FOOTBALL GAME SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PLAY

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to a football game, and, more particularly, to a football game system and method of play including two opposing squads of nine players each wearing soft-shell helmets and soft-shell shoulder pads.

BACKGROUND

Due to developments in the early detection and diagnosis of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), many sports, including traditional American football, have been receiving increased scrutiny for player safety at all levels (amateur and professional). CTE is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain found in people with a history of repetitive brain trauma (often athletes), including symptomatic concussions as well as asymptomatic subconcussive hits to the head that do not cause symptoms. As a result, many parents are hesitant to sign their children up for the game of football in any form (e.g., flag, 7 on 7, tackle, passing leagues, or other game formats and leagues). Moreover, even for those parents willing to sign their child up year after year, at some point the child must make the difficult (and sometimes dangerous) transition from non-contact flag football to full-contact tackle football. As a result, entry-level players of full-contact tackle football often lack the skills and fundamentals needed to play the game safely and successfully. This can, and sometimes does, cause injuries to still-developing bodies. Therefore, what is needed is a method, apparatus, system, or assembly that addresses one or more of the foregoing issues, and/or one or more other issues, by, for example, easing the transition from non-contact flag football to full-contact tackle football. For another example, such a method, apparatus, system, or assembly could also be used to further develop the skills and fundamentals needed to play the game safely and successfully for players who already participate in full-contact tackle football leagues (e.g., through off-season use by tackle football organizations).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a football game system, which includes two opposing squads separated by a line of scrimmage in the process of playing the football game of the present disclosure, according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of a first playing field on which the football game of the present disclosure is playable by the two opposing squads of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a traditional football field on which the first playing field of FIG. 2 and up to three other playing fields substantially identical to the first playing field are set up at the same time, according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of a second playing field on which the football game of the present disclosure is playable by the two opposing squads of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a traditional football field on which the second playing field of FIG. 2 and one other playing field substantially identical to the second playing field is set up at the same time, according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a soft-shell helmet configured to be worn by each player on the two opposing squads during play of the football game of the present disclosure, according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of soft-shell shoulder pads configured to be worn by each player on the two opposing squads during play of the football game of the present disclosure, according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a player from one of the two opposing squads carrying an oblong ball during play of the football game of the present disclosure, the player wearing the soft-shell helmet of FIG. 6 and the soft-shell shoulder pads of FIG. 7, according to one or more embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring initially to FIG. 1, in an embodiment, the football game system of the present disclosure is generally referred to by the reference numeral 8 and includes two opposing teams, one team being on offense while the other team is on defense, and vice versa. The teams each include an offensive squad 10 that is fielded when the team is on offense and a defensive squad 12 that is fielded when the team is on defense. Each team, whether on offense or defense, is allowed to field nine players at a time. Thus, the team on offense fields its offensive squad 10 with nine offensive players while the team on defense fields its defensive squad 12 with nine defensive players. The offensive squad 10 tries to advance the football down the playing field to score in an “end zone” defended by the defensive squad 12. More particularly, the team on offense takes possession of the football and fields its nine-man offensive squad 10, which squad attempts to advance the ball down the field by running with the ball or throwing it. The offensive squad 10 scores points by crossing into the end zone while in possession of the football, or by catching the football in the end zone, as will be described in further detail below. On the other hand, the team on defense fields its nine-man defensive squad 12 and tries to stop the offensive squad 10 from crossing into the end zone, or from catching the football in the end zone, in order to make the offensive squad 10 give up possession of the football. If the team on offense scores or is forced to give up possession of the football, the offensive and defensive teams switch roles (the team that was on offense goes on defense and the team that was on defense goes on offense)—this continues, back and forth, until the entire game has been played.

Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment, the football game system 8 of the present disclosure includes a playing field 14 having a rectangular shape and defining a length L1 and a width W1. In some embodiments, the length L1 is approximately 50 yards (150 feet) and the width W1 is approximately 25 yards (75 feet). In other embodiments, the length L1 is approximately 60 yards (180 feet) and the width W1 is approximately 25 yards. However, the length L1 may vary from at least about 40 yards (120 feet) to about 63⅓ yards (190 feet), and the width W1 may vary from about 20 yards (60 feet) to about 35 yards (105 feet). In some embodiments, the length L1 of the playing field 14 is between about 40 yards and about 63⅓ yards (190 feet), and thus the length L1 may be 50 yards, about 50 yards, 63⅓ yards, about 63⅓ yards, or any length between 40 yards and 63⅓ yards. In some embodiments the width W1 of the playing field 14 is between about 20 yards (60 feet) and about 35 yards (105 feet), and thus the width W1 may be 20 yards, about 20 yards, 35 yards, about 35 yards, or any width between 20 yards and 35 yards.

The playing field 14 includes end lines 16a and 16b at opposing ends thereof. The end lines 16a and 16b extend the entire width W1 of the playing field 14 and are spaced in a substantially parallel relation. Goal lines 18a and 18b are positioned inwardly from the respective end lines 16a and 16b by a distance D1. In some embodiments, the distance D1 is approximately 5 yards (15 feet). However, the distance D1 may vary from at least about 3 yards (9 feet) to about 10 yards (30 feet). In some embodiments, the distance D1 is between about 3 yards and about 10 yards, and thus the distance D1 may be 3 yards, about 3 yards, 5 yards, about 5 yards, 10 yards, about 10 yards, or any distance between about 3 yards and about 10 yards. The goal lines 18a and 18b extend the entire width W1 of the playing field 14, are spaced in a substantially parallel relation, and are separated by a distance D2. In some embodiments, the distance D2 is approximately 40 yards (120 feet). In other embodiments, the distance D2 is approximately 50 yards. However, the distance D2 may vary from about 40 yards to about 53⅓ yards (160 feet). The area between the end line 16a and the goal line 18a forms an end zone 20a, and the area between the end line 16b and the goal line 18b forms an end zone 20b. The end zones 20a and 20b are bordered by sidelines 22a and 22b that extend the entire length L1 of the playing field 14 and are spaced in a substantially parallel relation. The corners of the end zones 20a and 20b can be marked by weighted pylons, and the area on the playing field 14 between the goal lines 18a and 18b can be marked by markers. For example, some of the markers can be used to mark starting lines of scrimmage 24a and 24b positioned inwardly from the respective goal lines 18a and 18b by a distance D3. In an embodiment, the distance D3 is approximately 10 yards (30 feet) but may vary from about 5 yards (15 feet) to about 25 yards (75 feet). Others of the markers can be used to mark yardage from the closest goal line 18a or 18b (unless the marker is equidistant from both goal lines 18a and 18b, in which case the marker would indicate the distance from either goal line 18a or 18b).

Turning to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the football game system 8 includes the playing field 14 and up to three other playing fields 14′, 14″, and 14′″ substantially identical to the playing field 14, which are set up on a single traditional football field 25 (having a length of 120 yards and a width of 53⅓ yards). In some embodiments, the length L1 of the playing field 14 and the corresponding lengths of the other playing fields 14′, 14″ and 14′″ run from sideline to sideline on the traditional football field 25, as shown in FIG. 3. As a result, the end zones 20a and 20b (shown in FIG. 2) are within the boundaries of the traditional football field 25. In other embodiments, however, the goal lines 18a and 18b may be located on or near the sidelines of the traditional football field 25 so that the end zones 20a and 20b (shown in FIG. 2) extend therebeyond. Moreover, in still other embodiments, the playing field 14 and/or the other playing fields 14′, 14″, and 14′″ may be otherwise located on the traditional football field 25. In some embodiments, the playing field 14 and the other playing fields 14′, 14″, 14′″ are separated from each other by a minimum of about 5 yards for safety purposes.

Referring to FIG. 4, in another embodiment, the football game system 8 of the present disclosure includes a playing field 26 having a rectangular shape and defining a length L2 and a width W2. In some embodiments, the length L2 is approximately 55 yards (165 feet) and the width W2 is approximately 53⅓ yards. However, the length L2 may vary from about 45 yards (135 feet) to about 55 yards, and the width W2 may vary from about 40 yards (120 feet) to about 53⅓ yards. In some embodiments, the length L2 of the playing field 26 is between about 45 yards (135 feet) and about 55 yards (165 feet), and thus the length L2 is 45 yards, about 45 yards, 55 yards, about 55 yards, or any length between 45 yards and 55 yards. In some embodiments, the width W2 of the playing field 26 is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 53-1/3 yards (160 feet), and thus the width W2 is 40 yards, about 40 yards, 53⅓ yards, about 53⅓ yards, or any width between 40 yards and 53⅓ yards. The playing field 26 includes a starting line of scrimmage 28a and an end line 28b at opposing ends thereof. The starting line of scrimmage 28a and the end line 28b extend the entire width W2 of the playing field 26 and are spaced in a substantially parallel relation. A goal line 30 is positioned inwardly from the end line 28b by a distance D4. In some embodiments, the distance D4 is approximately 10 yards (30 feet). However, the distance D4 may vary from at least about 3 yards (9 feet) to about 10 yards. In some embodiments, the distance D4 is between about 3 yards and about 10 yards, and thus the distance D4 may be 3 yards, about 3 yards, 5 yards, about 5 yards, 10 yards, about 10 yards, or any distance between about 3 yards and about 10 yards. The goal line 30 extends the entire width W2 of the playing field 26, is spaced in a substantially parallel relation with the end line 28b and is separated from the starting line of scrimmage 28a by a distance D5. In some embodiments, the distance D5 is approximately 45 yards. However, the distance D5 may vary from about 35 yards to about 45 yards. The area between the end line 28b and the goal line 30 forms an end zone 32. The end zone 32 is bordered by sidelines 34a and 34b that extend the entire length L2 of the playing field 26 and are spaced in a substantially parallel relation. The corners of the end zone 32 can be marked by weighted pylons, and the area on the playing field 26 between the goal line 30 and the starting line of scrimmage 28a can be marked by markers. For example, some of the markers can be used to mark yardage from the goal line 30.

