Patent Grant
7156301
This invention relates to contactless transaction devices and methods of making and using the same. Specifically, this invention relates to a system and method for manufacturing a folding miniature RFID transaction device using, for example, conventional fob manufacturing procedures.
It is generally known to provide fobs for providing a means for purchasing goods or services without the use of paper money or coinage. Specifically, fobs may represent credit, whereby a user of the fob may present the card in lieu of the paper money or coinage. In addition, fobs may be debit cards, whereby electronic money, such as money stored in an account, is removed from the account each time that the fob is used. In addition, fobs may have a certain amount of money, or other valuable commodity, recorded thereon, whereby a user of the fob may remove the money directly from the fob. For example, retail stores now offer cards that can be purchased for a certain amount of money. That amount, or any other amount, may be represented on the fob. When the fob is utilized, the amount represented on the card may be reduced until the fob represents that it cannot be utilized anymore, or that the card represents that it is depleted of money. In addition, other values besides currency may be represented on the fob, such as equivalent goods or services.
Transaction cards typically have a magnetic stripe provided, or some other means, for storing information relating to the fob, such as, a security code, and information relating to an account or an amount of money that the fob may represent. For example, if the fob is a credit card, the information contained on the magnetic stripe may relate to an account whereby use of the credit card may alert the account to release funds for the purchase of goods or services. Of course, the magnetic stripe or other means may further contain any other information to allow the fob to be utilized. The fob is typically fed into or through a point-of-sale (“POS”) reader that reads the information contained on the magnetic stripe to extract the information as needed when the fob is being used.
The fob may further contain other features that allow for the secure and efficient use of the fob, such as holographic security devices, signature panels, photographs of the owner of the fob, embedded microchips, or any other item or element that may be useful for the fob.
Of late, companies are increasingly embodying RFID data acquisition technology in a fob or tag form for use in completing financial transactions in place of using traditional fobs. A typical fob includes a transponder and is ordinarily a self-contained device which may be contained on any portable form factor. In some instances, a battery may be included with the fob to power the transponder. In which case the internal circuitry of the fob (including the transponder) may draw its operating power from the battery power source. In addition, the fob may exist independent of an internal power source. In this instance the internal circuitry of the fob (including the transponder) may gain its operating power directly from an RF interrogation signal. U.S. Pat. No. 5,053,774, issued to Schuermann, describes a typical transponder RF interrogation system which may be found in the prior art. The Schuermann patent describes in general the powering technology surrounding conventional transponder structures. U.S. Pat. No. 4,739,328 discusses a method by which a conventional transponder may respond to a RF interrogation signal. Other typical modulation techniques which may be used include, for example, ISO/IEC 14443 and the like.
Transaction cards are typically sized according to standards set by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This means that most traditionally-sized fobs being utilized are of the same size and dimensions, typically about 2¼ inches by about 3⅜ inches in a generally rectangular configuration. RFID fobs are also sized according to these same dimensions. However, fobs and other fobs having dimensions according to this standard typically are too big to be stored in a convenient way except loose in a pocket, wallet or purse, or contained within a slot in a wallet or purse allowing the snug fit of the fob. Fobs are, therefore, highly susceptible to being lost or stolen. Other shapes and sizes would allow the fobs to be attached to, secured with, or otherwise stored with other items, such as key chains, for example.
A need exists, therefore, for a fob having the capability of being attached to securing means or stored in smaller areas than are currently allowed. For example, a need exists for a fob that may be clipped or otherwise attached to a key chain, or some other means for securing the fob to another item, yet is small enough to remain inconspicuous and compact, but handy. Further, a need exists for a fob having the above-noted advantages and further that maintains the information or other features typically disposed on or within a fob. Still further, a need exists for a case or housing or holder for holding and/or storing the foldable fob contained therein.
The present invention relates to a fob having one or more fold lines therein to provide a compact and easily stored fob. Moreover, the present invention relates to a foldable fob having one or more holes or apertures therein for holding a key chain, or other device for attaching the fob to another item, such as a set of keys, a wallet, or other item. Moreover, foldable fobs are provided that may be held or stored within housings or holders.
The invention may include a fob that is foldable so as to be highly compact so that the fob may be stored in small areas. Further, the invention may include a fob that may be attached to another item via a securing means, such as a ring or chain. Moreover, the invention may include a foldable fob that may be contained within a housing, holder or case.
The invention may include a fob that can be attached to a key chain, yet still remain small and compact. Therefore, an advantage of the present invention is that the fob may be small enough to be inconspicuous and be secured to another item thereby minimizing the chance that the fob will be misplaced, lost or stolen.
The invention may include a fob that is foldable and held and/or stored within a housing, holder or case that comprises other features typically found on or within a fob, such as security devices, embedded microchips, or magnetic stripes having information stored thereon or the like.
Additional features and advantages of the present examples are described in, and will be apparent from, the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments and from the drawings.
A more complete understanding of the present invention may be derived by referring to the detailed description and claims when considered in connection with the Figures, where like reference numbers refer to similar elements throughout the Figures, and:
The present invention may be described herein in terms of functional block components, screen shots, optional selections and various processing steps. Such functional blocks may be realized by any number of hardware and/or software components configured to perform to specified functions. For example, the present invention may employ various integrated circuit components (e.g., memory elements, processing elements, logic elements, look-up tables, and the like), which may carry out a variety of functions under the control of one or more microprocessors or other control devices. Similarly, the software elements of the present invention may be implemented with any programming or scripting language such as C, C++, Java, COBOL, assembler, PERL, extensible markup language (XML), JavaCard and MULTOS with the various algorithms being implemented with any combination of data structures, objects, processes, routines or other programming elements. Further, it should be noted that the present invention may employ any number of conventional techniques for data transmission, signaling, data processing, network control, and the like. For a basic introduction on cryptography, review a text written by Bruce Schneier entitled “Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C,” published by John Wiley & Sons (second edition, 1996), herein incorporated by reference.
In addition, many applications of the present invention could be formulated. The exemplary network disclosed herein may include any system for exchanging data or transacting business, such as the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, WAN, LAN, satellite communications, and/or the like. It is noted that the network may be implemented as other types of networks, such as an interactive television network (ITN).
Although the point-of-interaction device is described herein with respect to a merchant point-of-sale (POS) device, the invention is not to be so limited. Indeed, a merchant POS device is used herein by way of example, and the point-of-interaction device may be any device capable of receiving device account data. In this regard, the POS may be any point-of-interaction device or transaction device acceptance device enabling the user to complete a transaction using an RF responsive transponder.
As used herein, “contactless transaction device 102” may be referred to as RFID fob 102, fob 102, transaction device 102, and/or the like. Contactless transaction device 102 refers to any device configured to facilitate transactions without physically contacting a reader. However, the invention also contemplates the use of contact transaction devices such as credit cards, debit cards, and the like.
Although the point-of-interaction device is described herein with respect to a merchant point-of-sale (POS) device, the invention is not to be so limited. Indeed, a merchant POS device is used herein by way of example, and the point-of-interaction device may be any device capable of receiving device account data. In this regard, the POS may be any point-of-interaction device or transaction device acceptance device enabling the user to complete a transaction using an RF responsive transponder.
