Patent Grant
9988813
The invention relates to formwork building construction assistance elements using formwork plates. One particularly advantageous application is the field of production of any type of construction elements, for a building, such as walls, floors, arches and ceilings, wherein at least one self-standing absorptive form is used.
Several types of formwork plates exist for producing a formwork which will be filled with a filling material so as to be solidified and form a framing for a construction element of a variable shape.
The document FR-A-913 772 describes a formwork used both for immobilizing a fluid filling material used for building a construction element and a decorative element thereon. The formwork described in this document is made from parts each comprising a panel and a girt made integral together, with the girt extending perpendicularly to the panel.
The formwork consists of several parts, at least two of which are positioned head-to-foot while defining a parallelepiped internal space intended to receive a filling material. The limits of the internal space are obtained on each one of the opposite sides of the assembly formed by the two parts by a girt and on each one of the other sides by a panel. The panel is intended to form the visible part of a wall whereas the girt is embedded in a filling material. In the case of a succession of assemblies consisting of two parts, as mentioned above, the girts of two successive assemblies each have a hole, so that the filling material can flow from one two-part assembly to the following assembly, in order to fill all the successive internal spaces of the assemblies.
Such formwork has many drawbacks. First, it cannot be enlarged laterally, unless series of successive assemblies are positioned laterally against one another. Besides, making the formwork plates integral is not easy, since this can be provided by adding one element between the girts of two successive plates, with such element being a “C” for instance. Eventually, the integral piece always has significant dimensions because of the girt which is perpendicular to the panel.
The aim of the present invention consists, on the one hand, in designing a formwork plate having minimum dimensions while being easily adapted to other plates, so as to simply and efficiently obtain a formwork made of several plates, and, on the other hand, to ensure, in the thus formed formwork, a correct holding of the plates which it is made of, prior to the complete introduction of a filling material inside the formwork.
For this purpose, the invention relates to a formwork plate comprising a flat, preferably rectangular central body. The central body is extended on a first side by a first series of flat tabs and on a second opposite side by a second series of flat tabs, with the flat tabs extending in the plane of the body while leaving a spacing between the flat tabs of the same series, with the plate further having first and second sets of angled tabs, with at least some, and preferably each angled tab(s) of the first set extending into the spacing between two flat tabs of the first series, and at least some, and preferably each angled tab(s) of the second set extending into the spacing between two flat tabs of the second series, with the tabs of the first and second sets being angled while extending away from the flat central body each having an angled portion and a flat distal end portion extending parallel to the flat tabs.
Thanks to its flat rectangular body, such a substantially flat formwork plate has reduced overall dimensions. This enables an easier stacking of the formwork plates, specifically on a pallet, prior to the use thereof, with the angled tabs being oriented upwards.
Besides, the fixing of a plate with another plate in the extension thereof already exists in the plate as flat tabs and the spacing between these, which simplifies the fixing of such plates.
This is made possible by a different distribution of the series of flat tabs on two sides of the plates, with such series being complementary, with the tabs of a first series of tabs on one side of a first plate which can be inserted between the tabs of a second series of tabs of a second plate positioned as an extension of the first plate.
The distal end portion of each angled tab, which is flat, is intended to rest on the opposite plate body, and at least partly contributes to the provisional stability of the plates relative to each other, with the plates thus forming a formwork.
Eventually, the angled tabs will make it possible to define a volume between two plates opposite the angled tabs of the opposed plates, a volume which forms the volume of the formwork and is at least partially intended to contain some material, called the filling material. The at least partial introduction of some material into at least a part of the volume will make it possible to stiffen the assembly by fixing the angled tabs in the material and by preventing any undesirable motion of such angled tabs, which results in a self-stabilized formwork.
According to another object of the invention, a formwork is provided which comprises at least four of such formwork plates, characterized in that it comprises:
In addition to the above mentioned advantages as regards the formwork plate and which are also valid for the formwork, the formwork according to the invention provides for a division of the internal volume of the formwork into several zones.
This makes it possible, for four plates grouped two by two, to fill only one first zone with a material, so as to obtain an at least preliminary holding of the thus mounted formwork, but which advantageously remains final, with such first zone being defined by the cooperation of sets of angled tabs of the first and second plates facing each other.
The quantity of material to be poured into the first zone for first and second plates, i.e. at least four plates with at least two plates made integral together and opposite two other plates, also made integral together is thus reduced relative to what should be poured into the whole volume between the first and second plates. The association of angled tabs as provided for in the present invention makes it possible to obtain at least a substantially closed first zone in a direction perpendicular to the first and second plates for the filling with the material, which thus entails insignificant loss of material in the remaining part of the volume.