Turning to FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the football game system 8 includes the playing field 26 and one other playing field 26′ substantially identical to the playing field 26, which are set up on the single traditional football field 25. In some embodiments, the width W2 of the playing field 26 and the corresponding width of the other playing field 26′ run from sideline to sideline on the traditional football field 25, as shown in FIG. 3. Moreover, in some embodiments, the starting line of scrimmage 28a (shown in FIG. 4) of the playing field 26 and the corresponding starting line of scrimmage of the other playing field 26′ are located on opposing 45-yard-lines of the traditional football field 25. As a result, the end zone 32 (shown in FIG. 4) of the playing field 26 and the corresponding end zone of the other playing field 26′ coincide with the end zones of the traditional football field 25. In other embodiments, however, the playing field 26 and/or the other playing field 26′ may be otherwise located on the traditional football field 25.

It is noted that, although described herein as including the playing field 14 and/or the up to three other playing fields 14′, 14″, and 14′″, or the playing field 26 and/or the one other playing field 26′, the football game system 8 may instead include only the traditional football field 25.

Referring again to FIG. 1, with continuing reference to FIGS. 2-5, the majority of the football game of the present disclosure takes place on plays, or downs, that begin at a line of scrimmage 36. In some embodiments, the line of scrimmage 36 includes imaginary lines that extend between sidelines (e.g., 22a and 22b, or 34a and 34b) and through the front and rear end points of the football. The area between these imaginary lines may be referred to as the neutral zone. The offensive and defensive players are considered to be on the line of scrimmage 36 when they are within one yard of the neutral zone. In an embodiment, the nine players of the offensive squad 10 are broken into two groups: three offensive linemen, whose primary job it is to block, and six eligible ball carriers (including five eligible receivers and one quarterback), whose primary job it is to advance the football by either running or passing. The organization of the offensive squad 10 is mandated by certain rules. First, at the beginning of each play, there must be at least five offensive players on the line of scrimmage 36, and no more than four offensive players can be positioned behind the line of scrimmage 36 (i.e., in the backfield). Second, the only players eligible to handle the football during a normal play are the backs and the receivers—the remaining players (i.e., the offensive linemen) are considered ineligible, and may only block. Within these two rules, however, creative coaches can develop a wide array of offensive formations to take advantage of different player skills and game situations. Regardless of the particular offensive formation chosen, the positions held by players on the offensive squad 10 are all aimed at achieving one goal—advancing the football down the field and into the end zone (e.g., 20a, 20b, or 32). To achieve this goal, each offensive position has different responsibilities that must be carried out, as will be described in further detail below.

The offensive linemen include a center 38 and a pair of guards 40 and 42. The center 38 begins every offensive play by “snapping” the football to a quarterback 44. After the center 38 snaps the football, his main job is to block defensive players. The manner in which the center 38 blocks depends on the opposing defensive alignment and the offensive play call. The center 38 is a fairly tall, thick player with good levels of strength, and is preferably one of the heavier players on the offensive squad 10. The center 38 must have a high level of intelligence, since it's his job to communicate the defensive alignment to the other offensive lineman and inform them of their assignments. The best centers are big, intelligent players who are good at snapping the football and highly skilled at blocking. The guards 40 and 42 line up directly to the right and left of the center 38, and are preferably even bigger than the center 38. The guards 40 and 42 have the responsibility to block defensive players by either run blocking (pushing the defensive players away from the ball carrier on a running play) or pass blocking (stopping the defensive players from disrupting or downing the quarterback 44 on a passing play). In some embodiments of the football game of the present disclosure, any blocking (whether run blocking or pass blocking) must be initiated with the hands (referred to as “open hand blocking”)—any use of the shoulders for blocking is prohibited. The manner in which the guards 40 and 42 block depends on the opposing defensive alignment and the offensive play call. The guards 40 and 42 can also “pull” on some plays by running out of their position on the defensive line to lead block for a ball carrier. The best guards are big players who are highly skilled at blocking.

The offensive backs include a quarterback 44 and a pair of running backs 46 and 48. The quarterback 44 is the player who receives the football from the center 38 to start the play—considered the most important position on the offensive squad 10, the quarterback 44 is responsible for receiving the play call from the coaches on the sideline and communicating the play call to the other offensive players in the huddle. The quarterback 44 may also need to make changes to the play at the line of scrimmage 36, depending on the defensive alignment. At the start of the play, the quarterback 44 may be lined up “under center” (directly in contact with the center 38 to receive the football via direct hand-to-hand pass) or “in the shotgun” (some distance behind the center 38)—exactly how far the quarterback 44 stands from the center 38 depends on the offensive formation. Upon receiving the snap from the center 38, the quarterback 44 may advance the football by running with it himself, handing it to another ball carrier to run with, or executing a forward pass to a player downfield, as will be described in further detail below. The quarterback 44 can even act as a receiver to catch a pass thrown by another player during a trick play. For this reason, the quarterback 44 must be able to throw the football accurately, read the defense, and make quick and accurate decisions. The best quarterbacks are tall, intelligent players with a good throwing arm and strong leadership qualities.

The running backs 46 and 48 are players who line up behind the offensive linemen, and who are in position to receive the football from the quarterback 44 to execute a running play. Anywhere from one to three running backs may be utilized in a play. Depending on where they line up, and what role they have, running backs come in several types. For example, the running backs 46 and 48 may include a fullback and a halfback, respectively. The fullback 46 lines up either in front of or next to the halfback 48—his exact alignment depends on the formation. Moreover, in certain offensive formations, the fullback 46 lines up right behind the line of scrimmage 36, an alignment in which the fullback 46 is referred to as an H-Back. The fullback 46 is involved in running, blocking, and (sometimes) catching passes—he is preferably larger and stronger than the halfback 48, and acts primarily as a blocker. For this reason, the fullback 46 is a strong and stocky player that lines up closer to the line of scrimmage 36 than the halfback 48. The best fullbacks are tough, powerful players with above average size and a knack for blocking.

The halfback 48 lines up either directly behind, or right next to, the quarterback 44, and, in many cases, behind the fullback 46—his exact alignment depends on the formation. The halfback 48 is involved in running, blocking, and catching passes. The halfback 48 is the player who often receives handoffs from the quarterback 44 and runs forward to gain yardage but is sometimes used as a receiver out of the backfield (e.g., acting as a last resort for the quarterback 44 when all other receivers are covered during a passing play). For this reason, the halfback 48 is a shorter, smaller player who is light on his feet and can maneuver through tight holes. The halfback 48 can also line up behind the center 38 to receive the snap and may even throw a pass on trick plays. The best halfbacks are fast, agile players with good vision and the ability to break downs and carry the football.

The receivers include a pair of wide receivers 50 and 52 and (sometimes) a tight end 54. The wide receivers 50 and 52 line up on or near the line of scrimmage 36—the width of their alignment depends on the formation, but they have the widest alignment of any offensive player. The number of wide receivers on the offensive squad 10 can vary widely depending on the formation (e.g., the offensive squad 10 can line up as many as five wide receivers), but most basic formations include two wide receivers. The wide receivers 50 and 52, like the running backs 46 and 48, come in different varieties depending on whether they are lined up on the line of scrimmage 36 or behind the line of scrimmage 36. The wide receiver 50 (called a “split end”) is lined up directly on the line of scrimmage 36 and is counted among the five required players on the line of scrimmage 36. On the other hand, the wide receiver 52 (called a “flanker”) is lined up behind the line of scrimmage 36 and is therefore counted as one of the four required backs. Finally, in some embodiments, a wide receiver (called a “slot receiver” or “slotback”) lines up “in the slot” between the outermost wide receiver and the offensive linemen. The primary responsibility of the wide receivers 50 and 52 is to catch passes and to run after the catch, but they are occasionally called on to block as well. For this reason, the wide receivers 50 and 52 are players of medium to above-average height, with a fair amount of speed and the ability to catch passes. The best wide receivers are quick players who have a knack for catching the football and have the balance and agility to run good routes. But the most well-rounded wide receivers are also effective blockers and, in some cases, can act as running backs on trick plays.

