Patent Grant
11653388
This application claims the benefit of Indian Provisional Patent Application No. 201941005869, entitled, “FDM RACH RESOURCE CONFIGURATION AND SELECTION FOR NR-U,” filed on Feb. 14, 2019, which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to frequency division multiplex (FDM) random access configuration and selection for new radio (NR) unlicensed (NR-U) operations.
Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These wireless networks may be multiple-access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing the available network resources. Such networks, which are usually multiple access networks, support communications for multiple users by sharing the available network resources. One example of such a network is the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN). The UTRAN is the radio access network (RAN) defined as a part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a third generation (3G) mobile phone technology supported by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Examples of multiple-access network formats include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) networks, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) networks, Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, and Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks.
A wireless communication network may include a number of base stations or node Bs that can support communication for a number of user equipments (UEs). A UE may communicate with a base station via downlink and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base station to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station.
A base station may transmit data and control information on the downlink to a UE and/or may receive data and control information on the uplink from the UE. On the downlink, a transmission from the base station may encounter interference due to transmissions from neighbor base stations or from other wireless radio frequency (RF) transmitters. On the uplink, a transmission from the UE may encounter interference from uplink transmissions of other UEs communicating with the neighbor base stations or from other wireless RF transmitters. This interference may degrade performance on both the downlink and uplink.
As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, the possibilities of interference and congested networks grows with more UEs accessing the long-range wireless communication networks and more short-range wireless systems being deployed in communities. Research and development continue to advance wireless technologies not only to meet the growing demand for mobile broadband access, but to advance and enhance the user experience with mobile communications.
In one aspect of the disclosure, a method of wireless communication includes detecting, by a user equipment (UE), a random access configuration message identifying one or more random access occasions on a plurality of frequency bands, transmitting, by the UE, a random access request to a base station at a selected random access resource of the one or more random access occasions on a selected frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands, monitoring, by the UE, a downlink frequency for a random access response in response to the random access request, and transmitting, by the UE, a connection request to the base station in response to detection of the random access response.
In an additional aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus configured for wireless communication includes means for detecting, by a UE, a random access configuration message identifying one or more random access occasions on a plurality of frequency bands, means for transmitting, by the UE, a random access request to a base station at a selected random access resource of the one or more random access occasions on a selected frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands, means for monitoring, by the UE, a downlink frequency for a random access response in response to the random access request, and means for transmitting, by the UE, a connection request to the base station in response to detection of the random access response.
In an additional aspect of the disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon. The program code further includes code to detect, by a UE, random access configuration message identifying one or more random access occasions on a plurality of frequency bands, code to transmit, by the UE, a random access request to a base station at a selected random access resource of the one or more random access occasions on a selected frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands, code to monitor, by the UE, a downlink frequency for a random access response in response to the random access request, and code to transmit, by the UE, a connection request to the base station in response to detection of the random access response.
In an additional aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus configured for wireless communication is disclosed. The apparatus includes at least one processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor is configured to detect, by a UE, a random access configuration message identifying one or more random access occasions on a plurality of frequency bands, to transmit, by the UE, a random access request to a base station at a selected random access resource of the one or more random access occasions on a selected frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands, to monitor, by the UE, a downlink frequency for a random access response in response to the random access request, and to transmit, by the UE, a connection request to the base station in response to detection of the random access response.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.
A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized by reference to the following drawings. In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label.
The detailed description set forth below, in connection with the appended drawings, is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Rather, the detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the inventive subject matter. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in every case and that, in some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form for clarity of presentation.
This disclosure relates generally to providing or participating in authorized shared access between two or more wireless communications systems, also referred to as wireless communications networks. In various embodiments, the techniques and apparatus may be used for wireless communication networks such as code division multiple access (CDMA) networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, 5th Generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks, as well as other communications networks. As described herein, the terms “networks” and “systems” may be used interchangeably.
