BACKGROUND
The present disclosure relates to generally fastening systems employed to connect wood structural members to comply with construction codes. The present disclosure relates generally to tools and methods for installing a fastener to secure wood framing components. More particularly, this disclosure relates to tools and techniques to precisely install fasteners to secure the top plate to roof trusses or rafters.
Local and state building codes, which are typically based on universal codes such as the International Residential Code and the International Building Code, set forth various requirements for securing wooden framing components. Provisions are made in such codes to require that the top plate and the rafters, or roof trusses, must be connected to comply with pre-established connection force standards calculated to resist substantial uplift forces that may be experienced throughout the lifetime of the structure. For locations which are susceptible to high wind uplift and/or seismic activity, typically, a stronger force-resistant connection between the top plate and rafters or trusses is required.
To satisfy building code requirements, the use of metal brackets and a large number of nails are commonly installed using pneumatic nail guns. Many of the structural locations requiring these robust connections are at the top corners of walls and where walls meet roof trusses and the like. These locations typically require workers to stand on ladders and employ a hammer or pneumatic nail guns to nail brackets to roof rafters, roof trusses and the like. A common complaint is that the ladders are not a stable platform and maneuvering bulky nail guns into cramped locations while standing on a ladder is both difficult and dangerous.
The concept of a continuous load path (CLP) from the peak of the roof to the foundation is one that is gaining some popularity in the construction industry. Various devices of straps, brackets, cables, threaded rods and bolts are currently employed to tie various building components together and create an integrated unit where stress on any one structural component is transferred to other components for additional durability.
There are a number of techniques, fasteners and hardware items that are conventionally employed to provide the required connection between the top plate and the rafters or roof trusses. Hurricane clips or other forms of metal straps or clips are traditionally used and secured by multiple nails or threaded fasteners. There is commonly a trade-off between connection integrity and construction efficiency. For example, hurricane clips, which are effective and widely used in many locations, may require eight or more nails or threaded fasteners to meet the requisite code connection standard.
It is possible to employ threaded fasteners such as elongated screws to replace some of the metal brackets and nails currently employed to meet building codes. However, such screws need to be installed at a particular angle and position to ensure penetration through several wood members to engage, for example, a roof truss or rafter. There is a need for a construction system that would facilitate the use of threaded fasteners to connect building components in a manner that meets building codes and allows building inspectors to visually confirm correct installation of such threaded fasteners.
A highly secure and efficient connection between the top plate and rafters or roof trusses can be implemented by employing multiple specialty six-inch threaded fasteners, such as TimberLOK® wood screws manufactured and marketed by OMG, Inc., of Agawam, Mass. To secure the framing components with the sufficient retentive force, each threaded fastener is driven through the top plate and into the rafters or roof trusses at a 22.5±5° optimum angle with respect to the vertical. Although securing multiple threaded fasteners is typically more efficient than attaching a hurricane clip or other strap-type connector, it is difficult to consistently implement a 22.5° angle within a reasonable range of precision. The usage of protractors, levels and other similar-type tools to obtain the optimum angle for the threaded fastener has proven to be clumsy, difficult, time consuming and, at best, only marginally advantageous over more conventional securement methods.
The present disclosure addresses the need for a tool and method to connect the top plate and rafters or roof trusses by efficiently installing multiple threaded fasteners having a consistently precise optimum connection angle.
Definitions
As used herein, the term “roof support member” means any framing component that provides structural support to a roof of a building, such as a rafter, a truss or a horizontal ceiling joist.
As used herein, the term “top plate” means the horizontal framing component (which may include two or more members such as two 2×4-inch members) attached to the topmost portion of the vertical structural members or studs to which the roof support members are mounted and secured.
SUMMARY
Briefly stated, an installation tool is employed to fasten a first member to a second member. The installation tool comprises a driver assembly having an elongated tube assembly with a proximal end and a distal end. The tube assembly is preferably telescopic. A driver, which generates torque, is mounted adjacent the proximal end. A torque transfer unit is disposed in the tube for transferring torque produced by the driver to a fastener coupler adjacent the distal end. A guide assembly is mounted adjacent the distal end and has an end and a locating surface and a fastener channel defining an axis disposed at an angle θ to the locating surface. The fastener channel is configured to receive a fastener so that when the locating surface is engaged against the first member and the locating end is positioned adjacent the second member and the fastener is received in the channel and the driver is energized, the fastener coupler engages the fastener and is torqued to drive the fastener through the first member at the angle θ into the second member. The angle θ is preferably approximately 22½°. A stabilizing piercing edge preferably projects from the locating end. The stabilizing edge is the vertex of a square stabilizer plate.
The telescopic tube assembly comprises a proximate tube receiving the driver and which second distal tube is retractable relative to the proximal tube. The second tube is lockable to the proximal tube at an extended position. A handle is slidably adjustable relative to the telescopic tube assembly. The handle has a grip which generally projects radially relative to the telescopic tube assembly. The driver may be a battery powered drill or have a cord for an electrical connection. The telescopic tube assembly comprises the first tube attached to the driver and slidably engageable with the second tube, and the first tube retracts relative to the second tube as the driver drives the fastener. The first member is preferably a top plate and the second member is a roof support member.
In one preferred embodiment, an installation tool for fastening a first member to a second member employs a driver assembly comprising an elongated telescopic tube assembly having a proximal end and a distal end. A driver generates torque and is mounted adjacent the proximal end. A torque transfer unit is disposed in the tube assembly for transferring torque produced by the driver to a fastener coupler adjacent the distal end. A guide head assembly is mounted adjacent the distal end. The guide head assembly has a locating end and a non-coplanar locating surface. A fastener channel defines an axis disposed at an angle θ to the locating surface and is configured to receive a fastener. When the locating surface is positioned against a first member, the locating end is positioned adjacent the second member, a fastener is received in the channel and the driver is powered, the fastener coupler engages the fastener and is torqued to drive the fastener through the first member at angle θ into the second member.
The guide head assembly further comprises a pair of pivotal wings projectable to engage a rafter or a truss member. Each of the wings has a slight divergent bend. A first stabilizing stabber projects from the locating end and a second stabilizing stabber projects at a location transversely spaced from the first stabilizing stabber. The second stabilizing stabber is variably positionable. In one embodiment, the second stabilizing stabber comprises an elongated spear defining a central longitudinal slot and a stabbing point at a distal end. A clamp lock is connectable through the slot and engageable against the spear for fixing the position of the stabbing point. In one preferred embodiment, the location end forms a top portion which spans a distance of approximately 3 inches.
A spacer collar is clipped over the distal tube or not present on the tube to define a penetration depth of the fastener relative to the first member. A guide member is disposed in the channel at a fixed position to concentrically align the fastener head with the driver bit. The guide member defines an inverse conical surface. A disposable cylindrical centering sleeve may also be disposed in the channel.
The driver is preferably a power drill which has a butt and a chuck. A strut connects between the butt and a location adjacent the chuck.
The guide head assembly is removably mounted to the distal end of the tube assembly. The guide head assembly comprises a mounting extension defining a connecting channel in alignment with the fastener channel. A lock mechanism releasably locks the mounting extension to the tube assembly. The mounting extension defines a recess, and the lock mechanism comprises a cam lock engageable in the recess to lock the guide head assembly to the tube assembly.
An automatic release trigger mechanism prevents the telescopic tube assembly from telescoping when the fastener is fully driven and imposes a pre-established stabbing force before the telescopic tube assembly retracts. In one embodiment, the release mechanism comprises a spring biased trigger which rides a track with a ramp and is sequentially received in a pair of longitudinally spaced catches to prevent the telescopic tube assembly from telescoping at both an extended and a fully retracted driven position. The release trigger is biased by a spring which provides a pre-established stabber force threshold before the telescopic tubes start to retractably telescope.
A guide head assembly which mounts to a telescopic tube assembly for a torque driver with a fastener coupler comprises a frame having a locating end and a non-coplanar locating surface and a fastener channel defining an axis disposed at an angle θ to the locating surface. The channel is configured to receive a fastener so that when the locating surface is positioned against a first member, the locating end is positioned adjacent a second member, the fastener is received in the channel and the driver is energized, the fastener coupler engages the fastener and is torqued to drive the fastener through said first member at angle θ into the second member. An extension protrudes from the frame and defines an exterior recess and interiorly forms a connecting channel which aligns with the fastener channel. First and second transversely spaced stabilizing stabbers protrude from the locating end.
A disposable centering sleeve is mounted in the fastener channel. A floating guide comprising an inverse conical surface is mounted in the connecting channel. The second stabilizing stabber is adjustable.
An installation tool fastens a top plate to a roof support member and comprises an elongated telescopic tube assembly with a proximal end portion and a distal end. The proximal end portion is adapted to receive a power tool. A torque transfer unit is disposed in the tube assembly for transferring torque produced by the power tool to a fastener coupler adjacent the distal end. A guide head assembly is mounted at the distal end and has a locating end and a locating surface. A fastener channel defines an axis disposed at an angle θ to the locating surface and is configured to receive a fastener. The locating surface and the locating end are positioned relative to the top plate and roof support member. The fastener is received in the channel and the received tool is energized. The fastener coupler engages the fastener and is torqued to drive the fastener through the top plate at an angle θ into the roof support member.
