Information
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Patent Grant
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6276339
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Patent Number
6,276,339
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Date Filed
Tuesday, May 2, 200024 years ago
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Date Issued
Tuesday, August 21, 200122 years ago
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Inventors
-
Original Assignees
-
Examiners
Agents
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CPC
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US Classifications
Field of Search
US
- 123 468
- 123 469
- 123 470
- 123 456
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International Classifications
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Abstract
A spring clip assembly for connecting a fuel injector to a fuel rail in an internal combustion engine comprises a substantially circular ring having a circumferential outer surface, to which are attached a first and a second plurality of elongate fingers. The first plurality of elongate fingers extends in a first direction parallel to the axis of the ring and includes connecting means for attaching the ring to a fuel injector. The second plurality of elongate fingers extends in a second, opposite axial direction and includes connecting means for attaching the ring to the fuel rail. The spring clip assembly further comprises spring means held proximate a surface of the ring by either the first plurality or the second plurality of elongate fingers. The spring means provides a compressive load between the fuel injector and the fuel rail. A fuel rail-injector assembly comprises a fuel rail, a plurality of fuel injectors, and a corresponding plurality of the just-described spring clip assemblies for connecting the injectors to the rail.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention generally relates to fuel injector and, more particularly, to a spring clip assembly for connecting a fuel rail to a fuel injector mounted in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The use of spring clips as a connecting member to urge the fuel injector toward its sealing surface after assembly is standard practice in a multi-port fuel injection (MPFI) system. However, conventional MPFI spring clips are not suitable for use in high pressure direct injector (DI) applications in which a DI fuel injector is mounted in the engine cylinder head directly above the combustion chamber since the nozzle end of the DI injector is directly exposed to the high combustion pressures which occur in the combustion chamber. In the case of a DI injector, a higher, positive load must be applied to the injector to hold it in place against the higher pressures and to ensure that it remains sealed against leakage of exhaust gases from the combustion chamber. In a high pressure DI system, each injector is typically individually mounted on the cylinder head by means of a clamp or a tab. This procedure of individually mounting each fuel injector adds substantially to the manual labor cost of the assembly of the engine.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,970,953, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, describes a fuel injector clip that is intended for high pressure applications. The clip disclosed in the '953 reference is disclosed as being compressed beyond its maximum yield point when the injector is installed. Therefore the maximum force the spring can exert to assure that the injector remains seated is limited and may not be suitable in a DI injector application. Copending, commonly assigned application Ser. No. 09/329,508, filed Jun. 10, 1999, for INTEGRATED FUEL DELIVERY MODULE FOR DIRECT INJECTION, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses a spring more suitable for a DI injector application. The application discloses a module type fuel delivery system for direct fuel injection into the combustion chambers of multiple cylinders of an engine that includes a common fuel rail and a plurality of spaced fuel feeder passages extending from the fuel rail. Each feeder passage is provided with an open ended mounting recess for receiving a DI fuel injector. Between the mounting recess and the injector is positioned a spring for loading the injector against its seat in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. The spring load seats the injector against the force of combustion pressure during engine operation.
While the module type fuel delivery system disclosed in application Ser. No. 09/329,508 does not require that each injector be individually mounted to the cylinder head first, the labor time associated with hand assembling each spring between the recess of the feeder passage and the injector immediately before the module is installed on the engine can be substantial. Moreover, assembling the individual injectors to the fuel rail immediately before engine installation does not lend itself to an easy way of testing for flow and leakage of the fuel rail/injectors module before the module is installed on the engine.
Therefore, there is an ongoing need for a device that allows high pressure fuel injectors to be conveniently pre-assembled with a fuel rail prior to its connection to an engine cylinder head. The present invention addresses this need.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a spring clip assembly for connecting a fuel rail to a fuel injector in an internal combustion engine. The assembly comprises a substantially circular ring having a circumferential outer surface, to which are attached a first and a second plurality of elongate fingers. The first plurality of elongate fingers extend in a first direction with respect to the ring and include connecting means for attaching the ring to a fuel injector. The second plurality of elongate fingers extend in a second, direction and include connecting means for attaching the ring to a fuel rail. The spring clip assembly further comprises spring means held proximate a surface of the ring by either the first plurality or the second plurality of elongate fingers. The spring means provides a compressive load between the fuel injector and the fuel rail when the fuel rail-injector assembly is installed on the cylinder head.