An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology such as evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash-OFDM and the like. UTRA, E-UTRA, and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) are part of universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS). In particular, long term evolution (LTE) is a release of UMTS that uses E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS and LTE are described in documents provided from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP), and cdma2000 is described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2). These various radio technologies and standards are known or are being developed. For example, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a collaboration between groups of telecommunications associations that aims to define a globally applicable third generation (3G) mobile phone specification. 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) is a 3GPP project which was aimed at improving the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) mobile phone standard. The 3GPP may define specifications for the next generation of mobile networks, mobile systems, and mobile devices. The present disclosure is concerned with the evolution of wireless technologies from LTE, 4G, 5G, NR, and beyond with shared access to wireless spectrum between networks using a collection of new and different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces.
In particular, 5G networks contemplate diverse deployments, diverse spectrum, and diverse services and devices that may be implemented using an OFDM-based unified, air interface. In order to achieve these goals, further enhancements to LTE and LTE-A are considered in addition to development of the new radio technology for 5G NR networks. The 5G NR will be capable of scaling to provide coverage (1) to a massive Internet of things (IoTs) with an ultra-high density (e.g., μ1M nodes/km2), ultra-low complexity (e.g., ˜10 s of bits/sec), ultra-low energy (e.g., ˜10+ years of battery life), and deep coverage with the capability to reach challenging locations; (2) including mission-critical control with strong security to safeguard sensitive personal, financial, or classified information, ultra-high reliability (e.g., ˜99.9999% reliability), ultra-low latency (e.g., ˜1 ms), and users with wide ranges of mobility or lack thereof; and (3) with enhanced mobile broadband including extreme high capacity (e.g., ˜10 Tbps/km2), extreme data rates (e.g., multi-Gbps rate, 100+ Mbps user experienced rates), and deep awareness with advanced discovery and optimizations.
The 5G NR may be implemented to use optimized OFDM-based waveforms with scalable numerology and transmission time interval (TTI); having a common, flexible framework to efficiently multiplex services and features with a dynamic, low-latency time division duplex (TDD)/frequency division duplex (FDD) design; and with advanced wireless technologies, such as massive multiple input, multiple output (MIMO), robust millimeter wave (mmWave) transmissions, advanced channel coding, and device-centric mobility. Scalability of the numerology in 5G NR, with scaling of subcarrier spacing, may efficiently address operating diverse services across diverse spectrum and diverse deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments of less than 3 GHz FDD/TDD implementations, subcarrier spacing may occur with 15 kHz, for example over 1, 5, 10, 20 MHz, and the like bandwidth. For other various outdoor and small cell coverage deployments of TDD greater than 3 GHz, subcarrier spacing may occur with 30 kHz over 80/100 MHz bandwidth. For other various indoor wideband implementations, using a TDD over the unlicensed portion of the 5 GHz band, the subcarrier spacing may occur with 60 kHz over a 160 MHz bandwidth. Finally, for various deployments transmitting with mmWave components at a TDD of 28 GHz, subcarrier spacing may occur with 120 kHz over a 500 MHz bandwidth.
The scalable numerology of the 5G NR facilitates scalable TTI for diverse latency and quality of service (QoS) requirements. For example, shorter TTI may be used for low latency and high reliability, while longer TTI may be used for higher spectral efficiency. The efficient multiplexing of long and short TTIs to allow transmissions to start on symbol boundaries. 5G NR also contemplates a self-contained integrated subframe design with uplink/downlink scheduling information, data, and acknowledgement in the same subframe. The self-contained integrated subframe supports communications in unlicensed or contention-based shared spectrum, adaptive uplink/downlink that may be flexibly configured on a per-cell basis to dynamically switch between uplink and downlink to meet the current traffic needs.
Various other aspects and features of the disclosure are further described below. It should be apparent that the teachings herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure, function, or both being disclosed herein is merely representative and not limiting. Based on the teachings herein one of an ordinary level of skill in the art should appreciate that an aspect disclosed herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such an apparatus may be implemented or such a method may be practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein. For example, a method may be implemented as part of a system, device, apparatus, and/or as instructions stored on a computer readable medium for execution on a processor or computer. Furthermore, an aspect may comprise at least one element of a claim.
A base station may provide communication coverage for a macro cell or a small cell, such as a pico cell or a femto cell, and/or other types of cell. A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell, such as a pico cell, would generally cover a relatively smaller geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell, such as a femto cell, would also generally cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and, in addition to unrestricted access, may also provide restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs for users in the home, and the like). A base station for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. A base station for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell base station, a pico base station, a femto base station or a home base station. In the example shown in
The 5G network 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time.
