Patent Application
20050056257
The present invention relates to a fuel supply apparatus that is fitted inside a fuel tank in a vehicle, etc., for pressurizing and supplying fuel to an injector that injects fuel into the engine, and the invention also relates to a fuel pressure regulator for regulating fuel pressure to a predetermined value.
In the figure, a fuel supply apparatus 1 integrally comprises a cover 3, a fuel pump 4, a fuel filter 5, a fuel pressure regulator 6, a discharge pipe 7, and a fuel level gauge and an electrical connector that are not illustrated in the figure, and the apparatus is suspended from an opening 2a of a fuel tank 2 formed of metal or resin.
The fuel filter 5 comprises a holding member 5a, formed of electrically conductive resin and a filter element, 5b contained therein, and is welded, liquid-tight, at its boundary portion 8 to the cover 3. The holding member 5a in its center portion holds the fuel pump 4, and at its lower end holds the fuel pressure regulator 6 and the fuel level gauge which is not illustrated. A gasket 9 is interposed to maintain an airtight seal between the cover 3 and the fuel tank 2.
In the holding member 5a of the fuel filter 5, an inlet 10 as a fuel inlet for the fuel filter 5 is provided in the upper inside periphery of the holding member 5a, and is connected via a sealing member 10a to a discharge pipe 11 of the fuel pump 4.
Moreover, the holding member 5a of the fuel filter 5 has two fuel outlets. A channel 12 (indicated by the dotted-dashed line), which forms the first fuel outlet, extends from the lower end of the holding member 5a axially in an upward direction. The channel 12 connects with the discharge pipe 7 provided on the cover 3 and supplies fuel, that has been filtered, to an injector. A return path 13, forming the second fuel outlet, is provided in the lower portion of the holding member 5a, and is connected to the fuel pressure regulator 6.
Reference numeral 14 is a pump filter, and when the fuel in the fuel tank 2 is drawn into the fuel pump 4, the pump filter 14 filters out foreign particles from the fuel tank 2, such as iron powder, etc.
The fuel pressure regulator 6 is fixed by inserting a base 6a into an insertion member 5c that extends downward from the bottom portion of the holding member 5a. A diaphragm 6c is interposed between an opening end of the base 6a and a housing 6b, and the diaphragm 6c is supported by a movable valve seat 6e provided with a discharge orifice 6d.
A stationary valve seat 6f that co-functions with the movable valve seat 6e is fixed inside the base 6a. A spring 6g is contained between the housing 6b and the diaphragm 6c, and, at the lower portion of the housing 6b, a discharge outlet 6h is disposed to discharge the fuel from the discharge orifice 6d into the fuel tank 2.
Reference numeral 4a is an electric current supply unit for supplying current to a motor, not illustrated, for the fuel pump 4, and the electric current supply unit 4a is connected electrically to the electrical connector, not illustrated, which is formed integrally with the cover 3.
In the fuel supply apparatus 1 configured in this way, electric current is supplied from a power supply, such as a storage battery, etc., not illustrated, via the electric current supply unit 4a, to the motor, not illustrated, of the fuel pump 4. When the motor runs, the fuel in the fuel tank 2 is taken in through the pump filter 14, and after being discharged from the discharge pipe 11, it flows through a channel 15 in the direction of arrow A, then passes through the filter element 5b, and arrives at a lower space 16 under the filer element 5b.
Next, the fuel flows into the fuel pressure regulator 6, and when fuel pressure in the base 6a becomes higher than the set pressure of the spring 6g, the diaphragm 6c moves to the housing 6b side, opening the discharge orifice 6d of the movable valve seat 6e and discharging the fuel in the base 6a to the fuel tank 2 again (returning flow volume) via the discharge outlet 6h, and the remaining volume flows through the channel 12 in the direction of arrow B and is supplied at a predetermined pressure through the discharge pipe 7 to the injector, in a fuel injection device mounted on an engine, which is not illustrated.
However, for example, if the voltage supplied to the fuel pump 4 drops abruptly and the discharging performance of the fuel pump 4 deteriorates, or if the fuel that is supplied to the engine abruptly increases, the returning flow volume drops (shifts to the left in the diagram), and thus the problem has occurred that the fuel delivered under pressure to the injector cannot be ensured at the predetermined pressure Pi, and the injector cannot inject the fuel required by the engine.