According to another object of the invention, a construction assembly is provided for, of the type comprising at least either a wall, or a floor, or an arch, or a ceiling, or at least two of these elements, characterized in that it comprises at least one such formwork, with a first one of said at least three zones being filled with a hardenable material, of the concrete, cement, clay, or binder types.
The first filled zone is advantageously a reduced zone, which corresponds, for instance, to a zone defined by the angled tabs of the first, second, third and fourth formwork plates. Such filling gives the formwork stability during mounting and operation. The material is hardenable or in a closed bag and advantageously quick setting, so that it can solidify the formwork as quickly as possible. Then the other zones of the formwork can also be filled with a material which may be similar to or different from the material of the first zone.
Within the scope of the invention, a method is provided for manufacturing such a construction assembly, characterized by the following steps:
The aims, objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood upon reading the detailed description of one embodiment thereof which is illustrated in the appended drawings, wherein:
The drawings are given for example only and are not restrictive as regards the invention. They are principle schematic views intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention and are not necessarily to scale of the practical applications. More particularly, the dimensions of the various parts are not representative of reality.
Prior to making a detailed review of the various embodiments of the invention, optional characteristics will be mentioned hereunder, which may be used either in association or alternately:
When referring to all the figures and more particularly to
The formwork plate 10 comprises a rectangular flat central body 6, two opposite sides of which each carry two types of tabs, i.e. flat tabs 1, 3 and angled tabs 4, 7.
The central body 6 is extended, on a first side, by a first series of flat tabs 1 and, on a second opposite side, by a second series of flat tabs 3. The flat tabs 1, 3 extend in the plane of the body 6 while leaving some spacing between the flat tabs 1, 3 in the same series. The flat tabs 1, 3 advantageously have a rectangular shape, with a length perpendicular to the opposite sides which carry these, respectively.
The formwork plate 10 further has a first and a second sets of angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7. Each angled tab 4, 7 of the first set extends into the spacing between two flat tabs 1 of the first series, each angled tab 2, 7 of the second set extends into the spacing between two flat tabs 3 of the second series. The angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the first and second sets are angled away from the flat central body 6 and comprise each an angled portion 2, 4, and a flat distal end portion 7 which extends parallel to the flat tabs 1, 3.
Advantageously, prior to the angled portion 2, 4 of each angled tab 4, 7; 2, 7, each angled tab 4, 7; 2, 7 can be connected to the body 6 through a connecting portion 8 clearly seen in
As more particularly shown in
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sides of the central body 6 which carry no tab 1, 4, 7; 3, 2, 7 each carry a pin 5. As will be explained in greater details hereunder, such pin 5 is used for holding the formwork plate 10 relative to a plate positioned laterally relative to the plate 10. Side plate means any plate adjacent to another plate, on one side thereof which comprises no flat tab 1, 3.
In a construction assembly, a side plate may be above the plate adjacent thereto, in the same vertical plane as the adjacent plane, such as is the case, for instance, for a wall, or in a slightly angled plane relative to vertical, as is the case, for instance, for an arch, or in the same horizontal plane as the adjacent plane, as is the case, for instance, for a plane ceiling or a floor. This can be seen in
In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first series of flat tabs 1 on the first side is shifted relative to the second series of flat tabs 3 on the second side, so that each flat tab 1 of the first series is aligned with a spacing between two flat tabs 3 of the second series, and vice versa.
The result is that a series of two series of flat tabs 1, 3, in
As more specifically shown in
The number of flat tabs 1, 3 of the first and second series of flat tabs can thus be three and four respectively, whereas the number of angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the first and second sets of angled tabs may be four and three respectively. This is not restrictive and the number of flat or angled tabs may be any other number, but the arrangement thereof, with some spacing between the flat tabs 1, 3 enabling the insertion of one angled tab 4, 7; 2, 7 into such spacing is still valid, as well as the shift between the two series of flat tabs 1, 3.
Similarly, the width of the flat tabs 1, 3 in the same series among the first and second series is constant for all the tabs in the series and the width of the spacing between the flat tabs 1, 3 in one series among the first and second series is equivalent to the width of the flat tabs 1, 3 of the other series.
Advantageously, the formwork plate 10 may be made of wood or based on aggregate particles. Such plate 10 may advantageously be molded in any moldable material. The formwork plate 10 can thus be reproduced in large series using a molding process.
As shown in
The pins 5 may laterally protrude from the formwork plate 10 by 0.07 m, while having a width of 0.20, i.e. half the width of the body 6 of the plate 10.
