Frequency converter

Abstract

The frequency converter for an electrical motor essentially consists of power part integrated in a common semiconductor compoent, of a component accommodating at least the intermediate circuit electronics and of a component accommodating the control and regulation electronics. The electrical connections from the semiconductor component of the power part to the intermediate circuit component and from the semiconductor component of the power part to the control and regulation component are formed by sheet metal connections which are positioned and mechanically connected to one another by way of a common cast body.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The invention relates to a frequency converter for an electric motor with the features specified in the introductory part of claim 1.

[0002] Frequency converters of this type are for example applied for the drive of electric motors of pump units, fans and other machines. Whilst earlier a frequency converter application was exclusively considered for motors of more than 1 KW, with an increasing miniaturization of the frequency converter and the manufacture on a large scale, the application also in the region between 50 W and 1000 W becomes economically practicle. In particular with pump units the application of frequency converters is particularly advantageous since with this, pump units may be provided which on account of the high rotational speed inspite of a relatively small diameter realize a large delivery flow.

[0003] A submersible unit for such a pump unit is for example known from DE 197 27 202 A1. With such an arrangement all components of the frequency converter are to be accommodated within a cylindrical housing of a comparatively small diameter. In contrast however to other applications with which the axial and radial constructional length of the motor where possible is not to be increased, one seeks to arrange the components of the frequency converter in a flat manner on the outer periphery of the motor housing. Again with other applications the frequency converter where possible is to be accommodated in the terminal box of the motor, thus on the rectangular-parallelpiped-shaped housing. Furthermore the construction is to be modified for the respective application such that the waste heat arising in the power part may be reliably led away.

[0004] Since the manufacturing costs of such a frequency converter depend very heavily on the number of pieces to be manufactured, it is desirable for different applications to be able to apply the same componentry or components. It is known to divide up the frequency converter into componentries and to arrange these individual componentries for example in a cicuitboard manner. Functionally a frequency converter consists of an input circuit, of an intermedate circuit and of a power circuit—also called inverse rectifier—as well as of a control and regulation circuit. It is known to integrate the power circuit of the frequency converter into a semiconductor component or into a semiconductor element, to construct the input as well as the intermediate circuit on a common circuitboard as well as the control and regulation circuit on a further circuitboard. With this construction, particularly large construction components such as for example capacitors and coils of the intermediate circuit may be arranged separate from the circuitboard.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Against this background it is the object of the invention to design a frequency converter of the known type such that its application is even more versatile and its manufacture is even more economical.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the inventin by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous formations of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, in the subsequent description and in the drawings

[0007] The basic concept of the present invention is to integrate the lead connections and connections within the frequency converter where possible into one component, specifically into that of the power part—this comprises essentially the power circuit and where appropriate further power electronics such as for example the input circuit. For this the power part is particulary useful to be selected since the power part requires lead connections to the input circuit or to the mains supply, to the intermediate circuit, to the control and regulation circuit and to the motor. These electrical connections may all be integrated into one component, wherein the leads are formed of sheet metal sections, thus from punched sections which on the one hand are inexpensive to manufacture and on the other hand offer a high intrinsic stability and a sufficiently large conducting cross section. These leads lead directly to the circuitboards of the connection components, where they are contacted, be it by way of soldering or welding or also by way of a plug-and-socket connection.

[0008] These components fixed together with the semiconductor component by way of a cast mass are inexpensive to manufacture, and specifically with a differing arrangement of the connections without having to change anything on the basic design construction. Simultaneously these additional design elements may be used for fastening the semiconductor component. The semiconductor component as a rule specifically requires an intensive cooling, which usually is effected by a heat conducting bearing of this onto a heat distributor. Via the cast body which either encompasses the semiconductor component on at least three sides or also encloses it, be it partly or completely, there may be effected a fastening, be it via clamping clips or screw closures, rivets or likewise, without mechanically overloading the semiconductor component.