RFID reader 104 may be configured to communicate using a RFID internal antenna 106. In addition, RFID reader 104 may include an external antenna 108 where the external antenna 108 may be made remote to RFID reader 104 using a suitable cable and/or data link. RFID reader 104 may be further in communication with a transaction completion system (e.g., merchant system 130) via a data link. In one exemplary embodiment the transaction completion system may include POS device 110 in communication with RFID reader 104 (via a data link), and a customer interface 118 in communication with POS device 110. POS 110 may be in further communication with an account issuer system (not shown) via a network 112 which may be provided the account number and any transaction identifying information (e.g., time, duty, cost of transaction, item negotiated) for transaction completion.
The terms “Internet” or “network” as used herein, may refer to the Internet, any replacement, competitor or successor to the Internet, or any public or private inter-network, intranet or extranet that is based upon open or proprietary protocols. Specific information related to the protocols, standards, and application software utilized in connection with the Internet may not be discussed herein. For further information regarding such details, see, for example, DILIP NAIK, INTERNET STANDARDS AND PROTOCOLS (1998); JAVA 2 COMPLETE, various authors, (Sybex 1999); DEBORAH RAY AND ERIC RAY, MASTERING HTML 4.0 (1997); LOSHIN, TCP/IP CLEARLY EXPLAINED (1997). All of these texts are hereby incorporated by reference.
By being in “communication,” what is described may be that a signal may travel to/from one component of the invention to another. The components may be directly connected to each other or may be connected through one or more other devices or components. The various coupling components for the devices can include but are not limited to the Internet, a wireless network, a conventional wire cable, an optical cable or connection through air, water, or any other medium that conducts signals, and any other coupling device or medium.
Where required, the system user may interact with the system to complete a transaction via any input device or user interface 118, such as, a keypad, keyboard, mouse, kiosk, personal digital assistant, handheld computer (e.g., Palm Pilot®, Blueberry®), cellular phone and/or the like. Any input device discussed herein may also be a “pervasive computing device,” which may include a traditionally non-computerized device that is embedded with a computing unit. Examples can include watches, Internet enabled kitchen appliances, restaurant tables embedded with RF readers, wallets or purses with imbedded transponders, etc. Similarly, the invention could be used in conjunction with any type of personal computer, network computer, work station, minicomputer, mainframe, or the like running any operating system such as any version of Windows, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows 98, Windows 95, MacOS, MVS, OS/2, BeOS, Linux, UNIX, Solaris or the like. Moreover, although the invention may frequently be described as being implemented with TCP/IP communications protocol, it should be understood that the invention could also be implemented using SNA, IPX, Appletalk, IPte, NetBIOS, OSI or any number of communications protocols. Moreover, the system contemplates the use, sale, or distribution of any goods, services or information over any network having similar functionality described herein.
A variety of conventional communications media and protocols may be used for the data links. For example, data links may be an Internet Service Provider (ISP) configured to facilitate communications over a local loop as is typically used in connection with standard modem communication, cable modem, dish networks, ISDN, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), or any wireless communication media. In addition, merchant system 130 including POS device 110 and host network 112 may reside on a local area network which interfaces to a remote network (not shown) for remote authorization of an intended transaction. Merchant system 130 may communicate with the remote network via a leased line, such as a T1, D3 line, or the like. In addition, merchant system 130, including POS 110 and host network 112, may reside on a local area network, which interfaces with a remote network (not shown) for remote transaction authorization. Such communications lines are described in a variety of texts, such as, “Understanding Data Communications,” by Gilbert Held, which is incorporated herein by reference.
A transaction device account identifier or account number, as used herein, may include any identifier for a transaction device which may be correlated to a user transaction account (e.g., credit, charge debit, checking, savings, reward, loyalty, or the like) maintained by a transaction account provider (e.g., payment authorization center). A typical transaction account identifier (e.g., account number) may be correlated to a credit or debit account, loyalty account, or rewards account maintained and serviced by such entities as American Express, Visa and/or Mastercard or the like.
In general, fobs 102 which use the above RF transmission process may take any form. RFID module 120 may be included in fob 102 for use in completing a RFID transaction and fob 102 may take any form as desired. To facilitate understanding of this invention,
Fob 102, and the other transaction cards described herein, may be made from any generally known material typically used for transaction cards, such as, for example, polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP). Typically, fobs and transaction cards such as the ones described herein have multiple layers of polymeric materials. For example, a typical fob may have one or more internal layers of PVC or PP, and outer layers of polyethylene terephthlate (PET) for rigidity and strength. Other materials, such as thermoplastic polymeric materials, or other materials, such as paper or metal, may be utilized to form the fob 102.
Provided in fob 102 may be one or more aperture (not shown) that may be utilized to attach fob 102 to a securing means, such as a key ring. Of course, any other securing means, such as a chain or string, for example, may be utilized and the invention should not be limited as herein described. The securing means can be provided in any of the apertures described herein as needed.
In the exemplary embodiment shown, sheet 200 may be formed using multiple material layers.
The fabrication of the individual fob sheets 200 may include either direct layout (9 layers) of film or the use of a sub-assembly (5 layers). An exemplary sub-assembly layer 21 may consist of 5 layers of film with room temperature tack adhesive applied over thermoset and thermoplastic adhesives. The resulting fobs comprise (from the fob front towards the fob back) 2.0 mil outer laminate (PVC, polyvinylchloride) including having a holographic foil, embossed surface, chip and other indicia on its surface, 9.0 mil printed PVC core with print side out (fob front), 2.0 mil PVC adhesive, 1.7 mil PET GS (extrusion coated polyethyleneterephthalate—gluable/stampable) manufactured by D&K (525 Crossen, Elk Grove Village, Ill. 60007), 2.0 mil PET IR blocking film, 1.7 mil PET GS, 2.0 mil PET adhesive, 9.0 mil printed PVC core with the print side out (fob back), and 2.0 mil outer back laminate with a signature panel, applied magnetic stripe and other indicia. Optimally, the PET IR blocking film is fabricated in the middle of the layers to balance the fob and minimize warping of the resulting fob product.
After eventually combining the sheets by, in one embodiment, adhering the front layer 10 on top of the back sheet 12, the total thickness of fob 102, including the subassembly sheet 21, is about 0.032 in. (32 mil.), which is within the ISO thickness standard for smart cards. In one embodiment, the subassembly sheet 21 may be formed including RFID module 120, which may be of sufficient thickness to maintain the smart fob standard thickness. In addition, RFID module 120 may be embedded in the sheet 12 or fob 102 via a suitable conventional milling process. Because RFID module 120 may eventually embedded into the surface of the substrate or the subassembly 21 as described more fully below, RFID module 120 does not affect the thickness of the overall fob 102. Moreover, the about 3′×4′ sheets include predefined alignment markings which define the boundaries of the individual fobs 102 to be cut from the sheet. Each exemplary sheet yields over 50 transaction cards (typically 56 fobs), wherein each fob 102 is within the ISO fob size standard, namely about 2″×3.5″.
