Patent Application
20240033131
The invention set forth in the appended claims relates generally to tissue treatment systems and more particularly, but without limitation, to apparatuses and methods for providing fluid instillation therapy in a negative-pressure system that incorporates wireless therapy monitoring of both.
Clinical studies and practice have shown that reducing pressure in proximity to a tissue site can augment and accelerate growth of new tissue at the tissue site. The applications of this phenomenon are numerous, but it has proven particularly advantageous for treating wounds. Regardless of the etiology of a wound, whether trauma, surgery, or another cause, proper care of the wound is important to the outcome. Treatment of wounds or other tissue with reduced pressure may be commonly referred to as “negative-pressure therapy,” but is also known by other names, including “negative-pressure wound therapy,” “reduced-pressure therapy,” “vacuum therapy,” “vacuum-assisted closure,” and “topical negative-pressure,” for example. Negative-pressure therapy may provide a number of benefits, including migration of epithelial and subcutaneous tissues, improved blood flow, and micro-deformation of tissue at a wound site. Together, these benefits can increase development of granulation tissue and reduce healing times.
There is also widespread acceptance that cleansing a tissue site can be highly beneficial for new tissue growth. For example, a wound can be washed out with a stream of liquid solution, or a cavity can be washed out using a liquid solution for therapeutic purposes. These practices are commonly referred to as “irrigation” and “lavage” respectively. “Instillation” is another practice that generally refers to a process of slowly introducing fluid to a tissue site and leaving the fluid for a prescribed period of time before removing the fluid. For example, instillation of topical treatment solutions over a wound bed can be combined with negative-pressure therapy to further promote wound healing by loosening soluble contaminants in a wound bed and removing infectious material. As a result, soluble bacterial burden can be decreased, contaminants removed, and the wound cleansed.
While the clinical benefits of negative-pressure therapy and instillation therapy are widely known, improvements to therapy systems, components, and processes may benefit healthcare providers and patients.
New and useful systems, apparatuses, and methods for instilling fluid to a tissue site in a negative-pressure therapy environment are set forth in the appended claims. Illustrative embodiments are also provided to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the claimed subject matter. Some embodiments are illustrative of an apparatus or system for delivering therapeutic solution of fluids to a tissue site, which can be used in conjunction with negative-pressure therapy. For example, an apparatus may include a pneumatically-actuated instillation pump that can draw a solution from a solution source during a negative-pressure interval, and instill the solution to a dressing during a venting interval.
In some embodiments, for example, a pneumatic actuator may be mechanically coupled to a disposable distribution system. The distribution system may generally comprise a dosing chamber, and one or more fluid conductors that can provide a fluid path between the dosing chamber and a solution source, and between the dosing chamber and a distribution component, such as a dressing or dressing interface. One or more fluid conductors may also provide a fluid path between the actuator and a distribution component. A bacterial filter may be disposed in the fluid path between the actuator and the distribution component to prevent contamination of the actuator during operation. The distribution system may be separated from the actuator and disposed of after operation, and the actuator may be re-used.
More generally, some embodiments of an apparatus for managing fluid in a system for negative-pressure therapy may include a dosing chamber having a dosing inlet and a dosing outlet. A first check valve may be fluidly coupled to the dosing inlet, and a second check valve may be fluidly coupled to the dosing outlet. A first fluid conductor can be fluidly coupled to the second check valve and a fluid port. A second fluid conductor can be fluidly coupled to the fluid port and a fluid fitting that can be configured to be coupled to a negative-pressure source. A filter can be fluidly coupled to the second fluid conductor between the fluid port and the fluid fitting to prevent contamination of other components in the system. The fluid port may comprise a dressing pad configured to provide fluid to the tissue site. In some embodiments, the dressing pad can be configured to fluidly couple the first conductor to the second conductor. The apparatus may further comprise a control valve fluidly coupled to the first fluid conductor. The apparatus may further include a liquid coupling, such as a spike connector, configured to couple the dosing chamber to a solution source. In some embodiments, the apparatus may additionally or alternatively include a solution source.
In a more specific example embodiment, an apparatus for managing fluids in a system for providing negative-pressure therapy and instillation therapy to a tissue site, the apparatus may comprise a dosing valve having a dosing chamber including a dosing inlet and a dosing outlet. The dosing valve may also have a working chamber including a biasing element operably engaged to the dosing chamber and configured to be actuated by pressure changes in the working chamber to expand and contract the dosing chamber. The apparatus may further comprise a first check valve fluidly coupled to the dosing inlet and configured to be coupled by a first fluid conductor to a source of instillation solution. The apparatus may also comprise a second check valve fluidly coupled to the dosing outlet, and a fluid port fluidly coupled to the second check valve by a second fluid conductor. The apparatus may further comprise a fluid fitting fluidly coupled to the working chamber by a third fluid conductor and coupled to the fluid port by a fourth fluid conductor, wherein the fluid fitting may be configured to be coupled to a negative-pressure source for providing negative pressure.
In some example embodiments, the apparatus may further a wireless transceiver configured to communicate with a controller in the system, and at least one sensor coupled to the wireless transceiver to provide a signal indicative of an operating condition of the dosing valve, wherein the wireless transceiver is configured to communicate the at least one signal to the controller. In some example embodiments, the at least one sensor may be disposed within the working chamber to provide a charging signal indicative of pressure changes within the working chamber, wherein the wireless transceiver is configured to communicate the charging signal to the controller. In some other example embodiments, the at least one sensor may be disposed between the source of instillation solution and the dosing input of the dosing chamber to provide a fluid supply signal indicative of the amount of instillation solution within the source of instillation solution, wherein the wireless transceiver is configured to communicate the fluid supply signal to the controller. In yet other example embodiments, the at least one sensor may be disposed adjacent the dosing chamber to provide a fluid dosing signal indicative of the dosage of instillation solution provided by the dosing valve, wherein the wireless transceiver is configured to communicate the fluid dosing signal to the controller.
In some example embodiments, the dosing valve may further comprise a diaphragm disposed therein to separate the dosing chamber from the working chamber, and a biasing element disposed within the working chamber that may be operably engaged to the dosing chamber. In some embodiments, the biasing element may be a spring or a linear actuator biased against the diaphragm for motivating the diaphragm. In some embodiments, the apparatus may comprise further comprising a wireless transceiver and a linear actuator wherein the linear actuator is coupled to the wireless transceiver and actuated by a controller in the system configured to be coupled to the wireless transceiver. In some other embodiments, the linear actuator may comprise a feedback mechanism to provide a position signal indicative of the position of the diaphragm and the dosage of instillation solution selected to be provided by the dosing valve, and wherein the wireless transceiver is configured to communicate the position signal to the controller.
In another specific example embodiment, a system for providing negative-pressure and instillation to a tissue site may comprise a negative-pressure device and an instillation device. The negative-pressure device may comprise a negative-pressure source and a controller electrically coupled to the negative-pressure source, and the controller may be configured to turn on the negative-pressure source during a negative-pressure interval and turn off the negative-pressure source during an instillation interval. The instillation device may comprise a dosing valve having a dosing chamber including a dosing outlet configured to be fluidly coupled to a fluid port and a dosing inlet configured to be fluidly coupled to a source of instillation solution. The dosing valve may also have a working chamber including a biasing element operably engaged to the dosing chamber and configured to be fluidly coupled to the negative-pressure source. In some embodiments of the system, the instillation device may further comprise a wireless transceiver configured to communicate with the controller, and at least one sensor coupled to the wireless transceiver to provide a signal indicative of an operating condition of the dosing valve, and wherein the wireless transceiver is configured to communicate the at least one signal to the controller.
In another specific example embodiment, a method for managing fluid in a therapy system may include fluidly coupling an apparatus or system as described above to a dressing, which can be applied to a tissue site. Negative pressure may be applied to the tissue site for a first interval, during which time the instillation solution may be drawn into the dosing chamber, and then vented from the tissue site for a second interval, during which time the instillation solution can be delivered from the apparatus or system to the tissue site. In some embodiments, the method may further comprise sensing at least one signal indicative of an operating condition of the dosing valve, and communicating the at least one signal to the controller.
Objectives, advantages, and a preferred mode of making and using the claimed subject matter may be understood best by reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments.
The following description of example embodiments provides information that enables a person skilled in the art to make and use the subject matter set forth in the appended claims, but may omit certain details already well-known in the art. The following detailed description is, therefore, to be taken as illustrative and not limiting.
The example embodiments may also be described herein with reference to spatial relationships between various elements or to the spatial orientation of various elements depicted in the attached drawings. In general, such relationships or orientation assume a frame of reference consistent with or relative to a patient in a position to receive treatment. However, as should be recognized by those skilled in the art, this frame of reference is merely a descriptive expedient rather than a strict prescription.
The term “tissue site” in this context broadly refers to a wound, defect, or other treatment target located on or within tissue, including but not limited to, bone tissue, adipose tissue, muscle tissue, neural tissue, dermal tissue, vascular tissue, connective tissue, cartilage, tendons, or ligaments. A wound may include chronic, acute, traumatic, subacute, and dehisced wounds, partial-thickness burns, ulcers (such as diabetic, pressure, or venous insufficiency ulcers), flaps, and grafts, for example. The term “tissue site” may also refer to areas of any tissue that are not necessarily wounded or defective, but are instead areas in which it may be desirable to add or promote the growth of additional tissue. For example, negative pressure may be applied to a tissue site to grow additional tissue that may be harvested and transplanted.
