Patent Grant
12065830
Not applicable.
The present invention generally relates to a framing assembly for constructing at least part of a frame of a building structure. More particularly, the invention is a framing assembly comprising at least one rafter vent assembly having at least one brace member and a connecting member, with the at least one rafter vent assembly providing supplemental ventilation and support for the building structure, preferably when the building structure has a plurality of rafter splines and a plurality of panels.
Conventional framing methods and framing assemblies are used for constructing a building including, but are not limited to, stick framing and timber framing. With timber framing, heavy timber beams or post and beam framing alternatives form the building structure. Timber frame buildings may be generally assembled on the ground, then raised into position and secured. Wall studs or vertical elements may generally extend the full height of the timber frame structure. Rafter beams (or ridge support beams) may generally extend at least part of the length of the timber frame structure to form the roof.
Structural insulated panels (SIPs) are often used with timber framing, leaving the entire frame visible. Depending on the materials used for the wall studs and roof beams, raising the frame may require using cranes to lift the wall sections and roof sections. Examples of building structures are houses and other residential structure; however, other building structures are contemplated. Some interior building décor features have exposed ceiling beams and/or exposed upstanding wall columns. Depending on the building construction, the exposed beams are either part of the framing itself or are added later in the construction process. Leaving exposed framing is a distinct feature of a timber frame building.
The ceiling panels and wall panels may be either sheetrock, plywood, or SIPs. SIPs are preferred with timber frame buildings. SIPs generally have two layers (or skins) sandwiching a recessed core. The core may be a foam core. The two SIP layers may be oriented strand board (OSB), sheet metal, plywood, or any other material suitable for the purpose. The SIPs are coupled together with lumber studs, rafters, or splines, then secured with nail or screw fasteners, and connected to the floor with a sill plate. The structure of these splines, lumber studs, or lumber beams remain deficient for the desired combination of supporting the SIPs, bearing the wall load and the roof load, and creating an exterior protrusion resembling an exposed beam or an exposed column. See U.S. Pat. No. 5,950,389 (Porter), U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007/01311308 (Martin), and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0058516 (Liberman et al.).
Problems with conventional timber frame structures or exposed beam structures using timber include, but are not limited to, lumber shrinkage, warpage, and checking. Other problems include the increased cost for materials and labor, and the need for cranes to assemble the building. Problems with using SIPs include lack of exposed beams without compromising the strength of the SIPs.
Another disadvantage for using SIPs with timber frame construction is maintaining moisture control and air quality due to inadequate air circulation or ventilation within the building. The vapor buoyancy effect causes moist air to rise and to remain stagnate in the highest part of the enclosed building. If adequate air circulation is not addressed, the structure will become vulnerable to mold growth and wood rot. Ridge support beams are often exposed to continued moisture and poor air circulation, both of which further contributes to ridge rot. Ridge rot is one of the leading failures in SIP construction, especially in cold, wet climates, for example, on the Alaskan western coast. Furthermore, spacing between assembled SIPs joints and other roof structural elements can also lead to air leakage between the assembled SIP joints. Air leakage allows moist air to rise toward the spacing between assembled SIP joints. This moisture air often collects on the exterior outer skin of the SIPs where the moisture air then cools and vapor condenses on the underside of the outer skin of the SIPs. The trapped condensed moisture leads to decay and mold growth in the SIPs.
Yet another problem with SIP construction involves the internal skeletal structure of the timber frame building. In general, a timber frame building utilizes a single, heavy ridge structural beam, rafter beam, or ridge support beams upon which a plurality of SIPs and rafter splines are mounted. The ridge support beam supports the building load, weight of the roof, including the weight and impact from snow, wind, and other environmental impact, for example, earthquakes.
None of the identified patent references disclose, teach, or suggest the combination of components and structural arrangement of the claimed invention.
A need exists for a framing assembly having a plurality of a plurality of rafter splines and a plurality of extended rafter splines, each preferably made from manufactured or engineered wood products, a plurality of modified structural insulated panels, and at least one surface attachment member when constructing a building to create the appearance of exposed beams without using heavy timber beams.
A need exists for a framing assembly used to construct a timber frame-style building without the expense and cost of using heavy construction equipment, namely, a crane.
A need exists for a framing assembly that uses a configured structural composite lumber and dimensional lumber, along with modified structural insulated panels, to construct a dimensionally stable, strong, and environmentally friendly building having the appearance of exposed beams.
A need exists for a framing assembly having at least one rafter vent assembly comprising at least one brace member and a connecting member, with the connecting member having a plurality of vent tubes for SIP construction that aids in air circulation to vent or outtake moist stale air into the exterior environment, and to provide intake of drier fresh air that can be metered and controlled while not affecting interior temperature within the building structure.
