Patent Application
20200232430
The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-009587 filed on Jan. 23, 2019 including the specification, drawings and abstract is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The disclosure relates to a fuel supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine.
A known fuel supply apparatus includes: a fuel tank for storing a liquid fuel; a fine bubble mixing unit for mixing fine bubbles into the liquid fuel; and a fuel injection valve for injecting the liquid fuel, in which the fine bubbles are mixed by the fine bubble mixing unit, to an internal combustion engine (see, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-37966 (JP 2010-37966 A)). In this fuel supply apparatus, the fine bubble mixing unit is composed of an ejector that injects air into the liquid fuel to mix the fine bubbles into the liquid fuel, and an air intake pipe that supplies air to the ejector (see
Vibrations that occur during traveling of the vehicle may cause movement or turbulence in the liquid fuel in the fuel tank. In JP 2010-37966 A, however, since the air intake pipe is open to the space inside the fuel tank, liquid fuel in the fuel tank may flow into the air intake pipe. As a result, there is a possibility that air is not supplied to the ejector and the liquid fuel containing fine bubbles is not generated satisfactorily.
This may be suppressed by making the air intake pipe open to the outside of the fuel tank, that is, to the atmosphere, for example. However, although not clearly stated in JP 2010-37966 A, it is considered that the air in the space inside the fuel tank contains an evaporated fuel and the liquid fuel containing fine bubbles of the evaporated fuel is supplied to the internal combustion engine. It is also considered that the liquid fuel containing the fine bubbles of the evaporated fuel contributes to good combustion. However, when the air intake pipe is made open to the atmosphere, there is a possibility that the liquid fuel containing the fine bubbles of the evaporated fuel cannot be generated, and thus good combustion cannot be obtained.
An aspect of the disclosure relates to a fuel supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine. The fuel supply apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a fuel tank, a mixed gas space defining portion, a fine bubble fuel generator, and a fuel supply unit. The fuel tank is configured to store a liquid fuel. The mixed gas space defining portion is provided outside the fuel tank and defines a mixed gas space filled with a mixed gas containing an evaporated fuel and air. The fine bubble fuel generator includes a liquid fuel inlet that communicates with a liquid region of the fuel tank and a mixed gas inlet that communicates with the mixed gas space defining portion, and is configured to generate a fine bubble fuel, which is a liquid fuel containing fine bubbles of the mixed gas, from the liquid fuel supplied from the fuel tank and the mixed gas supplied from the mixed gas space defining portion. The fuel supply unit is configured to supply the fine bubble fuel generated by the fine bubble fuel generator to the internal combustion engine.
The fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect may further include a breather pipe. The breather pipe may connect a gas region of the fuel tank and a fuel supply pipe of the fuel tank to each other. The mixed gas space defining portion may be the breather pipe. The mixed gas inlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with the breather pipe.
The fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect may further include a canister, a vapor pipe, and a purge pipe. The canister may be configured to temporarily store the evaporated fuel. The vapor pipe may connect a gas region of the fuel tank and a vapor chamber of the canister to each other. The purge pipe may connect the vapor chamber of the canister and an intake passage downstream of a throttle valve of the internal combustion engine to each other. The mixed gas space defining portion may be the vapor pipe. The mixed gas inlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with the vapor pipe.
The fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect may further include a canister, a vapor pipe, and a purge pipe. The canister may be configured to temporarily store the evaporated fuel. The vapor pipe may connect a gas region of the fuel tank and a vapor chamber of the canister to each other. The purge pipe may connect the vapor chamber of the canister and an intake passage downstream of a throttle valve of the internal combustion engine to each other. The mixed gas space defining portion may be the purge pipe. The mixed gas inlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with the purge pipe.
The fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect may further include a canister, a vapor pipe, and a purge pipe. The canister may be configured to temporarily store the evaporated fuel. The vapor pipe may connect a gas region of the fuel tank and a vapor chamber of the canister to each other. The purge pipe may connect the vapor chamber of the canister and an intake passage downstream of a throttle valve of the internal combustion engine to each other. The mixed gas space defining portion may be the vapor chamber. The mixed gas inlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with the vapor chamber.
In the fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect, the mixed gas space defining portion may be the purge pipe, and the mixed gas inlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with the purge pipe.
In the fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect, the mixed gas space defining portion may be the vapor chamber, and the mixed gas inlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with the vapor chamber.
In the fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect, an outlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with an inlet of the fuel supply unit.
In the fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect, an outlet of the fine bubble fuel generator may communicate with the liquid region of the fuel tank.
The fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect may further include a switching valve. The switching valve may be configured to allow an outlet of the fine bubble fuel generator to communicate with either one or both of an inlet of the fuel supply unit and the liquid region of the fuel tank.
