BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is an improvement in the art of furniture glides, which are used to assist in movement of furniture or other fixtures on carpet or other flooring materials. The goal of furniture glides is to reduce friction to facilitate movement and to minimize damage to the flooring or the furniture. Many glides have provided some of these functions but choices were limited in combining the correct means of attachment with a suitable base material for the flooring on which the furniture was to be used. This invention allows for multiple combinations of movements, base styles and materials and means of attachment.
The industry of furniture glides which is the putting of levelers, carpet protection and anti-mar floor leg attachments with swivel motion was started by D. Young, H. Graf and C. Shuppert (U.S. Pat. No. 766,210—1904). Orton C. Little (U.S. Pat. No. 822,963—1906) developed an enclosed device attached to the foot of the furniture leg and had the properties of swiveling and sliding when furniture was moved. Hachmann (U.S. Pat. No. 1,208,546—1916) was the first to devise a replaceable furniture tip for his glide. In 1920, J. A. Johnson was issued U.S. Pat. No. 1,341,133 for a Sliding Shoe for Furniture. He departed from Little by adapting the furniture shoe to attach with a solid pintle stem. In 1928, Oscar Larsen was issued U.S. Pat. No. 1,659,540 for a Furniture Glider Shoe. Larsen attached his furniture shoe by screws into the furniture leg. This shoe was rigid and did not swivel, G. W. Sutton was issued U.S. Pat. No. 1,734,058 (Nov. 5, 1929) for his Sliding Furniture Shoe which provided for load distribution more evenly and for cushioning of the sliding shoe. In 1932, Robert E. Miller was issued U.S. Pat. No. 1,869,574 for a Sliding Caster. A bent wire or a 3 prong attachment afforded a simpler installation by the user.
The next major change came with the onset of tubular style furniture legs. More intricate stamped metal parts were coming into use and attachment devices had to be contrived. By 1960, numerous similar styles were being devised, such as, U.S. Pat. No. 2,854,636 issued to R. J. Gammache for his Universal Furniture Foot which offered a spring steel attachment for inside tubular legs. R. Bock (U.S. Pat. No. S,Ol0,b21—1991) and R. Carpinella (U.S. Pat. No. 6,154,923—2000) both had similar designs with different attachment devices for tubular legs. Thornsbury (U.S. Pat. No. 2,860,368—1958) offered a three piece shoe which is permanently attached to a connector socket for insertion into a tubular leg. The center support piece being a rubber cushion giving support to the inverted pintle resting on the top surface. This glide, however, uses the pintle as the support means and the three pieces are permanently attached. The shape of the inner piece getting its form from the pressure at assembly. The stated peripheral edge portion was formed into a permanent crimp at assembly. Kramcsak (U.S. Pat. No. 3,021,551—1962) also offered a rubber for cushioning of the glide base but was also permanently assembled. It also offered a partial central hole enabling a cushion for only attachment means with the attachment means embedded in the center of the central cushion. The glide of my invention does not rely on the attachment means to assume the weight bearing responsibilities and such means can be interchanged as required. The roller glide of Howard (U.S. Pat. No. 3,858,271—1975) is a two part non-swivel glide with an optional wheel assembly inserted into the smooth base. Rotation around the center attachment stem is static and the center stem takes on the weight bearing duties. This non-swivel glide is truly a two part assembly whereas my invention is a dual swiveling and rolling three part assembly. Ferencz (U.S. Pat. No. 6,405,982—2002) shows a single piece glide using a pressure fit base to protect the floor from marring. The relatively thick base portion was designed for cushioning only, whereas, the expanded thicker bottom of my outer locking rim has a circumferential indent mating with the glide base offering a removeably mated snap, screw or press connection for assembly and removal and is not intended to provide cushioning for the glide. This, said, expanded bottom also enables the glide base of my invention to be easily removed by finger pressure only without the need for tools. Kenst and Downen (U.S. Pat. No. 6,869,052—2005) show a nailed support base into which is screwed a replaceable base and is a non-swivel glide.