The present invention is made to solve the above-described problems, and it has as an object the provision of a fuel supply apparatus in which, if the returning flow volume (Q) drops, the pressure of the fuel delivered under pressure to the injector does not drop.
A fuel supply apparatus related to the present invention comprises: a cover fitted to an opening of a fuel tank, and on which a discharge pipe is disposed; a fuel pump for delivering under pressure fuel from the fuel tank to an injector of an engine via the discharge pipe; a fuel filter for filtering the fuel discharged from the fuel pump; and a fuel pressure regulator for regulating the pressure of the fuel discharged from the fuel pump to a predetermined pressure; wherein the fuel pressure regulator includes: a first chamber, formed in a case, into which fuel discharged from the fuel pump flows, and a second chamber, into which the fuel flows via the first chamber; a fuel limiting means disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber, for limiting fuel flowing from the first chamber into the second chamber; a pilot valve unit having a passageway for opening to discharge fuel into the fuel tank when the fuel pressure in the second chamber is more than a first set pressure; and a main valve unit having a passageway for opening to discharge fuel into the fuel tank when the fuel pressure in the first chamber is equal to a second set pressure between the first set pressure and the predetermined pressure.
In this way, in cases where returning flow volume drops, the pressure of the fuel delivered under pressure to the injector does not drop.
Preferably, the main valve unit comprises: a first valve for opening and closing a first communicating hole connecting the first chamber with the fuel tank, and a first elastic member for pressing on the first valve, wherein the first valve is held such that it can slide on a slide portion of the case, and a fuel control means is realized by a gap formed between the slide portion and the first valve.
In this way, the first valve slides smoothly, and the fuel control means can be formed by a simple structure.
Preferably, a diffusing member is installed for dispersal of fuel being returned from the main valve unit to the fuel tank.
In this way, since the fuel discharged from the main valve unit is not injected at high pressure into the fuel tank and components of the fuel supply apparatus, abnormal noise due to fuel collision is not generated.
Preferably, a pore is situated in the first valve.
In this way, control of the fuel flowing from the first chamber into the second chamber is easy and pressure characteristics of the fuel supply apparatus can be set to desired characteristics.
A fuel pressure regulator, in another aspect of the present invention, comprises: a first chamber formed in the case, into which fuel discharged from the fuel pump flows, and a second chamber, into which the fuel flows via the first chamber; a fuel limiting means disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber, for limiting fuel flowing from the first chamber into the second chamber; a first communicating hole for connecting the first chamber with the exterior of the case; a second communicating hole for connecting the second chamber with the exterior of the case; a pilot valve unit for opening to discharge through the second communicating hole, fuel to the exterior of the case when the fuel pressure in the second chamber is more than the first set pressure; and a main valve unit for opening and closing to discharge, through the first communicating hole, fuel to the exterior of the case when the fuel pressure of the first chamber is equal to the second set pressure between the first set pressure and the predetermined pressure.
In this way, based on the pressure characteristics of the fuel pressure regulator, in cases where the returning flow volume drops, the fuel pressure does not drop.
Preferably, a diffusing member is installed for dispersal of fuel discharged from the main valve unit to the exterior of the case.
In this way, since the fuel discharged from the main valve unit is not injected at high pressure, abnormal noise due to the fuel collision is not generated.
The fuel filter 5 comprises a holding member 5a formed of electrically conductive resin and a filter element 5b contained therein, and is welded, liquid-tight, at its boundary portion 8 to the cover 3. The holding member 5a in its center portion holds the fuel pump 4, and at its lower end holds the fuel level gauge (not illustrated). A gasket 9 is interposed to maintain an airtight seal between the cover 3 and the fuel tank 2.
In the holding member 5a of the fuel filter 5, an inlet 10 as a fuel inlet for the fuel filter 5 is provided in the upper inside periphery of the holding member 5a, and is connected via a sealing member 10a to a discharge pipe 11 of the fuel pump 4. A channel 12 (indicated by a dotted-dashed line), which forms the fuel outlet of the fuel filter 5, is disposed in the holding-member 5a, and extends from the lower end of the holding member 5a axially in an upward direction.