The distal end portion 7 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 may be square-shaped with 0.15 m sides. The connecting portion 8 may extend 0.10 m away from the body 6 and parallel to the length of the flat tabs 1, 3, while being 0.15 m wide. As specifically shown in
The thickness between one and two centimeter(s) and the light weight of the formwork plate 10 make it possible to stack a large number of these on a pallet, as shown in
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the latter relates to a formwork, specifically illustrated in
Such formwork 11 comprises at least four formwork plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c similar to the formwork plate disclosed above. Said at least four formwork plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c are preferably identical when these are not formwork end plates 11.
Such formwork 11 comprises at least two first formwork plates 10, 10a, which are so joined that their bodies 6 are positioned in the same first plane and at least two second formwork plates 10b, 10c which are so joined that their bodies 6 are positioned in the same second plane while being parallel to the first plane.
Said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c formwork plates are positioned at a distance from each other and back to back, i.e. with their angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 facing one another so as to at least partially define a volume 9 inserted between the first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates.
Such volume 9 is defined by the height of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c and thus extends between the first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c formwork plates. The spacing thereof between the first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c formwork plates may be 0.13 m, which corresponds to that of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 protruding from a formwork plate 10, 10a, 10b, 10c.
The angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c formwork plates are so designed as to cooperate in order to form, in said volume 9, at least three zones A, B the periphery of which is at least partially defined by the angled tabs 4, 7.
The flat distal end portions 7 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first formwork plates 10, 10a may be supported by said at least two second 10b, 10c plates, and vice versa.
Said at least three zones may comprise a so-called first zone A which is totally defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 along the dimension of the formwork 11 which is perpendicular to the length of the angled tabs 1, 3. Such first zone A will be described in greater details hereunder since it plays an important part in the stability during the production of the formwork 11.
As shown in
For this purpose, and as mentioned above, each formwork plate 10, 10a to 10g in this
In
This remains applicable for side plates 10f or 10g positioned laterally relative to the side plates 10d or 10e, which are positioned laterally relative to two second plates 10b, 10c, and so on. This is of course true for said at least two first plates 10, 10a although not shown in
In
Referring to all the figures, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the flat tabs 1, 3 of one 10 of said two first plates 10, 10a, are inserted into the spacing between the flat tabs 1, 3 of the other one 10a of said two first plates 10, 10a, and vice versa. Similarly, the flat tabs 1, 3 of one 10b of said two second plates 10b, 10c are inserted into the spacing between the flat tabs 1, 3 of the other one 10c of said two second plates 10b, 10c, and vice versa.
This is made possible because such flat tabs 1, 3 are shifted on each one of the two sides of a formwork plate 10 and because of the same width of the flat tabs 1, 3 and of the spacing thereof between each one of the flat tabs 1, 3 in the same series.
Referring to all the figures and specifically to
On the other side, the first zone A is defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10a of said at least two first plates 10, 10a which are inserted between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10c of said at least two second plates 10b, 10c. The first zone A is positioned at the junction, in the extension of said at least two first plates 10, 10a and second plates 10b, 10c respectively.
In this embodiment, the associated angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the two first and second plates 10, 10b; 10a, 10c are in an X shape, by closing each side of the first zone A. The first zone A is thus partitioned in a direction transversal to the plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c perpendicular to the respective extensions of the first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates.
As can be seen specifically in
Assembling several plates 10, 10a 10b, 10c thus makes it possible to obtain a self-stabilized absorptive formwork 11 which can be used for building walls, arches or other construction assemblies.
Referring to all figures and specifically to
In the same line, and without any restriction, the floor may be 4 m long, the walls 13 may be 2.03 m high and the ceiling may be 3.42 m high and be raised relative to the walls 13 by the arch elements 15.
Referring to all figures, a first zone A may be provided for each formwork 11 comprising two first 10, 10a, and two second 10b, 10c formwork plates. Since a formwork 11 may comprise more than two first and second plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, as many first zones A as there are groups of two first and two second plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c may advantageously be provided.
The first zone(s) A and the other zones B of a formwork 11 may be sequentially filled, with the first zone A first, so as to stiffen the formwork, and then, if required, the remaining other zones B. The material of the first zone(s) A may be hardenable, advantageously quick-setting, so that the formwork 11 can solidify as quickly as possible.
Filling one or first zones A with, for instance, concrete, cement, compressed clay soil or any other advantageously hardenable material prevents the formwork plates 10, 10a to 10d from moving away from one another.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the formwork 11 may be gone through by attachment means like screws, with such attachment means, not shown in the figures, being fixed in the selective material after filling said at least three zones A, B. All attachments use screws and are oriented inwards relative to the formwork 11, and the screws are over five centimeters long. This is specifically but not only true for the first zone(s) A.