Further in accordance with the present invention is a fuel rail-injector assembly that comprises a fuel rail, a plurality of fuel injectors, and a corresponding plurality of spring clip assemblies of the present invention for connecting the injectors to the rail that can be preassembled and tested as a module before being assembled to the cylinder head.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1
is a fragmentary cross-sectional view through a portion of an engine assembly mounting of an integrated fuel delivery module of the prior art.
FIG. 2
is a perspective view of a spring clip included in a spring clip assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3
is a perspective view of a portion of a fuel-rail injector assembly that includes the spring clip assembly of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1
is a cross-sectional view of a module type DI fuel delivery system disclosed in application Ser. No. 09/329,508. Cylinder head
12
includes a generally cylindrical injector mounting recess
16
for each cylinder of the engine. Recess
16
steps down to provide first and second injector seats
18
and
20
, respectively. Recess
16
terminates in a smaller bore
22
that opens directly to an engine combustion chamber
24
. A fuel module
14
includes a fuel rail
34
having a common fuel passage
36
extending longitudinally therein. At spaced locations (corresponding to the number and locations of the combustion chambers) along the length of the fuel rail
34
, there is a plurality of laterally extending tubular portions
46
. Tubular portion
46
defines a laterally extending feeder passage
48
connecting the common fuel passage
36
of fuel rail
34
with an injector mounting recess
50
. Mounting recess
50
receives injector
54
. Within each recess
50
is a spring
70
that loads injector
54
with an adequate force against one of injector seats
18
or
20
when module bolt
30
is tightened to secure fuel module
14
to cylinder head
12
.
Referring now to
FIGS. 2 and 3
, there is shown a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Spring clip
110
, is preferably formed as a unitary piece from spring steel and comprises a substantially circular ring
111
having surfaces
112
a
and
112
b
and a circumferential outer surface
113
, to which is attached a first plurality of elongate fingers
114
and a second plurality of elongate fingers
115
. First plurality of elongate fingers
114
extend in a first direction parallel to an axis
118
of ring
111
. Axis
188
is aligned perpendicular to and at a center of ring
111
. Each finger
114
has connecting means comprising an inwardly projecting reverse bend portion
116
for attaching ring
111
to a fuel injector
122
, as shown in FIG.
3
. As depicted in
FIG. 2
, each of reverse bend portions
116
includes two reverse bends. The second plurality of elongate fingers
115
extend in a second, in a second, opposite direction also parallel to the axis
118
of ring
111
. Each finger
115
has connecting means comprising an inwardly projecting reverse bend portion
117
for attaching ring
111
to a fuel rail assembly
121
, shown in FIG.
3
.
Spring clip
110
preferably includes up to four separate elongate fingers
114
and up to four separate elongate fingers
115
. As depicted in
FIG. 2
, spring clip
110
comprises four fingers
114
for attachment to the fuel injector
122
and two fingers
115
for attachment to the fuel rail.
FIG. 3
is a perspective view of a portion of a fuel rail-injector assembly
120
, in accordance with the present invention. Assembly
120
, shown in
FIG. 3
, includes a fuel rail assembly
121
, and fuel injector
122
, one of a plurality of injectors included in assembly
120
. Also included in fuel rail-injector assembly
120
is a spring clip assembly
123
that comprises, in addition to spring clip
110
, a spring means, shown in
FIG. 3
as a plurality of disk springs
124
.
As an alternative to disk springs
124
, the spring means of spring clip assembly
123
may also comprise a helical coil compression spring (not shown) or any other appropriate structure to bias fuel injector
122
and fuel rail
121
. As depicted in
FIG. 3
, springs
124
are radially contained within the structure provided by elongate fingers
114
and held axially proximate ring
111
by fingers
114
, which are connected to fuel injector
122
. If desired, however, elongate fingers
115
, which are connected to fuel rail assembly
121
, may be modified radially and axially to hold springs
124
proximate ring
111
.
Fuel injector
122
is provided with a flange
125
or other similar member to engage reverse bend portions
116
of elongate fingers
114
. Similarly, fuel rail
121
is provided with a plurality of flats
126
or other similar detent to engage reverse bend portions
117
of elongate fingers
115
.