[0009] The semiconductor component containing the power part is usually rectangular-parallelpiped-shaped and flat, wherein the lead connections are led out at the narrow end-faces. With such a construction it is particularly advantageous when the leads facing the intermediate circuit component are led out to one side of the cast body or of the semiconductor component, the leads facing the control and regulation component to the opposite distant side of the cast body and the leads facing the motor to a side displaced by 90° to this. Disregarding the fact that this arrangement permits a crossing-free leading of the leads, thus a leading of the leads in one plane, this arrangement has the advantage that the intermediate circuit component as well as the control and regulation component, according to application, may be arranged at a different angle to the power component. There may therefore for example be selected an arrangement with which these three components are adapted to the curvature on the outer periphery of a motor. By way of a bending-up about in each case 90° with respect to the power component there may also be achieved an arrangement which becomes essentially rectangular parallelpiped-shaped or is insertable into a cylindrical body. With a straight arrangement in contrast it will result in a two-dimensionally constructed frequency converter. Since the electrical connections leaving the power part are formed by sheet metal sections which usefully lie such that their flat sides lie parallel in the plane of the semiconductor component or parallel thereto, these may be bent up practically in any manner along the sides of the power part component. As long as they in this region are encompassed by the cast body only the cast mould it to be correspondingly adapted or the bending up to be carried out before the cast body is completely solidified.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The invention is hereinafter described in more detail by way of one embodiment example shown in the drawings. There are shown in:

[0011] FIG. 1 in a simplified perspective representation the design and arrangement of the sheet metal sections before the manufacture of the cast body,

[0012] FIG. 2 in the same representation the arrangement after the manufacture of the cast body, wherein the semiconductor component for the purpose of overview is shown outside the cast body and

[0013] FIG. 3 in a schematic representation three possible arrangements of the components of the frequency converter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The semiconductor element 1 shown schematically in FIG. 2 comprises the usual rectangular-parallelpiped and two-dimensional constructional shape usual for such integrated components, with which electrical connections in the form of thin wires (not shown) are led out laterally. The leads are connected by bonding, for example by ultrasound welding, to sheet metal sections 2 which have obtained the constructional shape and arrangement shown in the FIG. 1 by way of punching and cold-forming.

[0015] As is deduced from the FIGS. 1 and 2 the sheet metal sections 2 which simultaneously form electrical conductors are arranged in three groups. There is a first group of in total eighteen sheet metal sections 2 which are bent up by about 90° and extend to one side of the semiconductor element 1. Lying opposite there is formed a further group 4 of sheet metal sections which consists of three sheet metal sections which likewise are bent up by about 90° out of the plane of the semiconductor element 1, but in the opposite direction to those of the group 3. These sheet metal sections furthermore have a greater length than those previously mentioned. The group 5 finally which encloses the group 4 of sheet metal sections 2, consists of a pair of three sheet metal sections which in each case are bent up twice by 90°, however in opposite diecrions, so that the free ends of the sheet metal sections of the group 5 extend in a plane located parallel to the semiconductor element 1. Finally there are provided two sheet metal sections which extend to the two other longitudinal sides of the semiconductor element and have a purely mechanical function.

[0016] The groups 3, 4, 5 of sheet metal sections 2 as well as the two sheet metal sections 6 are positioned in a common cast body 7 and mechanically connected to one another. The cast body 7 encompasses in the shown embodiment the semiconductor element 1 on all four sides so that it is incorporated and protected by the cast body 7 in a frame-like manner. The sheet metal sections 6 serve the fastening of the whole power part component 8 formed in this manner. The cast body 7 consisting of plastic is not electrically conducting.

[0017] With the present embodiment form furthermore there is provided a further cast body 9 which encompasses a part of the sheet metal sections of the group 4. This cast body 9 holds the sheet metal sections embedded therein in their position to one another and insulates them simultaneously in this region from the surroundings. The group 4 represents the connection leading to the motor which is to be activated by the frequency converter. As is deduced from FIG. 2 the free ends of the sheet metal sections 2 of the groups 3 and 5 are designed in a slimline tapering manner so that they form the plug-side part of a plug-and-socket connection whose bushing-side part is arranged on circuitboards, and specifically on a circuitboard 10 shown schematically in FIG. 3 and forming the control and regulation component as well as on a circuitboard 11 accommodating the intermediate circuit which may also comprise parts of the input circuit. This intermediate circuit component is connected via the group 5 of the sheet metal sections 2 and likewise comprises suitable receivers for the plugs formed by way of the sheet metal sections 2 of the group 5.