The angle is preferably 22½°. A handle is mounted to the telescopic tube assembly. A stabilizing edge projects from the locating end. The stabilizing edge is a vertex of a plate removably mounted to the guide assembly. The fastener is preferably a wood screw approximately 6 inches or more in length.
A handle assembly secures the telescopic tube assembly in an extended position and is releasable to allow the telescopic tube assembly to retract. The tube assembly retracts a distance approximately equal to the length of the fastener when the fastener is driven.
A method for connecting a top plate to a roof support member comprises loading a fastener in a rotary drive installation tool having perpendicular locating surface and locating end and employing the locating structures to orient the fastener to be driven at a proper entry angle. The method further comprises energizing the installation tool to drive the fastener through the top plate into the support member at the proper entry angle. An end projection of the installation tool is stabbed into a wood member to stabilize the tool. The method further comprises seating the fastener in the top plate at a location at least three feet above the height of the installer while the installer remains standing at a ground level.
A guide head is mountable to an installation tool with a torque driver having a fastener coupler and comprises a frame and an indicator module mounted to the frame. The frame has a locating end and a non-coplanar locating surface and a fastener channel defining an axis disposed at an angle θ to the locating surface and configured to receive a fastener. The indicator module indicates that the locating surface is flush against the first member. When the locating surface is positioned against the first member and the locating end is positioned adjacent the second member and the fastener is received in the channel and the driver is energized, the fastener coupler engages the fastener and is torqued to drive a fastener through the first member at the angle θ into the second member.
In one embodiment, the indicator module further comprises a spring loaded pin which projects through the locating surface and is depressible to project an indicator from a surface opposed to the locating surface.
In another embodiment, the indicator module comprises a depressible button which projects from the locating surface and an indicator light is responsive to the button. The light is preferably an LED.
In another embodiment, the indicator module comprises a flag which is hinged to the frame and is received in the frame in a first position and at least partially pivots out of the frame when the locating surface is in a vertical position.
In another embodiment, the indicator module comprises a depressible button which projects from the locating surface and an audio module is responsive to the button to emit a sound.
A guide head is mountable to a fastener installation tool and comprises a frame having a locating end and a non-coplanar locating surface. A fastener channel defines an axis disposed at an angle to the locating surface and is configured to receive a fastener. When the locating surface is positioned against the first member, the fastener is driveable through the member at the angle. A flush indicator is disposed on the frame to indicate that the locating surface is flush against the first member.
The flush indicator further comprises a spring loaded pin which projects through the locating surface and, in one embodiment, is depressible to project from a surface opposed to the locating surface. In an alternate embodiment, the flush indicator comprises a displaceable actuator which projects from the locating surface and an indicator light is responsive to the actuator. The light is preferably an LED.
In another embodiment, the flush indicator comprises a flag which is hinged to the frame and is received in the frame in a first position and at least partially pivots out of the frame when the locating surface is in a vertical position to indicate the flush position.
The flush indicator may also comprise an audio module responsive to a depressible actuator to emit a sound which indicates the flush position.
The guide head is mountable to a fastener installation tool having a torque driver with a fastener coupler. The guide head comprises a frame having a reference structure and a fastener channel defining an axis disposed at an acute angle θ to the reference structure. An indicator module mounted to the frame indicates that the reference structure is flush against the first member. When the locating surface is positioned flush against the first member, the fastener is received in the channel and the driver is energized, the fastener coupler engages the fastener and is torqued to drive the fastener through the first member at the angle θ.
A spring loaded pin which projects through the reference structure is depressible to actuate various indicators such as a projecting member, an LED or an audible signal. In another embodiment, the guide head indicator module comprises a flag which pivots when the locating surface is in a vertical position to indicate the flush position for driving the fastener at the proper angle into the first member.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view, partly broken away, of a fastener installation tool for securing a top plate to a roof support member;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary top plan view of the installation tool of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary partially disassembled side view of the installation tool of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a representative perspective view, partly in schematic, of a structure during its construction phase and illustrating the usage of a fastener to connect a top plate to a roof support member;
FIG. 4A is a fragmentary side sectional view of the structure of FIG. 4, illustrating a fastener connecting a top plate to a roof support member at a location adjacent a vertical stud;
FIG. 4B is a fragmentary side sectional view of the structure of FIG. 4, illustrating a fastener connecting a top plate to a roof support member at a location between vertical studs;
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view, portions broken away to show detail and partly in diagram form, of the installation tool of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view, portions broken away to show detail and partly in diagram form, of a modified embodiment of the fastener installation tool of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view, partly in diagram form, of a guide portion of the installation tool of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the guide portion of FIG. 7, portions being shown in phantom and portions being shown to reveal internal detail;
FIG. 9 is an annotated composite schematic view illustrating the sequential operation of the installation tool of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a side elevational view, partly broken away, of a second embodiment of a fastener installation tool for connecting a top plate with a roof support member;
FIG. 11 is a fragmentary top plan view of the installation tool of FIG. 10;
FIGS. 12A-12C are side elevational views, partly in schematic, illustrating the sequential operation of the installation tool of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a side elevational view, partly broken away, of a third embodiment of a fastener installation tool for connecting a top plate with a roof support member;
FIG. 14 is a fragmentary top plan view of the installation tool of FIG. 13;
FIGS. 15A-15D are annotated representative side elevational views, partly in schematic, illustrating the sequential operation of the installation tool of FIG. 13;
FIGS. 16A-16B are schematic diagrams illustrating the usage and versatility of a representative fastener installation tool for different structural heights and wherein the installers have different heights;
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of an installation tool without the power driver assembly wherein certain external portions are shown as transparent to reveal internal components;
FIG. 18 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the installation tool of FIG. 17 wherein certain external components are shown as transparent to reveal internal components;
FIGS. 19A and 19B are top sectional views of portions of the installation tool of FIG. 17;
FIG. 20 is an enlarged end sectional view of the installation tool of FIG. 17 and further illustrating a fastener received in the installation tool;
FIG. 21 is an enlarged generally top plan view of the guide head portion of the installation tool of FIG. 17;
FIG. 22 is an enlarged generally bottom perspective view of a guide head portion of FIG. 21;
FIG. 23 is an enlarged generally opposite side elevational view, portions removed, of a handle assembly for the installation tool of FIG. 17;
FIG. 24 is an enlarged side elevational view, portions in section and portions removed, of the handle assembly of FIG. 23;
FIG. 25 is an enlarged generally right side view of a portion of the handle portion of FIG. 24, taken from the right thereof and partially broken away to show detail
FIG. 26 is an annotated side elevational view, partly in schematic, of an installation tool;
FIG. 27 is a side elevational view, partly in schematic and partly annotated, of an installation tool;
FIGS. 28A and 28B are annotated side views of an installation tool together with an enlarged top plan view of a portion of the tool, respectively;
FIG. 29 is an annotated side elevational view of an installation tool;
FIG. 30 is a schematic view of an installer illustrating a belt holster and a representative installation tool for reception by said holster;
FIGS. 31A and 31B are respectively a schematic view illustrating a bandolier holder for fasteners and a representative installation tool and an enlarged fragmentary front view of the bandolier holder and fasteners;
FIGS. 32A and 32B are respectively a schematic side view of a thigh-mounted fastener holder and a representative installation tool and an enlarged fragmentary front view of the thigh-mounted fastener holder and fasteners;
FIG. 33 is a perspective view of a representative fastener that may be employed in the installation tools;
FIGS. 34A-34D are respectively a side view of a fastener employed in an installation tool, an enlarged top plan view of the fastener and a side elevational view of a fastener with a different tint together with an enlarged top plan view of the fastener with the different tint;
FIGS. 35A-35E schematically illustrate an installer using an installation tool for fastening respectively a truss to a top plate, a stud to a top plate, a stud to a bottom plate, a bottom plate to a rim, and a top plate to a rim;
FIGS. 36A-36C are respectively a perspective view, a diagrammatic side view and an end view of a fastener which may be employed for an installation tool;
FIGS. 37A-37C are respectively a diagrammatic view of a fastener which may be employed for an installation tool, a perspective view of the fastener and a top plan view of the head of the fastener;
FIGS. 38A-38C are respectively fragmentary portions of a perspective view of a representative construction illustrating the use of a bracket assembly, an exploded view of the brackets, and a side sectional view illustrating the mounting of the brackets;