In some embodiments, another distribution component, such as a dressing interface, may facilitate coupling the negative-pressure source 104 to the dressing 102. For example, a dressing interface may be a T.R.A.C.® Pad or Sensa T.R.A.C.® Pad available from KCl of San Antonio, Texas. The therapy system 100 may optionally include a fluid container, such as a container 112, coupled to the dressing 102 and to the negative-pressure source 104 such as, for example, by fluid conductors 132 and 134, respectively.
The therapy system 100 may also include a source of instillation solution, such as a solution source 114. A distribution component may be fluidly coupled to a fluid path between a solution source and a tissue site in some embodiments. For example, an instillation pump 116 may be coupled to the solution source 114, as illustrated in the example embodiment of
Additionally, the therapy system 100 may include sensors to measure operating parameters and provide feedback signals to the controller 110 indicative of the operating parameters. As illustrated in
Components may be fluidly coupled to each other to provide a distribution system for transferring fluids (i.e., liquid and/or gas). For example, a distribution system may include various combinations of fluid conductors and fittings to facilitate fluid coupling. A fluid conductor generally includes any structure with one or more lumina adapted to convey a fluid between two ends, such as a tube, pipe, hose, or conduit. Typically, a fluid conductor is an elongated, cylindrical structure with some flexibility, but the geometry and rigidity may vary. Some fluid conductors may be molded into or otherwise integrally combined with other components. A fitting can be used to mechanically and fluidly couple components to each other. For example, a fitting may comprise a projection and an aperture. The projection may be configured to be inserted into a fluid conductor so that the aperture aligns with a lumen of the fluid conductor. A valve is a type of fitting that can be used to control fluid flow. For example, a check valve can be used to substantially prevent return flow. A port is another example of a fitting. A port may also have a projection, which may be threaded, flared, tapered, barbed, or otherwise configured to provide a fluid seal when coupled to a component.
In some embodiments, components may also be coupled by virtue of physical proximity, being integral to a single structure, or being formed from the same piece of material. Coupling may also include mechanical, thermal, electrical, or chemical coupling (such as a chemical bond) in some contexts. For example, a tube may mechanically and fluidly couple the dressing 102 to the container 112 in some embodiments. In general, components of the therapy system 100 may be coupled directly or indirectly. For example, the negative-pressure source 104 may be directly coupled to the controller 110, and may be indirectly coupled to the dressing 102 through the container 112.
The fluid mechanics of using a negative-pressure source to reduce pressure in another component or location, such as within a sealed therapeutic environment, can be mathematically complex. However, the basic principles of fluid mechanics applicable to negative-pressure therapy and instillation are generally well-known to those skilled in the art, and the process of reducing pressure may be described illustratively herein as “delivering,” “distributing,” or “generating” negative pressure, for example.
In general, exudates and other fluids flow toward lower pressure along a fluid path. Thus, the term “downstream” typically implies something in a fluid path relatively closer to a source of negative pressure or further away from a source of positive pressure. Conversely, the term “upstream” implies something relatively further away from a source of negative pressure or closer to a source of positive pressure. Similarly, it may be convenient to describe certain features in terms of fluid “inlet” or “outlet” in such a frame of reference. This orientation is generally presumed for purposes of describing various features and components herein. However, the fluid path may also be reversed in some applications (such as by substituting a positive-pressure source for a negative-pressure source) and this descriptive convention should not be construed as a limiting convention.
“Negative pressure” generally refers to a pressure less than a local ambient pressure, such as the ambient pressure in a local environment external to a sealed therapeutic environment provided by the dressing 102. In many cases, the local ambient pressure may also be the atmospheric pressure at which a tissue site is located. Alternatively, the pressure may be less than a hydrostatic pressure associated with tissue at the tissue site. Unless otherwise indicated, values of pressure stated herein are gauge pressures. Similarly, references to increases in negative pressure typically refer to a decrease in absolute pressure, while decreases in negative pressure typically refer to an increase in absolute pressure. While the amount and nature of negative pressure applied to a tissue site may vary according to therapeutic requirements, the pressure is generally a low vacuum, also commonly referred to as a rough vacuum, between −5 mm Hg (−667 Pa) and −500 mm Hg (−66.7 kPa). Common therapeutic ranges are between −75 mm Hg (−9.9 kPa) and −300 mm Hg (−39.9 kPa).
A negative-pressure supply, such as the negative-pressure source 104, may be a reservoir of air at a negative pressure, or may be a manual or electrically-powered device that can reduce the pressure in a sealed volume, such as a vacuum pump, a suction pump, a wall suction port available at many healthcare facilities, or a micro-pump, for example. A negative-pressure supply may be housed within or used in conjunction with other components, such as sensors, processing units, alarm indicators, memory, databases, software, display devices, or user interfaces that further facilitate therapy. For example, in some embodiments, the negative-pressure source 104 may be combined with the controller 110 and other components into a therapy unit. A negative-pressure supply may also have one or more supply ports configured to facilitate coupling and de-coupling the negative-pressure supply to one or more distribution components.
The tissue interface 108 can be generally adapted to contact a tissue site. The tissue interface 108 may be partially or fully in contact with the tissue site. If the tissue site is a wound, for example, the tissue interface 108 may partially or completely fill the wound, or may be placed over the wound. The tissue interface 108 may take many forms, and may have many sizes, shapes, or thicknesses depending on a variety of factors, such as the type of treatment being implemented or the nature and size of a tissue site. For example, the size and shape of the tissue interface 108 may be adapted to the contours of deep and irregular shaped tissue sites. Moreover, any or all of the surfaces of the tissue interface 108 may have projections or an uneven, course, or jagged profile that can induce strains and stresses on a tissue site, which can promote granulation at the tissue site.
In some embodiments, the tissue interface 108 may be a manifold. A “manifold” in this context generally includes any substance or structure providing a plurality of pathways adapted to collect or distribute fluid across a tissue site under pressure. For example, a manifold may be adapted to receive negative pressure from a source and distribute negative pressure through multiple apertures across a tissue site, which may have the effect of collecting fluid from across a tissue site and drawing the fluid toward the source. In some embodiments, the fluid path may be reversed or a secondary fluid path may be provided to facilitate delivering fluid across a tissue site.
In some illustrative embodiments, the pathways of a manifold may be interconnected to improve distribution or collection of fluids across a tissue site. In some illustrative embodiments, a manifold may be a porous foam material having interconnected cells or pores. For example, cellular foam, open-cell foam, reticulated foam, porous tissue collections, and other porous material such as gauze or felted mat generally include pores, edges, and/or walls adapted to form interconnected fluid channels. Liquids, gels, and other foams may also include or be cured to include apertures and fluid pathways. In some embodiments, a manifold may additionally or alternatively comprise projections that form interconnected fluid pathways. For example, a manifold may be molded to provide surface projections that define interconnected fluid pathways.
The average pore size of a foam may vary according to needs of a prescribed therapy. For example, in some embodiments, the tissue interface 108 may be a foam having pore sizes in a range of 400-600 microns. The tensile strength of the tissue interface 108 may also vary according to needs of a prescribed therapy. For example, the tensile strength of a foam may be increased for instillation of topical treatment solutions. In one non-limiting example, the tissue interface 108 may be an open-cell, reticulated polyurethane foam such as GranuFoam® dressing or VeraFlo® foam, both available from Kinetic Concepts, Inc. of San Antonio, Texas.
The tissue interface 108 may be either hydrophobic or hydrophilic. In an example in which the tissue interface 108 may be hydrophilic, the tissue interface 108 may also wick fluid away from a tissue site, while continuing to distribute negative pressure to the tissue site. The wicking properties of the tissue interface 108 may draw fluid away from a tissue site by capillary flow or other wicking mechanisms. An example of a hydrophilic foam is a polyvinyl alcohol, open-cell foam such as V.A.C. WhiteFoam® dressing available from Kinetic Concepts, Inc. of San Antonio, Texas. Other hydrophilic foams may include those made from polyether. Other foams that may exhibit hydrophilic characteristics include hydrophobic foams that have been treated or coated to provide hydrophilicity.
The tissue interface 108 may further promote granulation at a tissue site when pressure within the sealed therapeutic environment is reduced. For example, any or all of the surfaces of the tissue interface 108 may have an uneven, coarse, or jagged profile that can induce microstrains and stresses at a tissue site if negative pressure is applied through the tissue interface 108.
In some embodiments, the tissue interface 108 may be constructed from bioresorbable materials. Suitable bioresorbable materials may include, without limitation, a polymeric blend of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA). The polymeric blend may also include without limitation polycarbonates, polyfumarates, and capralactones. The tissue interface 108 may further serve as a scaffold for new cell-growth, or a scaffold material may be used in conjunction with the tissue interface 108 to promote cell-growth. A scaffold is generally a substance or structure used to enhance or promote the growth of cells or formation of tissue, such as a three-dimensional porous structure that provides a template for cell growth. Illustrative examples of scaffold materials include calcium phosphate, collagen, PLA/PGA, coral hydroxy apatites, carbonates, or processed allograft materials.
