending annular flange
76
which as seen in
FIG. 1
is disposed in overlying relationship to the outer surface of flange
58
of the nozzle cap so that when the nozzle cover is in the position shown in
FIG. 1
, a child does not have access to the outer surface of the nozzle cap and cannot directly rotate the nozzle cap. Additionally, when in the position shown in
FIG. 1
, the engaging portions
62
on the nozzle cap and
74
on the nozzle cover are spaced from one another in a longitudinal direction, so that the nozzle cover can freely rotate relative to the nozzle cap. Therefore, any rotation of the nozzle cover will not result in corresponding rotation of the nozzle cap.
In the position of the nozzle assembly including the nozzle cap and the nozzle cover shown in
FIG. 1
, the nozzle cap is in one of its OFF positions, and the nozzle cap cannot be rotated without moving the nozzle cover longitudinally toward the pump body into (upstream direction) the position where the engaging portions on the nozzle cover and the nozzle cap are in contact with one another as shown in FIG.
5
. The nozzle cover can then be rotated in either direction to cause the nozzle cap to rotate into one of its ON positions.
The outer surface of flange
58
of the nozzle cap is provided with indicia to indicate the position of the nozzle cap so as to produce a particular mode of operation of the dispenser when looking down at the top of the dispenser. As shown in
FIG. 5
, the nozzle cap is in one of its OFF positions. Rotation of the nozzle cap through an angle of 90 degrees in either direction will cause the nozzle cap to move into a SPRAY or STREAM position in a well-known manner. The nozzle cover is formed of transparent or translucent plastic material so that the indicia may be viewed through the cover. The inner surface at the outer end of the nozzle cover is provided with a cutout
78
which enables the nozzle cover to be snapped into place over snap bead
52
.
Referring to
FIGS. 6 and 7
, the structure is substantially the same as shown in
FIGS. 1-5
, and accordingly, the components of
FIGS. 6 and 7
have been given the same reference numerals as used in
FIGS. 1-5
. The only difference in the modification shown in
FIGS. 6 and 7
is that the indicia such as SPRAY and OFF are provided on the outer surface of portion
50
of the nozzle cap. In the longitudinal position of the nozzle cover shown in
FIG. 6
, the engaging portions are spaced from one another, while in the longitudinal position of the nozzle cover shown in
FIG. 7
, the engaging portions are in contact with one another and the nozzle cap has been rotated ninety degrees by rotating the nozzle cover.
Referring to
FIGS. 8 and 9
, a modification is disclosed wherein the nozzle cover
80
and the nozzle cap
82
are of substantially the same construction as the corresponding components shown in
FIGS. 1-5
with the exception that the engaging portions are disposed at different locations. The projections
84
extend from the outer end
86
of the nozzle cap, while the recesses
88
are formed in the inner face of an end wall
90
of the nozzle cover. Wall
90
has a central opening
92
through which passes fluid discharged through the discharge orifice of the nozzle cap. The nozzle cover is formed of transparent or translucent material so that indicia on the outer surface of the nozzle cap can be viewed. In the longitudinal position of the nozzle cover shown in
FIG. 8
, the engaging portions are spaced from one another in a longitudinal direction so that rotation of the nozzle cover will not cause rotation of the nozzle cap. In the longitudinal position of the nozzle cover shown in
FIG. 9
, the engaging portions interengage and the nozzle cap has been rotated by rotating the nozzle cover. As in the foreign embodiments, the nozzle cover is formed of transparent or translucent plastic material.
Referring to
FIGS. 10 and 11
, a modified nozzle cap
100
is similar to that shown in
FIGS. 1-5
, but an annular radially outwardly extending portion
102
is provided on the outer end of the nozzle cap. A plurality of engaging portions
104
are formed as projections similar to those previously described. A nozzle cover
106
is provided with an enlarged outer end portion
108
within which are disposed engaging portions
110
in the form of similar projections which are adapted to engage projections
104
. In the longitudinal position of the nozzle cover shown in
FIG. 10
, the engaging portions are spaced from one another in a longitudinal direction so that the nozzle cap cannot be rotated. In the longitudinal position of the nozzle cover shown in
FIG. 11
, the engaging portions are in contact with one another so that the nozzle cap can be rotated by rotating the nozzle cover. It is noted that in this form of the invention, the nozzle cover is moved away from the pump body to cause the engaging portions to interengage, whereas in the previous modifications, the nozzle cover is moved toward the pump body to cause the engaging portions to contact one another. The nozzle cover
106
is formed of transparent or translucent material.
