Patent Application
20220410542
This application claims priority to European Patent Application No. 21182001.4 filed Jun. 28, 2021, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The present disclosure relates to galley inserts and a method of making a galley insert.
Many aircraft are provided with a galley where food and/or beverages may be stored and may be prepared for serving during flight. It is common for an aircraft galley to be designed with an initial frame or “monument” into which galley inserts may be added. Galley inserts include refrigerators, freezers, ovens, microwave ovens, beverage dispensers such as coffer makers, as well as storage cabinets. The galley inserts in a given aircraft may be made by manufacturers different from the aircraft manufacturer, and may be designed to meet certain size and weight limitations such that the galley inserts may be slotted into the frame in the galley. Further, the galley inserts in a given galley may be swapped out and replaced as desired during the service life of the aircraft, e.g. for repair of the inserts or for replacement with another insert. Replacement may be done, for example, with a replacement insert of the same type as the insert being replaced, or with a different type of insert (e.g. swapping a refrigerator insert with an oven insert).
Such conventional galley inserts have generally been considered satisfactory for their intended purpose however there is a need for improved inserts.
According to a first aspect, there is provided a galley insert comprising: a housing; and a door; wherein the housing made from a first material, wherein the first material comprises: a first layer of continuous-fibre reinforced thermoplastic, CFRT, a second layer of CFRT, and a foam core arranged between the first and second layers of CFRT, wherein the second layer forms an outermost surface of the housing.
The door may be made from the first material, wherein the second layer forms an outermost surface of the door.
The door may comprise a display, and/or a handle, and/or a vent for allowing airflow through door.
The galley insert may be one of: an oven, a refrigerator, a beverage maker, and a cupboard.
The first material may have a thickness of less than five millimetres.
The fibres of the CFRT may be selected from the group of: glass fibres, metal fibres, aramid fibres, and carbon fibres.
The thermoplastic of the CFRT may be selected from the group of: polyetheimide (PEI), polysulphone (PS), polyethersulphone (PES), polyphenylsulphone (PPSU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polypropelene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene (PE) and combinations thereof.
The foam core may be made from a thermoplastic selected from the group of: polyetheimide (PEI), polysulphone (PS), polyethersulphone (PES), polyphenylsulphone (PPSU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polypropelene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene (PE) and combinations thereof.
The housing may comprise a first sidewall, a second sidewall, opposite the first sidewall, a top wall and a bottom wall, and a rear wall, wherein each of the top surface, bottom surface, and first and second side walls do not include one or more guide strips for positioning the galley insert relative to a frame.
According to a second aspect, there is provided an aircraft comprising: a galley; and at least one galley insert arranged in the galley; wherein the galley insert is a galley insert according to the first aspect.
According to a third aspect, there is provided a method of making a galley insert, the method comprising: forming a housing for the galley insert from a first material, wherein the first material comprises: a first layer of continuous-fibre reinforced thermoplastic, CFRT, a second layer of CFRT, and a foam core arranged between the first and second layers of CFRT, wherein the second layer forms an outermost surface of the housing; and connecting a door to the housing to form the galley insert.
The method may comprise a step of selecting the fibres of the CFRT from the group of: glass fibres, metal fibres, aramid fibres, and carbon fibres.
The method may comprise a step of selecting the thermoplastic of the CFRT from the group of: polyetheimide (PEI), polysulphone (PS), polyethersulphone (PES), polyphenylsulphone (PPSU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polypropelene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene (PE) and combinations thereof.
The method may comprise a step of selecting a foam of the foam core from the group of: polyetheimide (PEI), polysulphone (PS), polyethersulphone (PES), polyphenylsulphone (PPSU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polypropelene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene (PE) and combinations thereof.
The housing and door together may define an interior space of the galley insert, wherein the method may then further comprise a step of installing one or more components in the interior space, wherein the one or more components include any of: a heating element, a light, a refrigeration circuit, and a shelf.
Certain embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in greater detail by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
The door 102 has a display 122 and an air vent 124. The latches 118a,120a may be retractable into the body of the door 102 when the handle 106 is turned. The latches 118,120a may engage with corresponding recesses in the housing 116 to hold the door 102 shut.