In some embodiments, the cover 106 may provide a bacterial barrier and protection from physical trauma. The cover 106 may also be constructed from a material that can reduce evaporative losses and provide a fluid seal between two components or two environments, such as between a therapeutic environment and a local external environment. The cover 106 may be, for example, an elastomeric film or membrane that can provide a seal adequate to maintain a negative pressure at a tissue site for a given negative-pressure source. The cover 106 may have a high moisture-vapor transmission rate (MVTR) in some applications. For example, the MVTR may be at least 300 g/m{circumflex over ( )}2 per twenty-four hours in some embodiments. In some example embodiments, the cover 106 may be a polymer drape, such as a polyurethane film, that is permeable to water vapor but impermeable to liquid. Such drapes typically have a thickness in the range of 25-50 microns. For permeable materials, the permeability generally should be low enough that a desired negative pressure may be maintained.
An attachment device may be used to attach the cover 106 to an attachment surface, such as undamaged epidermis, a gasket, or another cover. The attachment device may take many forms. For example, an attachment device may be a medically-acceptable, pressure-sensitive adhesive that extends about a periphery, a portion, or an entire sealing member. In some embodiments, for example, some or all of the cover 106 may be coated with an acrylic adhesive having a coating weight between 25-65 grams per square meter (g.s.m.). Thicker adhesives, or combinations of adhesives, may be applied in some embodiments to improve the seal and reduce leaks. Other example embodiments of an attachment device may include a double-sided tape, paste, hydrocolloid, hydrogel, silicone gel, or organogel.
A controller, such as the controller 110, may be a microprocessor or computer programmed to operate one or more components of the therapy system 100, such as the negative-pressure source 104. In some embodiments, for example, the controller 110 may be a microcontroller, which generally comprises an integrated circuit containing a processor core and a memory programmed to directly or indirectly control one or more operating parameters of the therapy system 100. Operating parameters may include the power applied to the negative-pressure source 104, the pressure generated by the negative-pressure source 104, or the pressure distributed to the tissue interface 108, for example. The controller 110 is also preferably configured to receive one or more input signals, such as a feedback signal, and programmed to modify one or more operating parameters based on the input signals.
Sensors, such as the pressure sensor 122 or the supply sensor 124, are generally known in the art as any apparatus operable to detect or measure a physical phenomenon or property, and generally provide a signal indicative of the phenomenon or property that is detected or measured. For example, the pressure sensor 122 and the supply sensor 124 may be configured to measure one or more operating parameters of the therapy system 100. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 122 may be a transducer configured to measure pressure in a pneumatic pathway and convert the measurement to a signal indicative of the pressure measured. In some embodiments, for example, the pressure sensor 122 may be a piezoresistive strain gauge. The supply sensor 124 may optionally measure operating parameters of the negative-pressure source 104, such as the voltage or current, in some embodiments. Preferably, the signals from the pressure sensor 122 and the supply sensor 124 are suitable as an input signal to the controller 110, but some signal conditioning may be appropriate in some embodiments. For example, the signal may need to be filtered or amplified before it can be processed by the controller 110. Typically, the signal is an electrical signal, but may be represented in other forms, such as an optical signal.
The container 112 is representative of a container, canister, pouch, or other storage component, which can be used to manage exudates and other fluids withdrawn from a tissue site. In many environments, a rigid container may be preferred or required for collecting, storing, and disposing of fluids. In other environments, fluids may be properly disposed of without rigid container storage, and a re-usable container could reduce waste and costs associated with negative-pressure therapy.
The solution source 114 may also be representative of a container, canister, pouch, bag, or other storage component, which can provide a solution for instillation therapy. Compositions of solutions may vary according to a prescribed therapy, but examples of solutions that may be suitable for some prescriptions include hypochlorite-based solutions, silver nitrate (0.5%), sulfur-based solutions, biguanides, cationic solutions, and isotonic solutions.
In some embodiments, the system 100 may be configured to separate components for receiving, coupling, or transmitting fluids from those components configured as part of a control system that in some embodiments may be a standard or pre-existing device for providing and controlling the application of negative pressure. For example, the system 100 may comprise a negative pressure device such as negative pressure device 101 that may be a pre-existing device including the negative pressure source 104 along with the controller 110, the pressure sensor 122, and the electronic sensors 124 as described above in more detail. The negative pressure device 101 may further comprise other control and/or communication devices that may be associated with additional features of the controller 110. For example, the negative pressure device 101 may include a wireless transceiver (not shown) coupled to the controller 110 for communicating commands and data with other components of the system 100. The system 100 may include an instillation pump such as, for example, the instillation pump 116, the comprises a wireless transceiver 150 coupled to the instillation actuator 118 and the dosing chamber 120 described above that communicates with the wireless transceiver contained within the negative pressure device 101 as indicated by the arrow 151. In some embodiments of negative pressure system such as the system 100 may comprise separate modules that may be integrated including the negative pressure device 101, the container 112, the solution source 114, and the instillation pump 116 all of which may be fluidly coupled to the dressing 102.
In operation, the tissue interface 108 may be placed within, over, on, or otherwise proximate to a tissue site. The cover 106 may be placed over the tissue interface 108 and sealed to an attachment surface near the tissue site. For example, the cover 106 may be sealed to undamaged epidermis peripheral to a tissue site. Thus, the dressing 102 can provide a sealed therapeutic environment proximate to a tissue site, substantially isolated from the external environment, and the negative-pressure source 104 can reduce the pressure in the sealed therapeutic environment. Negative pressure applied across the tissue site through the tissue interface 108 in the sealed therapeutic environment can induce macrostrain and microstrain in the tissue site, as well as remove exudates and other fluids from the tissue site, which can be collected in container 112. In some embodiments, negative pressure may be applied intermittently or periodically, with intervals of negative pressure and intervals of venting or positive pressure.
During negative-pressure intervals, negative pressure can actuate the instillation actuator 118, which can operate the dosing chamber 120. For example, in some embodiments, the instillation actuator 118 can expand the dosing chamber 120 during a negative-pressure interval, lowering pressure in the dosing chamber 120 and drawing instillation solution into the dosing chamber 120 from the solution source 114 through a first check valve, which can substantially prevent return of the instillation solution from the dosing chamber 120 to the solution source 114. During a subsequent venting interval, the instillation actuator 118 can contract the dosing chamber 120, increasing the pressure in the dosing chamber 120 and expelling instillation solution from the dosing chamber 120 through a second check valve to the dressing 102. The second check valve can substantially prevent return of the instillation solution (as well as exudate) to the dosing chamber 120. The instillation solution may dwell at the tissue site for the duration of the venting interval, and then be removed from the tissue site and drawn into the container 112 during a subsequent negative-pressure interval. A filter can be disposed between the instillation actuator 118 and the dressing 102 to prevent contamination of the instillation actuator 118. For example, the filter may be a bacterial filter configured to remove bacteria from fluid flowing through the filter from the dressing 102.
As illustrated in
As further illustrated in
The dosing outlet 230 of the dosing chamber 220 may be fluidly coupled to a second check valve 275, which may be fluidly coupled through a second fluid conductor 277 to a valve such as, for example, a control valve 280. The control valve 280 may comprise a housing enclosing a regulating chamber 281 and a working chamber 282 separated by a rolling diaphragm 283 or other flexible barrier. The rolling diaphragm 283 may comprise a flange 284, which can be coupled to the housing of the control valve 280 to provide a seal between the regulating chamber 281 and the working chamber 282. The regulating chamber 281 may additionally comprise a fluid outlet 285 and a fluid inlet 286 that may be fluidly coupled to the second fluid conductor 277. The regulating chamber 281 may additionally comprise a biasing element, such as a return spring 287 disposed between the diaphragm 283 and that portion of the housing enclosing the regulating chamber 281. The working chamber 282 may comprise a spring 288 disposed between the diaphragm 283 and that portion of the housing enclosing with the regulating chamber 281. The spring 288 can bias the diaphragm 283 toward the fluid outlet 285 in order to close the fluid outlet 285 to put the control valve 280 in a closed state as shown in
The system 100 may comprise a fluid port 290 that is generally configured to fluidly couple various fluid conductors to various distribution components such as, for example, the dressing 102. The fluid port 290 is generally configured to fluidly couple the dressing 102 to other distribution components of the therapy system 100. The dressing 102 may include the cover 106 and the fluid port 290 in some embodiments. The fluid port 290 may comprise one fluid connector in some embodiments and more than one fluid connector in yet other embodiments. In some embodiments, for example, the fluid port 290 may comprise two fluid connectors including an instillation connector 207 for providing instillation liquids to the dressing 102 and a negative pressure connector 209 for providing negative pressure to the dressing 102. For example, the system 100 may further comprise a third fluid conductor 291 having a first end fluidly coupled to the fluid outlet 285 of the control valve 280 and a second end fluidly coupled to the instillation connector 207 of the fluid port 290. The system 100 may further comprise a fourth fluid conductor 292 having a first end fluidly coupled to the negative pressure connector 209 of the fluid port 290 and a second end adapted to be fluidly coupled to a source of negative pressure such as, for example, the negative-pressure source 104. In some embodiments, the fourth fluid conductor 292 may be indirectly coupled to the negative pressure connector 209 by the third fluid conductor 291. In some embodiments, the third fluid conductor 291 may correspond to the fluid conductor 144 and the fourth fluid conductor 292 may correspond to the fluid conductor 132.