The tight end 54 can line up virtually anywhere on the field, but is preferably aligned directly next to one of the guards 40 or 42, and is therefore counted as one of the five required players on the line of scrimmage 36. The tight end 54 may alternatively line up as an H-back behind the line of scrimmage 36, in which case he would be counted as one of the four required backs, but otherwise his role is similar to that of a normal tight end. The tight end 54 is essentially a combination of an offensive lineman and a wide receiver, and is among the most well-rounded athletes on the field. Because the tight end 54 plays directly next to the offensive linemen, he is frequently called on to block (especially during running plays), but he may also be called on to catch passes. The tight end 54 must therefore be strong enough to run block and pass block, as well as agile enough to run pass routes and catch the football. For this reason, the tight end 54 is preferably bigger and stronger than a wide receiver yet smaller and faster than an offensive lineman. The best tight ends are tall players that are skilled at both catching passes and blocking. Sometimes the tight end 54 is omitted from the offensive formation in favor of another running back or another wide receiver.

Depending on the style of offense the coaches have designed, the game situation, and the relative skill sets of the players, squads may run offensive formations which contain any number of backs and receivers, so long as the mandated four players in the backfield and five players on the line of scrimmage 36 rule is followed. Thus, squads may use a wide variety of formations, from a formation with three running backs, two tight ends, and no wide receivers, to a formation featuring four or five wide receivers, sometimes without any running backs.

Referring still to FIG. 1, in an embodiment, the squad that begins a play not in possession of the football is said to be on defense, and so fields its defensive squad 12 with nine defensive players. The nine players of the defensive squad 12 are broken into three groups: defensive linemen, whose primary job it is to prevent the offensive linemen from opening up running lanes for the running backs 46 and 48 or to sack the quarterback 44, linebackers, whose primary job it is to stop the run, rush the quarterback 44, or drop back into pass protection, and defensive backs, whose primary job is pass coverage, although they can also be involved in stopping the run or rushing the quarterback 44. The defensive players' specific positions on the field and duties during the game vary depending on the type of defensive formation being used as well as the kind of offensive formation the defensive squad 12 is facing. Regardless of the particular defensive formation chosen, the positions held by players on the defensive squad 12 are all aimed at achieving one goal—preventing the offensive squad 10 from gaining yards and scoring. To achieve this goal, each defensive position has different responsibilities that must be carried out.

The defensive linemen line up directly on the line of scrimmage 36, close to the football, and include a pair of defensive ends 56 and 58 that line up against the offensive linemen, including the center 38 and/or the guards 40 and 42. The primary responsibility of the defensive ends 56 and 58 is to prevent the offensive linemen from opening up running lanes for the running backs 46 and 48 or to sack the quarterback 44, depending on whether the play is a passing play or a running play. Most of the time, the defensive ends 56 and 58 attack the offensive linemen, but in some plays they drop back into pass coverage to confuse the offensive squad 10. The defensive ends 56 and 58 line up on the line of scrimmage 36 just outside the guards 40 and 42, and need to be strong so as not to be pushed back by the offensive linemen, yet fast enough to run around the guards 40 and 42 and sack the quarterback 44. Some defensive ends are strong and considered more adept at stopping the run, while others are fast and agile, and are much better at rushing the quarterback 44 than stopping the run. The defensive ends 56 and 58 are most effectively used to stop offensive runs to the outer edges of the line of scrimmage 36 (referred to as “containment”). The faster of the two defensive ends is preferably placed on the right side of the defensive line (to the quarterback 44's left) because that is a right-handed quarterback 44's blind side. The best defensive ends are tall, strong players with the ability to hold their own against the offensive guards 40 and 42 and the speed and quickness to get to the quarterback 44 or chase down the running backs 46 and 48.

The linebackers can either stand behind the defensive linemen or set themselves up on the line of scrimmage 36, and, depending on the type of defensive strategy being used, the linebackers' responsibilities can include helping to stop the run, rushing the quarterback 44, or dropping back into pass protection. The linebackers may include a middle linebacker 60 and a pair of outside linebackers 62 and 64. The middle linebacker 60 is responsible for knowing every defensive player's assignment and occasionally making adjustments to the defensive formation based on what the offensive squad 10 is doing. The middle linebacker 60 must also be capable of stopping the running backs 46 and 48 when they make it past the defensive linemen, covering pass plays over the middle, and rushing the quarterback 44 on blitz plays. For this reason, the middle linebacker 60 is preferably the biggest and strongest linebacker on the defensive squad 12, finding himself in the middle of the action and leading the squad in downs. The best middle linebackers are strong, intelligent players who are good downers and can make plays both in space and in traffic.

The outside linebackers 62 and 64 set up behind the line of scrimmage 36, either just inside or just outside the defensive ends 56 and 58, and are used to rush the quarterback 44. The outside linebackers 62 and 64 tend to be the fastest and most agile linebackers on the defense. The outside linebacker 62 is the “weak side” linebacker whose role it is to line up on the side of the offensive line without the tight end 54, and who is used to rush or blitz the quarterback 44, or to cover the running back 46 or 48 on pass plays. The outside linebacker 64 is the “strong side” linebacker whose role it is to line up on the same side as the tight end 54, and who is responsible for covering the tight end 54 or the running back 46 or 48 on pass plays. For these reasons, the outside linebackers 62 and 64 are preferably a bit more athletic than the middle linebacker 60, because they are asked to blitz more and have tougher assignments in pass coverage. The best outside linebackers are long, strong athletic players who can make plays in space and are solid downers.

The defensive backs play behind the linebackers or set to the outside (near the sidelines), and their primary responsibility is pass coverage, although they can also be used to stop the run or rush the quarterback 44. The defensive backs must therefore be able to make open field downs, especially when the ball carrier has advanced the football past the other defensive players. The defensive backs typically include a pair of cornerbacks 66 and 68 and a pair of safeties 70 and 72, but specialty defensive backs can also be brought into the game to replace linebackers or defensive linemen when there is a need to cover additional receivers. The cornerbacks 66 and 68 line up opposite the wide receivers 50 and 52, and their main job is to cover the wide receivers 50 and 52 and to prevent them from catching passes, or to down them if they do catch a pass. For this reason, the cornerbacks 66 and 68 are preferably similar physically to wide receivers. In running situations, the job of the cornerbacks 66 and 68 is to contain the runner, either by directing him back to the middle of the field to be downed, by downing him themselves, or by forcing him out of bounds. The best cornerbacks are small to average-sized players with great speed, acceleration, instincts and coverage skills. The safeties 70 and 72 are the farthest away from the line of scrimmage 36 when the play starts, and their job is to help the cornerbacks 66 and 68 cover receivers and, if necessary, to help the defensive line and linebackers protect against the run. Because of this comprehensive role, most safeties are the best all-around athletes on the defensive squad 12. The free safety 70 lines up in the middle of the defensive backfield at least 10 yards away from the line of scrimmage 36, and does not have a specific responsibility—he is free to follow the ball as the play develops (hence the title of “free” safety). The free safety 70 is expected to help the cornerbacks 66 and 68 defend against passes, especially deep passes. If the offensive formation employs more than two receivers, the free safety 70 may be asked to cover one of the extra receivers. The best free safeties are small to average-sized players with good speed, range, anticipation, and ball catching skills. The strong safety 72 lines up toward the middle of the defensive backfield, either even with the free safety 70 or several yards closer to the line of scrimmage 36. The strong safety 72 is preferably a bit bigger and stronger than the free safety 70, because he plays a larger role in stopping the run. The strong safety 72 is responsible for covering the tight end 54 or an extra receiver, depending on the offensive formation. The best strong safeties are average-sized tough, athletic players who are adept at pass coverage and downing the ball carrier.

Turning to FIGS. 6-8, with continuing reference to FIGS. 1-5, the football game system 8 further includes an oblong ball 73, as well as approved soft-shell helmets 74, soft-shell shoulder pads 76, and mouth guards 78, which are mandatory for all players and must be readily visible to the game official. The soft-shell shoulder pads 76 include shoulder protection as well as solar plexus protection. In some embodiments, an AC joint pad may be used with the soft-shell shoulder pads 76. Moreover, in some embodiments, at least when the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 14, each player on the field must wear approved flags 80 around their waist outside of game jerseys 82. The flags 80 must be centered with a flag on each hip. Improperly worn flags 80 are subject to a flag guarding penalty. The flags 80 may not be altered in any way from their original/manufactured condition. If the soft-shell helmets 74 and the soft-shell shoulder pads 76 are used in an offensive manner such as, for example, spearing, the offending player will be subject to penalization for unnecessary roughness. Cleats 84 are also required, but cannot include metal cleats and/or metal spikes. Hard casts, unapproved soft-shell shoulder pads or soft-shell helmets, baseball caps of any kind, jewelry (including rings, necklaces and watches), or anything that conceals the flags 80 are prohibited. Scrum caps, karate helmets, headbands, or any other non-approved helmet is not allowed. Wearing any banned equipment on the field will result in a delay of game penalty, and the offending player with not be allowed back onto the field until the banned equipment is removed. In some embodiments, the ball carrier is downed by the defensive squad 12 when a player from the defensive squad 12 removes one of the ball carrier's flags 80, as will be discussed in further detail below. In other embodiments, however, the flags 80 are omitted and the ball carrier is downed at the point where the ball carrier is tagged or touched below the shoulders by an opposing player, as will be discussed in further detail below.