In an exemplary embodiment, certain compounds are printed over the surface of sheets 10 and 12. The compounds may be printed in accordance with accepted ISO standards. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the printing of the text 30 and logo 50, and optically recognizable ink may be applied to any surface of fob 102 such as, for example, the front 10 face (front material layer 10), the rear 12 face (rear material layer 12), the inside or outside surface of either face, between the two sheets of base material and/or a combination thereof. Moreover, any suitable printing, scoring, imprinting, marking or like method is within the scope of the present invention.
The text 30 and logo 50 are printed on the outside surface of each material layer 10, 12 by a known printing process, such as an offset printing process, which provides a thinner ink coverage, but clearer text. More particularly, with respect to offset printing, the artwork is duplicated onto a metal plate and the metal plate is placed onto an offset press printing machine which can print up to four colors during a single run. The offset printed text may include, for example, a corporate name, a copyright/trademark/patent notice, a batch code number, an “active thru” date, contact telephone numbers, legal statements and/or the like. The exemplary offset text may be printed in 4DBC in opaque white ink or a special mix of Pantone Cool Gray 11 called UV AMX Gray. In one exemplary embodiment, the offset printed text is printed directly on RFID module 120, such that the text is visible on the fob 102 through casual inspection.
A laminate material layer 15 is applied to the back layer 12 of fob 102. In one exemplary embodiment, the laminate layer 15 includes rows of ISO compliant magnetic stripes 40, wherein each magnetic stripe 40 corresponds to an individual fob 102. The magnetic stripe 40 may extend along one length of the fob 102 and is applied to the back surface 12. The magnetic stripe 40 may be any width, length, shape, and placed on any location on fob 102. In an exemplary embodiment, the magnetic stripe 40 is applied to the outer laminate layer 15 using a tape layer machine which bonds the cold peel magnetic stripe 40 to the outer laminate 15 when it is in a rolled position (not shown). The laminate 15 roll with a rolling hot die and at suitable pressure. The roll is then cut into layers 10, 12 before the fob layers are assembled.
After the desired printing is complete and the magnetic stripe applied, the front 10 and back 12 material layers are placed together, and the layers are in one embodiment adhered together by any suitable adhering process, such as a suitable adhesive. One skilled in the art will appreciate that, instead of printing on two material layers and combining the two material layers, a single plastic material layer can be used, wherein the single material layer is printed on one side, then the same material layer is re-sent through the printer for printing on the opposite side.
In the present invention, after adhering the layers together, a layer of lamination (not shown), approximately the same dimensions as the plastic sheets, namely 3′×4′, may be applied over the front 10 and back 12 of fob 102. After the laminate is applied over the front 10 and back 12 of the combined plastic material layers, fob 102 layers are suitably compressed at a suitable pressure and heated at about 300 degrees, at a pressure of between 90–700 psi, with a suitable dwell time to create a single fob 102 device. The aforementioned fob fabrication can be completed by, for example, Oberthur Fob Systems, 15 James Hance Court, Exton, Pa.
In an exemplary embodiment, fob layers 10 and 12 are fused together in a lamination process using heat and pressure. During the hot press phase, the press is heated to about 300 F degrees and the pressure builds to about 1000 psi and holds for about 90 seconds. The pressure then ramps up to about 350 psi over an about 30-second period and holds for 16 minutes at the same temperature, namely 300 F degrees. Sheet 200 is then transferred to a cold press which is at about 57 F degrees. The pressure builds to about 400 psi and is held for about 16 minutes as chilled water of about 57 F degrees is circulated in the plates. The cold press then unloads sheet 200.
Fob 102 may be cut out of sheet 200 and fob 102 may be configured with a specific width (W) and a length (L). In the embodiment described herein with reference to
Fob 602 has a width (W) and a length (L). In this particular embodiment, fob 602 may have a length L of greater than 3 inches, and more preferably of greater than approximately 3⅜ inches. For example, as shown in
Fob 702 may be configured to have a width (W) and a length (L). In the embodiment described herein with reference to
Fob 802 may be configured has a width (W) and a length (L). Fob 802 may have a length L of between approximately 1 inch and approximately 1⅞ inches or a length L of greater than approximately 3 inches, and more preferably of greater than approximately 3⅜ inches. In addition, the width W may be less than approximately 1 inch or greater than approximately 1⅞ inches. For example, as shown in
Fob 902 may be configured of any length L or width W, so long as fob 902 has a magnetic stripe 952 of length M, which is less than approximately 1 inch. In addition, the transaction card 950 may have any length L or width W, so long as the length M of the magnetic stripe 952 is greater than approximately 3 inches long and preferably greater than approximately 3⅜ inches long.
In one exemplary manufacturing embodiment, and with reference again to
Module 102 may include an antenna 204 for receiving an interrogation signal from RFID reader 104 via antenna 106 (or in addition, via external antenna 108). Module antenna 204 may be in communication with a transponder 214. In one exemplary embodiment, transponder 214 may be a 13.56 MHz transponder compliant with the ISO/IEC 14443 standard, and antenna 204 may be of the 13 MHz variety. The transponder 214 may be in communication with a transponder compatible modulator/demodulator 206 configured to receive the signal from transponder 214 and configured to modulate the signal into a format readable by any later connected circuitry. Further, modulator/demodulator 206 may be configured to format (e.g., demodulate) a signal received from the later connected circuitry in a format compatible with transponder 214 for transmitting to RFID reader 104 via antenna 204. For example, where transponder 114 is of the 13.56 MHz variety, modulator/demodulator 206 may be ISO/IEC 14443-2 compliant.
Modulator/demodulator 206 may be coupled to a protocol/sequence controller 208 for facilitating control of the authentication of the signal provided by RFID reader 104, and for facilitating control of the sending of the fob 102 account number. In this regard, protocol/sequence controller 208 may be any suitable digital or logic driven circuitry capable of facilitating determination of the sequence of operation for the module 120 inner-circuitry. For example, protocol/sequence controller 208 may be configured to determine whether the signal provided by the RFID reader 104 is authenticated, and thereby providing to the RFID reader 104 the account number stored on fob 102.
To authenticate the signal, the protocol/sequence controller 208 may be further in communication with authentication circuitry 210 for facilitating authentication of the signal provided by RFID reader 104. Authentication circuitry may be further in communication with a non-volatile secure memory database 212. Secure memory database 212 may be any suitable elementary file system such as that defined by ISO/IEC 7816-4 or any other elementary file system allowing a lookup of data to be interpreted by the application on the chip. Database 212 may be any type of database, such as relational, hierarchical, object-oriented, and/or the like. Common database products that may be used to implement the databases include DB2 by IBM (White Plains, N.Y.), any of the database products available from Oracle Corporation (Redwood Shores, Calif.), Microsoft Access or MSSQL by Microsoft Corporation (Redmond, Wash.), or any other database product. Database 212 may be organized in any suitable manner, including as data tables or lookup tables. Association of certain data may be accomplished through any data association technique known and practiced in the art. For example, the association may be accomplished either manually or automatically. Automatic association techniques may include, for example, a database search, a database merge, GREP, AGREP, SQL, and/or the like. The association step may be accomplished by a database merge function, for example, using a “key field” in each of the manufacturer and retailer data tables. A “key field” partitions the database according to the high-level class of objects defined by the key field. For example, a certain class may be designated as a key field in both the first data table and the second data table, and the two data tables may then be merged on the basis of the class data in the key field. In this embodiment, the data corresponding to the key field in each of the merged data tables is the same. However, data tables having similar, though not identical, data in the key fields may also be merged by using AGREP, for example.