I believe the combination of the choice of attachment means and base styles, along with the tandem swiveling and rolling function and the singular rolling ability of my glide make it a new and advanced design. I believe that my invention further advances the art and science of furniture glides another step and is not anticipated by any of the above prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention advances the art of furniture feet, glides and sliding shoes. Prior inventions were intended for one basic use or function. It has been difficult to match the style of attachment required by a specific piece of furniture ie; screw, bolt, nail or solid or split pin with the material or style of glide base needed for a specific use ie: furniture resting on a carpet, rug or on a hard flooring surface ie: wood, tile, slate, marble, linoleum.
This invention allows the end user to choose the correct means of attachment for the glide and match it with the correct base material or style for the circumstance.
This invention is the first to offer the above choices including the option to easily replace and interchange bases in accordance with use or wear without replacing the mounting components, which remain intact, on the article of furniture.
This invention also reduces friction and damage to the flooring and the furniture by the ability of the base and cap to spin freely around the inner attachment swivel roller hub offering it a roller capability in addition to the standard glide function both working in tandem as the resistance requires. At the extreme swivel angle, the bottom edge of the inner swivel attachment hub rides in a matching swivel channel in the base accepting the weight bearing duties while maintaining its rolling capability.
This invention offers a hard base for soft flooring materials, such as carpet, which has a central concave indent in the outside bottom. This indent encourages the glide to tilt toward the outside edge when moved, activating the swivel roller capability in tandem with the normal glide action greatly reducing friction compared to normal glides.
This invention provides a highly adaptable, functional, stylish and reasonably priced furniture glide for all styles and quality of furniture. Unlike all prior glides, the interchangeability feature allows for the easy assembly and removal of bases with simple finger pressure without the need for tools.
DRAWING REFERENCE NUMBERS
9& 9A expanded thicker bottom of outer locking rim
10 assembled side view of three part swivel roller glide
10A cross section side view of three part swivel roller glide
10B cross section side view of the three part swivel roller glide at maximum tilt/swivel
11 top hole in outer locking rim
12 circumferential indent in outer locking rim
13 hemispherical inner angle of outer locking rim
14 top surface of inner attachment swivel roller hub
15 concave weight bearing surface of inner attachment swivel roller hub
16 countersink recess in inner attachment swivel roller hub
17 vertical flat on inner attachment swivel roller hub
18 top hole in inner attachment swivel roller hub
19 circumferential snap, screw or press ring in both bases
20 outer locking rim
21 swivel roller channel in both base styles
21
a bottom edge of inner attachment swivel roller hub
22 convex weight bearing surface of both base styles
23 clearance space in both base styles
24 concave bottom surface of hard base
24
a outer bottom convex edge of hard base
25 flat bottom surface of soft base
26 bottom surface material for soft base
30 inner attachment swivel roller hub
40 hard glide base
50 soft glide base
60 soft glide base material
- II-II location of cross sections for FIGS. 2,3,4,5,6,7&9
LIST OF FIGURES
FIG. 1 Overall side view of three part swivel roller glide (Assembly 10)
FIG. 2 Cross section of outer locking rim
FIG. 3 Cross section of inner attachment swivel roller hub
FIG. 4 Cross section of hard glide base
FIG. 5 Cross section of soft glide base
FIG. 6 Cross section of bottom surface material for soft base
FIG. 7 Cross section of assembled three part swivel roller glide (Assembly 10A)
FIG. 8 Top view with vertical cross section through center line II-II.
FIG. 9 Cross section of the three part swivel roller glide installed on a furniture leg at maximum tilt/swivel (Assembly 10B)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side view of the glide Assembly 10 according to the embodiment of the invention. It consists of an outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2), an inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) and optional base 40 (FIG. 4).