Referring to
FIGS. 12 and 13
, a modified construction is similar to that shown in
FIGS. 6 and 7
, and similar parts have been given the same reference numerals. The nozzle cover in this form of the invention has a novel cross-sectional configuration as seen in
FIG. 13
wherein the transparent or translucent nozzle cover
70
is provided with four spaced outwardly projecting concave portions
114
to effectively serve as optical lenses which magnify the indicia disposed around the outer surface of the nozzle cap. It is noted that the four portions
114
are spaced ninety degrees from one another as are the indicia of the nozzle cap. Accordingly, the lenses enhance viewing of the indicia, as indicated by the size of the word SPRAY as shown in FIG.
12
.
Referring to
FIGS. 14-16
of the drawings, a further modification is illustrated. A plastic nozzle cap
120
includes a generally cylindrical portion
122
corresponding to portion
50
shown in FIG.
1
. Portion
122
has indica disposed on the outer surface thereof, and the outer end of the nozzle cap is provided with a discharge orifice
124
. The inner end of the nozzle cap is provided with an annular flange
126
which extends outwardly in concentric relationship to portion
122
of the nozzle cap. The outer end of flange
126
defines an annular surface
128
having engaging portions
130
in the form of projections similar to engaging portions
62
previously described disposed at four spaced locations about the surface
128
in a similar manner in which projections
62
are disposed about surface
60
as seen in FIG.
4
. The outer surface of flange
126
has formed thereon two spaced annular snap beads
132
and
134
for a purpose hereinafter described.
A nozzle cover
140
is mounted on the outer surface of portion
122
of the nozzle cap for rotation relative to the nozzle cap and also for longitudinal movement of the nozzle cover with respect to the nozzle cap. The nozzle cover includes a front wall
142
which joins with a cylindrical portion
143
defining a discharge opening
144
aligned with discharge orifice
124
of the nozzle cap. A plurality of circumferentially spaced air aspiration openings
146
are provided in the outer part of the nozzle cover for ingesting air to mix with the product sprayed through orifice
124
to thereby effect a foam discharge from the nozzle assembly in a spray ON position of the device as turbulence is created within a chamber defined by the wall of opening
144
. See U.S. Pat. No. 5,647,539 commonly owned herewith.
The nozzle cover also includes a radially outwardly extending flange
150
defining an annular surface
152
having formed therein a plurality of spaced recesses
154
, the configuration and spacing of which is similar to that of recesses
74
in surface
72
as seen in FIG.
3
. Recesses
154
cooperate with the projections
130
to provide engaging portions which are longitudinally spaced from one another in the first longitudinal position of nozzle cover
140
as seen in FIG.
14
.
Nozzle cover
140
also includes a longitudinally extending flange
160
extending in overlying relationship to flange
126
of the nozzle cap. Flange
160
has a snap bead
162
formed on the inner surface thereof, snap bead
162
being disposed between snap beads
132
and
134
as shown in
FIG. 14
to provide a retaining means for holding the nozzle cover in a given longitudinal position relative to the nozzle cap. In this position, the engaging portions
130
and
154
are disposed in spaced relationship to one another. This is the child resistant position such that a child cannot gain access of the outer surface of flange
126
of the nozzle cap, and any rotation of the nozzle cover will not cause rotation of the nozzle cap. In this position, the nozzle cover can freely rotate relative to the nozzle cap about its central axis.
When it is desired to rotate the nozzle cap to one of its ON positions, the engaging portions must be aligned with one another, and the nozzle cover must be pushed toward the pump body to cause snap bead
162
to jump over snap bead
132
to bring the engaging portions into contact with one another. The nozzle cap can then be rotated into the ON position shown in
FIG. 15
wherein the nozzle assembly operates in a spray mode. If it is desired to operate the nozzle assembly in a foam mode, the nozzle cover can be pulled straight out to cause snap bead
162
to jump over snap bead
132
so that the components are disposed in the position shown in FIG.
16
. Upon trigger actuation, the conical spray issuing through orifice
124
impacts against the wall of opening
144
thereby creating and concentrating a foam as the spray particles mix with air as aspirated through openings
146
.