A fluid fitting 293 can be coupled to the other end of the fourth fluid conductor 292 opposite the fluid port 290. The fluid fitting 293 may be configured to fluidly couple the fourth fluid conductor 292 to an instillation actuator, such as the instillation actuator 118 and ultimately to a source of negative pressure such as, for example, the negative-pressure source 104. In some embodiments, the fluid fitting 293 may be coupled directly to a source of negative pressure such as, for example, negative-pressure source 104. In other embodiments, the fluid fitting 293 may be coupled indirectly to a source of negative pressure through a container such as, for example, being coupled through the container 112 by the fluid conductors 132 and 134. A bacterial filter 294 may also be coupled to the fourth fluid conductor 292 between the fluid port 290 and the fluid fitting 293.
Referring now to
The example embodiment of the instillation actuator 118 shown in
The rolling diaphragm subassembly 390 further comprises a support disk 391 disposed on an inner portion of the diaphragm 210 facing the dosing chamber 220 and a cylindrical piston 392 disposed on an inner portion of the other side of the diaphragm 210 disposed within the working chamber 325. The diaphragm 210 also comprises an outer portion fixed to the inside of the housing 310 to form the working chamber 325. The rolling diaphragm subassembly 390 further comprises an axle 393 having a first end fixed to the support disk 391 and a second end affixed to an adjustment dial 394 having a shaft 395 extending through the housing 310. In some embodiments, the shaft 395 may be rotationally coupled through a washer 396 to a compressor spindle 397 that engages the spring 335 within the working chamber 325. The compressor spindle 397 may comprise interior threads 398 for receiving the shaft 395 and outwardly extending spokes 399 for engaging the compression spring 335. The adjustment dial 394 may be rotated with respect to the compressor spindle 397 so that the compressor spindle 397 moves axially on the axle 393 against the compression spring 335 to increase or decrease the tension of spring 335 as the spring applies force against the piston 392 to move the diaphragm 312 in order to adjust the size of the dosing chamber 220.
A fluid port 330 may be fluidly coupled to the working chamber 325. A working fluid such as, for example, negative pressure may be provided to the working chamber 325 through the fluid port 330. For example, providing negative pressure to, or venting negative pressure from, the working chamber 325 can cause pressure changes in the working chamber 325. Providing negative pressure to the working chamber 325 may result in movement of the diaphragm 210 between a first position and a second position such as, for example, a first position 211 as shown in
In some embodiments, the instillation actuator 118 may comprise a fifth fluid conductor, such as fifth fluid conductor 362 fluidly coupled to the working chamber 325 through the fluid port 330. In some embodiments, the fifth fluid conductor 362 may be fluidly coupled directly to a source of negative pressure, such as the negative-pressure source 104 through the fluid conductor 136. In some embodiments, the instillation actuator 118 may further comprise a sixth fluid conductor, such as sixth fluid conductor 362 fluidly coupled to the working chamber 250 through the fluid port 256 of the priming valve 240. In some embodiments, the sixth fluid conductor 362 may be fluidly coupled directly to a source of negative pressure, such as the negative-pressure source 104 through the fluid conductor 136. In some embodiments as shown, the fluid conductors 362 and 364 both may be coupled to the negative-pressure source 104 by a T-connector, such as fluid connector 366 which can be fluidly coupled directly to the negative-pressure source 104. A bacterial filter 368 can also be coupled to the fluid conductors 362 and 364 between the fluid ports 256 and 330 and the negative-pressure source 104 to prevent any fluids from flowing into the negative-pressure source 104.
The venting valve 350 may comprise a housing enclosing an ambient chamber 351 and a working chamber 352 separated by a rolling diaphragm 353 or other flexible barrier. The rolling diaphragm 353 may comprise a flange 354, which can be coupled to the housing of the venting valve 350 to provide a seal between the ambient chamber 351 and the working chamber 352. The ambient chamber 351 may additionally comprise a outlet port 355 fluidly coupled to the working chamber 352 and a fluid inlet 356 that may be fluidly coupled to the ambient environment to provide ambient pressure during the venting interval. The ambient chamber 351 may additionally comprise a biasing element, such as a return spring 357 disposed between the diaphragm 353 and a portion of the housing enclosing the ambient chamber 351. When negative pressure is provided to the ambient chamber 351, the diaphragm 21010 compress the return spring 357 toward the fluid inlet 356 in order to close the fluid inlet 356 putting the venting valve 350 and a closed state as shown in
As indicated above,
Referring more specifically to
Negative pressure may also be applied to the fluid port 330 through the fifth fluid conductor 362 creating an air flow as indicated by the dashed arrow 363. The air flow lowers the pressure within the working chamber 325 causing the diaphragm 210 to overcome the resistance of the compression spring 335 and move to the first position 211 drawing the instillation fluid into the dosing chamber 220 until the dosing chamber 220 is filled with a predetermined volume of instillation fluid. When negative pressure is applied to motivate the diaphragm 210 to the first position 211, the check valve 275 closes to prevent any fluid from flowing back from the control valve 280 and the fluid port 290 through the second fluid conductor 277 and the third fluid conductor 291, respectively, into the dosing chamber 220.
In another example embodiment, negative pressure may be applied to the fluid outlet 285 of the control valve 280 through the third fluid conductor 291 creating airflow as indicated by the dashed arrow. The airflow may lower the pressure within the regulating chamber 281 so that the rolling diaphragm 283 overcomes the resistance of the return spring 287 to close the control valve 280. When the control valve 280 is closed, the control valve 280 may prevent any instillation fluid from flowing through the second fluid conductor 277 and the third fluid conductor 291 during the negative-pressure interval when the priming valve 240 begins priming the dosing chamber 220 with the instillation fluid. For example, when the controller 110 causes the negative-pressure source 104 to begin applying negative pressure as described above and shown in
In yet another example embodiment, negative pressure may be applied to the outlet port 355 of the venting valve 350 through the working chamber 325, the fluid port 330, and the fifth fluid conductor 362 creating airflow as indicated by the dashed arrow 363. The airflow may lower the pressure within the ambient chamber 351 so that the rolling diaphragm 353 overcomes the resistance of the return spring 357 to close the venting valve 350. When the venting valve 350 is closed, the venting valve 350 may allow the negative pressure within the working chamber 325 to increase more rapidly in order to reach a target pressure that is desired prior to allowing the priming valve 240 to begin priming the dosing chamber 220 with the instillation fluid. Reaching the target pressure more quickly may accelerate commencement of the priming operation as a result. For example, the venting valve 350 may be closed at a time 402 prior to commencement of the priming valve 240 priming the dosing chamber 220 with the instillation fluid so that the negative pressure within the working chamber 325 increases more rapidly from a pressure of about 75 mmHg to a desired target pressure of about 125 mmHg as shown at a time 403.
In some embodiments when the priming valve 240 draws instillation fluid from the solution source 114 into the dosing chamber 220 as described above, the return spring 254 of the priming valve 240 may be calibrated to ensure that the priming valve 240 is not opened too early in the negative pressure interval in order to avoid expelling instillation fluid from the dosing chamber 220 through the control valve 280 to the fluid port 290 prematurely. The return spring 254 of the priming valve 240 may also be calibrated to ensure that the priming valve 240 does open in a timely fashion so that the dosing chamber 220 is able to expel instillation fluid through the control valve 280 to the fluid port 290 in accordance with the prescribed therapy. For example, the return spring 254 may be calibrated so that the priming valve 240 does not open prior to the time when the control valve 280 and venting valve 350 close at the times 401 and 402, respectively, to prevent instillation fluid from flowing through the control valve 280 to the fluid port 290. In other example embodiments, the priming valve 240 may be calibrated to open when the negative pressure applied to the working chamber 250 reaches the target pressure, e.g., the lowest therapy pressure, but not before as a result of the fluid head height of priming valve 240 and the control valve 280 along with the dosing chamber 220. For example, the priming valve 240 may be calibrated to open when the negative pressure in the working chamber 250 reaches a pressure of about 130 mmHg to achieve a desired target pressure of about 125 mmHg as shown at a time 403 in order to overcome the fluid head height of all the components.
When the negative pressure being applied reaches the desired target pressure, e.g., about 125 mmHg, the priming valve 240 may open as described above to begin priming and filling the dosing chamber 220 at the time 403, and the dosing chamber 220 may continue to fill with instillation fluid until the dosing chamber 220 is filled with the predetermined volume of instillation fluid at a time 404. The time period during which negative pressure is being applied to the instillation pump 116 such as, for example, the instillation pump 300, such time period may be referred to as the negative pressure interval when negative pressure is turned on and increased to the target pressure as described above. In this example embodiment, the negative pressure is turned on and left on until the dosing chamber 220 is filled with the predetermined volume of instillation fluid. When the negative pressure is turned off and no longer being applied, the negative pressure begins decreasing at the time 404 until the pressure reaches atmospheric pressure at, for example, a time 407. The time period during which negative pressure being applied to the instillation pump 116 such as, for example, the instillation pump 300, is decreasing may be referred to as the venting interval as described above. In some embodiments, the instillation of fluids may continue for a period of time after the venting interval is completed as shown at a time 408.
Referring more specifically to
The valve actuation sequence for the venting interval includes the closing of the priming valve 240 and the check valve 265, along with the opening of the check valve 275, the priming valve 240 and the control valve 280. For example, when negative pressure begins decreasing causing air to flow into the working chamber 250 as indicated by the dashed arrow 365, the return spring 254 may begin to relax and force the diaphragm 246 toward the inlet 248 to close the priming valve 240. When the priming valve 240 closes, the first check valve 265 also closes and prevents any more instillation fluid from flowing through the first fluid conductor 270 and the first check valve 265 into the priming chamber 242. As a result, the instillation fluid may then be prevented from flowing out of the priming chamber 242 through the fluid outlet 249 and the dosing inlet 225 to stop filling the dosing chamber 220.