In FIG. 2 the outer locking rim 20 is a shallow round hemispheric outer shell which becomes a top attachment cap for base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) of the furniture glide of my invention. It may be made of plastic selected from a variety of materials, such as, ABS (hard) or polyethylene (soft). The outer locking rim may also be made of metal, generally brass, but other metals, such as, iron, steel, aluminum, etc. may be used for aesthetic purposes. The expanded thicker bottom, 9 and 9a (FIG. 2) of the outer locking rim, is intentionally designed to be larger than the diameter of the opposing base style to facilitate removal or replacement of bases, or tightening or changing of attachment devices, by finger pressure alone without the need for tools or any special equipment and without disturbing the integrity of the mounting assembly. The outer locking rim 20 has on its internal distal surface a circumferential indent 12 which will mate with base 40 or 50 at mating groove with circumferential snap ring 19 (FIGS. 4 and 5) as a snap or press fit connection. Other connection designs, such as, a mated threaded pattern may also be used for this connection. The outer locking rim 20 has a hemispherical inner angle 13 making the outer shell hemispherical and allowing for clearance for the outside surface 14 of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) to allow for free swiveling and rotating of the attached outer locking rim and base. The outer locking rim 20 has a central hole 11 of such size as to allow unimpeded swivel clearance to the inner attachment swivel roller hub from zero to maximum tilt.
The dome shaped inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) is fitted between the outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2) and base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) and serves as the stationary point of attachment to the furniture leg or base held generally by a screw, bolt, nail, solid or split pin (of varying head styles) through its center hole 18. The side opposing top angle 14 is inner concave weight bearing hub wall 15 which mates with the convex weight bearing surface 22 in base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5). This angled mating allows the chosen base style to co-jointly swivel and roll against the inner attachment swivel roller hub. The bottom edge of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 21a mates with the swivel roller channel 21 in both bases 40 & 50. Swivel roller channel 21 of base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) provides functional control with the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) at maximum swivel thus accepting the weight bearing duties while maintaining the singular rolling capability. Central hole 18 in the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) receives the means of attachment with the head of such means supported in the countersink recess 16 at the bottom of the hole. The adjacent vertical flat 17 forms the countersink recess allowing for additional clearance for the head style and size of the attachment screw, bolt, nail or solid or split pin. This countersink recess can be of various designs to accommodate different style heads of different attachment means.
FIG. 4 is a cross section of hard base 40 having a top surface mateable with the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) and the outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2). The outer circumferential snap ring 19 mates with the circumferential indent 11 in the outer locking rim. The adjacent inner flat surface serves as swivel roller channel 21 which mates with the bottom edge of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 21a to accept the weight bearing duties at full swivel and initiate the singular rolling function. The adjacent convex weight bearing surface 22 mates with concave weight bearing surface 15 of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) to facilitate the tandem swiveling and rolling action of the glide. Adjacent clearance space 23 forms a recess to accommodate the heads of a variety of styles and sizes of attachment means, such as, screws or bolts with large heads. The outer bottom edge 24a of base 40 (FIG. 4) is a smooth convex surface to assist in the sideways gliding movement of the glide and provides for the rolling surface at full swivel. The smooth concave bottom surface 24 of base 40 enhances the tandem swiveling and rolling action of the free spinning glide base by directing the weight to the outer portions of the base encouraging movement when on deep carpets and rugs.
The cross section of soft glide base 50 (FIG. 5) shows the identical configuration as hard glide base 40 (FIG. 4) except, soft glide base 50 has a flat bottom surface 25 more suitable for hard flooring and accommodating the attachment of bottom surface material 26 (FIG. 6).
FIG. 6 shows a cross section of the soft glide base material 60 which is generally a base material 26, such as, felt for a sliding function or a soft rubber for a non-skid function.
FIG. 7 shows a cross section of Assembly 10A of the three part swivel roller glide of my invention including a screw, in phantom, used as the method of attachment. It also depicts the mating of the weight bearing surface 15 of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) and the convex weight bearing surface 22 of base 40 (FIG. 4) and the circumferential indent 12 of the outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2) mating with the outer circumferential snap ring 19 of optional base 40 (FIG. 4).