The UEs 115 are dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also be referred to as a terminal, a mobile station, a subscriber unit, a station, or the like. A UE may be a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, or the like. In one aspect, a UE may be a device that includes a Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC). In another aspect, a UE may be a device that does not include a UICC. In some aspects, UEs that do not include UICCs may also be referred to as internet of everything (IoE) or internet of things (IoT) devices. UEs 115a-115d are examples of mobile smart phone-type devices accessing 5G network 100 A UE may also be a machine specifically configured for connected communication, including machine type communication (MTC), enhanced MTC (eMTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and the like. UEs 115e-115k are examples of various machines configured for communication that access 5G network 100. A UE may be able to communicate with any type of the base stations, whether macro base station, small cell, or the like. In
In operation at 5G network 100, base stations 105a-105c serve UEs 115a and 115b using 3D beamforming and coordinated spatial techniques, such as coordinated multipoint (CoMP) or multi-connectivity. Macro base station 105d performs backhaul communications with base stations 105a-105c, as well as small cell, base station 105f. Macro base station 105d also transmits multicast services which are subscribed to and received by UEs 115c and 115d. Such multicast services may include mobile television or stream video, or may include other services for providing community information, such as weather emergencies or alerts, such as Amber alerts or gray alerts.
5G network 100 also support mission critical communications with ultra-reliable and redundant links for mission critical devices, such UE 115e, which is a drone. Redundant communication links with UE 115e include from macro base stations 105d and 105e, as well as small cell base station 105f. Other machine type devices, such as UE 115f (thermometer), UE 115g (smart meter), and UE 115h (wearable device) may communicate through 5G network 100 either directly with base stations, such as small cell base station 105f, and macro base station 105e, or in multi-hop configurations by communicating with another user device which relays its information to the network, such as UE 115f communicating temperature measurement information to the smart meter, UE 115g, which is then reported to the network through small cell base station 105f. 5G network 100 may also provide additional network efficiency through dynamic, low-latency TDD/FDD communications, such as in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) mesh network between UEs 115i-115k communicating with macro base station 105e.
At the UE 115, the antennas 252a through 252r may receive the downlink signals from the base station 105 and may provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) 254a through 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 115 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor 280.
On the uplink, at the UE 115, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (e.g., for the PUSCH) from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for the PUCCH) from the controller/processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 105. At the base station 105, the uplink signals from the UE 115 may be received by the antennas 234, processed by the demodulators 232, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 115. The processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller/processor 240.
The controllers/processors 240 and 280 may direct the operation at the base station 105 and the UE 115, respectively. The controller/processor 240 and/or other processors and modules at the base station 105 may perform or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein. The controllers/processor 280 and/or other processors and modules at the UE 115 may also perform or direct the execution of the functional blocks illustrated in
Wireless communications systems operated by different network operating entities (e.g., network operators) may share spectrum. In some instances, a network operating entity may be configured to use an entirety of a designated shared spectrum for at least a period of time before another network operating entity uses the entirety of the designated shared spectrum for a different period of time. Thus, in order to allow network operating entities use of the full designated shared spectrum, and in order to mitigate interfering communications between the different network operating entities, certain resources (e.g., time) may be partitioned and allocated to the different network operating entities for certain types of communication.
For example, a network operating entity may be allocated certain time resources reserved for exclusive communication by the network operating entity using the entirety of the shared spectrum. The network operating entity may also be allocated other time resources where the entity is given priority over other network operating entities to communicate using the shared spectrum. These time resources, prioritized for use by the network operating entity, may be utilized by other network operating entities on an opportunistic basis if the prioritized network operating entity does not utilize the resources. Additional time resources may be allocated for any network operator to use on an opportunistic basis.
Access to the shared spectrum and the arbitration of time resources among different network operating entities may be centrally controlled by a separate entity, autonomously determined by a predefined arbitration scheme, or dynamically determined based on interactions between wireless nodes of the network operators.