In the fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect, the fine bubble fuel generator may be accommodated in the fuel tank.
In the fuel supply apparatus according to the above aspect, the fine bubble fuel may be a liquid fuel containing ultra-fine bubbles of the mixed gas.
According to the above aspect, the liquid fuel containing the evaporated fuel can be more satisfactorily generated, and thus better combustion can be attained.
Features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals denote like elements, and wherein:
Referring to
The fuel tank 2 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure includes an internal space 2s, and is configured to store a liquid fuel in the internal space 2s. That is, a fuel supply pipe 7 leading to a fuel supply port 6 communicates with the internal space 2s of the fuel tank 2, and when the liquid fuel is supplied to the internal space 2s via the fuel supply pipe 7, a liquid region 2L occupied by the liquid fuel is formed in the lower part of the internal space 2s. On the other hand, a gas region 2G occupied by an evaporated fuel and air is formed in the upper part of the internal space 2s. Examples of the liquid fuel include gasoline, light oil, and alcohol.
In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, a breather pipe 8 is provided that couples the gas region 2G and the fuel supply pipe 7 to each other. The breather pipe 8 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is coupled to an upper end 7u of the fuel supply pipe 7. The breather pipe 8 releases gas from the gas region 2G during fuel supply, so as to facilitate a quick inflow of the liquid fuel into the internal space 2s of the fuel tank 2.
The mixed gas space 3 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is provided outside the fuel tank 2, filled with a mixed gas containing the evaporated fuel and air, and defined by a mixed gas space defining portion. In other words, the mixed gas space defining portion is provided outside the fuel tank 2 and defines the mixed gas space 3. The mixed gas space 3 will be described later.
The fine bubble fuel generator 4 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure includes a body 4b, a liquid fuel inlet 4iL, a mixed gas inlet 4iG, and an outlet 4o that are connected to the body 4b. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the body 4b of the fine bubble fuel generator 4, namely, the fine bubble fuel generator 4 as a whole is accommodated in the internal space 2s of the fuel tank 2. As a result, it is easy to handle the fine bubble fuel generator 4. In addition, a piping configuration of the fine bubble fuel generator 4 is simplified. In another embodiment (not illustrated), the body 4b is disposed outside the fuel tank 2.
The liquid fuel inlet 4iL in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is disposed at a bottom portion of the internal space 2s of the fuel tank 2 so as to communicate with the liquid region 2L. The mixed gas inlet 4iG in the embodiment according to the present disclosure communicates with the mixed gas space 3 via a connecting pipe 9. The fine bubble fuel generator 4 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is configured to generate a fine bubble fuel from the liquid fuel supplied from the fuel tank 2 via the liquid fuel inlet 4iL and the mixed gas supplied from the mixed gas space 3 via the mixed gas inlet 4iG. In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, the fine bubble fuel is a liquid fuel containing fine bubbles, more preferably, ultra-fine bubbles of the mixed gas. The fine bubbles are air bubbles with a diameter (equivalent to spheres) less than 100 μm, and the ultra-fine bubbles are air bubbles with a diameter of less than 1 μm (ISO 20298-1). Air bubbles with a diameter of 1 to 100 μm are referred to as microbubbles. In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, the term “liquid fuel containing fine bubbles” refers to a liquid fuel containing air bubbles, of which a diameter distribution peaks at less than 100 μm. The term “liquid fuel containing ultra-fine bubbles” refers to a liquid fuel containing air bubbles, of which a diameter distribution peaks at less than 1 μm. The liquid containing microbubbles is cloudy, and the liquid containing ultra-fine bubbles is transparent.
Examples of a method for generating fine bubbles or a fine bubble fuel include an ultrasonic method, a swirling method, a pressurization and dissolution method, and a micropore method. In the ultrasonic method, cavitation is caused in the liquid using ultrasonic waves and the gas in the liquid is expanded to form fine bubbles, especially ultra-fine bubbles. In the swirling method, the gas and the liquid are mixed, followed by swirling at high speed to form fine bubbles. In the pressurization and dissolution method, the gas is pressurized to be dissolved in the liquid and then the pressure is released at once to form fine bubbles. In the micropore method, the gas is pressurized to pass through micropores such as orifices to form fine bubbles. The generated fine bubble fuel is discharged from the outlet 4o.