A need exists for a framing assembly to form part of a building skeletal structure, the framing assembly comprising a plurality of rafter vent assemblies, each rafter vent assembly comprising two brace members, a connecting member having a plurality of vent tubes for supplemental ventilation; a plurality of panels; a plurality of rafter splines; and a ridge support beam member.
Due to the described disadvantages inherent in the known types of framing methods for constructing a timber frame building structure or a structure having exposed beams, one embodiment of the present invention provides a new and improved a framing assembly for constructing and framing a building structure having exposed beams, wherein the framing assembly comprises (includes or has) a plurality of rafter splines, a plurality of extended rafter splines, a plurality of panels, and at least one surface attachment member that are used to construct the frame of a building structure to have exposed interior beams. The framing assembly may further include a plurality of wall splines, which once selectively installed between two of the plurality of panels, forms an exposed upstanding column. One or more of the wall splines and rafter splines may be used as an alternative to conventional wall studs or conventional roof rafters when a respective exposed column an exposed rafter beam or an exposed column is desired. When the modified wall spline or the modified rafter spline is not used between two particular structural insulated panels (SIPs), conventional SIPs or a SIP having at least one conventional side may be used with a conventional wall stud or rafter beam.
Each of the spline types preferably comprises manufactured wood products rather than heavy lumber. Each spline is a support member. Each spline may further have a pair of flanges that abut against and sandwich a lower portion of the lateral sides of the support member to form a T-shaped wall column or a T-shaped rafter beam. The plurality of panels forms wall panel sections, ceiling panel sections, exterior roof panels, and exterior wall panels. These panels are preferably modified SIPs. The splines are selectively installed with modified SIPs to couple the modified SIPs together, with a lower portion of each spline protruding outwardly from the joined SIPs as an exposed beam or an exposed column.
The overall frame may be built at the construction site or pre-built in sections offsite then delivered to the construction site for final assembly. The top of each spline flange is essentially a ledge upon which the inner layer (or skin) of the modified SIP rests. Each conventional SIP having an outer layer (or skin), a recessed core, and an inner layer (or skin) is modified to accommodate the spline alternative. The user may selectively use the splines between each coupled modified SIP, or may alternate with using conventional splines and conventional SIPs. The surface attachment members are surface materials that may be selectively attached or applied to a lower portion of each spline as a decorative feature of wood beams or painted beams.
In one embodiment, a framing assembly for constructing the frame of a building structure, the framing assembly comprising (including or having)
The framing assembly not only uses splines to join the modified SIPs together, but also supports the modified SIPs and the roof framework. The splines are mounted between the connected modified SIPs, with the lower, distal portions of the splines extending beyond the SIPs, forming exposed beams or exposed upstanding columns. The splines also provide additional structural strength to the modified SIP outer panels, allowing these panels to be used in longer intervals without using additional support elements, such as braces.
In yet another embodiment, a framing assembly is provided for constructing and framing a building structure that has exposed rafter beams while providing supplemental ventilation and additional structural support. Here, the invention is a framing assembly comprising (including or having) at least one rafter vent assembly which may be an interior rafter vent assembly, an exterior rafter vent assembly, or both. Each of the plurality of vent tubes in both versions of the rafter vent assembly is upstanding from the connecting plate. The plurality of vent tubes provides for air circulation.
The interior rafter vent assembly has: (1) at least one brace member comprising a brace flange, with the brace flange further defining at least one bore therethrough and with the brace flange extending from the brace member at an angle; and (2) a connecting member comprising two end plates, a connecting plate, and a plurality of vent tubes, with the connecting plate having two side members configured to form a peak, with the connecting plate affixed between the two end plates, and with the connecting member being coupled to the underside, bottom, or outer-side inner skin of two abutting roof panels (SIPs) which form an apex gap or spacing in the roof line. The brace flange may define at least one bore. The at least one bore of the brace flange is selectively aligned over and coupled to an individual vent tube of the plurality of vent tubes to couple the roof SIP to the connecting member. The connecting member may be coupled onto a ridge beam support member. The connecting member is coupled or otherwise attached between two rafter splines of the building frame for supplemental ventilation and moisture control. The interior connecting member is visible from within the building structure.