The data received from the reader 104 or the database 212 may be used by protocol/sequence controller 208 for data analysis and used for management and control purposes, as well as security purposes. Authentication circuitry 216 may authenticate the signal provided by RFID reader 104 by association of the RFID signal to authentication keys stored on database 212. Authentication circuitry 216 may be in further communication with an encryption circuitry 216 which may encrypt or decrypt the reader 104 signal or the data (e.g., account number, user identifier, device identifier, etc.) returned from database 212 prior to transmitting the data. Encryption circuitry 216 may use keys stored on database 212 to perform encryption and/or decryption of signals sent to or from the RFID reader 104.
In addition, protocol/sequence controller 208 may be in communication with a database 212 for storing at least one of fob 102 account data, a unique fob 102 identification code, user identification code, or transaction device identifier. Protocol/sequence controller 208 may be configured to retrieve the account number from database 212 as desired. Database 212 may be of the same configuration as database 212 described above. The account data and/or unique device identification code stored on database 212 may be encrypted prior to storage. Thus, where protocol/sequence controller 208 retrieves the account data, and or unique transaction device identifier, or the like, from database 212, the data may be encrypted by the encryption circuit 216 when being provided to RFID reader 104. Further, the data stored on database 212 may include, for example, an unencrypted unique fob 102 identification code, a user identification ISO/IEC, Track 1 and Track 2 data, as well as specific application applets. The data may additionally be stored in the database 212 in Track 1/Track 2 format and may also be in Track 1/Track 2 format when provided to the reader 104
In one exemplary embodiment, module 120 antenna 218 may be 134 KHz rated configured to communicate with a 134 KHz transponder 214. In this exemplary configuration, an ISO/IEC 14443-2 compliant modulator/demodulator 206 may not be required. Further still, reader 104 may also include an antenna 106, 108 and a transponder modulator which is also ISO/IEC 1443-2 complaint to ensure successful RF communication with correspondent components at module 120.
While the foregoing describes an exemplary embodiment for the fabrication of transaction device combination, one skilled in the art will appreciate that any suitable method for incorporating text 30, logos 50, a magnetic stripe 40, a signature field, holographic foil 15 onto a substrate in accordance with accepted 160 standards, is within the scope of the present invention. Moreover, the holographic foil, RFID module 120, logo 50, magnetic stripe 40, signature field or any other compound may be included on the fob 102 by any suitable means such as, for example, heat, pressure, adhesive, grooved and/or any combination thereof. In accordance with one embodiment, the text 30, logo 50, magnetic stripe 40, or holographic foil 15 may additionally be included in one surface use of fob 102 on a portion easily viewable by casual inspection.
Fob 102 may be configured with a magnetic stripe 40 using any conventional method for attaching magnetic stripes as is commonly known. The magnetic stripe 40 may be compliant to International Standard Setting Organization standards for the shape, location and the format of the data stored and retrieved from the magnetic stripe 40. The magnetic stripe 40 may be configured to include account data (e.g., account, user, or transaction device identifier, code or number) stored thereon in Track 1/Track 2 ISO magnetic stripe standard format. As such, the magnetic stripe 40 may be configured to be readable by any conventional magnetic stripe reader as is found in the art. Consequently, the user may use the transaction device combination 602 in similar manner as a traditional credit, debit, DDA, prepaid fob, an the like. For example, the user may present the transaction device combination 602 to a magnetic stripe reader, which may retrieve the magnetic stripe 40 data and forward the data to an account issuer for transaction completion. Conventional methods for completing a transaction are well known and will not be repeated for brevity.
In another embodiment, in accordance with the present invention, the fobs described herein may be configured to have one or more folds therein to provide a compact and easily stored fob. Moreover, the foldable fobs described herein have one or more holes or apertures therein for holding a key chain, or other device for attaching the fob to another item, such as a set of keys, a wallet, or other item. Moreover, fob systems are provided comprising foldable fobs and housings, holders or cases for holding and/or storing the foldable fobs. In addition, foldable fob systems are provided for foldable fobs having length and/or width dimensions smaller than traditionally-sized fobs.
Referring now to
Of course, fob 1102 typically comprises a plurality of layers (not shown) to form the rigid card. For example, fobs typically include inner layers of a polymeric material to provide the fob with thickness, strength, rigidity and bulk. In addition, outer layers are typically provided comprising a polymeric material that protects the inner layers of the fob. In addition, the polymeric material of the outer layers may provide rigidity and further may add to the thickness of the fob. Fob 1102, and the other fobs described herein, may be made from any generally known material typically used for fobs, such as, for example, polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP). Typically, fobs such as the ones described herein have multiple layers of polymeric materials. For example, a typical card may have one or more internal layers of PVC or PP, and outer layers of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for rigidity and strength.
Transaction cards may further be transparent, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/092,681, filed Mar. 7, 2002, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/062,106, filed Jan. 31, 2001, which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/653,837, filed Sep. 1, 2000, and further claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/153,112, filed Sep. 7, 1999; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/160,519, filed Oct. 20, 1999; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/167,405, filed Nov. 24, 1999; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/171,689, filed Dec. 21, 1999, each of which is expressly incorporated herein in its entirety. The transparent fob may contain a plurality of optically recognizable layers or an infrared-blocking ink to allow the transparent fobs to be recognized by a POS card reader.
Fob 1102 has a fold line 1114 that allows fob 1102 to be folded, as illustrated in
In addition, the fob may include a reinforcing material at the location of fold line 1114 so that fold line 1114 does not pull apart, or otherwise destroy fob 1102 when folded. Of course, other materials may be utilized in fob 1102 to act as a hinge at fold line 1114, and the invention should not be limited in this regard. Moreover, fold line 1114 may comprise a break or small gap between the two halves of fob 1102 whereby a reinforcing strip may be disposed on one or both sides of fob 1102 for holding the two halves together to form a hinge. The strip may be a fabric or a thermoplastic material, such as an elastomeric material that may be stretched when the fob is folded, yet retain its shape when fob 1102 is unfolded.
