The present invention relates to a fuel-fired water heater and more particularly, but not exclusively, a gas fired water heater provided with a central flue extending through the tank of the water heater and wherein a baffle is disposed inside the flue to retard the exhausting hot gases drawn up by a draft inducing blower and wherein the efficiency of the heat exchange is enhanced by a heat exchanger in a top end section of the flue to further extract heat exhausting from the top of the tank.
It is well known in the art to provide baffles in the exhaust flue of hot water heaters, such as domestic hot water heaters, whereby to retard the hot flue gases escaping from the bottom combustion chamber through the flue to obtain better heat exchange with the water being heated in the tank. It is also known to raise the pressure in the combustion chamber to increase efficiency of water heaters by using a more restrictive baffle. Reference is made to U.S. Pat. No. 7,513,221 as an example of these. It is also known to install a draft inducer blower at the top end of the exhaust flue to increase the efficiency of the furnace and one such blower is described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,278,823. These blowers pull flue gases through the baffle of the flue and then push the flue gases out through exhaust piping to the exterior of the building. However, there is a need to increase further this efficiency of such water heaters by extracting still more heat from the flue gases leaving the hot water heater.
It is a feature of the present invention to provide a fuel-fired water heater having improved heat exchange between the flue gases to heat the water in the tank of the water heater.
Another feature of the present invention is to provide a fuel-fired water heater having a central flue and wherein the heat exchange between the flue and the water in the tank is increased by using a restrictive baffle in combination with a draft inducer and wherein residual heat in the exhaust flue is further recovered, in part, by a heat exchanger in communication with the exhaust flue above the draft inducer.
According to the above features, from a broad aspect, the present invention provides a fuel-fired water heater which comprises a tank for holding a reserve of water to be heated by a burner located in a sealed combustion chamber disposed under a bottom heat transfer wall of the tank. A combustion gas exhaust flue extends vertically through the tank in contact with water therein. The exhaust flue has a bottom open end in communication with the sealed combustion chamber through the bottom heat transfer wall. The exhaust flue extends through a top wall of the tank. A restrictive baffle is secured inside the gas exhaust flue to retard hot gases rising in the gas exhaust flue to increase heat transfer from the hot gases to the water in contact with the exhaust flue. A draft inducing blower is in communication with a top end of the exhaust flue above the top wall of the tank to allow for increased efficiency of the baffle for the transfer of heat from the hot gases. A heat exchanger is in communication with a heat exchange section of the exhaust flue above the top and of the exhaust flue to extract further heat from residual hot gases in the exhaust flue.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Referring to the drawings and more particularly to
Water to be heated is admitted in the inner tank 15 close to the bottom wall 17 of the inner tank and the hot water, which is hottest in the top end section of the tank, is retracted therefrom by an outlet pipe, not shown. As hereinshown, a central combustion gas exhaust flue 18 extends vertically through the inner tank 15 and is in contact with the water to be heated in the tank. The exhaust flue 18 has a bottom open end 19 which extends through the bottom wall 17 and in communication with the sealed combustion chamber and is disposed above the burner 12. A restrictive baffle 20 is secured in the gas exhaust flue 18 whereby to retard the hot flue gases rising through the restrictive baffle.
A draft inducer 21 is secured at the top end 22 of the gas exhaust flue 18 and includes a blower 23 whereby to impart a suction or negative pressure in the flue. The draft inducer permits a more restrictive baffle design to be used, such as illustrated herein, than a standard one, thus increasing the heat transfer from the hot gases to the water contained in the tank through the wall 18′ of the gas exhaust flue 18.
The draft inducer 21 may also include a damper 24 that will close the draft inducer when the burner is not in operation thus stopping the hot air exhausting through the chimney by natural draft effect, therefore minimizing standby losses and increasing overall efficiency. It is pointed out that because the product of combustion exhausting through the chimney have been cooled down, a standard chimney, such as plastic pipes, may be used to vent the water heater gas.
The draft inducer 21 may also include one or more pressure switches to ensure that the combustion chamber is properly sealed and that an appropriate draft is established and maintained. The draft inducer can also work on different voltages such as 12, 24 are 120 volts. As hereinshown the draft inducer has a low profile design to fit the height of a standard draft hood 24, as shown in
In order to increase the efficiency of the hot water heater as shown in
As shown in
A pump 39 is connected to the outlet end 37 to circulate cold water from the open end 36 of the feed tube 34, through the conduit coil 31 and back into the tank through the return conduit 38. Of course, the pump 39 may also be connected to the inlet end of the conduit coil to serve the same purpose. The coil 31 may have flat walls communicating with the flue and the coil windings for better contact with the flue and windings for improved heat transfer. With this additional heat exchanger 30 the efficiency of heat transfer between the flue gas and the water in the tank is increased to at least 93%.
Another embodiment of the heat exchanger 40 is illustrated in
It is pointed out that the restrictive baffle 20 provides a combustion efficiency of at least 80% and in combination with the heat exchanger 30 or 40 this efficiency is increased to about 93%. Thus, there is provided a higher efficient water heater.
Referring now to
Support means, herein in the form of support brackets 75, are under the bottom wall 56 and sit on the top wall 14′ of the outer casing 14. A thermally insulating sleeve 59 is disposed in frictional contact with the top end section 58 of the flue 18 above the top wall 14′ of the casing 14.
As hereinshown, the heat exchange coil 52 is comprised of two or more, herein four, spaced-apart concentric conduit windings 60. The inner conduit winding 60′ has an inlet end connected to a water supply conduit 61 in communication with the lower end 35 of the inner tank 15. The outer conduit winding 60″ is provided with an outlet end which is secured to a return conduit 62 secured to an upper section of the tank to discharge heated water from the heat exchanger coil 52 therein. A pump 63 is secured to the water supply conduit 61 to circulate water from the lower end 35 of the tank, through the heat exchanger coils 52 and back into the upper portion of the tank.
As better shown in
As better shown in
As illustrated in
It is within the ambit present of the invention to cover any obvious modifications of the preferred embodiment described herein provided such modifications follow within the scope of the appended claims. It is also pointed out that the heated water from the heat exchangers 30, 40 and 50 may be feed to a further heat exchanger to heat air prior to returning the water to the tank.