FIGS. 39A-39E respectively illustrate another bracket for construction in connection with a portion of a truss, a schematic view of a fastener in connection with a second truss assembly portion together with the brackets, a third side end view of the bracket together with a fastener in a truss assembly, a perspective view of the bracket and a side elevational view of the bracket;
FIGS. 40A-40B respectively illustrate a perspective view of another bracket as mounted in place and a top view in a preassembled stage for the bracket;
FIGS. 41A-41 D respectively illustrate a first step and tool which may be employed in installing the bracket of FIGS. 40A and 40B, a second step in the installation process, a third step in the installation process, and an installed view of the bracket
FIG. 42 is a representative perspective view of a structure during its constructive phase and illustrating another embodiment of an installation tool guide head;
FIG. 43 is a representative perspective view, partly in schematic, of a structure during its construction phase and illustrating a further embodiment of an installation tool guide head;
FIGS. 44A-B are perspective views of a guide head assembly for an installation tool in first and second operational modes, respectively;
FIG. 45 is a central sectional view of the guide head assembly of FIG. 44A;
FIGS. 46A-B are top views of the guide head assemblies of FIGS. 44A-B, respectively;
FIGS. 47A-B are side views of the guide head assembly of FIG. 46B in an installation position relative to a top plate, a roof support member and a vertical stud for the guide head assemblies of FIGS. 44A-B, respectively;
FIGS. 48A-B are side views of the guide head assemblies of FIGS. 47A-B, respectively, in relation to the top plate only;
FIGS. 49A-B show the guide head assemblies of FIGS. 44A-B, respectively, positioned against various vertical and horizontal structural members;
FIGS. 50A-B are side and perspective views of the guide head assembly of FIG. 44B in a third operational mode in relation to a vertical support and a truss member for a cathedral ceiling support;
FIG. 51 is a side elevational view of a guide head assembly spaced apart from the end portion of an installation tube illustrating a lock mechanism which is partly broken away to show detail;
FIG. 52 is a perspective view of the guide head assembly, lock mechanism and tube portion of FIG. 51 illustrating the engagement of the lock mechanism to couple the guide head assembly to the telescopic tube assembly of the installation tool;
FIG. 53 is a side view of the guide head assembly, the telescopic tube and the lock mechanism of FIG. 52;
FIGS. 54A-B are side elevational views of the guide head assembly, telescopic tube and lock mechanism of FIG. 53 with portions of the tube and lock mechanism broken away to show detail illustrating the locked and unlocked position of the lock mechanism, respectively;
FIG. 55 is a vertical side view illustrating the guide head assembly, tube portion and lock mechanism of FIG. 53 as positioned in conjunction with a top plate and a vertical support member and further illustrating a fastener driven through the guide head assembly;
FIG. 56 is a side elevational view of the guide head assembly, the tube portion and the lock mechanism of FIG. 53, partially broken away with portions in section, to show internal detail of the drive assembly/fastener engagement;
FIG. 57 is a side elevational view of the guide head assembly, the tube portion and the lock mechanism of FIG. 53, portions broken away with portions in section, to show interior detail illustrating a subsequent drive position for the drive assembly together with a fastener which has been driven by the installation tool through the guide head assembly;
FIGS. 58A and B are each a side view, portions broken away and portions removed, further illustrating a representative fastener, a guide head assembly and a strut assembly for an alternate embodiment of an installation tool further illustrating how the fastener penetration depth may be changed;
FIGS. 59A-C are respectively an enlarged perspectively end and side view of a spacer collar employed in the installation tool of FIG. 58B;
FIGS. 60A-E illustrate an embodiment of an automatic release trigger mechanism, portions broken away and portions in section, to show various progressive operational positions thereof from a fully extended position telescopic tool position illustrated in FIG. 60A;
FIG. 61 is a fragmentary side view of the strut assembly and installation tool portion of FIG. 58A;
FIGS. 62A and 62B are annotated side elevational views, partly in phantom, of a guide head for a fastener installation tool with a first indicator illustrating a non-flush and a flush position, respectively;
FIGS. 63A and 63B are annotated side elevational views of a guide head for a fastener installation tool with a second indicator illustrating a non-flush and a flush position, respectively;
FIGS. 64A and 64B are annotated side elevational views, partly in phantom, of a guide head for a fastener installation tool with a third indicator illustrating a non-flush and a flush position, respectively;
FIGS. 65A and 65B are annotated side elevational views of a guide head for a fastener installation tool with a fourth indicator illustrating a non-flush and a flush position, respectively;
FIG. 66 is a schematic view illustrating a flush position indicator which employs a light indicator as illustrated in FIGS. 64A and 64B; and
FIG. 67 is a schematic view illustrating a flush position indicator which employs an audible indicator as illustrated in FIGS. 65A and 65B.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
With reference to the drawings wherein like numerals represent like parts throughout the several figures, a fastener installation tool is generally designated by the numeral 10. The fastener installation tool 10 is a heavy-duty hand tool adapted for installing threaded fasteners 12 at a consistent angle of approximately 22½° (to the vertical) into a top plate for connection with a roof support member.
As best illustrated in FIGS. 4, 4A and 4B, for a representative structure 20 for which the installation tool 10 is particularly adapted, a top plate 22, which may include a single 2×4 or a double 2×4, is mounted at the top of spaced vertical studs 24. Roof support members 26 of roof trusses 28 are mounted and supported on the top plate 22. Threaded fasteners 12 are driven into the top plate at a 22½° angle for engagement with the roof support member 26. Multiple spaced threaded fasteners 12 are sequentially driven at pre-established spacings to provide the proper uplift resistance.
FIG. 4A illustrates the fastener driven at the upper location of the stud 24. FIG. 4B illustrates the fastener as driven at the location along the top plate between the vertical studs 24. The fasteners 12 are each preferably a six-inch fastener having a continuous threaded portion with a pointed tip and a head defining a socket or a six-inch TimberLOK® fastener manufactured and marketed by OMG, Inc., of Agawam, Mass. The TimberLOK® fastener 12 has a hex head 14 and a drill tip 16. Alternative configurations for head 14 are also possible.
As will be further described below, the installation tool 10 is preferably dimensioned, principally by means of the length of a telescopic tube assembly 30, to provide an installation tool which may be effectively used by installers having a wide range of height and reach for a wide range of commonly vertically dimensioned structures. The principal function of the telescopic tube assembly 30 is to exert positive forward or upward pressure against the top plate/roof support interface.
With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, representative tube assembly lengths are designated by L and l and representative fastener lengths are designated by D and d which also represents the travel distance to drive the screws. For one example in FIG. 5, L=36.14″ and D=8″. In FIG. 6, l=27.4″ and d=6″. The telescopic tube assembly 30 preferably has a maximum length of between 27.4 inches and 36.14 inches to accommodate the height and reach of the installer. For a six-inch fastener 12, the telescopic assembly 30 must retract 6 inches to drive the fastener, as will be described below.
The installation tool 10 dimensions allow for the tool to be effectively and efficiently used for connecting the top plates 22 to the roof support members 26 without requiring the use of a ladder, platforms or other means for providing the proper effective height relationship for driving the fasteners 12. Moreover, the proper fastener angle may be sequentially implemented from location to location along the top plate 22 to ensure a proper consistent angle for each of the multiple fasteners and to provide an integrated composite connection having an uplift resistance of high integrity.
The installation tool 10 preferably comprises a driver assembly 40 which includes a power driver 42. The driver 42 may be a conventional drill gun such as DeWalt™ model or an impact driver. The elongated telescopic tube assembly 30, which may have a rounded, rectangular or other profile, is mounted over and attaches to the forward torque end 44 of the driver 42. The telescopic tube assembly 30 comprises a proximal tube 32 which receives and mounts the driver 42 and a longer tube 34 secured to the tube 32. During fastener driving, tube 32 slides relative to tube 34 which essentially remains stationary in relation to the components to be connected by the fastener. Tube 34 terminates in a distal end 36.
A fastener guide assembly 50 is mounted at the distal tip 36 of the tube assembly. The guide assembly 50 provides the proper alignment structure for implementing the preferred 22½° entry angle for the fastener. The assembly 50 also engages the support member for stabilizing the installation tool during the driving process. The guide assembly 50 is dimensioned in accordance with the dimensions of a given fastener. The guide assembly has a fastener channel 52 which functions to receive and load the fastener in a muzzle-loading fashion. The fastener drill tip 16 is positioned proximate the channel opening 53. The fastener is inserted head 14 first into the fastener channel 52 of the guide assembly. The fastener head 14 is engaged by a complementary torque coupler 43, such as a socket, for a hex thread fastener or a projecting coupler for a fastening head socket at the applicator end of the torque drive assembly train 45. The drive train 45, which may include multiple components, extends through and is housed within the tube assembly 30 and is driven by the torque driver 42.
With reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, guide assembly 50 is preferably a cast or molded member of a lightweight rigid form which is mounted at the distal end 36 of the tube assembly. The guide assembly 50 has a frame 60 with a planar locating or engagement surface 62 disposed at an acute angle with respect to lower planar mounting surface 64. Mounting surface 64 preferably engages against the end of the tube assembly and transversely extends across the end of the tube 34. A planar end plate 66 is preferably perpendicular to surface 62 and is positioned and configured to closely approach or even contact the underside of the roof support member 26 (as will be explained below). The acute angle is preferably 22½°, although other angles may be provided depending on the intended application of the installation tool 10.