[0018] The mechanical fastening of the whole power part component formed in this way is effected usefully via the lateral sheet metal sections 6 such that the semiconductor component 1 bears directly on the heat distributor in order to lead away the waste heat arising here.

[0019] The semiconductor element 1 which here is not described in detail comprises at least the power electronics of the power part, in the present embodiment example however also the rectifier of the input circuit. The bending-up of the free ends of the sheet metal sections may, as the finished cast shape according to FIG. 2 makes clear, be also varied after the casting by way of cold-deformation. It may also be envisaged to correspondingly deform the sheet metal sections before the casting, depending on the arrangement of the further componentries. In any case with such a design of the power part there result numerous possibilities of arranging the componentries to one another. In FIG. 3 there are shown three possiblities of these by way of example. With the embodiment according to FIG. 3a the power component lies essentially in the same plane as the intermediate circuit component 11 as well as the control and regulation component 10 which are arranged to both sides of the power component 8. The lead connection to the motor is effected perpendicularly thereto. With the embodiment according to FIG. 3b the circuitboards of the control and regulation circuit 10 as well as of the intermediate circuit are arranged perpendicular to the power part component 8, i.e. to the plane in which the semiconductor element 1 lies. In this manner the frequency convertor may be arranged in a rectangular-parallelpiped-shaped housing.

[0020] The arrangement according to FIG. 3c shows how the previously mentioned three components 8, 10 and 11 may be arranged following the outer periphery of the motor housing 12. Also with this embodiment the lead connection is effected via the group 4 of sheet metal sections 2 perpendicularly downwards to the motor.

[0021] As is to be deduced from these arrangements which are not conclusive and are to be understood only as an example, the power part component 8 with its sheet metal sections 2 incorporated into a frame-like cast body 7 allows an inexpensive solution of the electrical and mechanical connection of the individual componentries.

List of Reference Numerals

[0022] 1 —semiconductor component

[0023] 2 —sheet metal sections

[0024] 3 —group of sheet metal sections to the control and regulation component

[0025] 4 —group of sheet metal sections to the motor connection

[0026] 5 —group of sheet metal sections to the intermediate circuit component

[0027] 6 —sheet metal sections for the fastening

[0028] 7 —cast body

[0029] 8 —power part component

[0030] 9 —cast body of the group 4

[0031] 10 —control and regulation part

[0032] 11 —intermediate circuit part

[0033] 12 —motor

Claims

1. A frequency converter for an electrical motor essentially consisting of a power part integrated in a common semiconductor component, of a component (intermediate circuit component) accommodating at least the intermediate circuit electronics and of a component (control and regulation component) accommodating the control and regulation electronics, wherein the electrical connections from the semiconductor component of the power part to the intermediate circuit component and from the semiconductor component of the power part to the control and regulation component are formed by sheet metal connections which are positioned and mechanically connected to one another by way of a common cast body and wherein the intermediate circuit component and the control and regulation component in each case comprise a circuitboard, and the leads of the power part which are formed by these sheet metal sections connect to these circuitboards.

2. A frequency converter according to claim 1, wherein the leads leading from the semiconductor component of the power part to the motor are likewise formed by sheet metal sections which are held in the cast body and connect to the motor.

3. A frequency converter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cast body encompasses the semiconductor component at at least three sides.

4. A frequency converter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cast body forms a mounting for the frequency converter.

5. A frequency converter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein free ends of sheet metal sections form parts of plug-and-socket connections to at least one connection component.

6. A frequency converter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheet metal sections are formed by punching or laser cutting.

7. A frequency converter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the leads facing the intermediate circuit component are led out to one side of the cast body, the leads facing the control and regulation component are led out to the opposite distant side of the cast body and the leads facing the motor are led out to a side diplaced by 90° to this.

8. A frequency converter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lead connections of the semiconductor component are conductingly connected by way of welding to the sheet metal sections.