The housing 116 and door 102 may thus define the outer extent of the galley insert 101, such that the galley insert 101 may be handled as a single distinct unit, and may be installed as a single unit in a frame or monument in the aircraft galley 100. Similarly, the galley insert 101 may be removed as a single unit from the galley 101.
The interior space 104 may store different components of the galley insert 101, depending on the type of galley insert 101. For example, a refrigerator galley insert 101 may have a refrigeration circuit and cooled compartment in the interior space 104, said refrigeration circuit for cooling the compartment and any items therein (e.g. food or beverages). By way of another example, an oven galley insert 101 may have heating elements and a heated compartment arranged in the interior space 104, said heating elements for heating the compartment and any items therein. In both of the aforementioned cases, the door 102 may allow a user to access the heated/cooled interior space 104.
The housing 116 may have one or more ports (not shown) to allow a power cable and/or a fluid pipe to connect components within the interior space 104 of the galley insert 101 to a power supply or a fluid supply, as appropriate, that is provided in the galley 100. Such ports will typically be in the rear of the galley insert 101, i.e. on a side opposite the door 102.
The material 10 comprises two layers 12, 16, and a core 14. The first layer 12 is a continuous-fibre reinforced thermoplastic material (hereafter referred to as a “CFRT material”). The second layer 16 is a CFRT material. The core 14 is a foam material and is disposed between the first layer 12 and the second layer 16. In use, the second layer 16 forms the outermost surface of the housing 116. The first layer 12 forms an interior surface of the housing 116. The interior surface of the housing 116, in conjunction with an interior surface of the door 112, when closed, defines the interior space 104 of the galley insert 101.
The core 14 is enclosed within the first 12 and second 16 layers and is not accessible without cutting through or otherwise removing one of the layers 12,16.
A CFRT material will typically substantially or entirely consists of: continuous fibres of a strong material encased in a thermoplastic resin. The resin holds the otherwise-flexible fibres in place and the fibres, in turn, provide substantial strength to the overall material.
Typically, the fibres may be arranged in a mold in a desired shape or format, such as a woven or non-woven fabric, and then the fibres are impregnated with a liquid thermoplastic resin under pressure. During formation, the liquid resin flows around and between the fibres. The liquid thermoplastic is then cooled, or allowed to cool, until it solidifies. The resulting part made from the CFRT material may then be removed from the mold.
The first layer 12 may use the same material for the fibres as used in the second layer 16, or different fibre materials may be used.
The first layer 12 may use the same thermoplastic as used in the second layer 16, or different thermoplastics may be used.
The foam material for the core 14 may be formed from a thermoplastic that is swelled or otherwise caused to foam.
Suitable thermoplastics for the foam include polyetheimide (PEI), polysulphone (PS), polyethersulphone (PES), polyphenylsulphone (PPSU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polypropelene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene (PE) and combinations thereof. These thermoplastics may be made into a foam using an appropriate swelling agent, or by gas injection.
Suitable fibres for the first layer 16 and for the second layer 12 include: glass fibres, metal fibres, aramid fibres (e.g. Kevlar™), and carbon fibres.
Suitable thermoplastics for the CFRT include: PEI, PPSU, PS, PEEK, PC, PES, PU, PC, or PP.
The material 10 may comprise further components, including one or more of: reinforcing fibres within the foam material of the core 14; reinforcing particles within the foam material of the core 14; a glue layer or a surface treatment to improve bonding between the first layer 12 and the core 14 and/or between the core 14 and the second layer 16; and one or more intermediate layers of CFRT material between the first 12 and second 16 layers.
The choice of foam material may be driven by thermal insulation properties. The choice of material for the fibres may be driven by strength and stiffness requirements for the layer. The choice of thermoplastic may be driven by the intended operating temperatures of the galley insert 101.
The specific choices made for the first layer 12, second layer 16, and core 14, may depend on the intended type of galley insert 101.
For example, for a galley insert 101 that is an oven, it may be important to have a more-heat resistant first layer 12 (i.e. on the side of the housing facing the interior space 104) compared to a galley insert 101 that is not an oven or microwave oven. Similarly, in this oven example, the foam material for the core 14 may be chosen on the basis of its insulation properties as compared to a galley insert 101 that is not an oven or microwave oven.