The magnetic stripe 1112 may contain a material for storing information that may be read by a POS reader. Typically, magnetic stripe 1112 contains a series of digits that the magnetic card reader can utilize to obtain information about the account that the fob is associated with, or otherwise to obtain information relating to the amount of money or other equivalent good or service represented by fob 1102. Magnetic stripe 1112 of the present embodiment is, necessarily, split into two halves because of fold line 1114 that bisects magnetic stripe 1112. Therefore, the information contained on magnetic stripe 1112 must be readable by a magnetic card reader at a POS machine that accounts for fold line 1114. Typically, this means that some or all of the information should be contained on a first section 1116 of magnetic stripe 1112, and the rest or a duplicate of the information should be contained on a second section 1118 of magnetic stripe 1112. Therefore, the information contained on magnetic stripe 1112 may be readable by the POS reader. In addition, the magnetic stripe may be provided in parallel with one of the short ends of the fob, as illustrated in
Disposed in fob 1102 may be a plurality of apertures 1120, 1122, 1124 and 1126 that may be utilized to attach fob 1102 to a securing means, such as a ring 1130, as illustrated in
Fob 1250 may further have apertures 1258, 1260 for a securing means, such as a ring 1262, or other securing means such as a chain or a string, for example. Ring 1262 may be provided through aperture 1260, and may further be clipped into aperture 1258 after fob 1250 has been folded, as illustrated in
In an alternate example of the present invention, a fob, similar to the cards described above with respect to
In the unfolded position, the fob becomes a full-sized financial fob and/or a card that may be used as a form of payment to conduct transactions and in standard financial fob readers, such as those at retail POS locations or ATM (cash) machines. In an exemplary embodiment, when the second section is folded and is otherwise inaccessible, the external surface area of the card is approximately half compared to when the second section is usably accessible in the unfolded position. In an alternate embodiment, the fob can be refolded by folding the first and second sections in relation to one another and re-engaging the snap to keep the card folded. To allow folding, the first and second sections may be coupled by a flexible material or hinge. In an alternative embodiment, the card may have a plurality of folding sections.
Moreover,
In addition, fob 2002 may be permanently attached to holder 2090. The holder may further be attachable to a key chain, or the like, such that keys or the like may be removably attached to holder 2090, thereby minimizing the chances that fob 2002 may be misplaced. In addition, fob 2002 may be easily accessible if attached to a key chain or the like.
On external surfaces of fob 2002 (on the face of the fob opposite the magnetic stripe 2081) there may be disposed a protective material, such as a metallized surface, or other surface, that protects fob 2002 when fob 2002 is in the folded state. Specifically, a material such as aluminized polyester may be utilized as a coating or external layer of fob 2002. As shown in
A holder 2114 may be disposed on the fob 2102 on central section 2106, such that when folded together to form the folded state, a spring-loaded clip 2116 may hold the folded fob 2102 together. Although the present example is shown with holder 2114 disposed on central section 2106, holder 2114 may be disposed on any of sections 2104, 2106 or 2108 such that when folded, the holder may hold the folded fob in place with spring-loaded clip 2116. When actuated, the spring-loaded clip allows outer sections 2104, 2108 to unfold from central section 2106, thereby forming fob 2102 in the unfolded state. As with fob 2002, as shown in
In another embodiment, the fob has an associated holder, receptacle, pocket, or sleeve (collectively, the “carrier”) that can fold in relation with the fob and in which the fob can be enclosed in whole or in part. The carrier itself may have a snap in an engaged or locked position such that in a first position, a second section of the carrier is folded in relation to a first section of the carrier (the “folded position of the carrier”), such that the fob is not usably accessible. When the carrier snap is actuated, the snap disengages or unlocks and the carrier second section unfolds in relation to the carrier first section, making accessible a foldable fob that simultaneously unfolds in relation to the carrier. The fob may be coupled to the carrier in a manner that allows it to be attached or detached. The carrier, in order to fold, may also have at least first and second sections coupled by a flexible material or hinge.
An example of this is shown in
Both fob 2202 and carrier 2224 may be detachable from holder 2228. In addition, fob 2202 may only be detachable from carrier 2224, thereby allowing the fob to be utilized in POS machines, such as ATMs. In addition, fob 2202 may be detachable and removable from carrier 2224, which may also be detachable and removable from holder 2228.
Although
In addition, a fob may be foldable within a foldable carrier and slidable from the foldable carrier, such that the carrier and the fob together form a full-sized fob that may be utilized in POS machines. For example, a spring-loaded clip may be actuated thereby allowing a carrier and fob to unfold. Once unfolded, a slot may be exposed that allows a user of the fob to push the fob out of the carrier, thereby exposing the magnetic stripe. In addition, a button may be exposed whereupon actuating the button allows the fob to be slid from the carrier. However, the fob may not be fully removable from the carrier, but may merely be slidable such that a full-sized fob is made from the smaller-sized fob and the carrier.
Fob 2202 may have a metallized surface such that the surface protects fob 2202. For example, the surface of the fob may be made from aluminized polyester. In addition, carrier 2224 may be metallized, or made from some other protective material, to protect fob 2202. When folded, fob 2202 protects magnetic stripe 2221.
In an alternate example of the present invention,
When folded together, fob 2402 may be enclosed within protective cover 2472 and bottom portion 2480, as shown in
A foldable fob 2506 may be contained within case 2501. Foldable fob 2502 may have a first section 2510 and a second section 2508 that may be interconnected via a fob hinge 2512. Fob hinge 2512 may comprise a line of weakness disposed in the one or more layers of fob 2502. In addition, hinge 2512 may comprise a hinge material 2521, such as a polymeric material, a fabric, or some other equivalent reinforcing material, which may be disposed over the line of weakness or space between first section 2510 and second section 2508. In one embodiment, the hinge material may be a thermoplastic polymeric sheet or film, such as, for example, polypropylene, that may be adhered to both first section 2510 and second section 2508 to allow first section 2510 and second section 2508 to fold relative to each other.
Further, disposed on an opposite side of fob 2502 may be a further hinge material 2522, as illustrated in
Of course, fob 2502 may include magnetic stripe 2514 or other features that are typically contained on a fob, such as a holographic security indicator, embossed alpha-numeric characters, graphics, a signature panel, microchip or other like feature (not shown).
Fob 2502 may be disposed within case 2501 and held within case 2501 via tracks 2516a, 2516b within which fob 2502 may be slid. In addition, fob 2502 may be removable from tracks 2516a, 2516b so that fob 2502 may be fully removable from case 2501, as illustrated in
Fob 2602 may have a first section 2660 and a second section 2658 that are interconnected via a fob hinge 2662. Hinge 2662 may be similar, if not identical, to fob hinge 2512, as described above with reference to
Fob 2602 may be contained within case 2651 by being disposed within tracks 2666a, 2666b. The tracks may engage fob 2602 when fob 2602 is slid within tracks 2666a, 2666b. Moreover, tabs (not shown) may be disposed within the tracks, and may be similar, if not identical, to tabs 2518a, 2518b as described above with reference to
In use, lid 2653 may be swung from base 2655 to expose fob 2602 contained therein. The foldable fob, having fob hinge 2662 may be opened to expose a magnetic stripe 2664 disposed on or within fob 2602. The unfolded fob may be swiped or otherwise utilized at a POS device while remaining disposed within case 2651. In addition, fob 2602 may be removed from case 2651 to be utilized, such as being physically disposed within a POS device, such as an ATM, or the like.