The exterior or external rafter vent assembly has an exterior or external connecting member comprising a connecting plate and a plurality of vent tubes, with the connecting member being coupled directly to or over the exterior, top, or outer-side outer skin of two abutting roof panels (SIPs) which form an apex gap or spacing in the roof line. This version does not have the two end plates affixed to the opposing ends of the connecting plate. This version is beneficial at least for aesthetic purposes to avoid having the exposed underside of the connecting member shown in the interior of the building. During installation, the connecting member is lowered into place over the roof SIPs. The vent tubes still are capable of venting moist air from within the building to the external environment due to the gap between the joined SIPS. The connecting member is attached to the SIPs using fasteners, preferably screws. A brace member is not used for the external connecting member arrangement because the external connecting member itself acts as a flange.
A plurality of the rafter vent assemblies structurally supports a plurality of panels or SIPs in addition to providing for intake and outtake air flow. Each rafter vent assembly prevents accumulation of moist stagnate air from the ridge area of the structure. The brace member attaches to the SIP so that the assembled panel-brace member can be attached to the connecting member. When the connecting member is an interior connecting member, the end plates of the interior connecting member attach the rafter vent assembly to the building structure at the rafter splines. With this invention, intake of drier fresh air can be metered and controlled while not affecting interior temperature within the building structure. The rafter vent assembly may also provide for aesthetic ornamental features of a heavy timber frame structure.
The framing assembly of the rafter vent assembly embodiment may further include a plurality of panels, a plurality of rafter splines, a plurality of wall splines, a plurality of truss plates, a plurality of mend plates (not shown), and/or a bent for forming the building frame structure. The modified SIPs and the modified extended rafter splines from the other embodiments are preferred. The modified plurality of wall splines from the other embodiments are preferred. Opposing rafter splines are abutted against each other and coupled together with the end plates affixed to the interior connecting member or with the independent end plates in the external connecting member embodiment. The opposing rafter splines are essentially a first rafter spline from a first side of the structure abutting a second rafter spline from a second side of the structure. The plurality of assembled opposing rafter splines are spaced along the length of the rafter ridge beam, forming rafter spline sections. A plurality of wall splines is coupled to each of the corresponding plurality of rafter splines with the mend plates. The bottom of the wall splines are placed on top of a bottom plate when erecting a framing bent, particularly for a timber frame construction.
It is an object of the invention to provide a framing assembly having a plurality of rafter splines and a plurality of extended rafter splines, each made from manufactured or engineered wood products, a plurality of structural insulated panels, and at least one surface attachment member when constructing a building to create the appearance of exposed beams without using heavy timber beams.
It is an object of the invention to provide a framing assembly used to construct a timber frame-style building without the expense and cost of using heavy construction equipment, namely, a crane.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a framing assembly that uses a configured structural composite lumber and dimensional lumber, along with structural insulated panels, to construct a dimensionally stable, strong, and environmentally friendly building having the appearance of exposed beams.
It is an object of this invention to provide a framing assembly that has at least one rafter vent assembly comprising at least one brace member and a connecting member, with the rafter vent assembly providing supplemental ventilation, aiding in air circulation to vent moist stale air into the environment, minimizing ridge rot, providing intake of drier fresh air that can be metered and controlled while not affecting the interior temperature within the building structure, and supporting the building structure.
These and other aspects, objects, embodiments, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawing figures and the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The invention may be more readily described by reference to the accompanying drawing figures and the following description of the drawing figures. The reference numbers apply to each embodiment of the invention. In the drawing,
The present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention, and the accompanying drawing figures as described herein should not be construed as limited to the illustrated drawing. Rather, the illustrated embodiment(s) are detailed to provide a thorough disclosure suitable to convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. For the sake of simplicity, the conjunctive “and” may also be taken to include the disjunctive “or” and vice versa, whenever necessary to give the claims of this patent application the broadest interpretation and construction possible.
Referring more particularly to the drawing by characters of reference,
As shown in
The wall splines 1 are arranged as a vertical element or upstanding column used to connect the wall panels 15 together. When not used as a column, the modified wall spline may be alternatively interchanged with a conventional wall spline without the pair of flanges. The rafter splines are arranged as rafters or beams to connect ceiling panels or roof panels together. More particularly, a lower, wider portion of each wall spline, each rafter spline, and each extended rafter spline are mounted between the respective wall panel sections, ceiling panel sections, or roof panel sections. By sandwiching the wall splines between two panels, the resulting frame is more rigid and does not need additional bracing. A plurality of fasteners secures each of the splines to the panels.
