Game accessory power supply connector

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6361370
  • Patent Number
    6,361,370
  • Date Filed
    Monday, July 17, 2000
    24 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, March 26, 2002
    22 years ago
Abstract
A game accessory power supply connector for compact computer devices such as, for example, hand held video games, utilizes the link port of the compact computer device to provide power to an accessory item connected thereto. The game accessory power supply connector includes an internally positioned power supply plug adapted to engage the link port of the game device when disposed in its operable position, and an externally positioned fully functional link port for use by the user while the connector utilizes the link port of the game device. By utilizing the link port of the game device, the accessory power supply connector can draw power for the connected accessory item from the power (batteries or AC connection) of the game device, and thereby does not require additional power supply for the accessory item.
Description




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




1. Field of the Invention




The present invention relates to hand held video games, and more particularly, to a releasably attachable light assembly for the hand held video game which enables game playing in low light conditions.




2. Description of the Related Art




Compact computers and video game devices having video viewing screens are becoming more and more popular and typically comprise hand-held portable, battery-operated devices. The viewing screen is typically a liquid crystal display (LCD) that is generally flat and displays information and or provides the screen for playing video games. Such compact computers and video games may include, but are not limited to: calculators, computer video games, lap top computers, and other computers where a variety of software is employed. In particular, compact video games, such as the compact video game systems known as GAME BOY™, GAME BOY POCKET™ and GAME BOY COLOR™ (Trademarks of Nintendo of America), are completely self-sustained video game systems which may be operated by interchangeably employing a collection from a library of software game packs. These Nintendo video game systems provide a compact, self-contained, battery-operated, portable hand-held computer with a cross key joy stick (directional-pad or D-pad) to operate the game, start and select buttons, action buttons and an LCD-type screen, together with volume controls so as to display and enable the user to display images and play games.




While video display screens are employed and typically include a flat LCD-type screen, such LCD-type display screens are often difficult to observe by the user in partial or low light conditions, such as, for example, automobiles, planes, trains, buses, and the like due to the lack of illumination on the LCD screen to permit suitable contrast during use.




U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,091,832 and 5,325,280 show a light apparatus for use with compact computer screens. As shown and described, the body includes an open video space designed to be the same size as the LCD video screen of the compact computer apparatus. The body includes a pair of sloped or angled white colored side panels and a top and bottom side panel and the white or light colored extending directly generally perpendicular to the video screen rather than sloped as illustrated for the side panels. The top side panel is integral with and extends from the bottom molded section of the body when the body sections are matingly engaged to form the body, the top panel with the panels on the top section then form a rectangular, open video viewing space of the apparatus.




The light apparatus includes a pair of light bulbs placed on either side of sloping panels and which side panels also include a short, solid, upward extending light shield so as to prevent the direct glare of the light bulbs onto the LCD screen and to provide for indirect lighting through reflection on the light-colored side panels onto the LCD viewing screen.




U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,117,339 and 5,165,779 disclose combined light and magnifier devices for hand-held computers with video screens. Each of these patents show a battery operated light assembly that is mounted to a separate assembly mounted adjacent the view screen and spaced from the magnifier lens. The devices shown in these patents are adapted to provide a screen magnifier while also providing additional light to the screen for playing in low light conditions.




Unfortunately, the use of an LCD screen in these hand-held video game devices makes the illumination of the same difficult. The primary reason for this difficulty is due to the fact that the plastic cover to the actual LCD screen is generally of a high-gloss finish, and as such has a tendency to reflect light. This reflection of light primarily occurs when the light shines substantially directly onto the screen, and thus, the high-gloss screen cover prevents the light from penetrating the cover and thereby illuminating the LCD screen.