Foldable fob 2702 may be removably disposed within case 2701 in a similar manner as described above with reference to
Specifically, fob 3102 comprises two halves 3151, 3153 that may be attached together via a hinge material 3154 and a hinge backing material 3156. Hinge material 3154 may comprise an elastomeric material, such as a nitrile or neoprene elastomeric material, that may be disposed between two halves 3151, 3153. Of course, any other hinge material is contemplated that may attach two halves 3151, 3153 together, thereby allowing fob 3102 to fold. Hinge material 3154 may, therefore, stretch when foldable fob 3102 is folded but retain its shape when fob 3102 is unfolded. Typically, foldable fob 3102 is folded such that the signature panel 3160 and the magnetic stripe 3162 are disposed within the folded fob, thereby protecting the signature panel and, especially, the magnetic stripe. The hinge backing material 3156 may be provided on an opposite side of fob 3102 to provide reinforcement so that two halves 3151, 3153 do not separate. Typically, the hinge backing material may be polypropylene, or other thermoplastic material that reinforces the hinge created between two halves 3151, 3153 of foldable fob 3102. Of course, other materials are contemplated that can reinforce the hinge created between two halves 3151, 3153.
Foldable fob 3102 may be any size. In one embodiment, foldable fob 3102 may have one or more dimensions smaller than traditional fobs. Specifically, a traditional fob may be about 3⅜ inches long and about 2¼ inches wide. Foldable fob 3102 may have a greatest length (measured from the middle of foldable fob 3102) that is less than 3⅜ inches. Particular embodiments illustrating non-traditionally-sized fobs are described herein with reference to
The fobs of the present embodiment described herein may have lengths and widths that are smaller or larger than traditional fobs. More specifically, a traditional fob may have a length of about 3⅜ inches and a width of about 2¼ inches. Therefore, a fob having a length, for example, of less than 3⅜ inches may allow for a smaller foldable fob system when the fob has a fold therein and is disposed within a case, as described above.
The fob 3402 shown in
Fob 3502 shown has a width (W) and a length (L). In this particular embodiment, fob 3502 has a length (L) of greater than 3 inches, and more preferably of greater than approximately 3⅜ inches. For example, as shown in
Fob 3602 has a width (W) and a length (L). In the embodiment described herein with reference to
Fob 3702 shown has a width (W) and a length (L). Fob 3702 has a length (L) of between approximately 1 inch and approximately 1⅞ inches or a length (L) of greater than approximately 3 inches, and more preferably of greater than approximately 3⅜ inches. In addition, the width (W) is less than approximately 1 inch or greater than approximately 1⅞ inches. For example, as shown in
Fob 3802 may have any length (L) or width (W), so long as fob 3802 has a magnetic stripe 3852 of length (M), which is less than approximately 1 inch. In addition, fob 3802 may have any length (L) or width (W), so long as the length (M) of the magnetic stripe 3854 is greater than approximately 3 inches long and preferably greater than approximately 3⅜ inches long.
As noted above, each embodiment of a non-traditionally sized fob (i.e., having dimensions larger or smaller than traditionally-sized fobs) may have a fold line disposed therein and a hinge material that allows the fob to fold and unfold. The foldable non-traditionally sized fob may be incorporated into a foldable fob system, whereby the foldable fob has a case or housing for holding and/or storing the foldable fob. The non-traditionally sized foldable fob allows for the use of cases that are smaller in a certain dimension, such as a length and/or width, thereby providing fob systems that may be smaller, and more usable, especially when incorporated onto a key chain or other like connecting means. Of course, other sizes and shapes of fobs may be utilized in the present invention to arrive at a foldable fob system that is compact and convenient.
It should be noted that the dimensions of the fobs disclosed herein are representative only and the invention described herein should not be limited to any particular dimensions. In certain embodiments, the fobs have dimensions ranging in length (L) from approximately 1 inch to approximately 3 inches, and ranging in width (W) from approximately 1 inch to approximately 1⅞ inches, for an aspect ratio (L/W) ranging from approximately 0.53 (1/1.785) to approximately 3 (3/1). In another embodiment, the length (L) of a fob described herein may be approximately 2 9/16 inches. Moreover, the width (W) of the fob having a length of 2 9/16 inches may be about 1 9/16 inches.
A magnetic stripe 3924 may be contained on fob 3902. Magnetic stripe 3924 may be located on the back side of fob 3902 (or in any other location apparent to one having ordinary skill in the art) and may be oriented either perpendicularly to the card's largest dimension or, in one embodiment, parallel to the card's largest dimension, as illustrated in
For example, a typical magnetic stripe used on traditionally-sized fobs has up to three tracks, which conforms to standards set forth in ISO/IEC 7811. Each track is essentially a strip of specified width and location running the length of the magnetic stripe, on which data is encoded. According to ISO/IEC 7811, the first track of a three track magnetic stripe, is located closest to the edge of the card and contains data encoded at 210 bits per inch (“bpi”). The second track is adjacent to the first track and contains data encoded at 75 bpi. The third track is furthest from the edge of the card and contains data encoded at 210 bpi. According to ISO/IEC 7811, data is encoded on the tracks via two-frequency encoding. Higher bit densities would allow more data to be encoded over shorter magnetic stripe lengths. For example, data on the first and third tracks may be encoded at densities up to about 260 bpi or more. In addition, data on the second track may be encoded at densities up to about 100 bpi or more. Of course, other bit densities could be selected for the tracks in the magnetic stripe, and the invention should not be limited as herein described.
Fob 3902 further may include other features common to traditional fobs, such as various security features, including but not limited to, an identification photograph, additional information, a signature panel, a holographic image, a microchip or the like.
Of course, fob 3902 may have a fold-line 3920 that bisects fob 3902, as illustrated in
As illustrated in
Referring now to
Referring now to
Fob 4402, as illustrated in
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, a foldable fob system may be combined with a money clip. For example, the embodiments described herein of a foldable fob and case or housing may include a money clip on a surface of the case or housing for holding and/or storing currency, or other like material. Moreover, the foldable fob systems may further be combined with a mobile telephone, such as a cellular telephone, or other personal communication device, such that the foldable fob may be removably attached to a housing or case that may be interconnected with the mobile telephone. Of course, foldable fob systems may be incorporated into other items as well, such as personal digital assistants (“PDAs”) or other like devices.
Conventional methods of fabricating, manufacturing and cutting transaction devices, such as, credit cards, smart cards, RFID key fobs are well known. As such, one skilled in the art will understand the machinery and processes for fabricating, manufacturing, and/or cutting as they are included in the scope of this invention. Indeed, in the interest of brevity, conventional methods of fabricating, manufacturing and cutting transaction devices will not be discussed in detail herein. For instruction on manufacturing and fabricating a typical fob, see U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/092,681, entitled “TRANSACTION CARD,” filed Mar. 7, 2002, and incorporated herein in its entirety.