As depicted in
In a preferred embodiment shown in
Each wall spline is essentially a wall stud alternative for supporting the wall panels and for supporting the weight or load of the roof of the building structure, and for providing an exposed upstanding column appearance. Each rafter spline and each extended rafter spline is essentially a rafter for supporting the ceiling panels and the roof panels, and for supporting the weight or load of the ceiling and the roof of the building structure. The extended rafter splines may be further used to form a soffit of the roof line. A user may selectively decrease the depth of the exposed lower, exposed beam portion of the spline by trimming or cutting off the excess material. The length of each spline may extend from floor to ceiling for wall splines/columns or wall to wall for rafter splines/beams. To extend the length of a wall spline or a rafter spline beyond the length of the available materials, another respective wall spline or rafter spline is positioned to align and abut the other spline.
The support member 2, 102 may be part of a wall spline, a rafter spline, or an extended rafter spline. Each support member of a spline is preferably made of structural composite lumber (“SCL”), although other comparable materials may be used. The length of each spline and corresponding support member depend on the specifications for constructing the building structure and depends on the pitch and length of the roof. For example, the splines may be 20 to 24 feet long. Using SCL for the spline support member provides more accuracy and desired length in the construction. The width of the support member ranges from approximately 1.5 inches up to 3 inches, depending on the required load. The wall spline dimensions range from 2-inch×4 inch or 2-inch×6-inch studs or columns. The rafter spline dimensions range from 2-inch×8 inch, 2 inch×10 inch, or 2 inch×12 inch rafters. An example of a preferred support member dimensions is 2-inch width×16-inch depth/height×20-foot length. The dimensions used for a rafter spline or an extended rafter spline will depend on the size of the support member SCL, the flanges DL, and the pitch and length of the roof. The spline support member may be mounted and secured with truss plates, bend plates, or other connecting members.
As shown in the figures, the distal or lower portion of the support member 2, 102 is sandwiched between the two flanges 7, 107, with the distal, lower, or second end of the support member 2, 102 being aligned with the distal, lower, or second end of the two flanges 7, 107. The proximal or upper portion of the support member is upstanding and has a depth (or height) longer than a depth (or height) of the flanges. The size of the flanges may range from 2 inch×4 inch board, 2 inch×6 inch board, 2 inch×8 inch board, 2 inch×10 inch board, or 2 inch×12 inch board, depending on the specifications for constructing the building structure. The width of each flange is preferably equal to or less than half the width of the support member.
The pair of flanges may be a component of a wall spline, a rafter spline, or an extended rafter spline. Each flange of a spline is preferably made of dimensional lumber (“DL”) board, although other comparable materials may be used. Each flange is essentially a mirror image to the corresponding flange. The one lateral side 8, 108 of the flange is permanently adhered to the lateral side 3, 103 of a particular support member, leaving the opposing lateral side 8, 108 of the flange exposed. Each flange is adhered to the support member by an adhesive member, then pressure is applied to further adhere the flange boards to the support member. The adhesive member is preferably glue or other high-grade construction bonding material. Fasteners, preferably screws or bolts, may be used to further secure the flange boards to the support member.
The top of the flange 7, 107 board creates a ledge 10, 110 to support the wall panel section 25, the ceiling panel section 25, or the roof panel section 25. Using the flanges provides a method of building a structure having exposed beams without relying on additional framing elements. The bottom 5 of the adhered flanges 7, 107 and support member 2, 102 form a flat surface upon which a surface attachment member 14 may be attached. Each wall flange has a length substantially the same as the wall support member. In the preferred embodiment shown in the figures, each wall flange is essentially a substantially rectangular or straight-edge shaped column and may be selectively used along any section of wall. The rafter flanges are essentially the same as the wall flanges, but are considered upstanding beams.
In another embodiment, one or both rafter spline flanges are angled for use as in a rafter valley. Here, the angle may range from 30 degrees-45 degrees depending on the pitch of the roof, for example, a roof having a 6/12 pitch versus a roof having a 12/12 pitch. A valley rafter spline having angled flanges would carry more load than a top rafter spline, because the valley rafter spline is typically larger than the top rafter spline. An angled or beveled flange may also be used when joining outer roof panels to form a roof valley or a hip roof. The flange angle would be determined by the angle needed to join the outer panels. This framing assembly may further include a collar tie or a rafter tie to form a truss.
For the embodiment depicted in
A surface attachment member 14 may be applied to the end of the lower portion of the spline. The surface treatment used as the surface attachment may be selected from the group consisting of paint, spray, veneer, backing, or combinations thereof.
The rafter splines may further include rafter ties to form a truss, as needed. Each upstanding end of a wall spline may be further fastened or otherwise coupled to a corresponding rafter spline, with the opposite end of the rafter spline being fastened to another rafter spline arrangement forming a frame that can be raised into position.