Negative pressure may also be reduced causing airflow through the fifth fluid conductor 362 and the fluid port 330 as indicated by the dashed arrow 363 in order to vent the negative pressure from the working chamber 325. As the pressure increases in the working chamber 325, or the negative pressure decreases, the compression spring 335 may begin to relax and force the diaphragm 210 toward the second position 212 in order to expel the predetermined volume of instillation fluid from the dosing chamber 220 through the dosing outlet 230 and the second fluid conductor 277. The second check valve 275 may open when the flow of instillation fluid reverses as indicated by a solid arrow 374 allowing the compression spring 335 to force the rolling diaphragm 210 toward the second position 212. The rolling diaphragm 210 can cause the instillation fluid to begin flowing from the dosing chamber 220 into the control valve 280 and, ultimately, to the fluid port 290 through the second fluid conductor 277 and the third fluid conductor 291, respectively.
In another example embodiment, negative pressure may be vented from the outlet port 355 of the venting valve 350 into the working chamber 325 causing air to flow into the working chamber 325 as indicated by a dashed arrow 367. As air begins flowing from the working chamber 251 into the working chamber 325, the return spring 357 of the venting valve 350 may begin relaxing and forcing the diaphragm 353 to move away from the inlet 356 to open the venting valve 350 so that the inlet 356 can vent ambient pressure into the working chamber 325. Air may also be flowing through the fifth fluid conductor 362 and the fluid port 330 into the working chamber 325 as indicated by the dashed arrow 363, but at a relatively slow rate dependent on the leaks in the system as described above. Thus, when the venting valve 350 opens, air flowing through the fluid port into the working chamber 325 can accelerate venting of the working chamber 325 by decreasing negative pressure more rapidly within.
In some embodiments, an instillation pressure may be desired for commencing instillation of fluid from the dosing chamber 220, and that instillation pressure may be less than the target pressure for priming the dosing chamber 220 with instillation fluid. For example, the target pressure may be about 125 mmHg while the instillation pressure may be about 50 mmHg in some embodiments as shown in
In yet another example embodiment, the diaphragm 210 may expel instillation fluid out of the dosing chamber 220 into the regulating chamber 281 as described above. The force of the instillation fluid and the return spring 287 may cause the rolling diaphragm 283 to move away from the fluid outlet 285 to open the control valve 280. When the control valve 280 is open, control valve 280 allows the instillation fluid to flow through the second check valve 275 as indicated by solid arrow 374, the second fluid conductor 277 as indicated by solid arrow 376, and the third fluid conductor 291 to the fluid port 290 as indicated by solid arrow 378. For example, the control valve 280 may open after the dosing chamber 220 has been filled with a predetermined volume of instillation fluid at the time 404 when the negative pressure reaches the desired instillation pressure as described above such as, for example, about 50 mmHg at the time 406, to begin the instillation of fluid from the dosing chamber 220 to the fluid port 290. The instillation operation continue for a period of time extending beyond the time when the working chamber 325 reaches ambient pressure to a time when all the fluid in the dosing chamber 220 is instilled into the fluid port 290 such as, for example, at a time 408. The second check valve 275 may be normally closed, creating a closed system of the solution source 114 and the dosing chamber 120. Expansion of the dosing chamber 220 reduces the pressure in the dosing chamber 120 under such conditions, creating a pressure gradient between the solution source 114 and the dosing chamber 120 that can move instillation solution from the solution source 114 through the first check valve 265 into the dosing chamber 120.
The amount of fluid transferred from the solution source 114 to the dosing chamber 120 can be calibrated by modifying certain system parameters. For example, the spring constant of the compression spring 335 or the tension on the compression spring 335 may be modified to change the stroke length of the diaphragm 210 in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the tension on the compression spring 335 may be modified manually as described above with respect to the rolling diaphragm subassembly 390. The adjustment dial 394 may be rotated with respect to the compressor spindle 397 so that the compressor spindle 397 moves axially against the compression spring 335 to increase or decrease the tension of the compression spring 335 as the compression spring 335 applies force against the diaphragm 312 in order to adjust the size of the dosing chamber 220. In some embodiments, the tension on the compression spring 335 may be modified electrically using a sensor that provides feedback to a linear actuator rather than a manual actuator. Alternatively or additionally, the size of the dosing chamber 120 may be increased or decreased according to therapeutic needs.
The first check valve 265 may be normally closed, and contracting the dosing chamber 120 can increase the pressure in the dosing chamber under such conditions, creating a pressure gradient between the dosing chamber 120 and the fluid port 290 that can move instillation solution from the dosing chamber 120 through the second check valve 275 into the second fluid conductor 277 and the third fluid conductor 291. The first check valve 435 can prevent instillation solution from being returned to the solution source 114 as the pressure increases. In some embodiments, the instillation solution can be delivered to the dressing 102 through the fluid port 290.
Referring now to
Referring more specifically to
A valve may be fluidly coupled to the dosing inlet 525 such as, for example, priming valve 540. The priming valve 540 is substantially similar to the priming valve 240 described above in structure and operation and, as such, may comprise a priming chamber 542 defined by a housing and a rolling diaphragm 546 substantially similar to the priming chamber 242, the housing 244, and the rolling diaphragm 246. The priming valve 540 may further comprise a working chamber 550 formed by a housing and the rolling diaphragm substantially similar to the housing 252 and the rolling diaphragm 246, which divides the priming chamber 542 from the working chamber 550. The working chamber 550 may comprise a biasing element, such as a return spring substantially similar to the return spring 254, which biases the diaphragm 546 away from the housing 252 toward a fluid inlet 548, substantially similar to the fluid inlet 248, in order to close the fluid inlet 548. Closing the fluid inlet 548 causes the priming valve 540 to be placed a closed state, as shown in
The dosing outlet 530 of the dosing chamber 520 may be fluidly coupled to a second check valve 575 substantially similar to the second check valve 275, which may be fluidly coupled through a second fluid conductor to a valve such as, for example, a control valve 580 substantially similar to the control valve 280 in structure and operation. The control valve 580 may comprise a housing enclosing a regulating chamber 581 and a working chamber 582 separated by a rolling diaphragm 583, all substantially similar to the corresponding components of the control valve 280 in structure and operation. The rolling diaphragm 583 may comprise a flange, which can be coupled to the housing of the control valve 580 to provide a seal between the regulating chamber 581 and the working chamber 582. The regulating chamber 581 may additionally comprise a fluid outlet 585 and a fluid inlet 586 that may be fluidly coupled to the second fluid conductor. The regulating chamber 581 may additionally comprise a biasing element, such as a return spring disposed between the diaphragm 583 and that portion of the housing enclosing the regulating chamber 581. The working chamber 582 may comprise a spring disposed between the diaphragm 583 and that portion of the housing enclosing with the regulating chamber 581. The spring can bias the diaphragm 583 toward the fluid outlet 585 in order to close the fluid outlet 585 to put the control valve 580 in a closed state as shown in
The system 500 also may comprise the fluid port 290 that is generally configured to fluidly couple various fluid conductors to various distribution components such as, for example, the dressing 102. The fluid port 290 is generally configured to fluidly couple the dressing 102 to other distribution components of the therapy system 500. The dressing 102 may include the cover 506 and the fluid port 290 in some embodiments. The fluid port 290 may comprise one fluid connector in some embodiments and more than one fluid connector in yet other embodiments. In some embodiments, for example, the fluid port 290 may comprise two fluid connectors including an instillation connector 207 for providing instillation liquids to the dressing 102 and a negative pressure connector 209 for providing negative pressure to the dressing 102. For example, the system 500 may further comprise the third fluid conductor 291 having a first end fluidly coupled to the fluid outlet 585 of the control valve 580 and a second end fluidly coupled to the instillation connector 207 of the fluid port 290. The system 500 may further comprise a fourth fluid conductor 292 having a first end fluidly coupled to the negative pressure connector 209 of the fluid port 290 and a second end adapted to be fluidly coupled to a source of negative pressure such as, for example, the negative-pressure device 501 through the canister 512 and the fluid conductor 534. In some embodiments, the fourth fluid conductor 292 may be indirectly coupled to the negative pressure connector 209 by the third fluid conductor 291. In some embodiments, the third fluid conductor 291 may correspond to the fluid conductor 144 and the fourth fluid conductor 292 may correspond to the fluid conductor 132.
In some embodiments of the therapy system 500, the instillation pump 516 may comprise a venting valve (not shown) substantially similar to the venting valve 350 so that negative pressure may be vented from the working chamber 352 of the venting valve 350 into the working chamber 325 of the dosing valve 301 causing air to flow into the working chamber 325 as indicated by a dashed arrow 367 shown in
As indicated above, the negative pressure device 501 may further comprise other control and/or communication devices that may be associated with additional features of the controller 110. For example, the negative pressure device 501 may comprise a wireless transceiver (not shown) coupled to the controller 110 for communicating commands and data with other components of the therapy system 500. For example, the instillation pump 516 may comprise a wireless transceiver 551 coupled to various components of the instillation actuator 118 including, for example, the dosing valve 301, wherein the wireless transceiver 551 communicates with the wireless transceiver contained within the negative pressure device 501 as indicated by the arrow 553. In some embodiments, the wireless transceiver 551 may be coupled to pressure sensors coupled to various components of the dosing valve 301 to control the dosing and instillation process described above. For example, sensors 552, 554, and 556 may be coupled directly or indirectly to the dosing input 525, the dosing chamber 520, and the working chamber 325, respectively, and electrically coupled to the wireless transceiver 551.
