Patent Application
20090109262
An inkjet printing system, as one embodiment of a fluid ejection system, may include a printhead, an ink supply which supplies liquid ink to the printhead, and an electronic controller which controls the printhead. The printhead, as one embodiment of a fluid ejection device, ejects drops of ink through a plurality of nozzles or orifices and toward a print medium, such as a sheet of paper, so as to print onto the print medium. Typically, the orifices are arranged in one or more columns or arrays such that properly sequenced ejection of ink from the orifices causes characters or other images to be printed upon the print medium as the printhead and the print medium are moved relative to each other.
One type of printhead includes a piezoelectrically actuated printhead. The piezoelectrically actuated printhead includes a substrate defining a fluid chamber, a flexible membrane supported by the substrate over the fluid chamber, and an actuator provided on the flexible membrane. In one arrangement, the actuator includes a piezoelectric material which deforms when an electrical voltage is applied. As such, when the piezoelectric material deforms, the flexible membrane deflects thereby causing ejection of fluid from the fluid chamber and through an orifice or nozzle communicated with the fluid chamber.
One way to increase orifice or nozzle density or pitch is by reducing a width or distance between sidewalls of the fluid chamber. Reducing the width or distance between sidewalls of the fluid chamber, however, narrows the support for the flexible membrane thereby demanding an increased drive voltage for the actuator due to the greater stiffness of the flexible membrane. Thus, to operate the actuator with the same drive voltage, the flexible membrane is often made thinner. Making the flexible membrane thinner, however, increases strain on the flexible membrane near the sidewalls of the fluid chamber. For these and other reasons, there is a need for the present invention.
One aspect of the present invention provides a fluid ejection device. The fluid ejection device includes a fluid chamber having a first sidewall and a second sidewall, a flexible membrane extended over the fluid chamber and supported at an end of the first sidewall and an end of the second sidewall, an actuator provided on the flexible membrane, a first gap provided between the flexible membrane and the end of the first sidewall, and a second gap provided between the flexible membrane and the end of the second sidewall, and compliant material provided within the first gap and within the second gap. As such, the actuator is adapted to deflect the flexible membrane relative to the fluid chamber.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. In this regard, directional terminology, such as “top,” “bottom,” “front,” “back,” “leading,” “trailing,” etc., is used with reference to the orientation of the Figure(s) being described. Because components of embodiments of the present invention can be positioned in a number of different orientations, the directional terminology is used for purposes of illustration and is in no way limiting. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Printhead assembly 12, as one embodiment of a fluid ejection device, is formed according to an embodiment of the present invention and ejects drops of ink, including one or more colored inks, through a plurality of orifices or nozzles 13. While the following description refers to the ejection of ink from printhead assembly 12, it is understood that other liquids, fluids, or flowable materials may be ejected from printhead assembly 12.
In one embodiment, the drops are directed toward a medium, such as print medium 19, so as to print onto print medium 19. Typically, nozzles 13 are arranged in one or more columns or arrays such that properly sequenced ejection of ink from nozzles 13 causes, in one embodiment, characters, symbols, and/or other graphics or images to be printed upon print medium 19 as printhead assembly 12 and print medium 19 are moved relative to each other.
Print medium 19 includes, for example, paper, card stock, envelopes, labels, transparent film, cardboard, rigid panels, and the like. In one embodiment, print medium 19 is a continuous form or continuous web print medium 19. As such, print medium 19 may include a continuous roll of unprinted paper.
Ink supply assembly 14, as one embodiment of a fluid supply, supplies ink to printhead assembly 12 and includes a reservoir 15 for storing ink. As such, ink flows from reservoir 15 to printhead assembly 12. In one embodiment, ink supply assembly 14 and printhead assembly 12 form a recirculating ink delivery system. As such, ink flows back to reservoir 15 from printhead assembly 12. In one embodiment, printhead assembly 12 and ink supply assembly 14 are housed together in an inkjet or fluidjet cartridge or pen. In another embodiment, ink supply assembly 14 is separate from printhead assembly 12 and supplies ink to printhead assembly 12 through an interface connection, such as a supply tube (not shown).
Mounting assembly 16 positions printhead assembly 12 relative to media transport assembly 18, and media transport assembly 18 positions print medium 19 relative to printhead assembly 12. As such, a print zone 17 within which printhead assembly 12 deposits ink drops is defined adjacent to nozzles 13 in an area between printhead assembly 12 and print medium 19. Print medium 19 is advanced through print zone 17 during printing by media transport assembly 18.
In one embodiment, printhead assembly 12 is a scanning type printhead assembly, and mounting assembly 16 moves printhead assembly 12 relative to media transport assembly 18 and print medium 19 during printing of a swath on print medium 19. In another embodiment, printhead assembly 12 is a non-scanning type printhead assembly, and mounting assembly 16 fixes printhead assembly 12 at a prescribed position relative to media transport assembly 18 during printing of a swath on print medium 19 as media transport assembly 18 advances print medium 19 past the prescribed position.
Electronic controller 20 communicates with printhead assembly 12, mounting assembly 16, and media transport assembly 18. Electronic controller 20 receives data 21 from a host system, such as a computer, and includes memory for temporarily storing data 21. Typically, data 21 is sent to inkjet printing system 10 along an electronic, infrared, optical or other information transfer path. Data 21 represents, for example, a document and/or file to be printed. As such, data 21 forms a print job for inkjet printing system 10 and includes one or more print job commands and/or command parameters.
