The invention relates to a formwork system with a formwork support preferably for supporting at least one formwork piece, and a magnet device, movably coupled to the formwork support, for fixing the position of the formwork support on a formwork base, wherein the magnet device has a magnet member, which can be transferred between a raised position, in which the formwork support can be moved together with the magnet device relative to the formwork base, and a lowered position in which the formwork system is magnetically fixed relative to the formwork base.
A generic formwork system is known in which a magnet member which can be movably coupled to a formwork support can be swivelled about a swivel axis between a raised position and a lowered position in the coupled state.
With formwork systems of this nature there is the problem that due to the swivel movement of the magnet member from the raised position into the lowered position significant forces often occur with force components in the plane of the formwork support, which move or twist the already positioned and accurately mutually aligned formwork elements or formwork supports such that precise positioning of the formwork supports with respect to one another is made more difficult.
In order to remedy the disadvantages known from the state of the art, the invention provides for a formwork system of the type mentioned in the introduction, wherein the magnet device for displacing the magnet member is movable between the raised position and the lowered position with respect to the formwork support. The magnet device is generically movably coupled to the formwork support, but according to the invention it can also be simultaneously displaced with respect to the formwork support. This has the advantage that the magnet member together with the formwork support can be displaced and first precisely positioned, because the magnet member and the formwork support are coupled, but the magnet member can also be moved between the raised position and the lowered position in an essentially translational movement whilst avoiding swivelling. In doing this, forces with force components in the plane of the formwork base can be largely avoided, which can displace or twist the already positioned and accurately mutually aligned formwork elements or formwork supports. With the formwork system according to the invention a formwork piece can be positioned more simply and precisely than is possible in the state of the art.
To create a formwork system according to the principle of a modular concept in which the magnet devices and formwork supports can be interchanged, it is particularly advantageous if the magnet device and the formwork support are detachably coupled to one another.
The mechanical implementation of a guide device for transferring the magnet member between the raised position and the lowered position can be arranged particularly simply if the magnet member can be transferred in an essentially linear movement between the raised position and the lowered position.
The transverse forces, which act parallel to the formwork base and could cause displacement or twisting of the already positioned and aligned formwork supports, can be almost completely prevented if the direction of the linear transfer movement runs essentially perpendicular to the formwork base.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the formwork system comprises at least one guide device with at least one guide section and at least one receptacle section, wherein the guide section can be preferably brought into detachable engagement with the receptacle section. A guide device of this nature can be particularly simply and economically manufactured with little production expense, wherein an easily detachable but however strong coupling between the magnet member and the formwork support can be realised.
In order to prevent penetration of concrete into a gap between a formwork piece and the formwork base when filling the formwork with concrete, it has been found to be helpful if the magnet device exerts a force on the formwork support in the lowered position of the magnet member to press the said formwork support against the formwork base. In doing this also a formwork piece borne by the formwork support is firmly pressed against the formwork base, by means of which the size of the gap between the contact surfaces of the formwork part and the formwork base can be reduced.
The holding force of the magnet member can be particularly well transferred to the formwork support if the guide section is permanently joined to the magnet member.
Strong coupling of the magnet device to the formwork support and a particularly uniform guidance can be realised in this way such that the guide device comprises at least two guide sections which protrude on different sides of the magnet member, located essentially on one axis.
In an embodiment of the invention, which is preferred because it is particularly simple to manufacture, the receptacle section comprises a preferably longitudinal groove and the guide section comprises a projection which protrudes into the groove.
An easily detachable coupling of the magnet device to the formwork support can in this way be realised in that the groove is open at one end.
A strong coupling of the magnet device to the formwork support and a particularly uniform guidance can also be realised in that the formwork support comprises at least two receptacle sections which are arranged spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction of the formwork support.
An important aspect of the invention is a formwork support of a particularly strong construction suitable for the formwork system according to the invention, the said formwork support comprising a longitudinal profile with an essentially C-shaped cross-section, wherein the profile has a back and two limbs which protrude essentially perpendicularly from it. The formwork support of this design can also be used independently of the formwork system according to the invention.
With a particularly flexurally strong and torsionally stiff embodiment of the formwork support the formwork support comprises at least one essentially flat stiffening element which extends essentially perpendicular to the back and/or perpendicular to the limbs of the C-profile. This particularly flexurally strong and torsionally stiff formwork support is characterised furthermore by a low weight and low manufacturing costs.
The rigidity and stability of the formwork support can be further increased if the stiffening element joins the limbs of the profile together.
The rigidity and stability of the formwork support can be further increased if the stiffening element joins the back of the profile with at least one of the limbs.