In some embodiments, the therapy system 500 is adapted to include only the negative pressure device 501 coupled directly to the canister 512 for providing negative pressure therapy to the dressing 102 through the fourth fluid conductor 292 and the negative pressure connector 209. In other embodiments, the negative pressure device 501, the canister 512, and the instillation pump 516 may be separate modules for providing negative pressure and/or instillation fluids to the dressing 102 from the negative pressure device 501 and the solution source 514. In some embodiments, the negative pressure device 501 may be directly coupled to the canister 512 or indirectly coupled to the canister 512 through the instillation pump 516. For example, the negative pressure device 501 may be directly coupled to the canister 512 to provide negative pressure to the dressing 102 via the fourth fluid conductor 292 and the negative pressure connector 209. The negative pressure device 501 may be adapted to be separated from the canister 512, so that the negative pressure device 501 may be coupled directly to the instillation pump 516 which is adapted to be coupled directly to the canister 512 to provide both negative pressure and instillation fluids the fluid port 290 through their respective fluid conductors and connectors as described above. Essentially, the negative pressure device 501, the canister 512, and the instillation pump 516 may be separate modules wherein the instillation pump 516 may be inserted between the negative pressure device 501 and canister 512 for providing instillation fluids through the third fluid conductor 291 and the fluid connector 207 to the dressing 102 as needed for providing instillation therapy or purging of the tissue site in conjunction with negative pressure therapy and drainage of fluids from the tissue site.
In some embodiments of the therapy system 500 that comprise separate modules, the fluid conductor 534 for providing negative pressure to the dressing 102 may be disposed within the instillation pump 516 and comprise a first end adapted to be releasably coupled to the canister 512 and a second end adapted to be releasably coupled to the negative pressure device 501. The fluid conductor 534 may also be fluidly coupled by a connector 538 to the fluid conductor 536 that provides negative pressure through the connector 366 to the working chamber 325 of the dosing valve 301 via the fluid conductor 362 and the working chamber 550 of the priming valve 540 via the fluid conductor 364. The operation of both the dosing valve 301 and the priming valve 540 in response to the application of negative pressure are both described in more detail above. In some embodiments of the therapy system 500, the instillation pump 516 may further comprise the fluid conductor 533 for measuring the negative pressure that may have a first end adapted to be releasably coupled to the canister 512 and a second end adapted to be releasably coupled to a pressure sensor such as, for example, the pressure sensor 122.
As described above,
In some example embodiments, the increase in negative-pressure from ambient pressure to the target pressure may not be instantaneous. For example, the negative-pressure source 104 and the dressing 102 may have an initial rise time, as indicated by the dashed line 725. The initial rise time may vary depending on the type of dressing and therapy equipment being used. For example, the initial rise time for one therapy system may be in a range of about 20-30 mmHg/second and in a range of about 5-10 mmHg/second for another therapy system. If the therapy system 100 is operating in an intermittent mode, the repeating rise time, as indicated by the solid line 720, may be a value substantially equal to the initial rise time as indicated by the dashed line 725. When the controller 110 is operating in the intermittent mode, the rise time after the initial rise time as indicated by the solid line 720 may be a value substantially equal to the initial rise time as indicated by the dashed line 725.
In some example embodiments, the negative-pressure provided by the negative-pressure source 104, i.e., the supply pressure (SP), may vary around the target pressure (TP) and a therapeutic range (TR) relative to the target pressure (TP) may be desired for limiting variations in the supply pressure (SP). For example, the supply pressure (SP) may vary around a target pressure (TP) of about −125 mmHg as indicated by solid line 710, and the therapeutic range (TR) that is desired may have a tolerance of about 10 mmHg above and/or below the target pressure (TP). Thus, the supply pressure (SP) is within the therapeutic range (TR) if the supply pressure (SP) is not greater than an upper limit and/or less than a lower limit. Continuing with the example, the upper limit of the therapeutic range would be −135 mmHg indicated by the dashed line 711. Additionally, the supply pressure during the first five minute “on-cycle” remains within the therapeutic range (TR) because the supply pressure is not greater than the upper limit of the therapeutic range, whereas a reduced pressure of −137 mm Hg indicated at 713 during the second five minute on-cycle is greater than the upper limit of the therapeutic range. Correspondingly, the lower limit of the therapeutic range would be −115 mmHg indicated by the dashed line 712. The supply pressure during the first five minute “on-cycle” remains within the therapeutic range (TR) because the supply pressure is not less than the lower limit of the therapeutic range, whereas a reduced pressure of −113 mm Hg indicated at 714 during the second five minute on-cycle is less than the lower limit of the therapeutic range.
In some embodiments, the controller 110 may control or determine a variable target pressure (VTP) in a dynamic pressure mode, and the variable target pressure may vary between a maximum and minimum pressure value that may be set as an input prescribed by an operator as the range of desired negative pressure. The variable target pressure may also be processed and controlled by the controller 110, which can vary the target pressure according to a predetermined waveform, such as a triangular waveform, a sine waveform, or a saw-tooth waveform. In some embodiments, the waveform may be set by an operator as the predetermined or time-varying negative pressure desired for therapy.
In some embodiments of the therapy system 100 or the therapy system 500, the controller 110 and the instillation pump 516 may be configured to provide negative-pressure treatment and instillation treatment to the tissue interface 108. For example, in some embodiments the controller may receive and process data, such as data related to the instillation solution provided to the tissue interface 108. Such data may include the type of instillation solution prescribed by a clinician, the volume of fluid or solution to be instilled to a tissue site (“fill volume”), and the amount of time prescribed for leaving solution at a tissue site (“dwell time”) before applying a negative pressure to the tissue site. The fill volume may be, for example, between 10 and 500 mL, and the dwell time may be between one second to 30 minutes. The controller 110 may also control the operation of one or more components of the therapy system 100 or the therapy system 500 to instill solution. For example, the controller 110 may manage fluid distributed from the solution source 114 or the solution source 514 to the tissue interface 108. In some embodiments, fluid may be instilled to the tissue site by applying a negative pressure from the negative-pressure source 104 to reduce the pressure at the tissue site, and thereby drawing solution into the tissue interface 108. In some embodiments, solution may be instilled to a tissue site by applying a positive pressure from the positive-pressure source 116 to move solution from the solution source 114 to the tissue interface 108. Additionally or alternatively, the solution source 114 may be elevated to a height sufficient to allow gravity to move solution into the tissue interface 108.
The controller 110 may also be configured to control the fluid dynamics of instillation by providing a continuous flow of solution or an intermittent flow of solution. In some embodiments, negative pressure may be applied to provide either continuous flow or intermittent flow of solution. The application of negative pressure may be utilized to provide a continuous pressure mode of operation to achieve a continuous flow rate of instillation solution through the tissue interface 108. The application of negative pressure may also be utilized to provide a dynamic pressure mode of operation to vary the flow rate of instillation solution through the tissue interface 108. Alternatively, the application of negative pressure may be utilized to provide an intermittent mode of operation at 455 to allow instillation solution to dwell at the tissue interface 108. In an intermittent mode, a specific fill volume and dwell time may be provided depending, for example, on the type of tissue site being treated and the type of dressing being utilized. After or during the instillation of a solution, negative-pressure may again be applied to provide negative pressure therapy treatments to the patient. The controller 110 may be utilized to select a mode of operation and the duration of the negative pressure treatment before commencing another instillation cycle by instilling more solution.
In some embodiments, the printed circuit board 802 may include a power supply or electric potential source (not shown) for providing voltage to the components mounted on the printed circuit board 802. In some embodiments, the printed circuit board 802 also may include a signal interface or indicator electrically coupled to outputs of the processor 803 such as, for example, therapy outputs 807, that provides some indication of the signal to a user of the therapy system 100 or the therapy system 500. In some embodiments, the indicator may be a visual device, such as a liquid crystal device (LCD) 808 or a light emitting diode (LED) 811, an auditory device, such as a speaker or auditory pulse emitter, a tactile device, such as a moving protrusion, or an olfactory device. In some embodiments, the indicator may be multiple devices such as, for example, a display comprising multiple LEDs emitting different wavelengths of light including, for example, LEDs 811, 812, and 813. The LCD 808 may be coupled to outputs of the processor 803 that may be configured to receive signals from the pressure sensor 122 and the supply sensor 124 via conductors 119 and 123, respectively. In some embodiments, the LCD 808 may signal operating states and other information, such as a pressure, a pressure differential, a leak condition, a blockage condition, an overpressure condition, or a canister full condition.