In some cases, UE 115 and base station 105 of the 5G network 100 (in
Use of a medium-sensing procedure to contend for access to an unlicensed shared spectrum may result in communication inefficiencies. This may be particularly evident when multiple network operating entities (e.g., network operators) are attempting to access a shared resource. In the 5G network 100, base stations 105 and UEs 115 may be operated by the same or different network operating entities. In some examples, an individual base station 105 or UE 115 may be operated by more than one network operating entity. In other examples, each base station 105 and UE 115 may be operated by a single network operating entity. Requiring each base station 105 and UE 115 of different network operating entities to contend for shared resources may result in increased signaling overhead and communication latency.
The A-INT 310 may be a dedicated interval of the superframe 305 that is reserved for exclusive communications by the network operating entities. In some examples, each network operating entity may be allocated certain resources within the A-INT 310 for exclusive communications. For example, resources 330-a may be reserved for exclusive communications by Operator A, such as through base station 105a, resources 330-b may be reserved for exclusive communications by Operator B, such as through base station 105b, and resources 330-c may be reserved for exclusive communications by Operator C, such as through base station 105c. Since the resources 330-a are reserved for exclusive communications by Operator A, neither Operator B nor Operator C can communicate during resources 330-a, even if Operator A chooses not to communicate during those resources. That is, access to exclusive resources is limited to the designated network operator. Similar restrictions apply to resources 330-b for Operator B and resources 330-c for Operator C. The wireless nodes of Operator A (e.g, UEs 115 or base stations 105) may communicate any information desired during their exclusive resources 330-a, such as control information or data.
When communicating over an exclusive resource, a network operating entity does not need to perform any medium sensing procedures (e.g., listen-before-talk (LBT) or clear channel assessment (CCA)) because the network operating entity knows that the resources are reserved. Because only the designated network operating entity may communicate over exclusive resources, there may be a reduced likelihood of interfering communications as compared to relying on medium sensing techniques alone (e.g., no hidden node problem). In some examples, the A-INT 310 is used to transmit control information, such as synchronization signals (e.g., SYNC signals), system information (e.g., system information blocks (SIBs)), paging information (e.g., physical broadcast channel (PBCH) messages), or random access information (e.g., random access channel (RACH) signals). In some examples, all of the wireless nodes associated with a network operating entity may transmit at the same time during their exclusive resources.
In some examples, resources may be classified as prioritized for certain network operating entities. Resources that are assigned with priority for a certain network operating entity may be referred to as a guaranteed interval (G-INT) for that network operating entity. The interval of resources used by the network operating entity during the G-INT may be referred to as a prioritized sub-interval. For example, resources 335-a may be prioritized for use by Operator A and may therefore be referred to as a G-INT for Operator A (e.g., G-INT-OpA). Similarly, resources 335-b may be prioritized for Operator B (e.g., G-INT-OpB), resources 335-c may be prioritized for Operator C, resources 335-d may be prioritized for Operator A, resources 335-e (e.g., G-INT-OpC) may be prioritized for Operator B, and resources 335-f may be prioritized for Operator C.
The various G-INT resources illustrated in
When resources are assigned with priority for a certain network operating entity (e.g., a G-INT), that network operating entity may communicate using those resources without having to wait or perform any medium sensing procedures (e.g., LBT or CCA). For example, the wireless nodes of Operator A are free to communicate any data or control information during resources 335-a without interference from the wireless nodes of Operator B or Operator C.
A network operating entity may additionally signal to another operator that it intends to use a particular G-INT. For example, referring to resources 335-a, Operator A may signal to Operator B and Operator C that it intends to use resources 335-a. Such signaling may be referred to as an activity indication. Moreover, since Operator A has priority over resources 335-a, Operator A may be considered as a higher priority operator than both Operator B and Operator C. However, as discussed above, Operator A does not have to send signaling to the other network operating entities to ensure interference-free transmission during resources 335-a because the resources 335-a are assigned with priority to Operator A.
Similarly, a network operating entity may signal to another network operating entity that it intends not to use a particular G-INT. This signaling may also be referred to as an activity indication. For example, referring to resources 335-b, Operator B may signal to Operator A and Operator C that it intends not to use the resources 335-b for communication, even though the resources are assigned with priority to Operator B. With reference to resources 335-b, Operator B may be considered a higher priority network operating entity than Operator A and Operator C. In such cases, Operators A and C may attempt to use resources of sub-interval 320 on an opportunistic basis. Thus, from the perspective of Operator A, the sub-interval 320 that contains resources 335-b may be considered an opportunistic interval (O-INT) for Operator A (e.g., O-INT-OpA). For illustrative purposes, resources 340-a may represent the O-INT for Operator A. Also, from the perspective of Operator C, the same sub-interval 320 may represent an O-INT for Operator C with corresponding resources 340-b. Resources 340-a, 335-b, and 340-b all represent the same time resources (e.g., a particular sub-interval 320), but are identified separately to signify that the same resources may be considered as a G-INT for some network operating entities and yet as an O-INT for others.