In order to simplify the mounting of a formwork piece on the formwork support it is advantageous if the formwork support has at least one opening on the back of the profile in the region between two stiffening elements.
The number of required components for the formwork support, and therefore also its weight and production expense, can be reduced in that the stiffening element is formed as the receptacle section.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the limbs of the profile are of different lengths. A formwork support with a design of this nature offers for the minimum weight the advantage of an optimum force distribution when, during filling the formwork mould with concrete, the weight of the liquid concrete acts on the formwork or formwork supports.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the formwork support is formed as the formwork and comprises at least one formwork surface.
In a preferred formwork system, which, apart from the already mentioned advantages, offers the user the advantage of greater flexibility through the provision of a large number of adjustment options for the magnet device, the formwork support has at least three receptacle sections, which are preferably equally spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction of the formwork support.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the guide device has a link guide in which the guide section can be guided in a sliding manner.
In order to prevent as far as possible during the transfer of the magnet member between the raised and lowered positions forces occurring which could cause an unwanted displacement or twisting of an already positioned formwork support on the formwork base, it is particularly advantageous if a guide direction of the link guide runs approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the formwork support.
Preferably the link guide here extends over a length which corresponds approximately to half the spacing of the limbs on the C-profile.
The essential features and preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the following with reference to the enclosed drawings.
a illustrates a formwork support for the formwork system according to the invention in a first embodiment with a profile member which is C-shaped in cross-section.
b illustrates a side view of the formwork support from
c illustrates a section A-A of the formwork support from
d illustrates a section B-B of the formwork support from
a illustrates a formwork support of a second embodiment for the formwork system according to the invention realised as an angle bracket with an intervening piece and a formwork piece.
b illustrates a front view of the angle bracket from
c illustrates a side view of the angle bracket from
d illustrates a plan view of the angle bracket from
a illustrates a magnet device for the formwork system according to the invention in an overall view.
b illustrates a front view of the magnet device in a raised position.
c illustrates a sectional view of the magnet device from
d illustrates a front view of the magnet device in a lowered position.
e illustrates a sectional view of the magnet device from
f illustrates an enlarged detail view of the magnet device from
g illustrates an enlarged detail view of the magnet device from
a illustrates the formwork system according to the invention with the magnet device and the formwork support of the first embodiment in the decoupled state.
b illustrates the formwork system from
c illustrates the formwork system according to the invention with the magnet device and the formwork support of the first embodiment in the coupled state, wherein the magnet device is in the raised position.
d illustrates the formwork system from
e illustrates the formwork system according to the invention with the magnet device and the formwork support of the first embodiment in the coupled state, wherein the magnet device is in the lowered position.
f illustrates the formwork system from
a illustrates the formwork system according to the invention with the magnet device and the formwork support of the second embodiment realised as an angle bracket in the decoupled state.
b illustrates the formwork system form
c illustrates the formwork system according to the invention with the magnet device and the formwork support of the second embodiment realised as an angle bracket in the coupled state, wherein the magnet member is in the raised position.
d illustrates the formwork system from
e illustrates the formwork system according to the invention with the magnet device and the formwork support of the second embodiment realised as an angle bracket in the coupled state, wherein the magnet device is in the lowered position.
f illustrates the formwork system from
In the following description terms stating position, such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right” or similar terms, are used for better comprehension of the description of the invention. These positional designations should only be taken to refer in each case to the respective illustration of the drawing and have no binding character beyond this.
The invention relates in particular to a formwork system 1, illustrated in
In the following the main features of the formwork support 2 of a first embodiment are explained with reference to
a illustrates an overall view of the formwork support 2 of the first embodiment in an overall view. The formwork support 2 of the first embodiment comprises a longitudinal profile member 20, which is essentially C-shaped in cross-section, with an upper limb 21, a lower limb 22 and a back 23 joining the limbs 21, 22. The upper and lower limbs 21, 22 each protrude perpendicularly from the back 23 of the C-profile 20, as illustrated in the sectional views of
With reference to
The receptacle sections 25 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the profile member 20 with uniform spacing to one another between the limbs 21, 22 and are welded to both limbs 21, 22 and to the back 23 in such a manner that the receptacle sections 25 are parallel to one another and each extends approximately perpendicular to both limbs 21, 22 as well as approximately perpendicular to the back 23 of the C-shaped profile member 20, thus providing a particularly high stiffness to the formwork support 2 so created. Between the receptacle sections 25 window-type openings 24 can be provided on the back of the C-shaped profile member 20 to fasten formwork pieces 10, for example by clamps (not illustrated), in a simple manner to the formwork support 2 without the necessity of having to drill through the back 23 of the profile member 20 at each fastening point. Although only three receptacle sections 25 are illustrated in
The formwork support 2 of the second embodiment, which is realised as an angle bracket 27, will now be described with reference to
b illustrates a front view of the angle bracket 27, but without the intervening piece 11 and the formwork piece 10.