The printed circuit board 802 may further include an electronic storage device, such as a memory, and other devices configured to operate the feedback system 800 such as, for example, other passive and active devices including input and output devices. In some embodiments, the printed circuit board 802 may include input devices such as, for example, switches or a touchscreen 815 for a user to provide settings for signals indicative of the therapy pressure (TP) and/or a therapeutic range (TR) as related to the therapy pressure (TP) to the processor 803. In some embodiments, the printed circuit board 802 may include a switch 817 and/or a switch 819 electrically coupled to input leads of the processor 803 for setting the processor with the desired therapy pressure (TP) and/or the desired therapeutic range (TR). In some embodiments, the printed circuit board 802 may include other input buffers or controllers needed by peripheral devices associated with the other components of therapy system 100 and/or the reduced pressure system 400. In some embodiments, a thumbwheel or the touchscreen 815 may be used to select the type of instillation solution prescribed by a clinician, the volume of fluid or solution to be instilled to a tissue site (“fill volume”), and/or the amount of time prescribed for leaving solution at a tissue site (“dwell time”) before applying a negative pressure to the tissue site. In some embodiments, the selected values may be communicated to the processor 803 and ultimately displayed on the LCD 808. In some embodiments, the processor 803 may be configured to limit the number of setting options that a user or patient can select for both negative pressure and instillation therapy, while allowing a clinician and expanded number of setting options that should not be available to a user or patient.
In some embodiments, the controller 801 may be a single chip comprising the processor 803 and the wireless communication module 805 electrically coupled to the processor 803. Using a wireless communications module 805 has the advantage of eliminating an electrical conductor between the components of the therapy system 100, the therapy system 500, or remote peripheral devices when in use during therapy treatments. In some embodiments, for example, the electrical circuits and/or components associated with the pressure sensor 122, the supply sensor 124, the switch 817, the switch 819, and other inputs and output devices may be electrically coupled to other components of the therapy system 100, or the therapy system 500, and other peripheral devices having wireless capability by wireless means such as, for example, an integrated device implementing Bluetooth® Low Energy wireless technology. More specifically, the wireless communication module 805 may be a Bluetooth® Low Energy system-on-chip that includes a microprocessor (an example of the microprocessors referred to hereinafter) such as the nRF51822 chip available from Nordic Semiconductor. The wireless communications module 805 may be implemented with other wireless technologies suitable for use in the medical environment such as radio frequency identification (RFID). In some embodiments, for example, the wireless communications module 805 may include wireless communication technologies that not only provide operators with a method of retrieving therapy data such as therapy duration, pressures, and alarm conditions, but also provide closed-loop feedback to the processor 803 for automatically adjusting and correcting pressure parameters that control the components of the therapy system to provide negative pressure therapy and instillation therapy.
As described above, the processor 803 may display a numerical value on the LCD 808 corresponding to the pressure determined by the pressure sensor 122. In some embodiments, the numerical value may change as the pressure changes. It should be understood, that any signals provided by outputs of the processor 803 also may be transmitted by the wireless communication module 805 to other remote devices such as, for example, the remote device 820. Thus, any reference herein to signals being provided to the LCD 808 also applies to signals being provided to other devices not mounted on the printed circuit board 802. Moreover, any pressure measurements provided by either the pressure sensor 122 or the supply sensor 124 to the processor 803 may be stored therein for further processing relating to the target pressure (TP), the therapeutic range (TR), and the operating states of the therapy system 100 including a current pressure, a pressure differential, a leak condition, a blockage condition, a canister full condition, or an overpressure condition, for example.
In some example embodiments, therapy configuration information comprising a variety of therapy settings and operating parameters relating to a therapy device such as, for example, therapy device 101 or therapy device 501, may be encoded and stored in memory on the processor 803 or the remote device 820, for example, in a standard bar code format (GA1-128/EAN-128) or standard QR code (ISO 18004). A standard barcode or a QR code is a machine-readable optical label that contains information about the item to which it is attached. In some example embodiments, such therapy configuration information stored in a code may be retrieved using a standard barcode or QR reader such as, for example, the reader 830 and/or the remote device 820. In some example embodiments, a QR code storing information regarding the therapy configuration may be attached to various components of therapy system 100 such as, for example, the therapy device 101 and/or packages containing disposables utilized with the device 101 such as, for example, the dressing 102. Respecting the device 101, a QR code storing such information may be printed on a laminated card tethered to the therapy device 101 in some embodiments, or on a label stuck to the therapy device 101 in other embodiments. In yet other embodiments, the QR code storing such information may be displayed on the LCD 808 of the therapy device 101 or 501 that can be decoded by a QR reader. Regarding packages containing disposables, a QR code may be printed directly on the package specify the type of therapy device for intended use with the disposables such as, for example, the dressing 102 that is usable with the therapy device 101 or 501.
Therapy configurations may be too complex for treating a tissue site because they comprise a variety of initial therapy settings depending on the desired therapy, and they may need to be modified during the course of treatment. Using a QR code to store and retrieve more complex therapy configurations regarding such therapy devices and packages provides a distinct advantage because of the enhanced speed and accuracy associated with providing therapy to patients in acute care situations. QR codes may be encoded or generated to store templates containing the initial therapy settings and adaptable to be subsequently modified if necessary depending on the progress of the treatments. In some embodiments, therapy templates comprising initial therapy settings may be customized for a specific supplier or user of the therapy device/or package of disposables. For example, a therapy template may be specifically encoded by the manufacturer or supplier of the therapy device or package of disposables. In other embodiments, a therapy template may be customized for a specific healthcare system, a hospital, or a wing of a hospital for use in a particular environment. In some embodiments, these therapy templates may also be customized for specific locations such as, for example, hospitals in different cities or states. In some embodiments, therapy templates comprising initial therapy settings may be modified by a clinician or user if necessary depending on the progress of the negative pressure therapy and/or instillation therapy being applied.
In some example embodiments, a QR code may be encoded with a variety of initial therapy settings comprising a desired therapy configuration. In some embodiments, the therapy settings may comprise three groups of therapy categories including negative pressure therapy, instillation therapy, and/or the scheduling of either one or both, each one comprising a plurality of possible setting descriptions. For example, the negative pressure category may comprise a plurality of setting descriptions including a name identifying the specific device, a target pressure (TP), and a therapy range (TR). The negative pressure category may also comprise an indication of the desired mode of operation, i.e., continuous pressure control (CPC), intermittent pressure control (IPC), and dynamic pressure control (DPC), and a cycle time for activating and deactivating the negative pressure therapy as described above with respect to
In some embodiments, the instillation category may comprise a plurality of possible setting descriptions including, for example, the type of solution to be utilized, the fill volume, the dwell time, and the maximum fluid pressure, all of which are described above. The instillation category also may comprise therapy setting relating to the timing of instillation therapy being applied such as, for example, the frequency of doses in the ratio of number of negative pressure cycles to the number of instillation cycles.
Referring to
The method 900 may further comprise connecting the instillation pump 516 to the negative pressure device 501 at 902 and connecting the fluid source 514 to the instillation pump at 903. Still referring to 903, the method may further comprise connecting the negative pressure connector 209 to the canister 512 via the fourth fluid connector 292, and connecting the instillation connector 207 to the fluid outlet 585 of the control valve 580 via the third fluid conductor 291. In some embodiments of the method 900, the method may further comprise connecting the canister 512 to the negative pressure device 501 through the pumping valve 516 via the fluid couplings 533 and 534.
The method 900 may further comprise turning on the negative pressure device 501 and the instillation pump 516 at 904 to commence therapy treatments. After the equipment is turned on, the method 900 may further comprise connecting or pairing the instillation pump 516 to the negative pressure device 501. For example, the instillation pump 516 may be coupled by the wireless transceiver 551 to various components of the instillation actuator 118 including the dosing valve 301. More specifically, the wireless transceiver 551 may communicate with the wireless communication module 805 contained within the negative pressure device 501 as indicated by the arrow 553. In some embodiments, the wireless transceiver 551 may be coupled to the sensors 552, 554, and 556 that are coupled to various components of the dosing valve 301 to control the dosing and instillation process as described above. For example, the sensors 552, 554, and 556 may be coupled directly or indirectly to the dosing input 525, the dosing chamber 520, and the working chamber 325, respectively, and electrically coupled to the wireless transceiver 551. In some example embodiments, the sensors 552, 554, and 556 may be electrically coupled directly to the processor 803 as shown in
After the devices are connected paired, the method 900 may further comprise applying negative pressure and instillation therapy at 906. When the therapy is completed, the negative pressure device 501 and the instillation pump 516 may be turned off at 907 and the dressing 102 may be removed from the patient. Applying the therapy at 906 in some embodiments may comprise setting the therapy settings at 909 and then commencing a therapy loop at 910 including a negative pressure therapy phase 911 and a controlled fluid instillation therapy phase at 912. The therapy loop 910 continues until therapy is stopped at 913 and the devices are turned off at 907 as indicated above.
Referring now to 909, the method 900 may further comprise initializing therapy settings for both the negative pressure therapy and the fluid instillation therapy to be provided for treatment. The therapy settings for the negative pressure therapy phase may include, for example, any initial values associated with the pump pressure (PP), the pump duty cycle (PD), or the desired target pressure (TP) of the negative-pressure source 104 within the negative pressure device 501. The therapy settings for the fluid instillation therapy phase may further include any initial values associated with the fill volume and the soak time, as well as an instillation pump pressure (IP), an instillation duty cycle (ID), and a desired fluid pressure (FP) of the instillation pump 516 for the fluid instillation therapy phase of the therapy treatment.