To utilize resources on an opportunistic basis, Operator A and Operator C may perform medium-sensing procedures to check for communications on a particular channel before transmitting data. For example, if Operator B decides not to use resources 335-b (e.g., G-INT-OpB), then Operator A may use those same resources (e.g., represented by resources 340-a) by first checking the channel for interference (e.g., LBT) and then transmitting data if the channel was determined to be clear. Similarly, if Operator C wanted to access resources on an opportunistic basis during sub-interval 320 (e.g., use an O-INT represented by resources 340-b) in response to an indication that Operator B was not going to use its G-INT (e.g., resources 335-b), Operator C may perform a medium sensing procedure and access the resources if available. In some cases, two operators (e.g., Operator A and Operator C) may attempt to access the same resources, in which case the operators may employ contention-based procedures to avoid interfering communications. The operators may also have sub-priorities assigned to them designed to determine which operator may gain access to resources if more than operator is attempting access simultaneously. For example, Operator A may have priority over Operator C during sub-interval 320 when Operator B is not using resources 335-b (e.g., G-INT-OpB). It is noted that in another sub-interval (not shown) Operator C may have priority over Operator A when Operator B is not using its G-INT.
In some examples, a network operating entity may intend not to use a particular G-INT assigned to it, but may not send out an activity indication that conveys the intent not to use the resources. In such cases, for a particular sub-interval 320, lower priority operating entities may be configured to monitor the channel to determine whether a higher priority operating entity is using the resources. If a lower priority operating entity determines through LBT or similar method that a higher priority operating entity is not going to use its G-INT resources, then the lower priority operating entities may attempt to access the resources on an opportunistic basis as described above.
In some examples, access to a G-INT or O-INT may be preceded by a reservation signal (e.g., request-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS)), and the contention window (CW) may be randomly chosen between one and the total number of operating entities.
In some examples, an operating entity may employ or be compatible with coordinated multipoint (CoMP) communications. For example an operating entity may employ CoMP and dynamic time division duplex (TDD) in a G-INT and opportunistic CoMP in an O-INT as needed.
In the example illustrated in
In some examples, each subframe 325 may contain 14 symbols (e.g., 250-μs for 60 kHz tone spacing). These subframes 325 may be standalone, self-contained Interval-Cs (ITCs) or the subframes 325 may be a part of a long ITC. An ITC may be a self-contained transmission starting with a downlink transmission and ending with an uplink transmission. In some embodiments, an ITC may contain one or more subframes 325 operating contiguously upon medium occupation. In some cases, there may be a maximum of eight network operators in an A-INT 310 (e.g., with duration of 2 ms) assuming a 250-μs transmission opportunity.
Although three operators are illustrated in
It should be understood that the coordination framework described with reference to
One of the difficulties of using unlicensed band channels for services that demand a higher quality of service (QoS) is the channel acquisition failure caused by consistent listen before talk (LBT) failure. A similarly effect has also been seen in connection establishment of a cell as random access procedures can also be delayed due to consistent LBT failures. One suggestion to address these limitations has been to increase the number of random access occasions (e.g., PRACH occasions) in the time and/or frequency domains, thus, allowing more opportunities for the UE to access the channel. The various aspects of the present disclosure provide different proposed solutions for providing additional random access opportunities in the frequency domain.
For idle mode UEs, the initial active bandwidth part (BWP) may be fixed to 20 MHz bandwidth, which is assumed to be minimum bandwidth for performing LBT operation. Hence, LBT failure before PRACH occasion on initial active BWP implies that a UE may not be able to perform PRACH transmission. When there is high congestion observed in the initial active BWP, an idle mode UE may observe increased delays and a low reliability in sending random access transmissions.