The modified SIP inner skin 22, and where applicable the preferred foam core 21, is trimmed to accommodate the spline 1, 101, leaving the unmodified outer skin 17 with an overhang 20 to essentially form an L-shape of the SIP 15. The outer skin 17 overhang 20 of the modified SIP 25 is approximately half the width of the spline 1, 101 support member 2, 102. The figures depict the assembly of the outer 17 skin overhang 20 of two modified SIPS 25 may be secured to the top 4, 104 of one spline 1, 101 support member 2, 102. When the spline is installed with the modified wall SIP, ceiling SIP, or roof SIP, part of the top of the spline support member abuts the underside of the outer skin overhang, with the lateral side of the upper portion of the spline support member abutting the trimmed foam core and the inner skin, and with the exposed outer-side of the inner skin abutting the top of one of the spline flange ledges. The modified SIP is secured to the spline with a plurality of fasteners. The fasteners used to secure the SIP to the flange ledge must be long enough to penetrate the entire cross section of the SIP panel and into the spline flange. The installation process is repeated for a second, adjacent modified SIP, with the overhang outer skin of the second modified SIP positioned over the unencumbered part of the top of the spline support member. The framing assembly, with the assembled sections of modified SIPs and splines, may be raised or otherwise positioned into place in the building structure. The exposed side of the assembled modified SIPs outer skins form a continuous surface.
During installation, the bottom of the modified SIPs is coupled to a sill plate that is mounted to the floor. The bottom of the modified SIP retains the conventional recess of the foam core within the outer skin and inner skin for coupling to the sill plate. The modified SIP wall panel height is determined by the desired eave height of the building and the location of where the roof and walls meet. The roof/ceiling SIP panels preferably has a depth of approximately 6 inches or 8 inches, depending on the R value or the amount of insulation required for the building. Each SIP wall panel preferably has a depth or thickness of approximately 6 inches or 4 inches. If a surface attachment member is applied to the lower portions of the splines, the user may elect to apply the surface attachment member to all three sides of the exposed spline, to two sides of the exposed spline, or to only one side of the exposed spline.
The framing assembly may further include an eave. The eave includes a lookout 29 upstanding from and mounted to a soffit 28. The lookout is essentially a board or other structural material having a top, a bottom, two opposing lateral sides, a distal end, and a proximal end. The distal end of the lookout is closest to the building structure, while the proximal end is near the roof overhang. The lookout proximal end is fastened to the modified rafter spline (rafter tail) and fastened at the distal end to a wall spline. The eave provides additional strength and stability to the building frame in addition to straightening the walls. A mend plate, truss plate, or stud strap may also be used to attach the lookout to both the extended rafter spline and to the wall spline.
The soffit is mounted to the bottom of the lookout. The soffit extends beyond the length of both the lookout and the extended rafter spline (or other roof tail) by approximately 1/2 inches. The soffit may be made from long engineered wood members, preferably oriented strand boards, and may further define a groove therein. The soffit, lookout, and extended roof spline form a truss so that the roof load is transferred to a bending moment. The soffit acts as a beam and counteracts the bending moment. This configuration results in a stronger, stiffer exterior wall. This arrangement is particularly useful for vaulted ceilings.
A fascia header may be added via the soffit groove. The framing assembly may further include collar ties, rafter ties, or both to further strengthen the structure. The ties may be made from the same material as the rafter splines or it may be made out of metal. The ties may be used for structural purposes, ornamental purposes, or both.
The roof panel sections lay over the outer skin of the roof SIP or ceiling SIPs. A crane is not needed during this construction. The sections may weigh approximately 200-300 pounds, but may be winched and lifted into place before fastening—all without using a crane. When a ridge beam is used, two rafter splines are joined and fastened together to form a straight roof peak. When a ridge beam is not used, an end plate connects two rafter splines to form the roof peak.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, a framing assembly for constructing the frame of a building structure having at least one exposed beam, the framing assembly comprising:
In the embodiment depicted in
The rafter vent assembly serves at least two purposes. One purpose allows for venting excess moisture around the panel (or SIP) to the exterior environment. Another purpose allows for additional structural support for the opposing roof panels in position during construction and assembly. The rafter vent assembly provides supplemental ventilation, aids in air circulation to vent moist stale air into the environment, minimizing ridge rot, provides intake of drier fresh air that can be metered and controlled while not affecting the interior temperature within the building structure, and supports the building structure.
The interior rafter vent assembly can act as a ridge beam itself when fastened to opposing inside facing panels (SIPs) together during construction. The interior rafter vent assembly can provide adhesion strength of the SIP foam core which further adds to the overall strength of the building structure.