In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, the fuel supply unit 5 is configured to supply the fine bubble fuel generated by the fine bubble fuel generator 4 to the internal combustion engine. The fuel supply unit 5 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure includes a fuel pump 10 and a fuel injection valve 11. The fuel pump 10 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure includes a body 10b and an inlet 10i and an outlet 10o that are connected to the body 10b. The body 10b in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is accommodated in the internal space 2s of the fuel tank 2. In another embodiment (not illustrated), the body 10b is disposed outside the fuel tank 2. The inlet 10i in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is connected to the outlet 4o of the fine bubble fuel generator 4 via a connecting pipe 12. The inlet 10i in the embodiment according to the present disclosure constitutes an inlet of the fuel supply unit 5. The outlet 10o in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is connected to the fuel injection valve 11 via the fuel feed pipe 13 and the common rail 14 in this order. The fuel injection valve 11 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure is attached to a cylinder head 15 of the engine body, and is configured to inject fuel into an intake port 16. In another embodiment (not illustrated), the fuel injection valve 11 is configured to inject fuel into a combustion chamber (not illustrated).
In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, the intake port 16 is connected to a surge tank 18 via an intake branch pipe 17, and the surge tank 18 is connected to an air cleaner 20 via an intake supply pipe 19. A throttle valve 21 is disposed in the intake supply pipe 19.
In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, a canister 22 configured to temporarily store the evaporated fuel is provided. The canister 22 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure includes an adsorption layer 22c containing an active carbon etc., a vapor chamber 22v located on one side of the adsorption layer 22c, and an air chamber 22a located on the other side of the adsorption layer 22c. The vapor chamber 22v in the embodiment according to the present disclosure communicates with the gas region 2G of the fuel tank 2 via a vapor pipe 23. The vapor pipe 23 in the embodiment according to the present disclosure communicates with the gas region 2G via a float-type onboard refueling vapor recovery (ORVR) valve 24 and a cutoff valve 25. The vapor pipe 23 in another embodiment (not illustrated) communicates with the gas region 2G via one of or none of the ORVR valve 24 and the cutoff valve 25. The vapor chamber 22v in the embodiment according to the present disclosure also communicates with the surge tank 18, for example, via a purge pipe 26. An electromagnetic purge control valve 27 is disposed in the purge pipe 26. The air chamber 22a in the embodiment according to the present disclosure communicates with the atmosphere via an air pipe 28. An air filter 29 is disposed in the air pipe 28.
In the embodiment according to the present disclosure, the purge control valve 27 is closed when the internal combustion engine is stopped. As a result, the evaporated fuel in the gas region 2G of the fuel tank 2 flows, together with air in the gas region 2G, into the vapor chamber 22v of the canister 22 via the vapor pipe 23, then reaches the adsorption layer 22c, and is adsorbed to the adsorption layer 22c. When the purge control valve 27 is opened at the time of operation of the internal combustion engine, air flows into the air chamber 22a of the canister 22 via the air pipe 28 due to a negative pressure generated in the surge tank 18, and then passes through the adsorption layer 22c. At this time, the evaporated fuel is removed from the adsorption layer 22c. The evaporated fuel is supplied, together with air, into the surge tank 18 via the vapor chamber 22v, the purge pipe 26 and the purge control valve 27, and is burnt in the combustion chamber together with fuel from the fuel injection valve 11. The evaporated fuel flowing into the vapor chamber 22v from the vapor pipe 23 at the time of operation of the internal combustion engine flows into the purge pipe 26 without being adsorbed by the adsorption layer 22c.
As can be understood from the above description, an internal space of the breather pipe 8, an internal space of the vapor pipe 23, an internal space of the vapor chamber 22v, an internal space of the purge pipe 26, especially a section of the purge pipe 26 upstream of the purge control valve 27, are filled with the mixed gas, that is, a mixture of the evaporated fuel and air.
In the embodiment shown in
As a result, the fine bubble fuel containing fine bubbles of the evaporated fuel is generated. Thus, in the internal combustion engine, better combustion can be attained. The fine bubbles of the evaporated fuel may be present directly in the liquid fuel, or may be present in the fine bubbles of the air.
Moreover, the mixed gas inlet 4iG of the fine bubble fuel generator 4 is connected to the mixed gas space 3 outside the fuel tank 2. Therefore, even when movement occurs in the liquid fuel in the fuel tank 2, inflow of the liquid fuel to the mixed gas inlet 4iG is restricted. Especially in the embodiment shown in
Accordingly, the inflow of the liquid fuel into the connecting pipe 9 is further restricted. Thus, the fine bubble fuel containing fine bubbles of the evaporated fuel is more satisfactorily generated.
In the embodiment illustrated in
In still another embodiment according to the present disclosure, two or more of the embodiments according to the present disclosure discussed above are combined with each other. For example, the mixed gas space 3 is formed of two or more of the internal space of the breather pipe 8, the internal space of the vapor pipe 23, the internal space of the vapor chamber 22v, and the internal space of the purge pipe 26, especially, the part of the purge pipe 26 upstream of the purge control valve 27.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-009587 | Jan 2019 | JP | national |