It should be noted that although the present invention is described herein with reference to including only one RFID transponder system, one RFID or IC chip, the invention is not so limited. The invention contemplates the inclusion of one or more RFID transponder systems, IC chips or modules, or any combination thereof. For example, a folding mini fob, in accordance with the present invention, may be configured with antennas disposed on one side and/or half of fob 102, both sides and/or halves of fob 102, and/or any other configuration involving one or more antennas. As an example, a fob user may wave any part and/or side of fob 102 in front of RFID reader 104 and RFID reader 104 will be able to communicate with one of the antennas configured on fob 102. For more information on dual antenna systems, see U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/302,658, entitled “TRANSACTION CARD WITH DUAL IC CHIPS,” filed Nov. 22, 2002, which discloses a suitable multi-chip arrangement, and is therefore incorporated by reference in its entirety.
A folding mini fob may also be configured with two or more sets of information, such as holographic foils, magnetic stripes, user information and the like. For example, the invention contemplates fob 102 configured with two magnetic stripes such that each stripe may contain a second set of information. The different information on the magnetic stripes may be readable by passing the strip through a reader in opposite directions. The invention also contemplates configuring fob 102 with two or more sets of information, modules 20 and/or magnetic stripes such that a user can use any side of fob 102 to facilitate a transaction. For example, in one embodiment of fob 102 is configured with two magnetic stripes, a user can choose to swipe either stripe to facilitate a transaction. If fob 102 is attached to a key ring or other apparatus, the user can chose to swipe magnetic stripe which is more conveniently located.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, fob 102 may be configured with one or more Universal Product Code (UPC) serial numbers that may facilitate use in conjunction with supermarket identification cards and banking cards. For example, fob 102 may be configured with one or more UPC numbers on any part of the fob such that the UPC number may be detected by a grocery scanner, magnetic code reader, RFID reader, and/or any other type of reader. Thus, a shopper may indicate his/her membership at, for example a grocery store, at the same time that the shopper pays for the transaction.
In another embodiment, fob 102 may be configured with information for multiple transaction accounts such that fob 102 may be used to facilitate multiple transactions, such as, for example, credit card transactions, debit card transactions, membership transactions, loyalty point transactions, healthcare transactions, transactions involving a driver's license or passport, warehouse club transactions, private label transactions and/or any other transaction involving a card, fob, and/or other transaction device.
The present invention may also be configured as contactless transparent transaction card. Specifically, the present invention may include systems and methods for producing a contactless, transparent transaction card, such as a credit card, debit card, stored-value card, smart card, or other type of transaction card, having a plurality of layers that is transparent or otherwise clear so that the transaction card is see through. The transaction card may include means for conducting a transaction in a contactless environment. For example, the transaction card may include a transponder system, which may include a RF-based chip and antenna embedded therein. The contactless transparent transaction card can be utilized to more efficiently conduct cashless transactions at merchants, for example, a merchant POS, by permitting the cardholder to maintain possession of the card throughout the transaction. Instead, the cardholder information necessary to complete the transaction is retrieved from the card using contactless means. In addition, the transaction card may further include a traditional magnetic stripe so that the transaction card can, in addition, be fed through a magnetic stripe reader or inserted in a card acceptance device for transaction completion. In that regard the card layers may include IR blocking ink or film for activating a card acceptance device in a traditional contact transaction.
A folding mini transparent card overcomes the problems of the prior art (e.g., undetectable transparent card, ATM jamming, etc.) by incorporating materials having machine recognizable compounds into the layers of the transaction card body. In an exemplary embodiment, the machine recognizable compounds are optically recognizable compounds containing infrared blocking (absorbing, refracting, diffusing, reflecting or otherwise blocking) ingredients. The optically recognizable compounds may be invisible, visible, or colored to produce a desired effect and/or they may contain other detectable compounds, such as, for example, UV-Fluorescent or IR-Fluorescent features. The optical compounds preferably have good stability, resistance properties, durability and other physical properties, such as good appearance, flexibility, hardness, solvent resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance and exterior stability. Moreover, the use of such compounds typically does not interfere with UV compounds that may be present in many substrates. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the optically recognizable compound is any chemical, solution, dye, ink substrate, material and/or the like which is recognizable by a sensor. In an exemplary embodiment, the optically recognizable ink is an infrared ink which blocks, absorbs or reflects most infrared light, but transmits most other wavelengths of light. The optically recognizable compound is referred to as an IR ink for ease in understanding and not by way of limitation.
In an exemplary embodiment, the optically recognizable compound is incorporated into a material in the form of a film, plastic, fiber, ink, concentrate, thermoplastic or thermoset matrix, thread, planchette, and/or other medium which contains in the range of about 0.001 to 40.0 wt.(%) of a compound derived from organic or inorganic materials. If incorporated in a film, the film containing the compound may be extrusion coated to one or more transparent or translucent layers, as described herein. A suitable process for applying the machine recognizable film is disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/092,681, entitled “TRANSACTION CARD,” filed Mar. 7, 2002, and incorporated herein in its entirety.
If incorporated in an ink, the infrared ink may be applied to transparent or translucent layers of transaction card by, for example, a screen printing process or any other printing or coating means such as lithography, gravure, flexo, calendar coating, curtain coating, roller coating and/or the like. An exemplary screen printing process utilizes a screen press equipped with drying equipment (UV curable or convection heat) and a screen with a specific mesh size of about 80 lines/cm. The IR ink may be printed across any portion of the entire card surface of plastic using a silk screen press, as described below.
Because the relative eye sensitivity of an ordinary observer for a specified level of illumination is between around 400–770 nm, infrared ink at over 770 nm is preferable because it is invisible to the human eye in normal white light. As such, the invisible infrared material will not substantially obscure the transparent surface of the transaction card. Additionally, the exemplary ink withstands card production temperatures of about 200 F to 400 F degrees and includes a “light fastness period” (which is the resistance of the ink to fade or degrade in the presence of any light, and specifically, UV light) of about at least three years under normal credit card usage conditions. Moreover, the exemplary ink blocks, absorbs or reflects the spectral output of IRED's, such as, for example, the Sankyo Seiki LED's, which is about 800–1000 nm. The exemplary ink also limits the light reaching the phototransistors, so the presence of a clear card having the ink is detected in a transaction machine, such as, for example, a card grabbing-type ATM machine.
Exemplary compositions of the machine recognizable compounds of the present invention comprise a mixture of a wide variety of compounds. The active compounds are derived of inorganic, organometallic, ore organic layered materials or rare earth compounds, most commonly rare earth oxides, oxysulfides or oxyhalides. The compounds are relatively inert, so the effects on the performance properties of the final product are minimized. The infrared compound comprises either a dye, layered material, pigment and/or encapsulated pigment that is dispersed in a particular medium which can be incorporated into a wide variety of end-usable products. The particle size of the infrared compound allows the materials (plastic, thread, ink, etc.) to optimally dispersed or dissolved and uniformly exist within the articles which it is incorporated.