The fastener channel 52, which may be formed by a cylinder, has a central axis which is perpendicular to the surface 64. The fastener channel axis is disposed at an acute angle of preferably 22½° to the surface 62. Surface 62 defines the channel opening 53. The channel 52 receives the fastener 12 so that the head 14 is proximate and readily engageable with the torque coupler 43.
A transverse slot 65 receives an alignment bracket 68 having a T-shaped section which protrudes transversely at opposed sides of the engagement surface 62 and also projects outwardly from the surface 62. The alignment bracket 68 is positioned and configured to fit or ride below the 2×4 of the top plate 22 to ensure proper perpendicular alignment with the top plate 22. The alignment bracket 68 may be secured in the frame by a friction or interference fit or may be secured by a fastener (not illustrated) to the frame and can be transversely moved. In one embodiment, the bracket C is located approximately 1⅝ inches below the end plate 68.
The upper portion of the frame is traversed by a slot 69 which receives a metal stabilizer plate 70. The stabilizer plate is secured in place by a threaded adjustment knob 72. The knob 72 connects with a threaded rod 74. The rod extends through an opening in the plate 70 and threads into a central threaded opening 75. The stabilizer plate 70 preferably has a square configuration with four vertices which form edges 76. The edges 76 are sharpened. When the plate 70 is mounted in position, one edge 76 or vertex projects upwardly from the end surface 66 of the frame. Openings 78 are provided in the plate to provide a height adjustment for vaulted ceilings and other configurations. Alternatively, the projecting structure is in the form of a barb.
The function of the stabilizer plate 70 is to provide a stabbing point to engage into the wood proximate the interface of the top plate 22 and the roof support member 26 to thereby stabilize the tool and prevent movement while the fastener is being torqued by the installation tool. The stabilization is especially important at the initial stages of driving the fastener.
In addition, the stabilizer plate functions to present a stabbing point so that upon inspection, an inspector will readily perceive that the fastener is at the proper angle.
The guide assembly 50 is positioned by the installer at the intersection of the top plate 22 and the roof support member 26 with the projecting stabilizer plate edge 76 engaging into the wood and the engagement surface 62 engaging in surface-to-surface relationship against the vertical side of the top plate 22. The end surface 66 is typically positioned proximate the underside of the roof support member 26, but is slightly offset due to the less than complete penetration of the stabilizer edge, and the alignment bracket 68 engages the lower edge portion of the top plate 22.
Prior to engagement of the guide assembly with the top plate/roof support structure (as previously described), a fastener 12 is dropped into the fastener channel 52 with the fastener head 14 proximate to or engaging with the complementary coupler 43. A portion of the fastener 12 is typically initially received in a chamber of tube 34 adjacent the distal end 36. The fastener drill tip 16 is proximate the channel opening 53 in the engagement plate 62. It will be appreciated that the guide assembly 50 as properly positioned provides the proper entry point and entry angle for the fastener 12 as the fastener is driven through the top plate 22 into the roof support member 26.
With reference to FIGS. 42 and 43, alternative embodiments of the guide assembly that mount to the end of the telescopic tube assembly of an installation tool are generally designated as guide head 150A and guide head 150B, respectively. These guide heads include additional features both for providing the proper alignment and positioning for the screw and for enhancing the ability of the operator and/or an inspector to verify that a proper connection has been made. Each of the guide heads has a frame 160 with a planar locating surface 162 disposed at an acute angle with respect to a tube assembly. Locating surface 162 defines a channel opening for the fastener channel access of the tube assembly. A planar end plate 166 is configured to engage or closely approach the underside of the roof support member 26.
An L-shaped bracket preferably extends transversely at opposed sides of the engagement surface and projects outwardly from the surface to provide an alignment bracket 168 to engage the vertical support 24. Bracket 168 may be adjustable. A pair of arms 180 and 182 are pivotally mounted at the top of the frame. One or more of the arms 180 and 182 may be pivoted upwardly to engage a vertical side of member 26 and provide a proper positioning relative to the roof support member 26.
A stabber point 170 projects through the end plate 166. In addition, the upper portion of the frame mounts a linear ink pad 190. In the embodiment position illustrated in FIGS. 42 and 43, the guide heads 160A and 160B have not been positioned against the roof support member 26. Upon proper positioning, the pivotal arms 180 and 182 would engage against the sides of the support member 26, and the ink pad would make a linear mark indicated at 191 on the bottom of the roof support member 26. In addition, the stabber 170 would stab into the wood and leave a mark 171 as indicated. It should be appreciated that either the ink mark 191 or the stab mark 171 could be used to identify both the proper fastener as well as the proper entry angle of the fastener and accordingly indicate that a proper connection has been completed.
The guide head 150B illustrated in FIG. 43 has a pair of barbs 176 projecting from the end plate 166. When properly engaged under the roof support member 26, the pair of barbs would provide two marks 177 which would again provide a unique marking for indicating the proper connection. Of course, the barbs 176 also enhance the stability of the installation tool and the fastener during the installation process.
The installation tool preferably includes an auxiliary handle (in addition to the handle on the driver 40) to facilitate two-handed positioning and stability during the driving process. Various auxiliary handle configurations can be employed.
With reference to FIGS. 2 and 9, an auxiliary handle 80 is slidably mounted to the tube and is longitudinally adjustable to provide an auxiliary handle for the installer. The handle 80 includes a rear grip 82 which radially projects radially or quasi-radially relative to the longitudinal axis of the tube assembly. A forward rod 84 extends from the grip generally parallel to the tube assembly. The rod 84 connects to a forward yoke 86 which envelopes the outer surface of the tube assembly and is slidable along the tube assembly. The intermediate portion of the rod is received in a cam lock 88 carried by the fixed proximal tube 32 that mounts to the forward portion of the driver 42. The rod locks in place with the cam lock 88.
The tube 34 telescopes with the proximal tube 32 and is slidably receivable throughout the driving of the fastener 12 in the installation process as the fastener is driven to complete the connection. The changing dynamic relationships of the fastener 12, the guide assembly 50, the telescopic tube assembly 30 and the handle 80 at the various stages of installation are illustrated in FIG. 9.
The auxiliary handle 80 is selectively adjustable by the installer to provide maximum stability and comfort to the installer. The handle locks in place with a pin 85. The handle 80 is initially adjustable. A button 87 is pressed to release the telescoping tube 34 from its fixed relationship with the proximal tube 32 and drive the threaded fastener. The handle 80 essentially remains stationary as the driver moves during the installation progress, as best illustrated in FIG. 9. The tube 32 retracts relative to tube 34 to accommodate the progressive expelling of the fastener 12 from the fastener chamber 52. The telescoping tubes 32 and 34 only lock when in the fully driven position, at which point, the fastener 12 is fully driven.
It should be appreciated that approximately six-inch driving link is required for driving a six-inch fastener.
With reference to FIGS. 10, 11 and 12A-C, an automatic locking handle is generally designated by the numeral 90. The handle 90 is generally configured to radially extend from the proximal tube 32 and slide along the tube 32 during the driving process until it automatically locks at the full drive position. The handle has an orthogonally projecting grip 92 which connects with a yoke 94. The yoke 94 wraps around the tube 32 and is exteriorly slidable therealong.
The automatic locking handle 90 is automatically locked by the use of balls 96 which are entrapped in a bearing 98. The driving rod 49 has a varying diameter along a longitudinal portion. As best illustrated in the sequence of FIGS. 12A-C, as the fastener 12 is driven, the geometry of the driving rod has reduced diametric surfaces allowing the balls to slip by and the outer distal tube 34 to fully telescope. The external handle can be placed anywhere along the proximal tube 32. It will be appreciated that as the fastener 12 is driven, the handle is rearwardly displaced toward the driver 42 until a fully locked position is obtained and the telescoping tube 34 is retracted.
With reference to FIGS. 13, 14 and 15A-D, another handle which may be employed for a third embodiment of a fastener installation tool is generally designated by the numeral 110. The handle 110 includes a circumferential grip 112 which extends around the proximal tube 132. The grip 112 may be easily moved along the base tube 32 and tightened in position or loosened by means of a twisting motion on the grip about the longitudinal axis of the tube assembly 30.
A protrusion 114 rides within an internal slot 116 which is attached in fixed relationship to the driver 42. The proximal tube 132 forms the internal slot 116, and the sliding tube 134 includes an external rib 147. The internal slot 116 is not aligned with the rib 147 in the dormant/non-drive state (FIG. 15A). As the driver starts to drive, the protrusion 114 starts to ride in the internal slot 116 until it changes geometry and twists, thereby causing the handle to twist (FIGS. 15B-C). The foregoing continues until the second slot is aligned with the external rib, thereby allowing the tube 134 to fully telescope inwardly (FIG. 15D). When the installer feels the handle 110 rotate slightly, the installer knows that the fastener 12 has been sufficiently initially driven, and the installer can release the grip 112 on the handle and place both hands on the driver 42.
Naturally, other handles are possible. In some embodiments, an auxiliary handle as such is not required. In such embodiments, the installer merely grips along the tube assembly at a location that appears to be most advantageous.
The installation tool 10 is preferably battery powered and includes a chargeable battery power pack. However, in some embodiments, the power driver (not illustrated) may be directly electrically powered and include a cord which connects with the power line.