As depicted in
The brace member 3 is essentially an elongated brace body with a lateral end. The lateral end of the brace member 3 is affixed to or otherwise extends from a rear end of the brace flange 10. The brace member is preferably made from steel. Preferably, the brace member is a metal strip. The length of the brace member is preferably substantially the same length as the width of the SIP panel 12. The width of the brace member is less than its length. Each brace member has a length shorter than the length of the connecting plate to assist in assembly of the assembled panel-brace member onto the connecting plate. The width of the brace member is smaller than the width of any side member of the connecting plate. The depth or thickness of the brace member is preferably substantially the same depth as the connecting plate. In one embodiment, the brace member is made from an eleven gauge material. During assembly of the building frame, the brace body of the brace member is positioned over the inner skin of the panel, as shown in
Each brace member 3 of the interior rafter vent assembly 1 has at least one brace flange 10. The brace flange 10 is essentially a flange body having a rear end. The brace flange 10 further defines at least one bore 11, as shown in
The brace flange is made from the same material as the brace member. The brace flange 10 and the brace member 3 are preferably a unitary structural element, with the brace flange being bent to the requisite angle and configured to the disclosed physical arrangement. When the brace member is coupled to the panel, preferably a SIP, the brace flange extends outwardly from both the brace member and the panel, and the brace flange is essentially unencumbered.
In one embodiment of the brace flange shown in
In another embodiment of the brace flange shown in
The brace member may further include a plurality of brace fasteners (not shown). The plurality of brace fasteners for the brace member may be selected from the group consisting of bolts, screws, or adhesives. Screws are the preferred brace fastener. The brace fasteners fasten the brace member to the SIP panel during assembly. The amount and type of brace fasteners depend on the desired length of the brace member.
The connecting member 2 of the interior rafter vent assembly has two end plates 7, a connecting plate 4, 5, and a plurality of vent tubes 6. The connecting member connects the assembled panel-brace members to the rafter splines and to the ridge rafter beam.
Each end plate 7 of the connecting member 2 of the interior rafter vent assembly has an outer surface and an inner surface. In one embodiment of the end plates 7 shown in the
Each end plate may further include a plurality of apertures 9 therethrough and a plurality of connecting fasteners. During installation, the inverted recess of the end plate rests on top of the respective rafter spline flange as it abuts against the inner side of the rafter spline support member. A plurality of connecting fasteners is inserted through the plurality of apertures of the end plate to fasten the end plate to the rafter spline support member. The plurality of connecting fasteners may be screws or bolts. Sex bolts are preferred and are countersunk through the end plate apertures to become flush with the surface of the end plate. Alternatively, or additionally, the plurality of connecting fasteners may further include an adhesive applied to each end plate so that the end plate is further adhered to the top of the rafter spline flange. Using an adhesive depends on whether the end plates are attached to the rafter spline support members to the truss plates connecting opposing spline members.
As depicted in
The connecting plate is preferably made from metal, and more preferably made from steel. The length of the side members is selectively determined by the spacing of the rafters or rafter sections. The width of each side member is approximately 2″, with the approximate total width of the connecting plate being approximately 4″. The depth or thickness of the side member is approximately 1/16th inches. The connecting plate is capable of acting as the ridge rafter beam itself and is positioned between each rafter spline section.
In the embodiment of the exterior rafter vent assembly as depicted in
Each of the plurality of vent tubes 6 of the connecting member 2 of both the interior and exterior rafter vent assemblies has opposing ends. The vent tubes 6 are essentially spaced apart along the length of the side members 4, 5 of the connecting plate 4, 5. The vent tubes 6 are upstanding from or substantially close to the peak in the connecting plate 4, 5. In the embodiment for the interior rafter vent assembly, the vent tubes with the connecting plate are located at the apex or peak of the interior of the building. In the embodiment for the exterior rafter vent assembly, the vent tubes with the connecting plate are located above the SIPs at the apex or peak of the exterior of the building. Each end of the vent tube defines an opening to allow air flow to enter or to leave the building structure. Each vent tube is essentially made from 1/2 inch steel tubing. In one embodiment, each vent tube is upstanding from within a corresponding plurality of holes therethrough. The plurality of holes are essentially ventilation holes within which the plurality of vent tubes is seated.
The requisite number of vent tubes are arranged on or near the peak (or apex) of the connecting plate, then a corresponding number of holes are made in the connecting member and the vent tubes are inserted therein for a snug fit. The quantity of vent tubes depends on the amount of ventilation required for the building structure. For example, as shown in
The vent tubes dual purpose includes venting the excess moisture and holding the opposing roof panels (SIPs) in place during assembly. The placement and placement of the vent tubes at the apex of the building utilizes a vapor buoyancy effect to vent the moist stale air outside. The intake of drier fresh air can be metered and controlled so it does not impact the interior temperature within the building.