FIG. 8 shows a top view of the three part swivel roller glide with outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2), inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) and base 40 or 50, in phantom, and designating the vertical cross sections (II-II) shown in Assembly 10A (FIG. 7) and 10B (FIG. 9) and vertical cross sections shown in FIGS. 2,3,4,5&6.
FIG. 9 shows a cross section view of the three part swivel roller glide (Assembly 10B) attached to a furniture leg, with a screw in phantom. This view depicts the glide at full tilt showing the mating of the bottom edge of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 21a and swivel roller channel 21 in hard glide base 40 (FIG. 4) enabling the singular rolling function of my glide.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIG. 1, a swivel roller glide is shown assembled from three components: an inner attachment swivel roller hub 30, and outer locking rim 20 and optional hard base 40. This new furniture glide is designed to facilitate the movement of furniture over different flooring materials without damage to the flooring or the furniture. The choice of base styles is dependent on the flooring material on which the piece of furniture is to be used. Base style 40 is a hard base aiding the movement of an article of furniture over soft flooring, such as, carpet or rugs. Base style 50 (FIG. 5) has a flat bottom surface 25 as a support for a pad of a softer material 26 (FIG. 6) such as felt, rubber, or plastic which is attached to it to reduce damage and to assist or resist movement when used on hard flooring (wood, tile, linoleum, etc). All base styles are completely interchangeable, without the need for tools, which is part of my new concept. Making the selected base replaceable without disturbing the original mounting assembly of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 and the outer locking rim 20 is a distinct advantage created by my invention. The outer locking rim 20 is fitted over the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 prior to mounting the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 to the leg or base of the article of furniture to be fitted. The attachment means is then fitted upward through the center hole in both parts for attachment. The mounting assembly 20 and 30 may be attached to the furniture by a variety of styles of attachments of screws, bolts, nails or split or solid pins, which is another new concept of my invention. The base selected from bases 40 or 50 can be removeably attached to the outer locking rim 20 to complete the assembly. Either base can easily removed, with finger pressure only, by pushing the outer locking rim 20 away from base 40 or 50 toward the furniture to which it is attached until the base abuts the inner attachment roller hub, thereby, releasing the base from the outer locking rim without disturbing the integrity of the mounting assembly. Replacement bases 40 or 50 are easily reattached by setting the base unto the inner attachment swivel roller hub and pulling the outer locking rim up to meet the base, completing the assembly.
The outer locking rim (FIG. 2) forms a hemispherical shell which functions, as a support, to hold either base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) to complete the assembly of the embodiment of the invention. The outer locking rim 20 has on its internal distal surface a circumferential indent 12 which mates with bases 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) at the outer circumferential snap ring 19 (FIGS. 4&5) as a snap, screw or press fit removeable connection. The top hole 11 is large enough to allow for swivel movement of the inner attachment swivel roller hub in the range from vertical to approximately 15 degrees from center in all directions. This amount of swivel is sufficient for most normal furniture styles to maintain a flat and even contact of the glide base with the floor. The outer locking rim 20 has an inner angle 13 forming an inner hemispherical shell allowing for clearance of the outside surface 14 of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3). This clearance allows the outer locking rim and base to rotate freely around the central inner attachment swivel roller hub enabling the tandem swiveling and rolling function of the glide. The expanded thicker bottom 9 and 9a of the outer locking rim 20 is intentionally larger than the diameter of the mateable base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) to allow for easy release of the base, by finger pressure alone, without the need for tools, to complete the assembly and for removal or replacement of either base style, or access to tighten or change of the means of attachment, as required.