Fuel rail-injector assembly
120
is preferably pre-assembled and leak-tested prior to shipment and its subsequent convenient attachment as a unit to an engine cylinder head (not shown). When fuel rail-injector assembly
120
is bolted to the cylinder head, fuel injectors
122
are loaded against the injector seats
18
,
20
in the cylinder head by spring means such as disk springs
124
, which provide the force necessary to prevent injectors
122
from moving axially due to combustion pressures, vibration, and mechanical shock. Spring clip assembly
123
has sufficient travel and springs
124
have sufficient compressive stroke within fuel rail-injector assembly
120
to compensate for dimensional variation between injector seats
18
,
20
and injector mounting surface
50
. The pre-assembly of spring clip assembly
123
, and, in turn, the pre-assembly of spring clip assembly
123
and injector
122
with fuel rail assembly
121
for all cylinders to form fuel rail—injector assembly
120
simplifies the assembly of the fuel rail and injectors to the cylinder head (not shown).
The invention has been described in detail with respect to a preferred embodiment for the purpose of illustration. It is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose, and variations can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined only by the following claims.
Claims
- 1. A spring clip assembly for connecting a fuel injector to a fuel rail in an internal combustion engine, said assembly comprising:a substantially circular ring having a circumferential outer surface; a first plurality and a second plurality of elongate fingers attached to said ring, said first plurality of elongate fingers extending in a first direction with respect to said ring and including connecting means for attaching said ring to said fuel injector, said second plurality of elongate fingers extending in a second, direction and including connecting means for attaching said ring to said fuel rail; and spring means held proximate a surface of said ring by one of said first plurality and second plurality of elongate fingers, said spring means providing a compressive load between said injector and said fuel rail.
- 2. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said spring means is held proximate said surface of said ring by said first plurality of elongate fingers.
- 3. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said connecting means for attaching said ring to said fuel injector comprises an inwardly projecting reverse bend portion on at least one elongate finger of said first plurality.
- 4. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said connecting means for attaching said ring to said fuel rail comprises an inwardly projecting reverse bend portion on at least one elongate finger of said second plurality.
- 5. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said spring means comprises at least one disk spring.
- 6. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said spring means comprises a plurality of disk springs.
- 7. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said spring means comprises a helical coil compression spring.
- 8. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said first and second pluralities of elongate fingers each comprises at least four elongate fingers.
- 9. The spring clip assembly of claim 8 wherein said first plurality of elongate fingers comprises four elongate fingers and said second plurality of elongate fingers comprises two elongate fingers.
- 10. The spring clip assembly of claim 9 wherein said first plurality of elongate fingers holds a plurality of disk springs proximate said surface of said ring.
- 11. The spring clip assembly of claim 1 wherein said ring and said elongate fingers are unitarily formed from spring steel.
- 12. A fuel rail-injector assembly for an internal combustion engine, said assembly comprising:a fuel rail; a fuel injector; and a spring clip assembly for connecting said injector to said rail, said spring clip assembly comprising: a substantially circular ring; a first plurality and a second plurality of elongate fingers attached to said ring, said first plurality of elongate fingers extending in a first direction with respect to said ring and including connecting means for attaching said ring to at least one of said plurality of fuel injectors, said second plurality of elongate fingers extending in a second direction and including connecting means for attaching said ring to said fuel rail; and spring means held proximate a surface of said ring by at least one of said first plurality and second plurality of elongate fingers, said spring means providing a compressive load between said injector and said rail.
- 13. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 12 wherein said spring means is held proximate said surface of said ring by said first plurality of elongate fingers.
- 14. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 12 wherein said connecting means for attaching said ring to said fuel injector comprises an inwardly projecting reverse bend portion on at least one of said first plurality of elongate fingers, and said connecting means for attaching said ring to said fuel rail comprises an inwardly projecting reverse bend portion on at least one of said second plurality of elongate fingers.
- 15. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 12 wherein said spring means comprises at least one disk spring.
- 16. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 12 wherein said spring means comprises a plurality of disk springs.
- 17. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 12 wherein said spring means comprises a helical coil compression spring.
- 18. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 12 wherein said first plurality of elongate fingers and said second plurality of elongate fingers each comprises at least four elongate fingers.
- 19. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 18 wherein said first plurality of elongate fingers holds a plurality of disk springs proximate said surface of said ring.
- 20. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 14 wherein at least one of said plurality of injectors comprises a flange for engaging said inwardly projecting reverse bend portions on at least one of said first plurality of elongate fingers.
- 21. The fuel rail-injector assembly of claim 13 wherein said fuel rail comprises at least one flat for engaging said inwardly projecting reverse bend portions on at least one of said second plurality of elongate fingers.
US Referenced Citations (8)