Referring again to FIGS. 1-3, with continuing reference to FIGS. 6-8, in an embodiment, the football game of the present disclosure is playable on the playing field 14. More particularly, at the start of each game on the playing field 14, the game official will gather players (maximum 4) from each squad near the center of the playing field 14 for a coin toss. In some embodiments, the head coach must accompany the players and identify himself to the game officials. The game opening coin toss and the overtime coin toss (if applicable) will be called by the visiting squad before the coin is flipped. The winner of the coin toss may choose either the direction to start play or whether to start play on offense or defense, and the loser of the coin toss will be given the other option—to begin the second half, the squads will do the opposite with no second half coin toss. Coaches must have their squads assembled 5 minutes before their scheduled start or with no less than 5 minutes to go in the prior game. If a squad is not at the coin toss on time (subject to game official's discretion), the opposing squad automatically wins the coin toss. Gameplay starts at the starting line of scrimmage 24a or 24b (e.g., the 10-yard-line)—for example, the coin toss could result in the football being placed on the offensive squad 10's starting line of scrimmage 24a. The offensive squad 10 gathers in a huddle and discusses the play it will use to try to advance the football downfield in a direction 86 toward the end zone 20b, respectively. The defensive squad 12 also forms a huddle and discusses its next attempt to slow the offensive squad 10. After the squads come out of their respective huddles, they line up opposite each other on the line of scrimmage 36, which initially coincides, for example, with the starting line of scrimmage 24a on the playing field 14.

In some embodiments, at least five players from the offensive squad 10 must line up on the line of scrimmage 36 before the play begins. In some embodiments, no more than four players from the offensive squad 10 are permitted in the backfield before the play begins. In some embodiments, at least five players from the offensive squad 10 must line up on the line of scrimmage 36 before the play begins, and no more than four players from the offensive squad 10 are permitted in the offensive backfield before the play begins. In some embodiments, the offensive squad 10 must have five players on the line of scrimmage 36 prior to the snap, including three offensive linemen and two eligible receivers (for example, one receiver on each opposing side of the offensive line). In some embodiments, only one player behind the line of scrimmage 36 may be in motion at the snap of the football—such motion must be parallel to the line of scrimmage 36. In some embodiments, at least two players from the defensive squad 12 (e.g., the defensive ends 56 and 58) must line up on the line of scrimmage 36 before the play begins. However, no defensive player is permitted to line up directly over (in front of) the center 38 (or the guards). In some embodiments, no more than seven players from the defensive squad 12 are permitted in the defensive backfield before the play begins. In some embodiments, at least two players from the defensive squad 12 (e.g., the defensive ends 56 and 58) must line up on the line of scrimmage 36 before the play begins, and no more than seven players from the defensive squad 12 are permitted in the defensive backfield before the play begins.

The play begins when the center 38 crouches over the ball and snaps it to the quarterback 44, and the play ends when the football becomes dead. The quarterback 44 may take a direct snap from under center 38 or in the shotgun position. In some embodiments, prior to the snap, all players except for the center 38 must be in a 2-point stance, and not a 3-point stance. The center 38 is required to snap the ball between his legs—the snap must be continuous, meaning that it must pass directly and immediately from the center 38 to the quarterback 44 (or another player on the offensive squad 10). At the beginning of each play, the center 38 must have both feet at the line of scrimmage 36 with no part of his body extending beyond the forward tip of the football. After the snap, the center 38 is allowed to double squad a defensive player (e.g., together with one of the guards 40 or 42), but must initiate blocking with his hands. After receiving the snap, the quarterback 44 (or another offensive back) can pass the ball or hand it off to a teammate.

The football can become dead in a number of ways. For example, the football becomes dead when the ball carrier is downed by the defensive squad 12 or goes out of bounds, or a pass hits the ground without a player having caught it. The defensive squad 12 tries to prevent the offensive squad 10 from advancing the ball by downing the ball carrier as quickly as possible. In some embodiments, at least when the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 14, the ball carrier is downed at the point where the ball carrier's flag 80 is removed (whether on its own or by a player from the opposing squad). If the ball carrier or receiver is missing a flag 80 or flags 80, the ball becomes dead at the point where the player takes possession of the ball. Alternatively, in some embodiments, at least when the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 14, the flags 80 are omitted and the ball carrier is downed at the point where the ball carrier is tagged or touched below the shoulders by an opposing player. Players are not, however, permitted to strip the football from the ball carrier—any player that makes intentional contact with the ball while it is being carried and causing the ball to be fumbled will be called for stripping (e.g., resulting in a 5 yard penalty).

Passes may be thrown overhand, underhand, or side arm, and pass receivers are only required to get one foot down in bounds to catch a completed pass. The quarterback 44 and the five eligible receivers are the only players permitted to catch (or run) the football. On a passing play, a defensive player and/or receiver may contact each other as many times as desired within five yards of the line of scrimmage 36. Beyond five yards from the line of scrimmage 36, however, any contact may be interpreted by the game official(s) as pass interference. Any pass thrown from behind the line of scrimmage 36 to an offensive player downfield is defined as a forward pass. Any pass thrown parallel to the line of scrimmage 36 (or backward) is defined as a lateral pass. An incomplete lateral pass is a dead ball and the line of scrimmage 36 is reset to where the ball first touched the ground. The quarterback 44 may spike the ball to stop the clock only after the two-minute warning (discussed below). However, intentional grounding will be called if the quarterback 44 downs the ball while in the tackle box to avoid a loss of yardage. If an offensive and a defensive player catch the football simultaneously, the ball will be declared dead on the spot and awarded to the offense. Moreover, the ball may be touched by two or more receivers in succession and still result in a completed pass. In some embodiments, at least when the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 14, if a receiver's flag 80 falls off prior to making a catch or is pulled while making the catch, it is ruled a completed pass and the ball is spotted where the catch was made.

In some embodiments, the quarterback 44 is not allowed to run with the ball unless the defensive squad 12 blitzes. For example, a blitz may be defined as any time a third player from the defensive squad 12 (other than the two defensive linemen) crosses the line of scrimmage. More particularly, the defensive squad 12 may blitz by adding a pre-determined rusher beyond the two defensive linemen (i.e., the defensive ends 56) during a play. As a result, during a roll out, scramble, or broken play, the quarterback 44 can only run across the line of scrimmage 36 if an additional defensive player (e.g., one of the linebackers 60, 62, or 64 and/or another defensive back) crosses the line of scrimmage 36 beyond the two defensive ends 56 that are allowed to rush. The quarterback 44 is allowed to run to receive a pass beyond the line of scrimmage 36 after pitching or handing off the football behind the line of scrimmage 36. Moreover, quarterback sneaks in the A-gap (i.e., on either side of the center 38) are not allowed. The A-gap is the area on either side of the center 38 and adjacent the guards. If the quarterback 44 gives the ball to another player (e.g., the halfback 48) who then attempts to double pass, that player is subject to the same quarterback 44 running rules.

The offensive players bump the defensive players, or try to force them out of the way, by performing a maneuver known as blocking. Lead blocking for a ball carrier is permitted. Pulling the offensive line is also allowed, but all blocking rules still apply to the other offensive players. When engaging a block, the blocker must break down and engage the defensive player with hands first. Landing or piling on a defensive player or player on the ground is prohibited. Knee blocking, chip blocking, and elbowing are also prohibited. Depending on severity, any blocking initiated with elbows, forearms, or shoulders may result in a charging penalty. Crack back blocks, opposite direction blocks, or driving a defensive player to the ground are not allowed, and will result in an unnecessary roughness penalty. Any blocking below the waist, cut blocks, or crack back blocking will result in an automatic ejection of the offending player.

The football is next spotted where it became dead, and this spot becomes the line of scrimmage 36 for the next play. Spotting of the ball is up to the judgment of the game official(s). The ball should be spotted at the point it is held when the ball carrier is downed, and not, for example, the point where the defensive player was standing when he pulled the flag 80, or the place where the defensive player threw the pulled flag 80 on the ground. In the case of an eligible ball carrier diving to catch the ball, the ball should be spotted at the point where the receiver's hips are located when his knee hits the ground. In the case of an incomplete forward pass, however, the football is returned to the spot where it was last snapped to begin the next play. In some embodiments, if the football is fumbled in or out of bounds, it is declared dead and possession remains with the squad that most recently had control of the football. Indeed, in some embodiments, the only way a fumbled ball may be recovered and advanced by the recovering squad is if the football is recovered in the air (before it hits the ground). Similarly, an intercepted ball can also be advanced by the intercepting squad.

Before the offensive squad 10 has advanced the football in the direction 86 to within a predetermined distance (e.g., 10 yards) from the goal line 18b, the offensive squad 10 is given three plays (or “downs”) within which to advance the football downfield by at least the predetermined distance (e.g., at least 10 yards) in order to retain possession. If the offense succeeds in advancing the football by at least the predetermined distance, they earn a “first down” and are awarded a new set of downs starting from the spot to which they last advanced. Moreover, after the offensive squad 10 has succeeded in advancing the football to within the predetermined distance (e.g., 10 yards) from the goal line 18b, the offensive squad 10 is given four plays (or “downs”) within which to advance the football into the end zone 20b. Thus, the offensive squad 10 can only go for it on fourth down when they are inside the “red zone” (i.e., inside the 10-yard-line). Alternatively, in other embodiments, the offensive squad 10 is permitted to go for it on fourth down when they are both inside and outside the red zone. The offensive squad 10 scores points by reaching the end zone 20b. If, however, when the football is greater than the predetermined distance from the defensive squad 12's goal line 18b, the offensive squad 10 fails to advance the football by at least the predetermined distance (e.g., 10 yards) within three downs, or, when the football is less than the predetermined distance from the defensive squad 12's goal line 18b, the offensive squad 10 fails to advance the football into the end zone 20b within four downs, the defensive squad 12 gains control of the football (this is called a “turnover on downs”). Thus, the role of the defensive squad 12 is to prevent the offensive squad 10 from gaining yards and scoring. The defensive squad 12 accomplishes this by forcing the offensive squad 10 to turn the football over, either by forcing the offensive squad 10 to fumble or throw an interception, or by forcing a turnover on downs.