At block 400, a UE detects a system information message, wherein the system information message includes a random access configuration identifying one or more random access occasions on a plurality of frequency bands. A UE, such as UE 115, may be in an idle mode and detect system information signals for a particular cell or base station via antennas 252a-r and wireless radios 900a-r. The network on which the cell or base station operates can configure multiple frequency bands for random access transmission using various system information broadcasts or signals, such as the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) signal, master information block (MIB), system information blocks (SIBs), and the like. One of these frequency bands may be the initial active BWP that UE 115 may be allocated for random access, while the other frequency bands may refer to a supplementary uplink carrier, an uplink BWP, or any individual frequency resources outside of the initial active BWP. Such additional frequency bands may be configured either only for random access transmissions (e.g., only configured with random access resources) or may be configured for all uplink channels and transmissions.
At block 401, the UE transmits a random access request to a base station at a selected random access resource of the one or more random access occasions on a selected frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands. As a part of the initial access random access procedure, UE 115, under control of controller/processor 280, executes random access logic 901, stored in memory 282. The execution environment of random access logic 901 provide the functionality for UE 115 to perform random access procedures. According to the initial access random access procedure, UE 115 may transmit a random access request, or Msg1 of the random access procedure, to the target base station via wireless radios 900a-r and antennas 252a-r.
At block 402, the UE monitors a downlink frequency for a random access response in response to the random access request. The downlink frequency monitored by UE 115 may be the downlink resource of the initial active BWP. Alternatively, other downlink resources may be configured associated with the additional frequency bands configured for the random access transmissions. For example, for each uplink BWP where random access resources are available, the network may configure a downlink BWP for random access response (RAR) reception. UE 115 would receive configuration of these specified downlink frequency band via configuration signals from a serving or target base station via antennas 252a-r and wireless radios 900a-r. If no such downlink BWP is configured for a supplementary uplink BWP, then UE 115 may receive the RAR within the downlink resources of the initial active BWP. In an optional aspect, for each supplementary uplink carrier configured for random access, the network may configure a supplementary downlink carrier to receive the RAR. This configuration may include physical cell identifier (PCI) information and other cell specific configuration. If no such downlink carrier is configured for a supplementary uplink carrier, UE 115 may receive the RAR within the primary downlink carrier where the synchronization signal block (SSB) is received.
At block 403, the UE transmits a connection request to the base station in response to detection of the random access response. Within the execution environment of random access logic 901, UE 115, upon successful receipt of an RAR message, would transmit a connection request or Msg3 of the random access procedure. The connection request would be transmitted to the target base station via wireless radios 900a-r and antennas 252a-r.
NR networks currently allow connected mode UEs, such as UE 115, to perform UE-triggered random access transmissions using only the random access resources of a primary cell (PCell) within the active BWP, if random access resources are available, and the initial active BWP. Because random access resources can be configured in non-active bandwidth parts and secondary cells, various additional aspects of the present disclosure provide for connected mode UEs to select one of the configured bandwidth parts/secondary cells for performing autonomous random access without receiving any random access trigger from a base station or the network during a radio resource control (RRC) connected state.
It should be noted that alternative aspects of the present disclosure may provide for the default BWP to always be enabled as a default configuration known to UE 115. Thus, even where UE 115 fails to receive the autonomous random access configuration from base station 105, UE 115 may always elect to perform UE-triggered random access on the initial access BWP or default BWP.
Within the current standard provisions for NR release 15 (Rel-15), contention-free random access (CFRA) resources may be provided for a single BWP of a target cell. According to an additional aspect illustrated by
CFRA resources can be configured on a subset of random access occasions within a given frequency band. The remaining random access resources may contain CBRA resources. In current NR Rel-15 standards, which provides for configuration of CFRA resources on a single frequency band, a UE, such as UE 115, should use the frequency band where CFRA resources are configured. As noted previously, each such CFRA resource may be associated with a set of SSB or CSI-RS(s). UE 115 can use the CFRA resources when the signal strength of one of the associated SSB or CSI-RS(s) exceeds a predefined threshold signal strength. According to the aspects described herein, UE 115 can prioritize the default frequency bands where CFRA resources are configured, but may revert to any of the remaining frequency bands when the signal strength of the reference signal associated with the CFRA resources fails to exceed the threshold.