With reference to FIGS. 16A and 16B, two different structural heights of the top plane 22 and two appropriately dimensioned installation tools for relatively tall and short installers (shown in silhouette) are illustrated, it should be appreciated that the dimensioning of the telescopic tube assembly 30, in terms of longitudinal length, is established to accommodate the preferred application in connection with connecting a top plate 22 to a roof support member 26 without the installer needing a ladder or a platform to obtain the correct reach for driving the fastener. In addition, because the height and reach of an installer may significantly vary, the length of the telescopic tube assembly 30 is preferably selected to accommodate a wide range of installers' physical dimensions.
For applications wherein a fastener greater than 6 inches or even less than 6 inches may be applicable, an alternative guide assembly may be employed. For such a guide assembly, the effective depth of the fastener channel is altered. In addition, the telescopic extremes of the telescopic tubes 32 and 34 are adjusted to accommodate for the driving length for the fastener. Naturally, the coupler of the installation tool is adapted to complement the head of the fastener.
It should also be appreciated that for applications in which an angle other than 22½° is desired, the guide assembly may also be configured so that the fastener channel is at an acute angle relative to the engagement surface at the prescribed optimum angle. Naturally, the position of the alignment bracket 68 may also be varied in accordance with a specific project. Multiple guide assemblies for various installation angles may be provided and attached to the telescopic tube assembly as desired.
For some embodiments, the power driver 40 is easily dismounted from the telescopic tube assembly 30. The telescopic tube assembly may employ a receiver configured to receive and functionally attach to a wide range of dismountable drill guns without the torque driver being fully integrated with the telescopic tube assembly.
With reference to FIGS. 17-25, another embodiment of an installation tool (which does not show the power driver assembly) is generally designated by the numeral 200 (FIG. 17). Installation tool 200 includes a receiver 202 for the power driver assembly (not illustrated), a telescopic tube assembly 230 comprising telescopic tubes 232 and 234, and a fastener guide head assembly 250 which is mounted at the end 236 of tube 234.
A handle assembly 210 is disposed in longitudinally fixed relationship to tube 234 and includes a trigger 212 which is depressible into one of essentially two positions. One partially depressed position of the trigger 212 allows for the handle assembly to be angularly adjusted about the longitudinal axis of the distal tube 234 at a preset defined angular position. The full depressed position of the trigger 212 allows for the proximal tube 232 to be retracted relative to the distal tube 234 when the fastener 12 is driven. The handle assembly 210 also provides for two-handed support of the tool so that the stabilizing edge 276 can be effectively stabbed into the support member. It should be appreciated that the tubes 232 and 234 do not rotate relative to each other with the non-rotatable position being ensured by a longitudinal flat 236 which engages through the handle assembly.
With reference to FIGS. 19A-B and 23-25, the handle 210 has a grip portion 214 which carries the trigger 212. The handle assembly 210 is attached to the distal tube 234 by a yoke 240 which is longitudinally fixed between a pair of collars 241 and 243. The trigger 212 moves a ramp 216 which engages complementary ramp 218 of a plunger 220. The plunger 220 has a radially acting detent 222 which is biased inwardly into the tube 234.
A plurality of (preferably five) recesses 225 are angularly spaced in fixed relationship to the outer tube 234. The projectable detent 222 is longitudinally aligned with the recesses 225 and receivable in a selected recess for retention under the plunger bias. Upon depressing the trigger 212, the detent 222 is retracted from a recess 225. Angularly rotating the grip 214 relative to the distal tube 234 allows detent 222 to be angularly engageable into a selected recess 225 to fix the angular position of the handle assembly 210 as desired by the installer. That angular position is further secured by a thumb screw 246 at the top which is tightened to secure the desired angular position.
A pair of internal collar mounts 245 and 247 are respectively fixedly mounted interiorly of the tubes 232 and 234. The mounts allow rotational and axial movement of the drive train. A spring 248 bears against the mounts and essentially biases the tubes 232 and 234 to a maximum extended position which is limited by a stop 249. The spring 248 may be optional. Stop 249 allows for replacement of the driver bit 282 to complement the fastener head. The plunger detent 222 also extends through an opening 223 to prevent movement between the distal tube 234 and the proximal tube 232 and thus fix the effective tool length. When the trigger 212 is fully depressed, the plunger is retracted from the opening 223 to allow the proximal tube to move relative to the distal tube against the bias of the spring 248 until the fastener is fully driven.
With additional reference to FIGS. 5, 17 and 20-22, a dual floating alignment bushing or receiver guide 280 is mounted at the interior of the distal tube 234 and has a central opening which receives the output coupler 284 of the drive train 282. The guide 280 ensures a concentric alignment between the fastener and the driver. The dual receiver guide 280 has a double conical or funnel-like constriction 286 which receives the head 14 of the fastener 12 and centers it for engagement by the coupler 284 as illustrated.
A fastener guide head assembly 250 is mounted at the distal tip 236 of the tube assembly. The guide head assembly 250 has a generally cylindrical base 251 which is retained to the distal tube 234 by means of one or more set screws 239 (FIG. 17). A sleeve 252 extends through the base 251 to form a channel which receives and guides the fastener 12. Surface 262 defines the sleeve input opening 253 to sleeve 252 for the fastener as correspondingly described with respect to guide assembly 50. The sleeve 252 receives the fastener so that the head 14 is properly positioned to be readily engageable by the torque coupler 282. The major thread diameters of the fastener 12 and the interior diameter of the sleeve 252 are configured so that the interior diameter of the sleeve is only slightly larger than the major thread diameters of the fastener. Preferably, the maximum diameter of the head 14 is approximately equal to the major diameter of the threads. It will be appreciated that as the fastener 12 is loaded into the guide head assembly 250, the head 14 moves through the sleeve or channel 252 and is convergently directed via the funnel-like constriction 286 (FIG. 20) toward engagement with the torque coupler 284 of the drive train. The coupler 284 is also axially centered by the dual receiver guide 280. The dual receiver guide 280 can axially move or float within the tube. The movement is inwardly limited by a dimple 281.
The guide head assembly 250 is preferably a cast or molded member of lightweight rigid form which includes a frame extending from the base with a planar engagement surface 262 disposed at an acute angle with respect to the lower planar mounting surface 264. Mounting surface 264 preferably engages against the end of the tube assembly and transversely extends across the distal end 236 of the tube 234. A planar end plate 266 is parallel to surface 264 and positioned to engage the underside of the roof support member 26. The acute angle is preferably 22½°, although other angles may be provided depending on the intended application of the installation tool. The specific angle can be provided with a guide head assembly having the required angle of the sleeve or guide channel relative to the engagement surface 262.
A transverse slot 265 receives an L-shaped alignment bracket 268 which protrudes transversely at opposed sides of the engagement surface 262 and also projects outwardly from the surface 262. A set screw 271 secures the bracket 268 and allows the bracket 268 to be adjusted laterally, for example, when required at corners. The alignment bracket 268 is positioned and configured to fit below the 2×4 at the top plate 22 to ensure proper perpendicular alignment with the top plate. For corner configurations, the alignment bracket 268 may be moved to an extreme lateral position, either left or right of the position as shown in FIG. 21.
The upper portion of the frame is traversed by a slot 269 which receives a metal stabilizer plate 270. The stabilizer plate is secured by an adjustment knob 272 which connects with a threaded rod 274. The rod extends through an opening in the plate and threads into separate threaded opening 275. The stabilizer plate 270 preferably has a square configuration with four vertices which form edges 276. The edges 276 are sharpened. When the guide head assembly 250 is properly positioned a sharp edge 276 projects upwardly from the edge surface 266 of the frame. The function of the stabilizer plate 270 with edge 276 is to provide a stabbing structure to engage into the wood proximate the interface of the top plate 22 and the roof support member 26 to thereby stabilize the tool 200 and prevent movement or walking while the fastener 12 is being torqued by the installation tool. The stabilization is important at the initial stages of driving the fastener.
FIGS. 26-29 illustrate installation tools 300, 400, 500 and 600 which incorporate various adapters for coupling with the conventional rotary driver tools.
FIG. 26 illustrates an installation tool 300 which an adapter 302 for attachment to the type of rotary driver tool which includes a collar mounted auxiliary handle. Such handles are frequently found on hammer type drills to provide additional leverage for the user. In this case, the disclosed adapter 302 replaces the auxiliary handle of the driver tool 340 with a collar attachment to secure the adapter to the rotary driver behind the chuck. The chuck is used to secure the extended length drive shaft to the rotary driver and a grip 310 permits the user to securely grasp and maneuver the tool 300 and adapter 302. The grip 310 of the tube assembly 330 receives a manually fed plunger front portion. The plunger front portion is configured to telescope inside the grip of the adapter during screw installation. The manual feed plunger incorporates a screw guide 353 which surrounds and guides the screw during installation. The guide head 350 is configured to permit the user to accurately place the screw in the center of a wood structural member so that the screw will be installed centered on the truss and parallel to truss orientation, and preferably at a 22.5° angle with respect to a vertical direction. This 22.5° angle is selected to ensure that the installed screw passes through the lower building components and accurately penetrates an upper building component, for example a roof truss. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other angles may be suitable for other applications and that alternative plunger tip configurations will be desirable for other screw installations.