If it is then desired to return the nozzle cap to an OFF position, The nozzle cover is then moved back into the position shown in
FIG. 15
, whereupon the nozzle cap can be rotated back into the position shown in
FIG. 14
so that the nozzle assembly is again child resistant.
The present invention has been described with reference to a nozzle cap snap fitted to nozzle portion
30
of the dispenser body for rotation between ON and OFF positions without axial displacement, although other type nozzle caps can be rendered child-resistant without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the nozzle cap can otherwise be internally threaded for engagement with external threads on nozzle portion
30
such that the cap is axially displaced upon rotation between ON and OFF positions. Such a threaded cap is well known in this art and therefore need not be detailed here.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are made possible in the light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
Claims
- 1. A fluid dispenser including a dispenser body, a child-resistant nozzle assembly comprising a nozzle cap having a longitudinal axis and being supported on said body against axial movement along said axis and for rotation about said longitudinal axis between ON and OFF positions of said nozzle cap, a nozzle cover disposed in surrounding relationship to said nozzle cap and being rotatable about said longitudinal axis with respect to said nozzle cap, said nozzle cover also being movable along said longitudinal axis relative to said nozzle cap, said nozzle cap and said nozzle cover having engaging portions thereon which are longitudinally spaced apart in a first longitudinal position of said nozzle cover relative to said nozzle cap to prevent rotation of said nozzle cap by rotation of said nozzle cover, said engaging portions engaging one another in a second longitudinal position of said nozzle cover relative to said nozzle cap to enable rotation of said nozzle cap by rotation of said nozzle cover.
- 2. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein said nozzle cap is provided with a first annular surface and said nozzle cover is provided with a second annular surface, said annular surfaces confronting one another, one of said annular surfaces having projections formed thereon, and the other of said annular surfaces having recesses formed thereon for receiving said projections.
- 3. A dispenser as defined in claim 2, wherein said projections and said recesses have engageable surfaces formed thereon, one of said projections and said recesses sloping at an angle with respect to said annular surfaces.
- 4. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein said nozzle cover is moved away from said body when the nozzle cover is moved into said first position and is moved toward said body when the nozzle cover is moved into said second position.
- 5. A dispenser as defined in claim 4, wherein said nozzle cap includes an inner end portion and an outer end portion, the engaging portions on said nozzle cap being disposed adjacent said inner end portion of the nozzle cap.
- 6. A dispenser as defined in claim 4, wherein said nozzle cap includes an inner end portion and an outer end portion, the engaging portions of said nozzle cap being disposed adjacent said outer end portion of the nozzle cap.
- 7. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein said nozzle cover is moved toward said body when the nozzle cover is moved into said first position and is moved away from said body when the nozzle cover is moved into said second position.
- 8. A dispenser as defined in claim 7, wherein said nozzle cap includes an inner end portion, an outer end portion and an intermediate portion therebetween, the engaging portions of said nozzle cap being disposed at said intermediate portion of the nozzle.
- 9. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, wherein said nozzle cap includes an outer surface having indicia formed thereon, said nozzle cover being formed of transparent or translucent material so that the indicia may be readily viewed in any position of the nozzle cover.
- 10. A dispenser as defined in claim 9, wherein said nozzle cover includes a plurality of lens portions for magnifying said indicia to enhance viewing thereof.
- 11. A dispenser as defined in claim 1, including retaining means formed on said nozzle cap and said nozzle cover for retaining said nozzle cover in said first and second longitudinal positions of said nozzle cover.
- 12. A dispenser as defined in claim 11, wherein said nozzle cover has air aspiration openings formed therethrough for introducing air into the nozzle cover for creating a foam discharge when the dispenser is actuated.
- 13. A dispenser as defined in claim 12, wherein said retaining means is adapted to retain said nozzle cover in said first position after said nozzle has been rotated by said nozzle cover to provide a foam discharge when the dispenser is actuated.
- 14. A dispenser as defined in claim 11, wherein said retaining means is adapted to retain said nozzle cover in said second position after said nozzle has been rotated by said nozzle cover to provide a spray discharge when the dispenser is actuated.
- 15. A dispenser as defined in claim 11, wherein said retaining means comprises cooperating interengaging snap beads formed on said nozzle cap and said nozzle cover.
US Referenced Citations (15)