At block 600, detects a random access configuration message identifying one or more random access occasions on a plurality of frequency bands. The random access configuration message may include a system information message, such as a master information block (MIB), system information block (SIB), remaining minimum system information (RMSI), or the like. A UE, such as UE 115, may detect the random access configuration message through system information signals or dedicated semi-static signals for a particular cell or base station via antennas 252a-r and wireless radios 900a-r. As noted previously, the network on which the cell or base station operates can configure multiple frequency bands for random access transmission using various system information broadcasts or semi-static configuration signals, such as the RMSI MIB, SIBs, dedicated RRC messages, and the like. One of these frequency bands may be the default or initially active frequency band that UE 115 may be allocated for random access, while the other frequency bands may refer to a supplementary frequency band (e.g., uplink carrier, an uplink BWP, or any individual frequency resources outside of the initial active BWP). All of the available frequency bands would have various random access resources allocated or configured thereon, whether CFRA or CBRA resources. The random access configuration information, including the multiple frequency bands and the identification of CFRA and CBRA resources may be stored in memory 282 at random access configuration 902. If CFRA resources are configured, for example, in the default frequency band, UE 115 would prioritize the default frequency band for performing random access.
At block 601, the UE determines a signal strength of a reference signal indicated with a CFRA resource configured in a default frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands. When determining to perform a random access procedure, whether UE-triggered or triggered from network signaling, UE 115, under control of controller/processor 280, executes random access logic 901. The execution environment of random access logic 901 provides UE 115 the functionality of performing the random access procedure. Within the execution environment of random access logic 901, UE 115 determines the signal strength of the reference signal (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, etc.) associated with the CFRA resources allocated on the default frequency band. Under control of controller/processor 280, UE 115 executes measurement logic 903, in memory 282, to provide the measurement functionality. The relevant reference signals received via antennas 252a-r and wireless radios 900a-r are measured for signal strength.
At block 602, the UE prioritizes random access on the CFRA resource of the default frequency band in response to the signal strength exceeding a threshold signal strength. Within the execution environment of random access logic 901, UE 115 determines whether the measured signal strength of the reference signal associated with the CFRA resources exceeds a predefined threshold. When any of the reference signals associated with the CFRA resources satisfy the random access transmission criteria (e.g., exceeds the threshold signal strength), UE 115 selects the default frequency band where the CFRA resources are available for random access transmissions.
At block 603, the UE selects a random access resource in another frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands in response to the signal strength within the threshold signal strength. After measuring the signal strength of the reference signal associated with the CFRA resources on the default frequency band in block 602 using measurement logic 903, if the measured signal strength fails to meet the threshold, then UE 115 can select any other of the configured multiple frequency bands where random access resources are available. The other frequency bands may also be configured with either CBRA or CFRA resources, or both.
According to additional aspects, a fallback priority may provide for UE 115 to select one of the other frequency bands where CFRA resources are configured when the random access criteria are not met on the default frequency band. In such additional aspect, would again evaluate the random access criteria of the newly selected frequency band (e.g., measure the reference signals corresponding to the CFRA resources of the new frequency band. UE 115 may then transmit random access transmissions using the CFRA resources of the newly selected frequency band if the random access criteria are met (e.g., signal strength exceeding the threshold) or further fallback to the CBRA resources on any of the configured frequency bands.
In scenarios in which there is a wideband BWP, downlink control signal instruction 700 can indicate the specific subbands where base station 105 has acquired the COT. UE 115 can use downlink control signal instruction 700 to prioritize the random access resources for specific ones of frequency bands 1-4. As noted, each of frequency bands 1-4 may include a BWP, a cell, or a subband. Accordingly, after receiving downlink control signal instruction 700, UE 115 may prioritize frequency band 1-701 for performing random access, even where frequency bands 3 and 4-702 were prioritized for random access within the random access configuration.