The rotary tool adapter illustrated in FIG. 26 includes a cylindrical screw magazine 390 disposed about the grip 310 of the tube assembly 330. In this embodiment, screws 392 are removed from the magazine 390 and manually inserted into the screw guide 353 located in the plunger front end of the tube assembly 330. The screw guide is configured to closely receive a screw without excess radial space around the screw. The screw guide is configured to accurately start and deliver the screw 392 through the wood structural members. The length of the screw and the intended structural purpose of the installation require precise guidance and delivery of the screw through the associated wood members.
FIG. 27 illustrates an installation tool 400 with a second embodiment of a tool adapter for use with the disclosed construction system. The embodiment of FIG. 27 illustrates a pistol grip adapter 402 configured to engage a rotary driver tool 440. The pistol grip permits the user to maintain control over the adapter and rotary tool during screw installation. This embodiment also includes a grip 412 forward of the pistol grip 410 and a plunger/screw guide 453 at the forward end of the tube assembly 430. The tip of the plunger/screw guide is configured to assist the operator to drive screws at the 22.5° angle (FIG. 27, lower right), though other tip configurations and angles are compatible with the disclosed construction system. The embodiment of FIG. 27 shows an arrangement where the position of the pistol grip 410 is adjustable on the rear portion of the tube assembly 430. This arrangement permits the user to customize the ergonomics of the adapter to the task and an operator. A lever actuated cam lock system 414 allows the user to disengage the pistol grip 410 from a tubular rear portion and to fix the pistol grip in a selected alternative position. FIG. 27 illustrates a view of a guide head 450 for the screw guide plunger which includes a sight line enhancing an operator's ability to center the screw on a structural member during installation.
FIGS. 28A and 28B illustrate an installation tool 500 with an alternative embodiment of a tool adapter 502. The embodiment of FIGS. 28A and 28B includes a pair of flexible arms 504 configured to elastically deform and grip the sides of a rotary driver tool 540. Thermoplastic resin pads 506 enhance frictional engagement between the arms and the sides of the rotary tool. The adapter 502 of FIGS. 28A and 28B also includes an extended grip area 510 for use by the operator. The screw guide/plunger front end of the adapter is shown with one of several contemplated plastic guide heads 550. The illustrated head 550 is configured to aid the operator in installing a screw at a 22.5° angle relative to the vertical as previously described. A plurality of plastic tips for mounting on the end of the screw guide can be swapped out for different screw installation purposes.
In installation tool 600 with a further alternative tool adapter 602 is disclosed in FIG. 29. In this embodiment, the adapter is secured to the rotary tool by a ratchet type strap 604 extending from the sides of the adapter around a rear portion of the rotary tool 640. This configuration permits the adapter to be securely integrated with the rotary tool. Various means may be provided to tighten the ratchet strap in a manner similar to arrangements used on snow sport bindings for example. In the embodiment of FIG. 29, the rear grip portion 610 has an ergonomic shape and a textured grip area to enhance operator ease of use and safety. The embodiment of FIG. 29 shows a molded plastic plunger guide head 650 with an integrated molded 6″ screw clip 690. The grip portion 610 is configured to permit the forward plunger portion to recede into the grip portion during screw delivery. A pump action screw feeder is illustrated where screws are moved from a clip to a screw guide by manual cycling of the manual pump grip 695. Once the first screw is manually fed into the screw guide, further screws may be delivered with the longitudinal cycling of the screw guide during subsequent screw installation. A sight line 691 on top of a clip 690 enhances the user's ability to center the screw guide on a structural member for accurate delivery of screws.
Accessories can also aid in efficient use of the disclosed installation tools and the construction system. Various ways of maintaining a supply of fasteners on the person of an operator are disclosed. Such accessories minimize the necessity to interrupt installation to renew a supply of fasteners. For example, FIG. 30 illustrates a belt holster 700 holding several screws from which the operator efficiently retrieves a screw and manually installs each screw in a screw guide.
FIGS. 31A-31B and 32A-32B respectively illustrate a bandolier 700A and leg mounted screw holster 700B as alternatives for maintaining a number of screws 702 on the person of the operator. The screw holding systems illustrated in FIGS. 31A-31B and 32A-32B may include magnets arranged to maintain screws in the disclosed holders while the worker is moving about the construction site. This reduces the chance that screws may fall out of the disclosed holders and enhance ease of use. The fastener holders of FIGS. 30-32B may include tapered plastic tubes 704 for each fastener. The tubes can be configured to cover the sharp points of the fasteners to avoid inadvertent injury to the operator. For example, the bottom end of the tapered tubes 704 may be closed.
The disclosed installation tools may be adapted for use in driving a wide range of fasteners to implement various connections of wood components in a wood structure. A preferred fastener 900 which has particular applicability for providing a connection between a top plate and a truss frame is illustrated in FIG. 33. Fastener 900 is a six-inch fastener which has an uninterrupted thread 910 extending from a gimlet point 912 toward a head 914. The thread 910 is approximately five inches. In one embodiment, the gimlet point has a 30° angle. The head 914 has a socket which may be a T25 Autosert drive or other socket configuration with a fixed diameter that preferably ranges from 0.260 to 0.290 inches, which is approximately the major diameter of the thread 910.
Depending upon the application, a number of other fasteners are possible depending upon the connection to be implemented as well as the specific structural components.
FIGS. 34A-34D illustrate representative fasteners compatible with the disclosed construction system. The disclosed fasteners 920A and 920B are double-threaded, having a self-drilling tip 922 and approximately 2″ bottom thread 924 paired with a threadless center shank portion 926 and 1½″-2″ top thread. The top thread 928 (under the head 930A and 930B) is for increasing head pull-through performance. The top thread 928 in one configuration has a higher pitch, e.g., a greater number of threads per inch, to reduce the rate of penetration of the fastener as the top thread enters the wood during installation. This configuration will reduce the likelihood of board jacking and enhance clamping during installation. The top thread 928 may be of the same major and minor diameter as the bottom thread or may have a larger major and/or minor diameter to enhance pull-through resistance. The axial length of the top thread 928 may be as short as ½″ depending upon the configuration of the upper thread and the desired pull-through resistance. The threadless center portion of the screw is arranged to permit maximum penetration of the bottom thread 924 into the various structural members prior to engagement of the top thread. The screws are illustrated with a Torx type drive socket 932 configured to facilitate automated or mechanized screw installation in the disclosed screw guides.
Different bright colors or tints are applied to the screws 920A and 920B to readily identify the fastener for both proper connection and inspection purposes. Currently, building inspectors can easily identify metal brackets applied to structural members. The alternative use of threaded fasteners potentially makes inspections more problematic. Threaded fasteners are not as easily seen by building inspectors. Even if the inspector can see the ends of the fasteners, the inspector would not necessarily know what type of fastener is installed. The disclosed construction system addresses this issue by applying bright colors to the fastener or at least the head of each fastener. Brightly colored fastener heads 930A and 930B provide a clear visual indication of the type of fastener installed in a given locaton. Bright colors can also help builders and workers to identify the correct fastener for a particular purpose.
FIGS. 35A-35E illustrate an embodiment of the representative installation tool and construction system being used to install the disclosed threaded fasteners to connect various structural components. Note that the construction worker standing on the floor has clear sight lines to the installed fasteners whether the installation is overhead or at floor level. The worker is neither climbing a ladder nor squatting down at floor level. The disclosed construction system should enhance workers' safety and productivity while reducing the possibility of injury or worker discomfort.
FIGS. 36A-36C illustrate a proposed embodiment of a fastener 940 compatible with the disclosed construction system. A Torx drive socket 942 in the screw head 944 is shown but other socket-type drive heads, such as square drive, Torx T-Tap, Torx Plus, Phillips, etc. are possible. The head 944 of the fastener employs an internal (socket) type drive, is compact and relatively small in diameter to reduce the likelihood of interference with other building components such as sheathing on the outside and sheetrock on the inside of a structure. The relatively small head can reduce the fastener resistance to pulling through wood structural members when subjected to forces along the axis of the fastener.
In the disclosed fastener 940 shown in FIGS. 36A-36C, it can be seen that the top thread 946 has a higher pitch than the bottom thread 948. This thread pitch differential between top and bottom threads for some applications to reduces board jacking and enhances building component clamping during installation of the disclosed screws. The top threads of the disclosed fasteners are configured to enhance pull-through resistance of the disclosed fasteners. It will be noted that the major diameter of the top thread 946 is larger than the major diameter of the bottom thread 948. The disclosed fastener employs a single diameter shank which is formed to result in the disclosed thread patterns. Multi-diameter blanks are also contemplated where the diameter of the shank at the top of the fastener may be larger to provide more material for the top thread resulting in enhanced pull-through resistance. The disclosed threaded fasteners are contemplated between 5.25″-6″ in length but length will vary depending on the intended purpose of the fastener. The illustrated fastener 940 has a 2″ bottom thread 948 and a 1.75″ top thread 946. The length of the top thread and the length of the unthreaded center portion of the screw shank can be varied to tune screw performance.
