Claims
- 1. A fuel composition comprising:a symmetrical dialkyl carbonate; at least one combustible metal or metallic compound containing at least one metallic elements; a hydrocarbon base fuel; and an oxidizer; wherein said fuel composition has a pH of from 6.3 to 6.9 and is operative for igniting and combusting the metal or metallic compound in the presence of kinetic free radicals from the symmetrical alkyl carbonate at a temperature above the boiling point of the metal or metallic compound, such that a luminous reaction zone extends from said metal or said metallic compound.
- 2. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the dialkyl carbonate is dimethyl carbonate, and the combustible compound is selected from cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, triethoxy-silane, cyclohexenyl dimethoxymethylsilane, benzyltrimethylsilane, N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)ethylenediamine, N-1-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)di-ethylenetriamine, N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)ethylenediamine, 1-(tri-methyl(silyl)pyrrolidine, triphenylsilanol, octamethyltrisiloxane, 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane, hexamethylcyctrisiloxane, hexamethyldisilane, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyl disilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldi-silthiane, allyltributylsilane, tetraalkylsilanes, 3-aminopropyltriethoxy-silane, benzytrimethylsilane, benzytriethylsilane, N-benzyitrimethylsilyl-amine,diphenylsilanediol, dihexylsilanediol, (trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadi-ene, potassium hexacyanoferrate (II), potassium hexacyanoferrate (III), potassium hexacyanocobalt II-ferrate, potassium hexacyanocobalt, potassium sodium ferricyanide, potassium ethoxide, or mixture.
- 3. The composition of claim 1 further comprising:a co-metallic catalyst selected from the group consisting of trimethoxymethylsilane, ethoxytrimethylsilane, isobutyltriethoxysilane, tetramethylsilane, dimethoxy-methyl-vinyl-silane, methyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxy-silane,diethoxydimethylsilane, dimethoxydimethylsilane, vinyltris(2-butyl-denaminooxy)silane, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropyl-oxysilane, tetraisopropylsilane, tetraisobutylsilane, dimethylphosphite, dipropylphosphite, diethylphosphite, dibutylphosphite, di-tert-butylphosphite, trialkylphosphites trimethylphosphite, triethylphosphite, triisopropylphosphite, tributylphosphite), dimethylmethylphosphonate, diethylmethylphosphonate, potassium pryophosphite, trimethylorthoacetate, triethylorthoacetate, trimethylorthobutyrate, triethylorthobutyrate, trimethylorthovalerate, and trimethylorthoformate.
- 4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the dialkyl carbonate is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl and diethyl carbonate.
- 5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the fuel composition is an enhanced aviation turbine fuel composition wherein the dialogue carbonate is C3 to C7 symmetrical dialkyl dicarbonate, the hydrocarbon base fuel is an aviation turbine hydrocarbon base having a viscosity equal or exceeding 8.1 MM2/S, and the fuel composition is characterized as being acidic not exceeding equivalent of 0.1 mg KOH/g.
- 6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the fuel composition is a diesel fuel oil, the dialkyl carbonate is dimethyl carbonate representing 0.01% to 40.0% oxygen by wt. of the fuel, the hydrocarbon base fuel has a viscosity equal to or greater than 2.5, MM2/S at 40° C., and the fuel composition has a viscosity equal to or less than 2.4 MM2/S at 40° C.
- 7. A fuel composition of claim 1, wherein said composition is a gasoline comprising a lower dialkyl carbonate, characterized as being phosphorus free with a maximum Reid Vapor Pressure of 12.0 psi, a maximum of 12% olefins, a maximum of 30% aromatics, a maximum of 2.0% benzene, a maximum of 50 ppm sulfur a total O2 concentration ranging from 0.5% to 10.0% wt of dialkyl carbonate, a combustible metal or metallic compound selected from group consisting of cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, triethoxysilane, cyclohexenyl dimethoxymethylsilane, benzyltrimethylsilane, N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyl)ethylenediamine, N-1-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)diethylenetriamine, N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)ethylenediamine, 1-(trimethyl(silyl)-pyrrolidine, triphenylsilanol, octamethyltrisiloxane, 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane, hexamethylcyctrisiloxane, hexamethyldisilane, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyl disilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, hexamethyldisilthiane, allyltributylsilane, tetraalkylsilanes, 3-aminopropyltriethoxy-silane, benzytrimethylsilane, benzytriethylsilane, N-benzyltrimethylsilyl-amine, diphenylsilanediol, dihexylsilanediol, (trimethylsilyl)cyclopenta-diene, potassium hexacyanoferrate (II), potassium hexacyanoferrate (III), potassium hexacyanocobalt II-ferrate, potassium hexacyanocobalt, potassium sodium ferricyanide, potassium ethoxide, or mixtures thereof a maximum T-90 temperature of 330° F. to 280° F., a T-50 temperature of approx. 170° F. to 230° F., a minimum (R+M)/2 octane of 85, to 92, a bromine number of 20 or less, an average latent heat of vaporization of 880 to 920 BTU/gal at 60° F., a heating value greater than 106,000 btu/gal at 60° F.
- 8. A method of minimizing hydrolysis of a fuel composition comprising the steps of.providing symmetrical lower dialkyl carbonate; providing at least one combustible metal or metallic compound; providing a hydrocarbon; mixing said carbonate, said combustible metal or metallic compound, and said hydrocarbon so as to produce a fuel composition having a pH of from 6.3 to 6.9.
- 9. The method claim 8, wherein said fuel is stored at an average temperature of 65° F. for 6 months, prior to combustion.
Parent Case Info
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/763,696, filed on Dec. 9, 1996 now abandoned which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 08/205,945, filed Mar. 2, 1994, now abandoned.
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Foreign Referenced Citations (8)
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263848 |
Oct 1963 |
AU |
1073207 |
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CA |
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Continuation in Parts (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08/763696 |
Dec 1996 |
US |
Child |
08/986891 |
|
US |
Parent |
08/205945 |
Mar 1994 |
US |
Child |
08/763696 |
|
US |