After the therapy settings are initialized, the method 900 may further comprise commencing the therapy loop at 910 and proceeding to the application of negative pressure therapy at 911. In some embodiments, for example, the method 900 may comprise applying negative-pressure therapy to the negative pressure connector 209 of the fluid port 290 and also to the dosing valve 520 and the priming valve 540 as described above in more detail. The method 900 may further comprise sensing the pump pressure (PP), the pump duty cycle (PD), and the desired target pressure (TP) of the negative-pressure source 104 within the negative pressure device 501 and communicating such information to the processor 803 as indicated by the conductors 111, 119, and 123. Applying negative-pressure therapy may further comprise providing signals from the sensors 552, 554, and 556 to the processor 803 via the wireless communication module 805 for processing such signals and treating the tissue site in response to data being collected and processed by the controller 800 as described below.
In some embodiments, the method 900 may further comprise applying fluid instillation therapy at 912 by providing instillation fluids or solutions to the instillation connector 207 of the port 290 from the dosing valve 520 via the control valve 580 as also described above. The method 900 may further comprise sensing the fill volume and the soak time, as well as an instillation pump pressure (IP), an instillation duty cycle (ID), and a desired fluid pressure (FP) of the instillation pump 516 for the fluid instillation therapy phase of the therapy treatment based on information from the sensors 552, 554, and 556 and communicating signals from the sensors to the processor 803 via the wireless communication module 805 for processing the signals and treating the tissue site in response to the data being collected and processed by the controller 800 as described in more detail below.
Referring to decision block 913, the method 900 may further comprise stopping the therapy treatment when receiving a signal from a caregiver, a patient, or from a control algorithm stored on the processor 803 of the controller 800. If the therapy loop is completed, the signal indicates that the therapy loop should be stopped (YES) at 913 to end the therapy treatment. The negative pressure device 501 and the instillation pump 516 are then turned off at 907 and the dressing 102 may be removed at 908. If no such signal is received to turn off the therapy treatment, the method 900 in some embodiments may loop back to 911 to continue applying the negative-pressure therapy with fluid instillation to the dressing 102 and the tissue site. When the method loops back to 911, the method may include commands provided by the control algorithms to continue controlling the negative pressure therapy by increasing the pump pressure (PP) or the pump duty cycle (PD) along with the fluid instillation therapy by adjusting the instillation pump pressure (IP) or the instillation duty cycle (ID).
Referring back to
In another example embodiment, the sensor 552 may function as a fluid supply sensor to monitor a partial vacuum or negative pressure within the fluid source 514 such as, for example, a fluid bag having no vent wherein the bag collapses as fluids are drawn out of the bag by the priming valve 540. When the installation fluids are drawn out of the bag and the dosing inlet 525 as shown in
In yet another example embodiment, the dosing valve 301 may further comprise a potentiometer 590 disposed within the working chamber 325 fixed between the housing 310 and the rolling diaphragm 510 to determine the specific dosing volume or fill volume to be provided by the dosing chamber 520. The potentiometer 590 may be a three-terminal resistor, for example, with a sliding contact 591 that forms an adjustable voltage divider. In some embodiments, the potentiometer 590 may be electrically coupled to the wireless transreceiver 551 to provide a dosage signal to the processor 803 for displaying on the LCD 806 to indicate the dosing volume selected to be delivered by the dosing chamber 520. The potentiometer 590 may provide a variable voltage output to the processor 803 in response to operation of the sliding contact 591. In some embodiments, the potentiometer 590 may be calibrated to provide a voltage signal that corresponds to the axial position of the sliding contact 591. When the sliding contact 591 is moved relative to the fixed position with the housing 310, the voltage signal provided by the potentiometer 590 may change. In some embodiments, the voltage signal provided by the potentiometer 612 may provide an indication of the dosing volume selected by a user that is intended to be delivered by the dosing chamber 520. In some embodiments, the voltage signal may be an indirect measurement of the actual volume within the dosing chamber 520 that is delivered to the instillation connector 207 of the port 290.
In some embodiments, the dosing valve 301 may further comprise a linear actuator assembly that includes both a linear actuator and a feedback device such as, for example, linear actuator assembly 595. In some embodiments, the linear actuator assembly 595 may comprise a linear actuator that may include a drive motor (not shown) operatively coupled by a gear assembly to a driveshaft (not shown). The driveshaft may be operably coupled between the potentiometer 590 and the housing 510 for providing linear motion to the diaphragm 510. The potentiometer 590 may be operatively coupled to the driveshaft 713 to provide feedback regarding the position of the driveshaft of the linear actuator assembly 595. The drive motor may be electrically coupled to an output of the processor 803 for receiving signals from the touchscreen 815 or other input of the processor 803 responsive specifics settings for the desired dosage volume. In some embodiments, this may not be a variable value, but rather a specific value selected from a set of specific dosage values. In some embodiments, the linear actuator assembly 595 and the potentiometer 590 may be combined in a single component referred to in the art as a linear actuator with feedback such as, for example, those models available from Glideforce (e.g., Model No. LACT), Acttonix, and many others depending on the load that can be applied to the linear actuator, the no-load speed, and the stroke length required to operate the rolling diaphragm 510 and the compression spring 335.
In some embodiments, the instillation valve 516 may further comprise an Electro-active Polymer (EAP) sensor such as, for example, EAP sensor 554, that may be mounted inside or outside (not in fluid contact) of the dosing chamber 520. In some embodiments, the EAP sensor may comprise a polymer that undergoes change in size and shape upon the application of an electric field which may be measured by the change in capacitance resulting from a change in fluid volume. In some embodiments, the EAP sensor 554 may be model number EAPS-100RT EAP from Parker Hannifin Corp. that has been modified by removing a portion of the silicone potting to expose the element in the sensor to the fluid within the dosing chamber 520. The modified sensor acts as a capacitance sensor wherein the capacitance varies with the fluid level in the dosing chamber 520 and provides a dosage signal indicative of the fluid level. The EAP sensor 554 may be used in some embodiments to determine the specific dosing volume or fill volume provided by the dosing chamber 520. The EAP sensor 554 may be electrically coupled to the wireless transreceiver 551 to provide the dosage signal to the processor 803 for displaying the dosing volume on the LCD 806 that is actually being delivered by the dosing chamber 520 to the instillation connector 207 of the port 290. In some embodiments, the EAP sensor 554 may also be configured to provide the actual number of instillation cycles that have been delivered during therapy such as, for example, the therapy described at 906. In some embodiments, the processor 803 may be configured to compare the actual dosage volume provided by the dosing chamber 520 and measured by the EAP sensor 554, with the intended dosage volume selected to be provided by the dosing chamber 520 and measured by the potentiometer 590. The comparison computed by the processor 803 may provide a dosing comparison signal to the LCD 808 indicative of a fluid leakage condition in the system and/or low fluid levels in the solution source 514.
The systems, apparatuses, and methods described herein may provide significant advantages. For example, some therapy systems are known to provide intermittent negative-pressure therapy modes, and the instillation pump 116 can leverage such modes to deliver therapeutic fluids without substantially modifying the therapy system. The instillation pump 116 can also reduce the disposable footprint of the therapy system 100 while providing cost-effective delivery of therapeutic fluids to tissue sites. Much of the mechanical system, such as the instillation actuator 118, can be used by more than one patient. For example, the instillation pump 116 can provide a continuous fluid pathway that can be separated from a mechanical actuator, allowing another fluid pathway to be installed. Tubing, valves, fluid chambers, and associated components can be removed in some embodiments. The combined assembly can also provide all pressure seals and fitments to allow disposable elements to be installed and to maintain actuation pressure within a pressure chamber. The instillation pump 116 can be readily attached to a dressing and solution source, which can be a significant feature for patients and care providers outside of a medical facility.
The disposable elements can be combined with the mechanical elements in a variety of different ways to provide therapy. For example, in some embodiments, the disposable and mechanical systems can be combined inline, externally mounted, or internally mounted.
While shown in a few illustrative embodiments, a person having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the systems, apparatuses, and methods described herein are susceptible to various changes and modifications. For example, certain features, elements, or aspects described in the context of one example embodiment may be omitted, substituted, or combined with features, elements, and aspects of other example embodiments. Moreover, descriptions of various alternatives using terms such as “or” do not require mutual exclusivity unless clearly required by the context, and the indefinite articles “a” or “an” do not limit the subject to a single instance unless clearly required by the context. Components may be also be combined or eliminated in various configurations for purposes of sale, manufacture, assembly, or use. For example, in some configurations the dressing 102, the container 112, or both may be eliminated or separated from other components for manufacture or sale. In other example configurations, the controller 110 may also be manufactured, configured, assembled, or sold independently of other components.
The appended claims set forth novel and inventive aspects of the subject matter described above, but the claims may also encompass additional subject matter not specifically recited in detail. For example, certain features, elements, or aspects may be omitted from the claims if not necessary to distinguish the novel and inventive features from what is already known to a person having ordinary skill in the art. Features, elements, and aspects described herein may also be combined or replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent, or similar purpose without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. National Stage Entry Ser. No. 17/259,251, filed Nov. 1, 2021, which claims benefit of PCT/US2019/040758, filed Aug. 7, 2019, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e), of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/698,608, entitled “FLUID INSTILLATION APPARATUS FOR USE WITH NEGATIVE-PRESSURE SYSTEM INCORPORATING WIRELESS THERAPY MONITORING,” filed Jul. 16, 2018, which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62698608 | Jul 2018 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17259251 | Jan 2021 | US |
| Child | 18374408 | US |