The channel 12 communicates with the discharge pipe 7 provided in the cover 3 and supplies fuel, which has been filtered, to an injector. The fuel pressure regulator 60, which is disposed on the cover 3 outer surface where it is over a passageway (hereinafter fuel pipe) through which the fuel from the channel 12 flows via the discharge pipe 7 to the injector, detects the fuel pressure. Reference numeral 14 is a pump filter that filters out foreign particles, such as iron powder, etc., when the fuel in the fuel tank 2 is drawn into the fuel pump 4.
In this figure, the fuel pressure regulator 60 comprises a first chamber 62 formed in a case 61, into which the fuel discharged from the fuel pump 4 flows, and a second chamber 63, into which the fuel flows via the first chamber 62; a pilot valve unit 65 that, when the fuel pressure of the second chamber 63 is more than a first set pressure Pp (indicated in
The main valve unit 66 comprises a first valve 66b that opens and closes a first communicating hole 66a which connects the first chamber 62 with the fuel tank 2, and a first elastic member 66c that presses on the first valve 66b. A cylindrical portion 66b1 of the first valve 66b is held such that it can slide on a slide portion 61a of the case 61, and a gap 64 as fuel control means is formed between the cylindrical portion 66b1 and the slide portion 61a, wherein the fuel flowing from the first chamber 62 into the second chamber 63 is limited by the gap 64.
The pilot valve unit 65 comprises a second valve 65b that opens and closes a second communicating hole 65a, which connects the second chamber 63 with the fuel tank 2, and a second elastic member 65c that presses on the second valve 65b.
Reference numeral 67 is a pore having a predetermined cross sectional area, situated in the first valve 66b and forming a fuel control means similar to the gap 64; it limits the fuel flowing from the first chamber 62 into the second chamber 63, whereby the pressure characteristics for the fuel supply apparatus shown in
Reference numeral 68 is a diffusing member which is formed, for example, by a disk or disks having a plurality of holes, and is firmly fixed to a boss portion 61b of the case 61; the fuel discharged from the first communicating hole 66a to the fuel tank 2 is diffused through a plurality of percolating holes 68a, so that generation of abnormal noise, which accompanies high pressure injection of fuel to the fuel supply apparatus 100 and the fuel tank 2, is prevented.
Next, using
A current is supplied to a motor (not illustrated) of the fuel pump 4 via an electric current supply unit 4a from an electric power source, such as a storage battery (not illustrated); when the motor rotates, the fuel pump 4 activates; after the fuel in the fuel tank 2 is drawn in through the pump filter 14, it is discharged from the discharge pipe 11, flows along a passageway 15 in the direction of arrow A (illustrated in
Regarding the fuel delivery process, the fuel flows in the direction of arrow B and also flows in the direction of arrow C, and after flowing into the first chamber 62 of the fuel pressure regulator 60, it passes through the gap 64 as well as the pore 67, which are the fuel control means, and flows into the second chamber 63.
As the returning flow volume (Q) increases, when the fuel pressure of the second chamber 63 reaches the first set pressure Pp (indicated in
Moreover, as the returning flow volume increases, when the fuel pressure of the first chamber 62 reaches the second set pressure Pm between the first set pressure Pp (indicated in
Moreover, when the returning volume increases and reaches Qr (indicated in
In this state, in which the fuel pressure of the first chamber 62 is regulated to the predetermined pressure Pi, the injector of the fuel injection apparatus fitted to the engine (not illustrated), is stably supplied with the fuel.
Here, if the voltage supplying the fuel pump 4 drops abruptly and the discharge performance of the fuel pump 4 deteriorates, or if the fuel supplying the engine increases abruptly, the return flow volume decreases (moves to left in
Moreover, gradient F of the dropping pressure is dependent on cross sectional area, length and shape of the gap 64 and the pore 67, which are the fuel control means, and also on the biasing force of the first elastic member 66c which sets the second set pressure Pm, so that by adjusting these items to an optimum value, the gradient F of the dropping pressure is set to as low a value as possible.
As described above, the fuel supply apparatus according to the present invention is appropriate as an apparatus for keeping the pressure of the fuel delivered under pressure to an injector from dropping, even when the returning flow volume, which is returned from the fuel pressure regulator to the fuel tank, drops.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP02/05212 | 5/29/2002 | WO |