If, however, the offensive squad 10 succeeds in advancing the football into the end zone 20b, they score a “touchdown.” More particularly, a touchdown is scored if the football is carried by an offensive player and breaks the plane of the defensive squad 12's end zone 20b, or an offensive player gains control of the football (i.e., before the football becomes dead) in the defensive squad 12's end zone 20b. An example of gaining control of the football in the defensive squad 12's end zone 20b includes catching or recovering the football in the end zone 20b. A touchdown is worth six points. After a touchdown is scored, the scoring squad will have the option of going for one or two extra points, called a conversion or point-after-touchdown attempt. If the scoring squad elects to go for one extra point, the ball will be placed a predetermined distance (e.g., 3 yards) from the goal line 18b and the offensive squad 10 will be given a single play in which to achieve, once again, what would normally be considered a touchdown (i.e., to run or pass the ball into the end zone 20b)—such a conversion is worth one extra point. If, however, the scoring squad elects to go for two extra points, the ball will be placed a greater predetermined distance (e.g., 10 yards) from the goal line 18b and the offensive squad 10 will be given a single play in which to run or pass the ball into the end zone 20b—such a conversion is worth two extra points. In some embodiments, conversion attempts count as clock plays unless the touchdown is scored at the end of a half or at the end of the game. That is, if a touchdown is scored at the end of a half or at the end of the game, a conversion attempt will still take place (if necessary). After a conversion attempt is made, the scoring squad must give up possession of the football to the other squad. In some embodiments, an interception of a conversion attempt by the defensive squad 12 is blown dead by the game official(s). Alternatively, in other embodiments, if a conversion attempt is intercepted by the defensive squad 12, the football can be returned to the opposite end zone for two points regardless of whether the scoring squad was attempting a one or two point conversion.

The defensive squad 12 may also score points by downing the offensive squad 10's ball carrier behind the goal line 18a, called a safety, and worth two points. The squad that conceded the safety must then give up possession of the football to the scoring squad. That is, after a safety is scored, the scoring squad takes possession of the football on its own starting line of scrimmage 24a or 24b (i.e., the 10-yard-line). A safety may occur when: the offensive squad 10 drops the football in the offensive squad 10's end zone 20a, the defensive squad 12 downs an offensive ball carrier in the offensive squad 10's end zone 20a, or a live ball penalty is committed by the offense in the offensive squad 10's end zone 20a. Examples of such penalties include illegal blocking, flag guarding, illegal forward passing, and intentional grounding.

After a conversion attempt by the offensive squad 10, or a safety by the defensive squad 12, the football is placed on the starting line of scrimmage 24b and the squad that was on defense takes over possession of the football with the objective of advancing the football downfield in a direction 88 toward the end zone 20a. Alternatively, in some embodiments, a turnover on downs will result in an “automatic-punt” in which the other squad will take over possession of the football 30 yards upfield from the previous line of scrimmage 36 without any kicking of the football. The placement of the football after an automatic-punt may not be behind the defensive squad 12's starting line of scrimmage 24b (i.e., the 10-yard-line). This continues, back and forth, until the entire game has been played. The objective of the football game of the present disclosure is to score more points than the opposing squad during the allotted time—the winner is the squad that has scored the most points at the end of the game.

During the regular season, if the score is tied at the end of regulation time, the squads have the option of entering a tie into the standings or playing an overtime period. However, during the postseason, if the score is tied at the end of regulation time, an overtime period must be played. To begin the overtime period, a coin is tossed to determine which squad gets the ball first, with the visiting squad calling heads or tails—the coin toss winner may defer to the other squad. The overtime period is structured so that each squad is given three plays (with no first downs) in which to score. Each squad is given the opportunity to answer a score by the other squad if the score occurs within the same series, with an unanswered score resulting in a win. Overtime play starts a predetermined distance (e.g., 10 yards) from the defensive squad 12's goal line 18a or 18b. During the overtime period, an interception or fumble recovery may be returned for a score by the defensive squad 12, resulting in an automatic win. No timeouts are permitted during the overtime period. If the squads are still tied after the first overtime series, each squad is required to attempt a two point conversion after scoring in all subsequent series. Moreover, after the first overtime series, the squads will alternate first possession. This process will be repeated with the squads having equal opportunities to score until a tie no longer exists after a completed series. In some embodiments, a series is defined as both squads getting one opportunity to score (i.e., in a total of three plays). If the score remains tied after the second overtime series, the squad who scores in the least number of plays during the third series will be deemed the winner. More particularly, if the squad having possession first in the series scores on the second play, the squad having possession second can win if it scores on the first play, but will lose if it does not score on the second play.

Referring again to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, in another embodiment, the football game of the present disclosure is playable on the playing field 26. With a few exceptions, the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 26 in substantially the same manner as the manner in which it is played on the playing field 14. More particularly, at the start of each game on the playing field 26, after the coin toss, the football is placed on the starting line of scrimmage 28a. The offensive squad 10 gathers in a huddle and discusses the play it will use to try to advance the football downfield in a direction 90 toward the end zone 32 (or in a direction 92 toward the end zone of the other playing field that is substantially identical to the playing field 26 on the traditional football field 25). The defensive squad 12 also forms a huddle and discusses its next attempt to slow the offensive squad 10. After the squads come out of their respective huddles, they line up opposite each other on the line of scrimmage 36, which initially coincides with the starting line of scrimmage 28a on the playing field 26. The rules regarding the minimum number of players from each squad that must be lined up on the line of scrimmage 36 before the play begins are substantially identical to those discussed above. Likewise, the rules regarding the maximum number of players from each squad permitted in the backfield before the play begins are substantially identical to those discussed above. Therefore, these rules will not be discussed in further detail.

The play begins when the center 38 crouches over the ball and snaps it to the quarterback 44, and the play ends when the football becomes dead. In some embodiments, when the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 26, it may optionally be played without the flags 80 and with a two-hand-touch model similar to some passing leagues—all other rules will still apply. The football is next spotted where it became dead, and this spot becomes the line of scrimmage 36 for the next play. The offensive squad 10 scores points by reaching the end zone 30. If, however, when the football is greater than the predetermined distance from the defensive squad 12's goal line 30, the offensive squad 10 fails to advance the football by at least the predetermined distance (e.g., 10 yards) within three downs, or, when the football is less than the predetermined distance from the defensive squad 12's goal line 30, the offensive squad 10 fails to advance the football into the end zone 32 within four downs, the defensive squad 12 gains control of the football (a turnover on downs). Alternatively, in other embodiments, the offensive squad 10 is permitted to go for it on fourth down when they are both inside and outside the red zone. Thus, the role of the defensive squad 12 is to prevent the offensive squad 10 from gaining yards and scoring.

If, however, the offensive squad 10 succeeds in advancing the football into the end zone 30, they score touchdown worth six points. More particularly, a touchdown is scored when the football is advance into, caught in, or recovered in the end zone 30. After scoring a touchdown, the offensive squad 10 is given a conversion attempt substantially identical to that discussed above. After the conversion attempt the scoring squad must give up possession of the football to the other squad. On the other hand, the defensive squad 12 may score a safety worth two points by downing the offensive squad 10's ball carrier behind the starting line of scrimmage 28a. The squad that conceded the safety must then give up possession of the football to the scoring squad. However, in some embodiments, at least when the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 26, there are no safeties, and downing the offensive squad 10's ball carrier behind the starting line of scrimmage 28a simply results in the football being spotted at the starting line of scrimmage 28a for the next play.

After a conversion attempt by the offensive squad 10, or after a safety by the defensive squad 12, the football is again placed on the starting line of scrimmage 28a and the squad that was on defense takes over possession of the football with the objective of advancing the football downfield in the direction 90 toward the end zone 30. Alternatively, in some embodiments, a turnover on downs will result in the offensive squad 10 of the team that was on defense taking over possession of the football at the starting line of scrimmage 28a (e.g., the 45 yard line) with the objective of advancing the football downfield in the direction 90 toward the end zone 30. This continues, back and forth, until the entire game has been played.

