The present invention is drawn to a method and apparatus adapted to remove impurities from fuel.
Diesel powered vehicles generally include a diesel fuel water separator to prevent water from entering the engine and to optimize vehicle performance. Conventional diesel fuel water separators contain filtration elements made of cellulose that has been chemically modified to induce water coalescence. However, these conventional separators may be rendered ineffective by large amounts of polar materials that are soluble in diesel fuel such as, for example, detergent additives and biodiesel additives.
The present invention includes a method and apparatus configured to remove impurities from fuel. The method and apparatus of the present invention implement a molecular sieve adapted to remove impurities such as water from the fuel and which is not rendered ineffective by polar materials. As is known in the art, polar materials are materials composed of molecules having a permanent electric dipole moment.
According to a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a housing disposed between a fuel tank and a diesel engine of the diesel powered vehicle. The housing defines a generally cylindrical main body, an inlet port disposed at an end portion of the main body, and an outlet port disposed at an opposite end portion of the main body. A fuel diffuser is disposed within the main body of the housing and is in fluid communication with the inlet port. A fuel collector is disposed within the main body of the housing and is in fluid communication with the outlet port. A molecular sieve is disposed within the main body of the housing between the fuel diffuser and the fuel collector. According to the preferred embodiment, the outlet port of the housing is attached to a cellulose filter.
According to one aspect of the invention, the molecular sieve is a type 3A molecular sieve adapted to filter water from the fuel.
According to another aspect of the invention, the molecular sieve is a type 4A molecular sieve adapted to filter water from the fuel.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, the housing is composed of injection molded plastic such that cost and weight are minimized.
A preferred method of the present invention includes transferring fuel from a fuel tank to a filter apparatus such as, for example, with a fuel pump. The fuel in the filter apparatus is then diffused to increase the flow area. The diffused fuel is then filtered through a molecular sieve within the filter apparatus to remove impurities such as water. Thereafter, the fuel is transferred from the filter apparatus to the engine.
According to one aspect of the invention, the fuel is transferred to a collector or reservoir prior to transferring the fuel to the engine.
According to another aspect of the invention, the fuel is transferred through a cellulose filter prior to transferring the fuel to the engine.
The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present invention are readily apparent from the following detailed description of the best modes for carrying out the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numbers refer to like components,
Referring to
The fuel diffuser 30 is preferably a conventional nozzle design, and is adapted to increase the flow area of the diesel fuel 20 (shown in
According to a preferred embodiment, the molecular sieve 32 is composed of adsorbent materials such as aluminosilicate crystalline polymers, or zeolites (not shown). It should be appreciated, however, that the molecular sieve 32 may alternatively include other compositions such as, for example, a synthetic molecular sieve. The zeolites form a three-dimensional interconnecting network having a plurality of well defined openings or pores (not shown). Molecules that fit into the pores are filtered out or trapped as they flow across the filter, whereas larger molecules are allowed to pass through. The molecular sieve 32 is preferably a type 3A or 4A molecular sieve which has pores that are sized to filter out water molecules. As is known in the art, “type 3A” and “type 4A” are common manufacturing designations for molecular sieves.
The molecular sieve 32 is thereby configured to remove water from diesel fuel and biodiesel without removing larger diesel fuel, biodiesel, or fuel additive molecules. Additionally, the filter assembly 16 is not rendered inactive by polar materials, and will continue to remove water from the diesel fuel 20 (shown in
The fuel collector 34 is preferably a reservoir or container adapted to hold the fuel 20 transferred through the molecular sieve 32 before the diesel fuel 20 passes through the outlet port 28.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water filter 16 includes a cellulose filter 40 attached to the output port 28 of the housing 22. The cellulose filter 40 is preferably implemented as a precautionary measure in case the molecular sieve 32 breaks down. More precisely, the cellulose filter 40 is implemented to prevent the constituent materials of a broken down molecular sieve from reaching the engine 12 (shown in
While the best modes for carrying out the invention have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which this invention relates will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the invention within the scope of the appended claims.