The connecting member of the interior rafter vent assembly and of the exterior rafter vent assembly may further include a plurality of extender tubes. For the interior rafter vent assembly, the extender tubes increase the overall length of the vent tubes beyond the panel to the exterior environment. For the exterior rafter vent assembly, the extender tubes increase the overall length of the vent tubes beyond any supplemental exterior structural layers installed on top of the exterior connecting plate. Each extender tube has an upper portion that is exposed above the roof of the frame. The extender tube has a wider diameter than the vent tube so that the extender tube can be slidably inserted over the vent tube. The extender tubes are preferably made rigid plastic. This material is preferable because it will not transfer the heat between the metal plates and the exterior environment, and, for interior connecting plates, the extender tubes will not be crushed by expanding foam of the SIPs.
At least one panel (SIP) has an outer skin, a core, and an inner skin. The core is located between the outer skin and the inner skin. The core is preferably a foam core. For the interior rafter vent assembly, the brace member is insertable between the inner skin and the core then fastened together with the plurality of brace fasteners. Each brace member has substantially the same length as the width of the at least one panel to which it is fastened. The outer skin of the modified SIP panel may be approximately 1 1/2 inches wider (or 3/4 inches wider on each side of the outer skin) than the core and the inner skin of the modified SIP. For the exterior rafter vent assembly, the roof panels (SIPs) are positioned so that an approximate 1/2 inch space is centered at the peak or apex of a vaulted ceiling of the building structure when the exterior connecting plate is installed on top of the outer skin of the SIPS. End plates are not affixed to the exterior connecting plate.
To further insulate any spacing gaps between the installed panels and/or the peak of the frame, a high compressive strength expanding polystyrene foam or other insulating material can be applied to further minimize air leakage. This foam preloads the roof SIPs and adds additional strength to the structure. When expandable foam is used after the roof SIPs are secured, the expandable foam is sprayed into any gaps between the roof SIPs preloading the rafter vent assembly.
During installation or construction, the bottom of wall panels are positioned and secured on top of a bottom framing plate. The framing bent is then positioned with the bottom of the wall splines abutted against the bottom of the foam core of a wall panel
(SIP) and on top of the bottom framing plate. The framing bent is raised by lifting the rafter spline portion of the framing bent upward while keeping the bottom of the wall splines resting on top of the bottom framing plate. Once raised, the framing bent is upstanding perpendicular to the bottom framing plate. The framing bent is then secured to the wall SIPs with half of a cross section of a wall spline that protrudes from a wall SIP. Another set of opposing wall panels are placed on the bottom framing plate and are slid against an exposed cross section of the wall spline and secured. Another framing bent is assembled and the process is repeated until the building structural framing is completed.
After the building frame is raised, any remaining SIP wall panels that were yet to be assembled are then positioned and secured into place. The soffit is secured into place and pulled taut against the wall SIPs, then adhered and mounted to the bottom of the lookouts. Conventional dimensions for the soffit may have an approximate 24 inch width and an approximate 1/2 inch thickness. With this invention, a soffit extension extends beyond the length of the lookout and the extended rafter spline (or roof tail) by approximately 1/2 inches. A grooved member fascia may cover the′/soffit extension and is fastened to the outer edge of the extended rafter spline (or roof tail). The grooved member may be a 2×4 or 2×6 or 2×8 wood member. The combination of the fascia and the soffit essentially becomes a load bearing beam. The length of the soffit is selectively determined by the placement of the framing bents that have rafter ties. This framing configuration strengthens the frame to support heavier loads.
The invention further provides an arrangement whereby a rafter spline is attached to the top of a wall stud or spline with the end of the rafter tail extending beyond the exterior of the building to form an eave. The end of the rafter spline is then attached to a lookout, which is fastened to the wall stud or spline through the use of truss plates or med plates. This assembly strengthens and stiffens the bents, thereby assisting in the raising of the bents.
After the above bent is raised into place, a piece of OSB is fastened to the underside of the lookout to form a soffit that extends beyond the length of both the lookout and the extended rafter spline (or other roof tail) by approximately 1/2 inches. A fascia header is then attached to the ends of the rafter tails. The fascia board is grooved to accommodate the soffit overhang. With the soffit acting as a beam, alternating wall splines are in tension and compression due to the thrust loads generated by the roof. The bents with a rafter tie forming a truss have no thrust loads while the bents with no rafter ties have outward thrust that must be addressed. If the ties are connected to each other with a soffit beam, the bents with rafter ties assist the bents without them. All of the thrust load is carried by the rafter ties in the form of tension load. Since some wall splines experience tension through the lookout, the lookout is fastened with the truss plate or mend plate. This same arrangement can be applied to stick framing. With proper spacing at the ends or joints of the soffit correlating with bents having the rafter ties, the soffit acts as a beam to carry part of the roof load. The soffit also stiffens the wall to withstand against high wind loads.