c illustrates a side view of the angle bracket 27 from
d illustrates a plan view onto the angle bracket 27 of
In the following the essential features of the magnet device 3 are described with reference to
b, 3c and 3f illustrate the magnet device 3, wherein the magnet member 30 is located in a raised position opposite the formwork base 4. For the sake of simplicity a simplified illustration has been chosen for illustrating the holes 31, spring elements 32 and feet 33. The illustration with more accurate detail can be seen in
d, 3e and 3g illustrate the magnet member 30 or the magnet device 3 in a lowered position with respect to the formwork base 4, wherein the feet 33 are fully located in the receptacles 31 and the magnet member 30 develops its full magnetic force. In addition to the weight, the magnetic force 30 developed in interaction with the formwork base 4 and the whole magnet device 3 pulls downward perpendicular to the formwork base 4. The eccentric 37 is here located in a position in which no circumferential section of the eccentric 37 protrudes beyond the underside of the magnet member 30.
In the following the preferred use of the invention is described with reference to
a to 4f illustrate symbolically the use of the formwork system 1 with the above described magnet device 3 and the above described formwork support 2 of the first embodiment.
To produce formwork to be filled with liquid concrete the formwork support 2 is brought with the bolted-on formwork piece 10 into its intended position on the formwork base 4. To couple the magnet device 3 to the formwork support 2 the free ends of the metal bar 36 welded to the metal plate 35 are introduced from above into the U-shaped, groove-type and longitudinally extended accommodating slots 26 of the receptacle sections 25. The groove-type accommodating slots 26 are open at the top and are used as a link guide for the free ends of the metal bar 36 to be arranged in them, which are in the following also designated as guide sections 36. In this link guide 26 the free ends of the metal bar 36 or the guide sections are movably accommodated and can be guided sliding into the lowered position from the raised position during transfer in the direction of movement of the magnet member. The groove-type receptacle 26 can, as illustrated, be open at the upper end or closed in order to couple the magnet device 3 to the formwork support 2 undetachably. In the embodiment illustrated in
A guide device for the purpose of the invention comprises on one hand the guide sections 36 on the side of the magnet device 3 and on the other hand the groove-type accommodating slots 26 in the receptacle sections 25 on the side of the formwork support 2. In the coupled state of the magnet device 3 and of the formwork support 2 the guide sections 36 are engaged positively locked with the receptacle sections 25, wherein the link guide only permits movement of the guide sections 36 in one direction which essentially corresponds to the direction of movement of the magnet device 3 during transfer of the magnet member 30 between the raised and lowered positions. This movement occurs in a linear movement essentially perpendicular to the formwork base 4 so that during the transfer of the magnet member 30 between the raised and lowered positions no transverse forces occur in parallel to the plane of the formwork base 4 which could cause an unwanted displacement or twisting of the already positioned formwork support 2.
For the transfer of the magnet member 30 from the raised position with respect to the formwork base 4 illustrated in
On pressing down the magnet device 3 perpendicularly onto the formwork base 4 the spring forces of the spring elements 32 are overcome, which pretension the feet 33 and permit them to protrude beyond the underside of the magnet member 30 so that the underside of the magnet member 30 is spaced from the formwork base 4. The eccentric 37, which is supported for swivelling about the swivel axis is, as is illustrated in
From the lowered position illustrated in
When all the required formwork pieces 10 are positioned in the manner described above so that a closed formwork is produced, the formwork can be filled with liquid concrete. Once the concrete has hardened, the formwork or the single formwork systems 1 are released in the described manner.
a to 5f illustrate a preferred use of the formwork system according to the invention with the magnet device 3 and the formwork support 2 of the second embodiment implemented as a fastening means 27, which is essentially the same as the use previously described in conjunction with
To transfer the magnet device 3 from the lowered position illustrated in
The same magnet device 3 can be used in conjunction with the formwork support 2 of the first embodiment as well as with the formwork support 2 of the second embodiment formed as an angle bracket 27. Furthermore, the formwork support 2 of the first embodiment can also be used independently of the magnet device 3.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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20 2005 003 979.9 | Mar 2005 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP2005/013807 | 12/21/2005 | WO | 00 | 4/30/2008 |