While the fastener 940 employs a thread configuration where the top thread 946 has a higher thread count (TPI) than the bottom thread 948, fasteners with the same thread count or a bottom thread having a higher thread count than the top thread may be useful for some purposes.
FIGS. 37A-37C illustrate an alternative screw configuration 960 contemplated as useful for certain locations in a structure. This fastener is a single thread fastener with a fin 962 or wing type boring feature adjacent to the tip. Fastener 960 may be suitable for a bottom plate to rim joist applications for example. The flared head 964 of this fastener provides enhanced pull-through resistance in locations where interference with sheathing or sheetrock is not a concern. The boring feature reduces the possibility of cracking the wood structural member during screw installation. This fastener has a large diameter main thread 966 to reduce strip out of the fastener when tightening multiple plies of laminated veneer lumber beams together. Alternatively, the boring feature may be configured as more of a fin type wing that can appear as a spiral and may be applied by a threading machine, eliminating the need for a secondary pointing operation. There may be two, three or four fins 962 that are equi-angularly distributed about the circumference of the screw tip. Each of the fasteners illustrated in FIGS. 36A-36C and 37A-37C are configured so that the head penetrates slightly into a structural member or sits flat against the member to prevent interference with other building components such as sheathing or brackets, straps and joist hangers that may need to be installed.
FIGS. 38A-38C illustrate various metal brackets and straps that may be employed in conjunction with the disclosed construction system. FIGS. 38A-38C illustrates the junction of a roof truss with the top plate of a structure. This is a location where many building codes require that the truss be strapped or tied to the top plate using a hurricane tie or the like. Metal plates 802 are typically used to hold truss components together. Such truss plates 802 are installed in a factory setting and include perforations that provide metal penetrating barbs to hold the plate to the truss components, thereby securing the truss components to each other. The resulting perforated configuration may provide an opportunity to attach L-shaped brackets 804 to tie the roof truss to the top plate of the wall as shown in FIGS. 38A-38C. Screws or bolts 806 may pass through the roof truss plates 802 and L-shaped brackets 804. Threaded fasteners 808 may be used to attach the lower portion of the L-shaped bracket to the top plate. FIG. 38C illustrates an L-shaped bracket 804 with perforations and wood penetrating barbs arranged to match the perforations in the truss plates. The L-shaped bracket 804 could be installed by pressing or hammering into the truss plates and threaded fasteners 808 can be employed to tie the L-shaped bracket 804 to the top plate.
FIGS. 391A-39E illustrates a possible alternative configuration for a truss plate. The disclosed truss plate 810 is U-shaped with the vertical portions of the U including perforations and wood penetrating points configured to secure the truss plate to the truss components. The bottom portion of the U-shape includes wood penetrating barbs 812 directed away from the truss and intended to penetrate the top plate of the wall. Threaded fasteners 814 contemplated in the disclosed construction system are then installed to tie the truss to the top plate and wall. The downward extending barbs 812 from the proposed U-shaped truss plate grip the top plate and enhance a secure connection of the truss to the wall. Further, the metal bottom panel 818 of the proposed truss plate 810 enhance pull-through resistance of the fastener relative to the truss.
FIGS. 40A-40B illustrates an alternative metal construction bracket system. Flexible metal brackets 820 are arranged in elongated strips with score marks 822 or indentations between the segments. The elongated strips may be cut or broken between segments to provide metal brackets of different length. FIG. 40A illustrates a five-segment bracket placed to tie a vertical stud to a top plate and a roof truss. The disclosed metal brackets 820 include metal perforations which can be pressed into the wood to provide a secure bracket to wood connection.
FIGS. 41A-41 D illustrates a tool 830 complementary to the disclosed flexible metal brackets 820. The tool 830 is configured to bend and clamp the proposed bracket in place, pushing the perforated metal barbs into the wood. A tool adapter 832 provides clamping force on the disclosed brackets. A rotary drive tool adapter is disclosed, though a hydraulic tool is also suitable for this purpose. The jaws of the tool include protrusions configured to mate with perforations on the brackets and push portions of the brackets into the wood, thereby attaching the brackets to the wood.
With reference to FIGS. 44A-53, a guide head assembly which is removably mountable to the distal end of a telescopic tube assembly 1230 for an installation tool, as previously described, is generally designated by the numeral 1050. The guide head assembly 1050 may be principally formed from a sturdy plastic composition, metal and/or other rigid material. The assembly comprises a frame 1060 with a locating surface 1062 and a top portion 1064 defining a locating end 1066. The guide head assembly 1050 has a protruding cylindrical or quasi-cylindrical connecting extension 1070 having a diameter slightly less than the inside diameter of the distal telescopic tube 1234 to facilitate mounting therewith.
The frame 1060 mounts a pair of pivotal wings 1080 and 1082 which are individually or cooperatively projectable to provide a supplemental guide surface for engaging a structural member, such as illustrated in FIGS. 47A, 48A, 49B and 50B, to facilitate positioning and stabilization of the guide head assembly. The wings 1080 and 1082 preferably have a bent strip-like shape with an intermediate bend forming a shallow divergent distal portion to provide a guiding and locating function during the positioning of the installation tool. Either of the wings 1080 and 1082 may be projected, or both projected depending on the construction configuration and optimal positioning of the guide head assembly 1050. When both of the wings 1080 and 1082 are projected, they are substantially parallel and spaced a distance equal to the width of the captured structural member 1010 which may be a 2×4, 2×6, 2×8 or other standard size (FIG. 48A). The wings 1080 and 1082 may be retracted when required for a specific application so that they do not interfere with proper positioning. The wing pivot assemblies 1084 and 1086 are biased or have a friction fit to maintain a given pivot position. In the projected position, the wings are slightly biased into engagement with a structural member.
The guide head assembly 1050 mounts a stabber 1090 with a distal stabilizing piercing point 1094 which projects at the locating end 1066 of the guide head assembly. The point 1094 functions to provide a stabbing structure for penetrating into a wood construction member, as previously described for stabilizing the position of the guide head assembly (and the installation tool).
A side of the frame generally opposite the locating surface 1062, but generally inclined relative thereto, mounts a second stabber assembly 1100. This stabber assembly 1100 includes an elongated spear-like stabber 1102 having a distal convergent point 1104 which is adapted to engage into a construction member to provide a spaced second stabilizing point for the guide head assembly. The top 1064 of the guide head assembly generally spans at least three inches to facilitate stabilization of the guide head relative to the structural members. The stabber 1102 preferably has a central longitudinal slot 1106 (FIGS. 45, 50A). A lever 1110 mounts a cam driven clamp plate 1112 which engages against the top of the stabber 1102 to clamp the stabber at a fixed position. A shank extending below the plate extends through the slot and is anchored to the frame 1060. This second stabilizing point 1104 is thus adjustable in terms of position relative to the guide head assembly so that, as best illustrated in FIGS. 50A-B, the second stabilizing point 1104 or stabber, can engage into the bottom cord of a truss or rafter 1012 which is disposed at an angle to the horizontal and can thus provide an effective second stabilizer point to accommodate a cathedral ceiling configuration. In some embodiments, the stabber 1102 can effectively engage a ceiling up to a 12/12 pitch. Thus, the adjustable stabber assembly 1100 provides a second stabilization point for the installation tool and a stabilization point that is adjustable also in a construction context for roof truss assemblies for walls that are not oriented 90° relative to the ceiling.
With additional reference to FIG. 45, the guide head frame defines a fastener channel 1052 juxtaposed at an angle θ to the locating surface 1062 (angle θ is preferably 22½°. A disposable/replaceable cylindrical sleeve 1120 is insertable into the channel 1052 to facilitate centering of the fastener (which is dropped into the channel in a breach loading fashion). The centering sleeve 1120 is typically made of a softer material than that of the hardened fastener, and accordingly, after sufficient wear, may be replaced. The sleeve may assume various forms, and, in one embodiment, is secured by a pin 1144.
The connecting extension 1070 of the guide head assembly further defines an enlarged connecting channel 1072 which aligns with the fastener channel 1052. A floating guide 1130 having an inverted conical surface 1132 forming a surface of revolution about an axial opening 1034 and defining a funnel-like structure is inserted into the enlarged connecting channel 1072. As best illustrated in FIG. 56, the floating guide 1130 engages the head 14 of the fastener and centers the head so that it may be concentrically engaged by the fastener coupler or driver bit 1140 of the driver assembly.