It is noted that, although described herein as being playable on the playing field 14, in some embodiments, the football game of the present disclosure is also playable on the traditional football field 25 in substantially the same manner as the manner in which it is played on the playing field 14, with some possible exceptions. Moreover, it is also noted that, although described herein as being playable on the playing field 26, in some embodiments, the football game of the present disclosure is also playable on the traditional football field 25 in substantially the same manner as the manner in which it is played on the playing field 26, with some possible exceptions. Finally, it is also noted that, although described herein as being playable on the playing field 14 or the playing field 26, in some embodiments, the football game of the present disclosure is also playable on the traditional football field 25 by combining various aspects of the manner in which it is played on the playing field 14 with various aspects of the manner in which it is played on the playing field 26, with some possible exceptions.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, the football game of the present disclosure is divided into two 20 minute halves, with a 5 minute halftime. The game clock will be stopped only for injuries (if the injured player remains on the field), timeouts, and the two-minute warning before the end of the game. The game officials will be the official timekeepers and scorekeepers, and their decisions are final. Each squad is entitled to one timeout per half. The two-minute warning before the end of the game will last for 30 seconds. A 30 second play clock will be enforced. Some dead balls will stop the clock after the two-minute warning, including incomplete passes, ball carrier steps out of bounds, scoring plays, change of possession, penalty (clock stops until ball is set), timeout, official time out, or a spiked ball after the offensive line is set. In some embodiments, the clock is also stopped for extra point tries. However, if a squad is losing by 13 or more points in the final 2 minutes, the clock will not stop.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, the free substitution of players shall be in effect at all times during the football game of the present disclosure. If the offensive squad 10 substitutes a player in, the defensive squad 12 shall also be given the chance to substitute a player in before the ball is snapped. If the game official stops play for an injured player or players to be checked or assisted, the injured player needs to leave the field for at least a single play. However, an injured player may return to play after a coach's timeout, whether or not a subsequent play has been run. If a player receives a minor or major head injury during practice, pre-game warmups, or a game, then the player is not allowed to return to play until cleared by a parent or guardian (or, in some embodiments, a physician). This parental notification process is important for concussion awareness. If a parent or legal guardian is not present to clear the player, then the player will not be allowed back in the practice/warmup/game.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, the defensive squad 12 is only permitted one blitzing play per series of downs in the football game of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, if a squad leads by more than 20 points, that squad's defensive players are no longer permitted to blitz. Bull rushing is not permitted, that is, rushing through the centerline of the blocker. Instead, the blitzer or rusher must use their hands and feet to defeat the block to either side of the blocker. Moreover, the blitzer or rusher cannot throw or purposefully push the block to the ground—this rule is subject to the judgment of the game official(s). The linebackers and other defensive backs on the defensive squad 12 are not permitted to blitz the A-gap from the line of scrimmage 36. However, the linebackers and other defensive backs are allowed to blitz the A-gap if they are lined up at least 3 yards behind the line of scrimmage 36. Moreover, the center 38 is banned from keeping the football to perform a “center 38 sneak”—any attempts at a center 38 sneak will be penalized as an A-gap violation (e.g., a 5 yards penalty). An A-gap violation will result in a 5 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and a replay of the previous down. In some embodiments, if a defensive squad 12 has more than 5 sacks per half, a sack mercy rule takes effect in which the defense cannot rush past the line of scrimmage 36 for the remainder of the half. Downing the quarterback 44 within the tackle box counts as a sack, but downing the quarterback 44 outside of the tackle box does not count as a sack. The game official(s) shall determine whether the quarterback 44 was downed within, or outside of, the tackle box. If the quarterback 44 breaks the tackle box on a roll out or scramble, even if the sack mercy rule is in effect, the defensive players are permitted to rush. In some embodiments, the sack mercy rule is recommended for at least 10U leagues (i.e., age 10 and under).

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure the squad not committing a penalty gets to choose between the ultimate result of the play or the enforcement of the penalty. If both squads commit a penalty on the same play, neither penalty is enforced and the down is replayed. Any penalty that results in a first down begins a new set of downs with a new line to gain. No penalty can move the ball more than half of the distance toward the penalized squad's goal line—specifically, when the penalty yardage is greater than half the distance to the goal line, the maximum penalty yardage that may be awarded is half the distance to the goal line. In some embodiments, when the football game of the present disclosure is played on the playing field 26, no penalty will be enforced beyond the starting line of scrimmage 28a. Accordingly, on an offensive play from the starting line of scrimmage 28a that results in an offensive penalty, the ball will be returned to the 45-yard-line and the line to gain a first down will be extended by the penalty yardage (e.g., 5 yards). The first or second half cannot end on an accepted defensive penalty—if the penalty is accepted, it is marked off and a single un-timed down is played. But if the penalty is declined, the half is over. The attainment of a first down will be determined after the ball is spotted at the end of a play and any applicable penalty yardage is assessed—net yardage (forward progress +/− penalty yardage) must be sufficient to award a first down. Flagrant fouls will result in a 1 strike warning before the offending player is ejected from the game—accordingly, 2 flagrant fouls committed by the same player in a game will result in an automatic ejection of the player from the game. Examples of flagrant fouls include intentional tackling and unnecessary roughness. Any player that strikes another player or becomes involved in a fight will be ejected from the game and suspended from further play indefinitely.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, player safety is of primary concern in the football game of the present disclosure, and the game officials should call an unnecessary roughness penalty any time a player uses excessive force or violence during a play, even if the player's actions do not technically violate the rules. If unnecessary roughness is called on an offensive player, the ball is placed 10 yards from the line of scrimmage 36 and the offensive squad 10 receives a loss of down. If unnecessary roughness is called on a defensive player, the ball is placed 10 yards from the line of scrimmage 36 or the point where the ball becomes dead (whichever is more beneficial to the offense), and the offensive squad 10 is awarded a first down. All players are expected to play under control at all times—any player that risks injury to himself or another player due to unsafe or out of control conduct on the field will be subject to an unnecessary roughness penalty. Examples of unnecessary roughness include, but are not limited to: head butting, throwing elbows or forearms, or intentionally hitting, kicking, or tripping other players. No player is permitted to lead with his head to initiate contact (i.e., no spearing). Other examples include overly violent contact such as charging, bull rushing, and purposefully shoving a player to the ground.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure intentional tackling will be called if a player wraps up the ball carrier to stop forward progress while taking the ball carrier to the ground, or shoulder checks/hits the ball carrier with the intention of knocking the ball carrier to the ground. The game official(s) have full discretion to include as intentional tackling any other attempts to use excessive force to initiate a tackle. However, intentional tackling should not be called when a defensive player inadvertently grabs the ball carrier's clothing from behind in an attempt to pull a flag, or as a result of unintentional contact that causes a player to fall to the ground. If intentional tackling is called on a player, the ball is placed in the red zone at the five-yard-line. An intentional tackling infraction may be called when there is no attempt by the opposing player to pull the ball carrier flag. An automatic touchdown will be awarded to a squad if one of its players is intentionally tackled (with no attempt to pull a flag) while running for a breakaway touchdown. A less severe penalty (e.g., 10 yards) should be enforced if an opposing player unintentionally impedes the ball carrier by grabbing a part of the ball carrier's body or clothing while attempting to pull a flag.