Conventionally known infrared materials comprising layered dielectric and metallic materials or doped rare-earth materials can be effectively used as pigments for compounds in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present invention. In this context, the pigments or dyes absorb specific wavelengths of energy and may change one wavelength of energy to another. The energy conversions or absorptions may be above or below any stimulation within the electromagnetic spectrum. The compounds may absorb specific wavelengths of light or change from one color to another or the compounds may change from invisible to visible and/or the like. The infrared compounds of the present invention are thus incorporated into a system which reversibly changes one wavelength of energy to another, hence causing a “fingerprint”-type of detectable feature within the articles.
Moreover, the prepared films or materials can be mixed with a binder to form infrared compounds for use in threads, fibers, coatings, and the like. Binders that can be incorporated in the present invention include conventional additives such as waxes, thermoplastic resins, thermoset resins, rubbers, natural resins or synthetic resins. Such examples of such binders are, polypropylene, nylon, polyester, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, chlorinated rubber, acrylic, epoxy, butadiene-nitrile, shellac, zein, cellulose, polyurethane, polyvinylbutyrate, vinyl chloride, silicone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl methyl ether, nitrocellulose, polyamide, bismaleimide, polyimide, epoxy-polyester hybrid and/or the like. Films that can be used include polyester, polyvinylchloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, acrylic, polycarbonate and/or the like. As discussed below, any film can be laminated or adhered to common card articles using heat, adhesives, or a combination of both.
If the content of the compound is too low, adequate blocking may not be achieved and the phototransistor may not send the proper signal to the capture device, which will mean that the card will not be detected. Therefore, the infrared compounds are usually present in the composition at a total amount from about 1 PPM to 80.0 wt.(%), and preferably from about 0.25%–25.0% by weight. Moreover, the present invention contemplates that other materials such as, for example, UV absorbers, reflectors, antioxidants, and/or optical brighteners, may be add in order to achieve better resistance properties, aesthetics, or longevity of the materials.
Particularly, other materials may be added to allow for color shifts from one color to another color after stimulation. Commonly employed materials such as dyes, pigments, fluorescent dyes, luminous pigments, and/or the like, can be used to promote reversible color changes from one color state to another color state. Such materials can be incorporated directly with the infrared compounds during initial processing or may be added after the infrared compounds have been processed. The use of materials such as solvents, water, glycols, and/or the like can be added to adjust rhelogical properties of the material. Also, the use of surfactants, defoamers, release agents, adhesion promoters, leveling agents, and/or the like may be added to the formulations for improved processing properties. Optical brightening materials may also be added to ensure whiteness in a colorless state and to maintain a low level of contrast between many substrates where infrared compounds are located.
The exemplary infrared compounds in accordance with this invention are deposited onto films of various compositions and can be used in most card applications. Moreover, the infrared compounds in accordance with the present invention can be used alone or blended with other materials at ranges from 0.001 to 50.0 parts by weight, but most preferable from 1.0 to 15.0 parts by weight.
Typical examples of suitable inks and films for use with the present invention are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,581,839, issued Jun. 24, 2003, incorporated herein in its entirety. As such, the various suitable compositions of the IR blocking ink will not be repeated here for brevity. For a more detailed description of transparent transaction cards, see U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/611,563, entitled “CLEAR CONTACTLESS CARD,” filed Jun. 30, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.
The preceding detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention makes reference to the accompanying drawings, which show the exemplary embodiment by way of illustration. While these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that logical and mechanical changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the preceding detailed description is presented for purposes of illustration only and not of limitation, and the scope of the invention is defined solely by the appended claims and their legal equivalents when properly read in light of the preceding description. For example, the steps recited in any of the method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented.
The present invention also contemplates the use of one or more primary and/or secondary security measures. For example, fob 102 may used in accordance with, for example, an authorization/access code, personal identification number (PIN), Internet code, digital certificate, biometric data, and/or other primary and/or secondary identification data used to verify a transaction device user identity. For an example of biometric security in accordance with the present invention, see U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/708,825, entitled “METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FINGERPRINT BIOMETRICS ON A FOB,” filed Mar. 26, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.
The preceding detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention makes reference to the accompanying drawings, which show the exemplary embodiment by way of illustration. While these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that logical and mechanical changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, the steps recited in any of the method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented or method steps may be added or eliminated as desired. Further, the present invention may be practiced using one or more servers, as necessary. Thus, the preceding detailed description is presented for purposes of illustration only and not of limitation, and the scope of the invention is defined by the preceding description, and with respect to the attached claims.
This invention is a Continuation In Part of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/862,646, entitled “FOLDABLE TRANSACTION CARD SYSTEMS FOR NON-TRADITIONALLY-SIZED TRANSACTION CARDS,” filed Jun. 7, 2004. The '646 application itself claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/773,619 entitled “FOLDABLE TRANSACTION CARD SYSTEMS,” filed Feb. 6, 2004 (which itself claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/442,991, filed Jan. 28, 2003, to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/432,726 filed Dec. 11, 2002, and to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/436,394 entitled “FOLDABLE TRANSACTION CARD,” filed May 12, 2003). The '394 application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/424,592, filed Nov. 7, 2002. This application also claims priority to, and the benefits of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/708,549, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,093,767 entitled “A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PUNCH-OUT RFID TRANSACTION DEVICE,” filed Mar. 10, 2004. The '549 application itself claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/192,488, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PAYMENT USING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION IN CONTACT AND CONTACTLESS TRANSACTIONS,” filed on Jul. 9, 2002 (which itself claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/304,216, filed Jul. 10, 2001); to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/340,352, entitled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INCENTING PAYMENT USING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION IN CONTACT AND CONTACTLESS TRANSACTIONS,” filed Jan. 10, 2003 (which itself claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/396,577, filed Jul. 16, 2002); to U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/394,914, entitled “TRANSACTION CARD,” filed Mar. 21, 2003 (which itself claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/153,112, filed Sep. 7, 1999, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/160,519, filed Oct. 20, 1999, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/167,405, filed Nov. 24, 1999, and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/171,689, filed Dec. 21, 1999); and to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/302,658, now abandoned entitled “TRANSACTION CARD WITH DUAL IC CHIPS,” filed Nov. 22, 2002. All of the above-mentioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60442991 | Jan 2003 | US | |
| 60432726 | Dec 2002 | US | |
| 60424592 | Nov 2002 | US | |
| 60304216 | Jul 2001 | US | |
| 60396577 | Jul 2002 | US | |
| 60153112 | Sep 1999 | US | |
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| 60171689 | Dec 1999 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 10862646 | Jun 2004 | US |
| Child | 10906732 | US | |
| Parent | 10773619 | Feb 2004 | US |
| Child | 10862646 | US | |
| Parent | 10436394 | May 2003 | US |
| Child | 10773619 | US | |
| Parent | 10906732 | US | |
| Child | 10773619 | US | |
| Parent | 10708549 | Mar 2004 | US |
| Child | 10906732 | US | |
| Parent | 10192488 | Jul 2002 | US |
| Child | 10708549 | US | |
| Parent | 10340352 | Jan 2003 | US |
| Child | 10708549 | US | |
| Parent | 10394914 | Mar 2003 | US |
| Child | 10708549 | US | |
| Parent | 10302658 | Nov 2002 | US |
| Child | 10394914 | US |