The choice of thermoplastic for the second layer 16, which forms an outermost surface of the housing 116, may for example be selected based on scratch resistance or ease-of-coloration, The specific combination of thermoplastic and fibres used in the (inner) first layer 12 may be different from the specific combination of the (outer) second layer 16 based on the different requirements for these two layers.
The material 10 may have an overall thickness T that is equal to the sum of a thickness T1 of the first layer 12, a thickness T2 of the core 14, and a thickness T3 of the second layer 16. In some embodiments, the overall thickness T is less than five millimeters (5 mm).
Galley inserts 101 are typically designed to fit into a slot in the frame in the galley 100 and therefore these galley inserts 101 must have predefined outer measurements. That is, for example, a galley insert 101 may be designed to have a predefined length from the front of the door 102 to the outermost extent of the rear wall of the housing 116. Similarly, the galley insert 101 may have a predefined width between the outer side of the left side way and the outer side of the right sidewall.
As such, having a thinner material 10 for the housing 116 may allow for a larger interior space 104 for a given exterior size of galley insert 101. Of course, a thinner section material will typically be weaker and/or provide less thermal insulation compared to a thicker section of the same material. Thus, there is a balance to be struck between providing a larger interior space 104 within the housing 116 against the need for sufficient strength, stiffness, and thermal insulation provided by the housing 116.
The use of CFRT layers 12,16 may provide a number of advantages over traditional housings for galley inserts. Firstly, CFRT layers may be made very strong, and can be capable of producing housings 116 (and doors 102) which are stronger and lighter than those of traditional galley inserts, such as those made of metals such as aluminium. Additionally, CFRT layers may be pre-coloured. This may allow for increased durability and life span of the galley inserts, as a pre-coloured CFRT layer will be more resistant to scratches and sink marks, compared to e.g. a painted galley insert. There is no single, thin, layer of paint or dye that defines the colour of the galley insert 101, as has previously been the case in traditional galley inserts. Galley inserts 101 formed with the material 10 having pre-coloured CFRT layers (12 and/or 16) may exhibit heightened scratch resistance. Further, the cost to produce and maintain such galley inserts 101 may be reduced as the need for paint and paint repairs may be decreased.
In addition to being stronger and lighter than traditional oven galley inserts, galley inserts 101 produced using the material 10 for the housing 116 (and, optionally, for the door 102 as well) may provide thermal insulation advantages over traditional oven doors. Due to the bonded, sandwiched construction of the material shown in
Saving weight is also a significant factor in the aircraft industry. Any weight savings in the production of aircraft components or equipment may lead to improved aircraft fuel efficiency. The material 10 described hereinabove for the housing 116 may be lighter than comparably-strong metal housing, which may allow the overall galley insert 101 to be significantly lighter than known designs of galley insert having a metal housing.
As the material 10 may have greater scratch resistance compared to known designs where a metal housing is painted, the housing 116 may have no slide strips. Slide strips are used on metal-housing galley inserts to guide the galley insert into its space in the frame or monument so as to avoid scratching the painted surface of the galley insert. These guide strips help avoid scratching paint on the metal housing of the galley insert as it is inserted or removed. These guide strips add weight and take up space within the galley. Eliminating the need for guide strips may therefore save weight and allow more efficient use of the available space. Thus, as the housing 116 of the present disclosure does not require slide strips due to its scratch resistance, further weight savings may be realised.
The housing 116, as shown in
Alternatively, a single panel of the material 10 may be pressed into the desired shape for the housing 116. Such pressing may occur alongside heating (either local heating at bend-points or general heating of the material 10) near a glass transition temperature the thermoplastic, or one of the thermoplastics, used in the material 10.
Either after or before forming the housing 116, one or more holes may be made in the material 10, so as to allow access through the housing 116 to the interior space 104. Such holes may allow a power cable and/or a fluid pipe to connect from the galley 100 to components (e.g. heating elements, refrigeration components, a light source etc.) inside the housing 116. The fluid pipe may be to attach to a water supply or to a gas supply, such as an air supply.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21182001.4 | Jun 2021 | EP | regional |