FIG. 3 representing a cross section of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30, depicts a device serving as the direct connection to the article of furniture, while supporting the outer locking rim, thus completing the mounting assembly. The inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 is fitted between the outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2) and base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) and serves as the point of attachment to the article of furniture generally by a screw, bolt, nail or solid or split pin invertly inserted through center hole 18. Said, center hole 18 receives the means of attachment with the head of such means supported in the countersink recess 16 at the bottom of the hole and is then installed in the article of furniture. Vertical flat 17 forms said countersink recess to accept larger head styles and shapes of the variety of attachment means. Opposing angle 14, on the top of the inner attachment swivel roller hub, is the concave weight bearing inner hub wall 15 which mates with the convex weight bearing surface 22 of either base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) enabling the tandem swiveling and rolling function of my invention. The expanded thicker bottom edge 21a of the inner attachment swivel roller hub mates with swivel roller channel 21 in bases 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) at maximum swivel, providing functional control of the swivel action, while transferring the weight bearing duties from the concave weight bearing surface 15 and the convex weight bearing surface 22 in bases 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) to bottom edge 21a on the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 and the swivel roller channel 21 in bases 40 and 50 (FIGS. 4&5) while maintaining the singular roller capability of the glide.
FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the hemispherical shaped optional base styles 40 and 50. The top surfaces of these bases are identical and are mateable with the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 and the outer locking rim 20. In both base 40 and 50 there is a clearance space 23 to accommodate a variety of styles of attachment means, such as, screws, bolts, nails, etc. with various styles and sizes of heads. At the outer rim of each base style is a circumferential snap ring 19 which is accepted by the inner circumferential indent 12 in the outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2) providing a removeable mating connection with outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2) by means of a snap, screw or press fitting. The convex weight bearing surface 22 will moveably mate with the concave weight bearing surface 15 in the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) to enable the tandem swiveling and rolling action of the free spinning outer locking rim and the connected base choice. Swivel channel 21 mates with bottom edge 21a of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) giving it functional control of the swivel action at maximum tilt. In addition, swivel roller channel 21 and bottom edge 21a of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 accepts the full weight bearing duties of the glide for the singular rolling function at maximum tilt.
The outer bottom edge 24a of base 40 (FIG. 4) is a smooth convex surface to assist in the horizontal gliding movement of the glide and to act as the weight bearing roller base at maximum tilt. The smooth concave bottom surface 24 of base 40 (FIG. 4) enhances the swivel and rolling action of the free spinning glide base by directing the weight toward the outer bottom edge of the base to more evenly distribute weight toward the outside edge of the glide but not indent deeply into soft flooring surfaces, such as, carpets and rugs. This concave bottom surface 24 assists in initiating the movement of a piece of furniture in combination with the tandem swiveling and rolling ability of the glide. A furniture leg tends to imprint into the carpet or rug and requires the glide to swivel and roll in order to easily ride up the side of said imprint. Other glides that are flat bottomed carry the weight of the furniture evenly from the center and have more difficulty moving over deep carpet.
The soft glide base 50 (FIG. 5) has identical features as base 40 (FIG. 4) but differs that it has a flat bottom surface 25 being more suitable for hard flooring such as hardwood or tile and to accommodate the attachment of a cushion 60 (FIG. 6) which generally is a base material 26, such as, felt for a sliding function and reduce floor damage or a soft rubber for a non-skid function.
Diagram 10A (FIG. 7) shows a cross section of the three part swivel roller glide illustrating the mating of the weight bearing members, which are, the concave weight bearing surface 15 of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) and the convex weight bearing surface 22 of base 40 (FIG. 4) enabling the tandem swiveling and rolling ability of the glide. Also shown are the positioning of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) with the attachment means, in phantom, and the outer locking rim 20 (FIG. 2) mating with the optional base 40 (FIG. 4).
Diagram 10B (FIG. 9) depicts the mating of the bottom edge 21a of the inner attachment swivel roller hub 30 (FIG. 3) and swivel roller channel 21 in either base 40 or 50 (FIGS. 4&5) with the glide at maximum tilt and accepting the weight bearing duties of the glide.
I believe the combination of the choices of attachment means and base styles, along with the tandem swiveling and rolling action and the singular functional rolling ability of my glide make it a new and advanced design.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that certain variations can be made to the illustrated embodiments. It is the intention of the applicant to cover all such modifications and alternatives as may fall within the true scope of the invention as defined by means of the appended claims.