When the first zone(s) A are hard, the zones B may be filled using all kinds of materials like concrete, soil or straw. They also may not be filled when the construction element concerned needs no reinforced stability.
As shown in
Referring to all figures, according to a last aspect of the present invention, the latter relates to a method for manufacturing a construction assembly 12 to 15 with a step of connecting at least two 10, 10a plates positioned in the extension of each other by inserting flat tabs 1, 3 of one into the spacing between the flat tabs 3, 1 of the other one so as to obtain at least two first 10, 10a plates.
Simultaneously, a step of connecting two plates positioned in the extension of each other by inserting flat tabs 1, 3 of one into the spacing between the flat tabs 3, 1 of the other one is also executed, so as to obtain at least two second plates 10b, 10c.
The following steps of the method relate to the positioning of said at least two first 10, 10a and two second 10b, 10c plates with the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 thereof facing one another, then the inserting of angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a plates between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two second 10b, 10c plates, until the flat distal end portions 7 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a plates are supported by said at least two second 10b, 10c plates and vice versa. Advantageously flat distal ends 7 of the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 are supported by the opposite plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c.
The angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates then at least partially define at least three zones A, B in the volume 9 between said at least two first 10, 10a and said at least two second 10b, 10c plates.
One side of a first zone A is defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of one 10 of said at least two first 10, 10a plates being inserted between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of one 10b of said at least two second 10b, 10c. The opposite side of the first zone A is defined by the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10a of said at least two first 10, 10a plates being inserted between the angled tabs 4, 7; 2, 7 of the other one 10c of said at least two second 10b, 10c plates. The first zone A is thus defined transversally to the plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c in the volume 9, i.e. perpendicularly to the flat tabs 1, 3 of the formwork plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c.
The next step consists in positioning and holding side plates 10e to 10g on at least one side having no tab of said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates. This may be provided by a pin 5 holding each one of said side plates 10e to 10g relative to its plate among said at least two first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates, and vice versa.
If need be, for a formwork 11 comprising more than two first and second plates 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, and possibly several side plates 10e to 10g, the preceding steps of positioning additional plates in the extension of said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates while forming said at least three zones A, B, among which the first zone A are repeated.
This may also be executed in addition to, or instead of positioning additional side plates 10f to 10g in addition to said at least two first 10, 10a and second 10b, 10c plates. Such additional side plates 10f, 10g may, for instance, be positioned relative to already positioned side plates 10e, 10f, or on the other opposite side having no flat tab 1, 3 of the first 10, 10a, and second 10b, 10c plates.
In the last two steps of the method according to the present invention, when a construction of said at least one formwork 11 is complete for manufacturing a construction assembly 12 to 15, a material of the concrete, cement, clay or binder type is introduced into the/each first zone A, advantageously cast therein, and if need be, material is introduced into the remaining zones B of said at least three zones A, B.
According to another embodiment which may be combined with all the characteristics mentioned above, the present invention relates to a molded formwork plate, made of molded wood based on aggregate particles, or any moldable material.
The thickness ranges from 1 cm to 2 cm and the light weight of the plate, as shown in
The plate is obtained by molding wood or any other moldable product, with the detailed dimensions in
The plate consists of seven 15 cm horizontal parts, 3 on one side, and 7 on the other side, which enables horizontal assembling, and of two 7 cm pins, one at the top and one at the bottom of the plate which enables vertical assembling. To obtain the 13 cm depth of the formwork, the plates are attached together back to back using seven tabs having an angle of 112°, and ending in a flat surface shown in
As shown in
The plate according to the invention may have the following characteristics:
The plate is a molded formwork plate, made of molded wood composed of aggregate particles or any other moldable product, characterized in that it comprises, by associating four identical plates, a zone A which will prevent plates from moving away from each other after filling with concrete or compressed clay soil.
The plates are provided with seven tabs having an angle of 112°, and ending in a flat surface shown in
The plates are provided with 7 15 cm horizontal parts for horizontally assembling these, as shown in
The plates are provided with two 7 cm pins at the top and at the bottom of the plate, for vertically assembling these. Both pins will be positioned at the back 15 of the zone, as shown in
The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and extends to all the embodiments concerned by the claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14 00808 | Apr 2014 | FR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/057129 | 3/31/2015 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015/150431 | 10/8/2015 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9403338 | Tuczek | Aug 2016 | B2 |
| 20020011034 | Weir | Jan 2002 | A1 |
| 20070116977 | Maus | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20090158686 | Oki | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20090255205 | Noble | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20110030287 | Moore | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110189525 | Palanchon | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20170114538 A1 | Apr 2017 | US |