In one embodiment, electronic controller 20 provides control of printhead assembly 12 including timing control for ejection of ink drops from nozzles 13. As such, electronic controller 20 defines a pattern of ejected ink drops which form characters, symbols, and/or other graphics or images on print medium 19. Timing control and, therefore, the pattern of ejected ink drops, is determined by the print job commands and/or command parameters. In one embodiment, logic and drive circuitry forming a portion of electronic controller 20 is located on printhead assembly 12. In another embodiment, logic and drive circuitry forming a portion of electronic controller 20 is located off printhead assembly 12.
In one embodiment, substrate 120 has a plurality of fluid chambers 122 defined therein. In one embodiment, fluid chambers 122 are defined by sidewalls 124 of substrate 120. Fluid chambers 122 communicate with a supply of fluid such that fluid within fluid chamber 122 is ejected from fluid chambers 122 through orifices or nozzles 13 (
In one embodiment, substrate 120 is a silicon substrate and fluid chambers 122 are formed in substrate 120 using photolithography and etching techniques.
As illustrated in the embodiment of
In one embodiment, flexible membrane 130 is formed of a flexible material such as, for example, a flexible thin film of silicon nitride or silicon carbide, or a flexible thin layer of silicon. In one exemplary embodiment, flexible membrane 130 is formed of glass. In one embodiment, flexible membrane 130 is attached to substrate 120 by anodic bonding or similar techniques.
As illustrated in the embodiment to
In one embodiment, actuators 140 are provided or formed on a side of flexible membrane 130 opposite fluid chambers 122. As such, actuators 140 are not in direct contact with fluid contained within fluid chambers 122. Thus, potential affects of fluid contacting actuators 140, such as corrosion or electrical shorting, are reduced.
In one embodiment, actuators 140 include a piezoelectric material which changes shape, for example, expands and/or contracts, in response to an electrical signal. Thus, in response to the electrical signal, actuators 140 apply a force to respective flexible membrane portions 132 which cause flexible membrane portions 132 to deflect. Examples of a piezoelectric material include zinc oxide or a piezoceramic material such as barium titanate, lead zirconium titanate (PZT), or lead lanthanum zirconium titanate (PLZT). It is understood that actuators 140 may include any type of device which causes movement or deflection of flexible membrane portions 132 including, for example, an electrostatic, magnetostatic, and/or thermal expansion actuator.
In one embodiment, actuators 140 are formed from a single or common piezoelectric material. More specifically, the single or common piezoelectric material is provided on flexible membrane 130, and selective portions of the piezoelectric material are removed such that the remaining portions of the piezoelectric material define actuators 140.
As illustrated in the embodiment of
Although a single post or support 128 is illustrated as extending from a respective end 126 of each sidewall 124, it is within the scope of the present invention for one or more posts or supports 128 to extend from a respective end 126 of each sidewall 124. In addition, although posts or supports 128 are illustrated as extending from a center of sidewalls 124, it is within the scope of the present invention for posts or supports 128 to be offset from a center of a respective sidewall 124.
In one embodiment, sidewalls 124 have a width W and supports 128 have a height H. In addition, gaps 150 have a width w and a depth d. In one embodiment, width w of gaps 150 is less than width W of sidewalls 124, and depth d of gaps 150 is equal to or corresponds to height H of supports 128. In one embodiment, height H of supports 128 and, therefore, depth d of gaps 150 is less than 100× a maximum distance of displacement or deflection of flexible membrane 130. In one exemplary embodiment, for example, a maximum distance of displacement or deflection of flexible membrane 130 is approximately 0.1 microns. Thus, in one exemplary embodiment, height H of supports 128 and, therefore, depth d of gaps 150 is less than approximately 10 microns.
By supporting flexible membrane 130 by supports 128 and providing gaps 150 between flexible membrane 130 and ends 126 of sidewalls 124, a supported width of flexible membrane 130, referred to herein as the effective width (WEFF) of flexible membrane 130, is increased relative to a width (WFC) of fluid chambers 122 as defined between sidewalls 124. For example, the effective width of flexible membrane 130 is increased by 2× width w of gaps 150. By increasing the effective width of flexible membrane 130, displacement of flexible membrane 130 may also be increased. As such, a desired displacement of flexible membrane 130 may be achieved with a reduced or narrower distance between sidewalls 124. Accordingly, fluid chambers 122, and their associated orifices or nozzles, may be positioned closer together thereby enabling higher orifice or nozzle density. In addition, width W of sidewalls 124 may be maintained thereby minimizing or avoiding mechanical cross-talk between adjacent fluid chambers 122.
In one embodiment, as illustrated in
As illustrated in the embodiment of
In one exemplary embodiment, compliant material 160 is formed by a polymer coating, such as parylene, vapor deposited to fill gaps 150. In one exemplary embodiment, with a width of fluid chambers 122 being approximately 410 microns, width W of sidewalls 124 being approximately 100 microns, a thickness of flexible membrane 130 being approximately 50 microns, and a thickness of actuators 140 being approximately 45 microns, thickness T of compliant material 160 is in a range of approximately 5 microns to approximately 10 microns, and length L of compliant material 160 is approximately 37 microns.
As illustrated in the embodiment of
As illustrated in the embodiment of
In one embodiment, supports 138 have a height H′ and, similar to that illustrated and described above with reference to
Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that a variety of alternate and/or equivalent implementations may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown and described without departing from the scope of the present invention. This application is intended to cover any adaptations or variations of the specific embodiments discussed herein. Therefore, it is intended that this invention be limited only by the claims and the equivalents thereof.