In those embodiments in which the football game of the present disclosure is played with the flags 80, the ball carrier may not guard his flags or jump to avoid a flag from being pulled by a defensive player. The ball carrier may not dive for the end zone or in an attempt to gain additional yardage. The ball carrier may not attempt short yardage or “over the pile” jumps. A diving penalty will be called on the offense if an offensive player dives forward in an attempt to gain yardage, including diving into the end zone or for a first down, and will result in a 5 yard penalty from the end of the play and a loss of down. An intended receiver is, however, permitted to dive in an attempt to catch a pass. Moreover, players are permitted to dive in an attempt to pull the ball carrier's flag. Players are also permitted to jump or hurdle other players that have fallen in their path. The quarterback 44 is allowed to jump when passing the ball. Any player who jumps illegally and lands on another player will be penalized for unnecessary roughness. The ball carrier may spin, as long as he remains on the ground. A flag guarding penalty will be called when the ball carrier: physically prevents a defensive player from reaching the ball carrier's flags (e.g., covering flags, knocking/slapping defensive players hands away, etc.), holds his belt or flags, wears any article of clothing (e.g., jersey, towel, etc.) in a manner that obstructs his flags, or jumps for any reason other than avoiding a player lying on the ground or throwing a pass. Flag guarding will result in a 5 yard penalty from the point of infraction and a loss of down. If the ball carrier wears illegal flags (e.g., wrapped flags, improper flags, partial flags, etc.), the ball will be dead at the point where the ball carrier takes possession of the ball.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure pass interference includes any non-contact interference such as face-guarding as well as any physical contact (whether intentional or unintentional) that interferes with a receiver's or a defensive player's legitimate right to catch the ball before the ball arrives and while it is in the air. Offensive pass interference will result in a 10 yard penalty assessed at the end of the play and the offensive squad 10 receives a loss of down. Defensive pass interference will result in the football being placed 10 yards from the line of scrimmage 36 and an automatic first down. Examples of pass interference include, but are not limited to, the receiver or the defensive player pushing off while the ball is in the air, any other contact between the receiver and the defensive player more than 5 yards past the line of scrimmage 36, or intentionally running into the defensive player without the ball on a passing play. Any defensive pass interference occurring in the end zone will result in a first and goal from the 1-yard-line. Intentional pulling of the receiver's flag before a reception is also considered pass interference. Any significant physical contact after the ball arrives shall be considered a personal foul.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure illegal blocking by any player on the offensive squad 10 will result in a 10 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36. Illegal blocking includes, but is not limited to, intentional “pancaking” of a defensive player with which the offensive player is engaged (severity may result in unnecessary roughness penalty), landing or piling on a defensive player on the ground, chip blocking, knee blocking, elbowing, initiating a block with elbows, forearms or shoulders (severity may result in charging penalty), crack back or opposite direction blocking, intentionally driving a defensive player to the ground, and initiating blocking with shoulders either at the line of scrimmage 36 or downfield. Block below the waist, cut blocks, or crack back blocks will result in an automatic ejection of the offending player. A holding penalty will be called on the offense if an offensive player impedes a defensive player's progress by holding their body and/or clothing, and will result in a 5 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure an illegal procedure penalty will be called on the offensive squad 10 if an offensive player moves before the snap, and will result in a five yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and a replay of the previous down. An illegal motion penalty will be called on the offensive squad 10 if more than one offensive player is in motion when the ball is snapped, and will result in a five yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and a replay of the previous down. Motion by a player prior to the snap can be made by any of the players. All players in motion must come to a complete stop prior to the ball being snapped. Once set, no more than one player can be in motion at the snap of the ball, but no forward motion is allowed while the ball is being snapped. A illegal formation penalty will be called if any offensive player is lined up in the neutral zone at the moment the ball is snapped, or if there are fewer than 5 offensive players lined up on the line of scrimmage 36, and will result in a five yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and a replay of the previous down. The 5 players on the line of scrimmage 36 must include the center 38, the guards, and 2 eligible receivers (e.g., one on either side of the offensive line). A false start penalty will be called on the offensive squad 10 if an offensive player in a set position makes a sudden movement in a way that simulates the start of the play, and will result in a five yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and a replay of the previous down. An off-sides penalty will be called if any defensive player is in the neutral zone or makes contact with an offensive player as the ball is snapped, and will result in a five yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and a replay of the previous down. If a defensive player crosses the neutral zone causing an offensive player to false start, encroachment will be called on the defense.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure charging by an offensive player will result in a 10 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36. An offensive player is guilty of charging when he intentional runs through or over a defensive player with a running start. The ball carrier should be called for charging if he intentionally runs into a defensive player, lowers his shoulder or otherwise makes unnecessary contact with a defensive player in an attempt to cause bodily harm. An offensive blocker should be called for charging if he intentionally engages a block with his shoulder and makes not attempts to break down and initiate the block with his hands first. Bull rushing by a defensive player will result is a 10 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and an automatic first down for the offensive squad 10. A defensive player is guilty of bull rushing when he intentionally uses him momentum or excessive force to rush through the centerline of an offensive player. In order to avoid a bull rushing penalty, the defensive player must make appropriate effort to go around or to a leveraged side of the blocker.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure roughing the passer by a defensive player will result in a 10 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and an automatic first down for the offensive squad 10 (or the penalty can be declined if the result of the play has a greater advantage). A defensive player is guilty of roughing the passer if he makes excess contact with the passer before, during, or after throwing the ball. Examples of roughing the passer include, but are not limited to, rushing the passer and running into the passer while going for his flags, and contacting the passer's head, shoulders, or throwing arm. However, defensive players are permitted to raise their arms while rushing the passer, so long as no contact is made with the passer.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure an illegal forward pass penalty will be called if the ball carrier throws the ball forward after passing beyond the line of scrimmage 36, or if the ball is thrown forward more than once during a play, and will result in a 5 yard penalty from the point of infraction and a loss of down. An ineligible receiver downfield penalty will be called if one of the offensive linemen goes beyond the line of scrimmage 36 on a downfield pass before the ball is caught, and will result in a 5 yard penalty from the point of infraction and a replay of the previous down. An intentional grounding penalty will be called if, within the tackle box, the passer throws the ball intentionally away from eligible receivers to avoid being downed for a loss. Outside of the tackle box, any pass beyond the line of scrimmage 36 is not considered intentional grounding. Moreover, the football can be thrown out of bounds at any time if the passer is not avoiding being downed. Intentional grounding will result in a 5 yard penalty from the point of infraction and a loss of down. However, the quarterback 44 (or another player that receives the ball from the center 38) can legally spike the ball to stop the clock after the two-minute warning.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure a delay of game penalty will result in a 5 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36 and a replay of the previous down. Delay of game will be called in the following situations: the offense does not snap the ball within 30 seconds of the ball being set at the line of scrimmage 36, either squad has too many players on the field, a player is not wearing required equipment, a player is wearing banned equipment, or the defensive squad 12 delays or hinders the offensive squad 10 from making the snap.

In some embodiments, whether played on the playing field 14, the playing field 26, or the traditional football field 25, in the football game of the present disclosure unsportsmanlike conduct by an offensive player will result in a 10 yard penalty assessed at the end of the play and the offensive squad 10 receives a loss of down. On the other hand, unsportsmanlike conduct by a defensive player will result in a 10 yard penalty assessed at the line of scrimmage 36 or the end of the play (whichever is more beneficial to the offense), and an automatic first down. Unsportsmanlike conduct includes, but is not limited to, verbal abuse, profanity, taunting, or constant/repeated audible criticism of the game officials. Similarly, taunting includes any flagrant acts or remarks that deride, mock, or bait an opponent. Individual or communal celebration is allowed as long as it does not fall under this definition of taunting. Taunting by an offensive player will result in a 10 yard penalty from the line of scrimmage 36—if the penalty is called on a scoring play, the penalty yardage will be assessed to the extra point conversion attempt. On the other hand, taunting by a defensive player will result in a 10 yard penalty from the end of the play.

In some embodiments, the football game system 8 and the method of playing a football game using the football game system 8 reduce head trauma and therefore decreases the occurrence of CTE among players. In some embodiments, the football game system 8 and the method of playing a football game using the football game system 8 provide a safer form of football other than those currently available that parents can be more comfortable signing their children up for. In some embodiments, the football game system 8 and the method of playing a football game using the football game system 8 ease the transition from flag football to full-contact tackle football by providing a safe alternative for players to build the skills and fundamentals needed to play the game safely and successfully. In some embodiments, the football game system 8 and the method of playing a football game using the football game system 8 reduce injuries to still-developing bodies caused by the premature transition from flag football to full-contact tackle football.

The present disclosure introduces a method of playing a football game, the method including providing a rectangular playing field having opposing sidelines, a first end line, and a first goal line, the opposing sidelines extending a length of the playing field and being spaced apart in a parallel relation by a width of the playing field, the first end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, and the first goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the first end line; providing an oblong ball; providing a first squad of nine players each wearing a soft-shell helmet and soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to move the oblong ball across the first goal line, wherein the first squad is given a predetermined number of successive plays in which to move the oblong ball a predetermined distance towards the first goal line, and wherein each successive play begins when the oblong ball is snapped by a first player on the first squad to a second player on the first squad, and ends when the oblong ball becomes dead; and providing a second squad of nine players each wearing a soft-shell helmet and soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to defend the first goal line by stopping the movement of the oblong ball by the first squad towards the first goal line. In some embodiments, the playing field also has a second end line and a second goal line, the second end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, opposite the first end line, and the second goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the second end line. In some embodiments, a failure by the first squad to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line within the predetermined number of successive plays results in possession of the oblong ball being turned over to the second squad; and, after possession of the oblong ball is turned over to the second squad, the second squad has as an objective to move the oblong ball across the second goal line. In some embodiments, either: at least each player on the first squad is required to wear flags around their waistline and the oblong football becomes dead during a play when at least one of the flags worn around the waistline of a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball becomes detached; or the oblong football becomes dead during a play when a player from second squad tags or touches a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball below the shoulders. In some embodiments, the method further includes spotting the oblong ball on the playing field prior to the beginning of each successive play to track the first squad's movement of the oblong ball towards, or away from, the first goal line on the previous play; wherein a line of scrimmage extends the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and through the oblong ball spotted on the playing field; and wherein the line of scrimmage separates the players of the respective first and second squads prior to the beginning of each successive play. In some embodiments, the method further includes lining up at least five players from the first squad on the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; lining up no more than four player from the first squad off of the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; lining up at least two players from the second squad on the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; lining up no more than seven players from the second squad off of the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field greater than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line is three plays; and, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field less than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball over the first goal line is four plays.

The present disclosure also introduces a football game system, including an oblong ball; a plurality of soft-shell helmets; a plurality of soft-shell shoulder pads; a rectangular playing field having opposing sidelines, a first end line, and a first goal line, the opposing sidelines extending a length of the playing field and being spaced apart in a parallel relation by a width of the playing field, the first end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, and the first goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the first end line; a first squad of nine players each wearing one of the soft-shell helmets and one of the soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to move the oblong ball across the first goal line; and a second squad of nine players each wearing one of the soft-shell helmets and one of the soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to defend the first goal line by stopping the movement of the oblong ball by the first squad towards the first goal line; wherein the first squad is given a predetermined number of successive plays in which to move the oblong ball a predetermined distance towards the first goal line; and wherein each successive play begins when the oblong ball is snapped by a first player on the first squad to a second player on the first squad, and ends when the oblong ball becomes dead. In some embodiments, the playing field also has a second end line and a second goal line, the second end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, opposite the first end line, and the second goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the second end line. In some embodiments, a failure by the first squad to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line within the predetermined number of successive plays results in possession of the oblong ball being turned over to the second squad; and, after possession of the oblong ball is turned over to the second squad, the second squad has as an objective to move the oblong ball across the second goal line. In some embodiments, either: at least each player on the first squad is required to wear flags around their waistline and the oblong football becomes dead during a play when at least one of the flags worn around the waistline of a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball becomes detached; or the oblong football becomes dead during a play when a player from second squad tags or touches a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball below the shoulders. In some embodiments, the oblong ball is spotted on the playing field prior to the beginning of each successive play to track the first squad's movement of the oblong ball towards, or away from, the first goal line on the previous play; a line of scrimmage extends the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and through the oblong ball spotted on the playing field; and the line of scrimmage separates the players of the respective first and second squads prior to the beginning of each successive play. In some embodiments, at least five players from the first squad must line up on the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; no more than four player from the first squad must line up off of the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; at least two players from the second squad must line up on the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; no more than seven players from the second squad must line up off of the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field greater than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line is three plays; and, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field less than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball over the first goal line is four plays.