With additional reference to FIGS. 58A-B and 59A-C, the penetration depth of the fastener may be selected to provide a pre-established final depth position for the fastener. For some embodiments, it is preferred that the fastener head 14 be flush with the surface of the wood component (see FIG. 58B). For other applications, it is desired that the head of the fastener be 0.200 to 0.250 ins. proud so that a building inspector can easily locate and verify same during inspections (see FIG. 58A). The former flush penetration depth is accomplished by clipping a spacer collar 1250 over the proximal tube 1232 between a grip and either the chuck or a strut connecting portion, as described below. The proud fastener head position is obtained by removing the collar 1250 or the absence of the collar 1250 (FIG. 58A). When not in use, the collar 1250 may be clipped to a strut assembly, as described below. With additional reference to FIGS. 55 and 57, it should be appreciated that the length of the shank 1142 of fastener coupler or the driver bit 1140 may also be selected to provide a pre-established penetration depth for the fastener.
With reference to FIGS. 51-57, it is important that the guide head assembly 1050 be positively locked to the telescopic tube assembly 1230 because the guide head assembly may be wedged into the structure due to the stabbing impact of the stabilizing points 1094 and 1104, as will be further discussed below. It is also desirable that the guide head assembly be easily removable from the tube assembly for replacement and/or adjustment. In this regard, the connecting extension 1070 includes an exterior recess or slot 1072 which is located in a selected arcuate portion thereof.
A lock mechanism 1200 is mounted around the outside of the tube 1234 of the telescopic tube assembly 1230 at a distal end location. The lock mechanism 1200 comprises a cam lock 1210 with a lever 1212 having a latch 1214 which is pivotally activatable for reception into the catch provided by the retention slot 1072. The locked position is best illustrated in FIGS. 53 and 54A. Because it is contemplated that each guide head assembly may be readily removed, adjusted, serviced and replaced as required, the lock mechanism 1200 may be easily released, such as illustrated in FIG. 54B, and the guide head assembly 1052 withdrawn from the telescopic tube. In some applications, an array of guide head assemblies defining different entry angles may be provided. The guide head assemblies may also be provided with various other modifications. For example, guide head assemblies having guide channels for various differently dimensioned fasteners may be provided. Stabber components 1090, 1100, wear cylinder 1120 and driver bit 1140 may also be replaced.
With reference to FIGS. 58A, 58B and 61, the installation tool in one embodiment employs a Milwaukee model 0299-20, heavy duty ½ inch, power drill gun 1300 with a chuck 1310, a butt portion 1320 thereof and a depressible trigger 1340 for operating the drill gun 1300. A heavy duty strut assembly 1350 rigidly connects with the lower portion of the butt portion 1320 and extends diagonally to rigidly connect with the tube assembly 1230 adjacent the forward end of the chuck 1310. The purpose of the strut assembly 1350 is to provide additional stabilizing bracing to resist the bending of the installation tool at the proximal portion of the drive shaft. The base 1360 of the strut assembly 1350 also provides a protection when the tool is placed on the ground or other surface during the loading of each new fastener. An upper connector 1370 has a recess 1372 for receiving the spacer collar 1250 when not in use.
With reference to FIGS. 60A-E, an automatic release trigger assembly for the telescopic tube assembly 1230 is generally designated by the numeral 1500. The release trigger assembly interacts with the proximal and distal telescopic tubes 1232 and 1234 to ensure that the operator of the installation tool imparts a sufficient stabbing force into the wood truss that the guide head assembly 1050 does not retreat away from the wall during the initial driving of the fastener 12. The release trigger assembly 1500 functions to impose an initial pre-established impact force threshold prior to allowing the distal tube 1234 to telescope inwardly relative to the proximal tube 1232 (toward the drill gun 1300) when the gun trigger 1340 is depressed to drive the fastener. When the maximum penetration depth is obtained, the release trigger assembly 1500 locks the telescopic tubes 1232 and 1234 at the extreme retracted position.
The release trigger assembly 1500 has a casing 1510 which is fixed relative to the distal tube 1234. The casing 1510 has an outer grip 1512 and encloses an elongated trigger 1520 having an integral pawl 1522. The pawl 1522 has an inclined end 1524 (FIG. 60A). The trigger 1520 has an elongated slot 1526 which receives a pivot pin 1530 fixed to the casing 1510. The trigger 1520 has a protuberance 1528 generally opposite the pawl 1522. A compression spring 1540 has opposed ends 1542 and 1544. End 1542 connects via a fastener 1546 with protuberance 1528. End 1544 connects via pin 1532 fixed to the casing 1510.
The proximal tube 1232 has a detent 1550 with a forward incline 1552 and a rear vertical wall 1554 (FIG. 60C). The tube also has a linear elongated track 1556 and a rearward ramp 1558. The foregoing proximal tube structures operatively interact with the trigger pawl 1522 to provide the release trigger locking and telescoping features.
FIG. 60A shows the trigger 1520 in a fully extended telescopic tube position. The trigger pawl 1522 is received in the detent 1550. The telescopic tube assembly is only retracted after a pre-established stabbing force exceeds the force of spring 1540. The trigger 1520 is lifted and rides across the track 1556 and ramp 1558 under the bias of the spring 1540 while the fastener is driven and the tubes inwardly telescope. The spring force of spring 1540, which in one embodiment is 40 lbs., defines the stabbing force before the tubes telescope. The ramp has an incline which allows the proximal tube 1232 to retract inwardly into the distal tube 1234 until the pawl 1222 engages a catch when the extreme position of maximum depth for the fastener is reached. The linear trench of the pawl 1222 is substantially equal to the length of the fastener. At this point, the tubes lock and the gun trigger 1340 is released. The tubes of the telescopic tube assembly are now locked at the full retracted position.
With reference to FIGS. 62A-65B, four guide head assemblies 2050, 2150, 2250 and 2350 incorporate indicators for indicating to the installer that a flush position is obtained. It should be appreciated that the guide head assemblies may take numerous other forms consistent with the various guide head assemblies previously described in the specification. It will be appreciated that the significant factor in obtaining the proper entry angle using a telescopic installation tool is ensuring the proper flush position of the locating surface 2062, 2162, 2262 and 2362, respectively, (or reference structure that may be interrupted and not be continuously planar).
With reference to FIGS. 62A and 62B, guide head assembly 2050 incorporates an indicator module 2090. The guide head assembly has a fastener channel 2052 having a channel opening 2053 which is disposed at an angle θ with respect to the planar locating surface 2062. It will be appreciated that the guide head assembly includes a connecting extension 1070. The extension mounts to a tube assembly 30. The tube assembly has a drive train 45 for a fastener coupler 43 (not shown in these particular drawings). The guide head assembly 2050 also includes an end locating surface 2066 and a stabber/stabilizer 2076 as well as guide means 2080.
The indicator module 2090 employs a transverse channel 2092 which mounts a spring loaded indicator button 2094. In a non-flush position of FIG. 62A, the button 2094 projects through the locating surface 2062. The indicator module 2090 may be incorporated into the frame or be mounted exteriorly of the side of the guide head 2050. When the locating surface 2062 is flush against another surface, the button 2094 is depressed and forces the opposing end 2096 of the button to project through the opposing surface. The projection of end 2096 thus indicates to the installer that a proper flush position for the fastener installation has been obtained, as best illustrated in FIG. 62B.
With reference to the guide head assembly 2150 in FIGS. 63A and 63B, a flush indicator module 2190 shows the non-flush position of FIG. 63A and the proper flush position of FIG. 63B. An indicator flag 2192 is pivotally mounted to the frame. When the frame is in the proper flush or vertical position, the indicator flag 2192 pivots from the frame, as best illustrated in FIG. 63B to indicate to the installer that the proper flush position has been obtained.
With reference to FIGS. 64A, 64B and 66, guide head assembly 2250 has an indicator module 2290. An actuator in the form of a spring loaded button 2260 projects through the locating surface 2262. The button is pre-loaded to the position illustrated in FIG. 64A. An indicator light module 2296, which preferably employs an LED 2298, is illuminated when the button is sufficiently (wherein the outer end is generally co-planar with the locating surface 2262) depressed, as best illustrated in FIG. 64B. The LED 2298 may be pulsed or in a steady state. The depressed condition activates a switch 2264 which closes a circuit from a battery 2266 to the light module 2296. The illuminated LED locating surface 2262 is flush against the structure at the proper entry angle for driving the fastener at the proper entry angle.
With reference to FIGS. 65A, 65B and 67, guide head assembly 2350 has an indicator module 2390. An actuator in the form of a spring loaded button 2360 projects through the locating surface 2362. The button 2360 is pre-loaded to the position indicated in FIG. 65A. When the button 2360 is sufficiently (wherein the outer end is generally co-planar with the locating surface 2362) depressed, as best illustrated in FIG. 65B, an audio module 2396 is activated and emits a sound via speaker 2398. The sound may be steady state or pulsed. The depressed condition activates a switch 2364 which closes a circuit from a battery 2366 to the audio module 2396. The audible signal indicates that the locating surface 2362 is flush against the structure at the proper entry angle for driving a fastener at the proper entry angle.
It will be appreciated that other flush indicator assemblies may also be provided for the various guide head assemblies.
While preferred embodiments of the foregoing have been set forth for purposes of describing preferred embodiments, the foregoing descriptions should not be deemed a limitation of the inventions herein. Accordingly, various modifications, adaptations and alternatives may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the scope of the present invention.
Patent Application
20170320197