In an alternative aspect, downlink control signal instruction 700 can indicate the specific frequency band that UE 115 can use to prioritize for random access. Downlink control signal instruction 700 may also indicate the channel access priority to be used for the indicated frequency band. For example, downlink control signal instruction 700 may indicate a time value for which the frequency band information and channel access priority are deemed valid. Depending on the capabilities of UE 115, with the information on the time duration provided within downlink control signal instruction 700 for using the identified frequency bands, UE 115 may perform random access only on the identified frequency band(s), frequency band 1, as illustrated in
In an additional aspect of the present disclosure illustrated by
As described above, downlink control signal instruction 700 may indicate a time value for which the network has acquired COT. In such case, UE 115 may use an abbreviated LBT procedure (e.g., category 2 LBT) for the random access resources within frequency band 1, where downlink control signal instruction 700 is received for the time duration indicated by downlink control signal instruction 700. Again, depending on the capabilities of UE 115, UE 115 may perform random access only on one of the identified frequency bands where downlink control signal instruction 700 is received. Otherwise, where UE 115 is capable of performing LBT on multiple frequency bands simultaneously, UE 115 may perform an LBT procedure on one or more of the configured frequency bands (e.g., frequency bands 1, 3, and 4) in parallel and, where one of the frequency bands on which downlink control signal instruction 700 is received has a successful LBT, UE 115 may perform random access transmission on that frequency band (e.g., frequency band 1).
In example operation of such aspects, base station 105 may signal to UE 115 either a congestion level for each of frequency bands 1, 3, 4 or a priority value (priority values 800-802). When receiving a congestion level, UE 115 may determine priority value 800-802 for each of frequency bands 1, 3, 4 when determining to select a band for random access. UE 115 may then select the frequency band, frequency band 1 having the best priority value.
In an alternative aspect illustrated by
NR operations currently define allowing for autonomous random access transmission using the PCell random access resources within either the active BWP, if random access resources are available, and the initial active BWP. This standard concept can be extended in additional aspects of the present disclosure to allow more random access opportunities in other BWPs and secondary cells (SCells). In one such example aspect that may also be illustrated by
In an additional aspect of the present disclosure in which a set of serving cells or supplementary uplinks is configured, UE 115 may select a carrier (e.g., frequency bands 1, 3, or 4) for random access based on either UE 115 selecting any carrier where random access resources are configured, or, UE 115 may select any carrier, but only if LBT failure is detected in the primary UL carrier, or, UE 115 may select any carrier, but only if interference or congestion measurement or LBT failures on the primary UL carrier is greater than a threshold, or, UE 115 selecting a UL carrier which has minimum value of interference or congestion measurement r LBT failures, or, based on the capabilities of UE 115, UE 115 performing an LBT procedure on multiple carriers. UE 115 can then select a carrier where LBT succeeds.
In NR Rel-15, a UE, such as UE 115, may transmit the connection request or Msg3 of the random access procedure in the same cell used for PRACH transmission. UE 115 uses the BWP, as configured by higher layers. For a non-standalone scenario (e.g., license assisted access (LAA) type), the RAR would be received on the PCell, which can indicate which frequency band is acquired by base station 105. The resources used for the connection request or Msg 3 can be scheduled where interference is low or where base station 105 has acquired a COT. In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, the RAR can indicate the serving cell to be used for connection request or Msg3 transmission. This information can also be implicit, such that UE 115 performs connection request or Msg3 transmission on the same cell where the RAR is received. In an alternative aspect, the RAR can indicate a BWP to be used by UE 115 for connection request or Msg3 transmission.
Those of skill in the art would understand that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
The functional blocks and modules in
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure. Skilled artisans will also readily recognize that the order or combination of components, methods, or interactions that are described herein are merely examples and that the components, methods, or interactions of the various aspects of the present disclosure may be combined or performed in ways other than those illustrated and described herein.
The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the disclosure herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Computer-readable storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, a connection may be properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL), then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or DSL, are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
As used herein, including in the claims, the term “and/or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and/or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination. Also, as used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items prefaced by “at least one of” indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) or any of these in any combination thereof.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 201941005869 | Feb 2019 | IN | national |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20160192376 | Lee | Jun 2016 | A1 |
| 20190313449 | Tsai | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20190327769 | Yang | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| 20200221506 | Jeon | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200229241 | Jeon | Jul 2020 | A1 |
| 20200404708 | Zhang | Dec 2020 | A1 |
| 20210153262 | Mochizuki | May 2021 | A1 |
| 20220007433 | Liu | Jan 2022 | A1 |
| 20220078718 | Hoshino | Mar 2022 | A1 |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20200267771 A1 | Aug 2020 | US |