In another embodiment, a framing assembly for a roof of a building frame, the framing assembly comprising (including or has): at least one rafter vent assembly comprising a connecting member comprising a connecting plate and a plurality of vent tubes, with the connecting plate of the connecting member comprising two side members configured to form a peak, with the peak of the two side members of the connecting plate being selectively determined at an angle based on a desired pitch of the roof of the building frame, and with each of the plurality of vent tubes of the connecting member upstanding from the connecting plate; wherein the connecting member is coupled at an apex of two abutting roof panels of the building frame, with the plurality of vent tubes of the connecting member providing supplemental ventilation and air circulation to allow venting of excess moisture from inside the building frame to an exterior environment, to minimize ridge rot, and to provide supplemental support to the building frame.
In yet another embodiment, a framing assembly is provided for a roof of a building frame. Here, the framing assembly comprises (includes or has) at least one interior rafter vent assembly, each of the at least one interior rafter vent assemblies comprising:
4) two brace members, each of the two brace members comprising a brace body and a brace flange; with the brace flange extending from the brace body at an angle that is selectively determined by the desired pitch of the roof of the building frame, with the brace flange defining at least one bore therethrough, and with the brace flange extending outwardly from the coupling of the each of the two brace members and the two respective roof panels of the building frame; and with the brace body of each of the two brace members being insertable between a core and an inner skin of two respective roof panels of the building frame and fastened thereto to form an assembled panel-brace member; and
5) a connecting member comprising two end plates, a connecting plate, and a plurality of vent tubes; with each of the two end plates being affixed to and sandwiching opposing ends of the connecting plate, and with each of the two end plates being fastened to a respective roof rafter spline support member section of the building frame and abutting against respective opposing ends of the roof panel of the assembled panel-brace members; with the connecting plate comprising two side members configured to form a peak, with the peak of the connecting plate being selectively determined at an angle based on a desired pitch of the roof of the building frame, and with each of the plurality of vent tubes upstanding from the connecting plate;
6) wherein the connecting member is coupled underneath the apex of two abutting assembled panel-brace members of the building frame, with each of the at least one bore of the brace flange of the brace member of the assembled panel-brace member being slidably insertable over each of the plurality of vent tubes of the connecting member so that the plurality of vent tubes is positioned between a gap in the apex of two abutting assembled panel-brace members of the building frame; and wherein the plurality of vent tubes of the connecting member provides supplemental ventilation and air circulation to allow venting of excess moisture from inside the building frame to an exterior environment, to minimize ridge rot, and to provide supplemental support to the building frame.
In yet another embodiment, a framing assembly is provided for a roof of a building frame. Here, the framing assembly comprises (includes or has) at least one exterior rafter vent assembly, the at least one exterior rafter vent assembly comprising a connecting member comprising:
C. a connecting plate comprising two side members configured to form a peak, with the peak of the two side members being selectively determined at an angle based on a desired pitch of the roof of the building frame; and with the connecting plate being positioned over an outer skin of two abutting roof panels of the building frame and the apex of the building frame, and attached thereto with a plurality of connecting fasteners; and
D. a plurality of vent tubes, with each of the plurality of vent tubes of the connecting member upstanding from the connecting plate; and with the plurality of vent tubes aligned over the apex of the building frame for supplemental ventilation and air circulation to allow venting of excess moisture from inside the building frame to an exterior environment, to minimize ridge rot, and to provide supplemental support to the building frame.
Those skilled in the art who have the benefit of this disclosure will appreciate that it may be used as the creative basis for designing devices or methods similar to those disclosed herein, or to design improvements to the invention disclosed herein; such new or improved creations should be recognized as dependent upon the invention disclosed herein to the extent of such reliance upon this disclosure.
This utility patent application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/158,997, filed on Mar. 10, 2021; a continuation-in-part application to U.S. Utility patent application Ser. No. 17/019,275, filed on Sep. 13, 2020, which claimed the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/899,949, filed on Sep. 13, 2019, and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/993,844, filed on Mar. 24, 2020; and a continuation-in-part application to U.S. Design Patent Application 29/750,325, filed on Sep. 13, 2020, each of the foregoing applications are incorporated herein by reference.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 29750325 | Sep 2020 | US |
| Child | 17378788 | US |