The present disclosure also introduces a method of playing a football game, the method including providing an oblong ball; providing a plurality of soft-shell helmets; providing a plurality of soft-shell shoulder pads; and providing a rectangular playing field having opposing sidelines, a first end line, and a first goal line, the opposing sidelines extending a length of the playing field and being spaced apart in a parallel relation by a width of the playing field, the first end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, and the first goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the first end line, wherein either: the length of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 63⅓ yards (190 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 20 yards (60 feet) and about 35 yards (105 feet); or the length of the playing field is between about 45 yards (135 feet) and about 55 yards (165 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 53⅓ yards (160 feet). In some embodiments, the method further includes providing a single traditional football field having a length of 120 yards (360 feet) and a width of 53⅓ yards (160 feet); wherein, if the length of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 63⅓ yards (190 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 20 yards (60 feet) and about 35 yards (105 feet), then the playing field and up to three other playing fields substantially identical to the playing field can be set up at the same time on the single traditional football field; and wherein, if the length of the playing field is between about 45 yards (135 feet) and about 55 yards (165 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 53⅓ yards (160 feet), then the playing field and one other playing field substantially identical to the playing field can be set up at the same time on the single traditional football field. In some embodiments, the method further includes providing a first squad of nine players each wearing one of the soft-shell helmets and one of the soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to move the oblong ball across the first goal line; and providing a second squad of nine players each wearing one of the soft-shell helmets and one of the soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to defend the first goal line by stopping the movement of the oblong ball by the first squad towards the first goal line; wherein the first squad is given a predetermined number of successive plays in which to move the oblong ball a predetermined distance towards the first goal line; and wherein each successive play begins when the oblong ball is snapped by a first player on the first squad to a second player on the first squad, and ends when the oblong ball becomes dead. In some embodiments, the playing field also has a second end line and a second goal line, the second end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, opposite the first end line, and the second goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the second end line; a failure by the first squad to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line within the predetermined number of successive plays results in possession of the oblong ball being turned over to the second squad; and, after possession of the oblong ball is turned over to the second squad, the second squad has as an objective to move the oblong ball across the second goal line. In some embodiments, either: at least each player on the first squad is required to wear flags around their waistline and the oblong football becomes dead during a play when at least one of the flags worn around the waistline of a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball becomes detached; or the oblong football becomes dead during a play when a player from second squad tags or touches a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball below the shoulders. In some embodiments, the method further includes spotting the oblong ball on the playing field prior to the beginning of each successive play to track the first squad's movement of the oblong ball towards, or away from, the first goal line on the previous play; wherein a line of scrimmage extends the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and through the oblong ball spotted on the playing field; and wherein the line of scrimmage separates the players of the respective first and second squads prior to the beginning of each successive play. In some embodiments, at least five players from the first squad must line up on the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; no more than four player from the first squad must line up off of the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; at least two players from the second squad must line up on the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; no more than seven players from the second squad must line up off of the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; or any combination thereof In some embodiments, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field greater than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line is three plays; and, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field less than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball over the first goal line is four plays.

The present disclosure also introduces a football game system, including an oblong ball; a plurality of soft-shell helmets; a plurality of soft-shell shoulder pads; and a rectangular playing field having opposing sidelines, a first end line, and a first goal line, the opposing sidelines extending a length of the playing field and being spaced apart in a parallel relation by a width of the playing field, the first end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, and the first goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the first end line, wherein either: the length of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 63⅓ yards (190 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 20 yards (60 feet) and about 35 yards (105 feet); or the length of the playing field is between about 45 yards (135 feet) and about 55 yards (165 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 53⅓ yards (160 feet). In some embodiments, the football game system further includes a single traditional football field having a length of 120 yards (360 feet) and a width of 53⅓ yards (160 feet); wherein, if the length of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 63⅓ yards (190 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 20 yards (60 feet) and about 35 yards (105 feet), then the playing field and up to three other playing fields substantially identical to the playing field can be set up at the same time on the single traditional football field; and wherein, if the length of the playing field is between about 45 yards (135 feet) and about 55 yards (165 feet), and the width of the playing field is between about 40 yards (120 feet) and about 53⅓ yards (160 feet), then the playing field and one other playing field substantially identical to the playing field can be set up at the same time on the single traditional football field. In some embodiments, the football game system further includes a first squad of nine players each wearing one of the soft-shell helmets and one of the soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to move the oblong ball across the first goal line; and a second squad of nine players each wearing one of the soft-shell helmets and one of the soft-shell shoulder pads, and having as an objective to defend the first goal line by stopping the movement of the oblong ball by the first squad towards the first goal line; wherein the first squad is given a predetermined number of successive plays in which to move the oblong ball a predetermined distance towards the first goal line; and wherein each successive play begins when the oblong ball is snapped by a first player on the first squad to a second player on the first squad, and ends when the oblong ball becomes dead. In some embodiments, the playing field also has a second end line and a second goal line, the second end line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines, opposite the first end line, and the second goal line extending the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and being positioned inwardly from, and spaced in a parallel relation with, the second end line; a failure by the first squad to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line within the predetermined number of successive plays results in possession of the oblong ball being turned over to the second squad; and, after possession of the oblong ball is turned over to the second squad, the second squad has as an objective to move the oblong ball across the second goal line. In some embodiments, either: at least each player on the first squad is required to wear flags around their waistline and the oblong football becomes dead during a play when at least one of the flags worn around the waistline of a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball becomes detached; or the oblong football becomes dead during a play when a player from second squad tags or touches a player from the first squad in possession of the oblong ball below the shoulders. In some embodiments, the oblong ball is spotted on the playing field prior to the beginning of each successive play to track the first squad's movement of the oblong ball towards, or away from, the first goal line on the previous play; a line of scrimmage extends the width of the playing field between the opposing sidelines and through the oblong ball spotted on the playing field; and the line of scrimmage separates the players of the respective first and second squads prior to the beginning of each successive play. In some embodiments, at least five players from the first squad must line up on the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; no more than four player from the first squad must line up off of the line of scrimmage prior to the beginning of each successive play; at least two players from the second squad must line up on the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; no more than seven players from the second squad must line up off of the line of scrimmage, opposite the players of the first squad, prior to the beginning of each successive play; or any combination thereof In some embodiments, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field greater than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball the predetermined distance towards the first goal line is three plays; and, when the oblong ball is spotted on the field less than the predetermined distance from the first goal line, the predetermined number of successive plays given to the first squad in which to move the oblong ball over the first goal line is four plays.

It is understood that variations may be made in the foregoing without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, the elements and teachings of the various embodiments may be combined in whole or in part in some or all of the embodiments. In addition, one or more of the elements and teachings of the various embodiments may be omitted, at least in part, and/or combined, at least in part, with one or more of the other elements and teachings of the various embodiments.

Any spatial references, such as, for example, “upper,” “lower,” “above,” “below,” “between,” “bottom,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “angular,” “upwards,” “downwards,” “side-to-side,” “left-to-right,” “right-to-left,” “top-to-bottom,” “bottom-to-top,” “top,” “bottom,” “bottom-up,” “top-down,” etc., are for the purpose of illustration only and do not limit the specific orientation or location of the structure described above.

In some embodiments, while different steps, processes, and procedures are described as appearing as distinct acts, one or more of the steps, one or more of the processes, and/or one or more of the procedures may also be performed in different orders, simultaneously and/or sequentially. In some embodiments, the steps, processes, and/or procedures may be merged into one or more steps, processes and/or procedures.

In some embodiments, one or more of the operational steps in each embodiment may be omitted. Moreover, in some instances, some features of the present disclosure may be employed without a corresponding use of the other features. Moreover, one or more of the above-described embodiments and/or variations may be combined in whole or in part with any one or more of the other above-described embodiments and/or variations.

Although some embodiments have been described in detail above, the embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many other modifications, changes and/or substitutions are possible in the embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all such modifications, changes, and/or substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure as defined in the following claims. In the claims, any means-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents, but also equivalent structures. Moreover, it is the express intention of the applicant not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112, paragraph 6 for any limitations of any of the claims herein, except for those in which the claim expressly uses the word “means” together with an associated function.

FOOTBALL GAME SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PLAY

Information

Publication Number

Date Filed

Date Published

Inventors

Original Assignees

CPC

International Classifications

Abstract

Description

Claims