In all of the aforementioned patents, the lighting assemblies utilize various different light sources that are generally directed toward the screen. The use of white or light colored frame sides is implemented in an effort to diffuse the light before projected onto the screen, however, neither the white or light colored sides of the frame prevent spotting or “hot spots” caused by the illumination of the light source immediately adjacent the viewing screen or even worse, when positioned so as to project light directly at the viewing screen. As such, the light source, in the area of disposition, causes a glare spot or “hot spot” on the high-gloss glass cover to the actual LCD display screen. Thus, the user's view is obstructed and not increased in these hot spot areas. Furthermore, dark spots are created on the screen where the additional light is not effectively distributed across the screen. In view of these drawbacks of the prior art patents, it would be desirable to provide a lighting assembly for a hand-held computer gaming device that does not have any screen “hot spots” or dark spots, and actually works to increase the viewing of the display screen.




SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION




It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved lighting assembly for hand-held video games that does not cause “hot spot” or other glaring effects from the use of light source to illuminate the LCD display.




It is yet another object of the invention to provide an improved lighting assembly for hand-held video games that effectively utilizes reflection techniques to efficiently illuminate the LCD display screen of the game device.




This and other objects are achieved in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention in which a light assembly for use in enhancing the view of a compact computer video screen includes a base portion adapted to fit over a top edge of the compact computer device. An upward extension is pivotally connected to the base portion and a reflector housing is pivotally connected to the upward extension. A light source is disposed within a recess in the upward extension and positioned so as to direct light away from the video screen. A reflector is disposed on the underside of the reflector housing and is adapted to reflect light from the light source downward toward the video screen. Through the variable positioning of the upward extension and reflector housing (via the pivotal connections) the user can selectively adjust the amount of light reflected down onto the video display screen.




Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are designed solely for purposes of illustration and not as a definition of the limits of the invention, for which reference should be made to the appended claims. It should be further understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale and that, unless otherwise indicated, they am merely intended to conceptually illustrate the structures and procedures described herein.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




In the drawings wherein like reference numerals denote similar elements throughout the several views:





FIG. 1



a


is a perspective view of the game light assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 1



b


is a perspective view of the game light assembly with the game playing apparatus shown in phantom;





FIG. 1



c


is a perspective view of the game light assembly according to another embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 1



d


is a bottom view of the game light assembly according to the embodiment of

FIG. 1



c;







FIG. 1



e


is a bottom view of the game light assembly according to another embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 1



f


is a top view of the game light assembly according to the embodiment of

FIG. 1



e;







FIG. 2

is a front view of game light assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 3



a


is a side view of the game light assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 3



b


is a side view of the game light assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 3



c


is a perspective view of the base portion of the game light assembly according to another embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 4

is a rear view of the game light assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 5

is a bottom view of the game light assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 6

is a perspective view of the game light assembly in an extended flattened position;





FIG. 7

is a perspective view of game accessory power supply connector for compact video game devices according to an embodiment of the present invention;





FIG. 8

is a side view of the game accessory power supply connector according to the invention;





FIG. 9

is a bottom view of the game accessory power supply connector according to the invention;





FIG. 10



a


is top perspective view of the game accessory power supply connector for compact video game devices according to another embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 10



b


is a bottom perspective view of the game accessory power supply connector for compact video game devices according to another embodiment of the invention;





FIG. 11

is a top view of the game accessory power supply connector depicted in

FIG. 10



a


as disposed on a compact video game device shown in phantom; and





FIG. 12

is a cross-sectional view of the game accessory power supply connector taken along lines XII—XII of FIG.


11


.











DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS





FIGS. 1



a


and


1




b


show the light assembly


10


according to an embodiment of the invention. Light assembly


10


includes a base portion


12


adapted to be releasably attached to a hand held video game device


5


and an upper portion having an upward extension


14


and reflector housing


16


. According to one embodiment, the base portion


12


has a left side


24


that includes a power supply plug


28


which is adapted and positioned to be inserted into the external link port of the hand held video game device. Power supply plug


28


engages the external link port of the hand held video game device


5


when disposed in its operable position (shown in

FIG. 1



b


) and thereby electrically connects the light assembly


10


to the battery power supply of the game device


5


. In this manner, the light assembly


10


does not need its own power supply or batteries. In one embodiment, an on/off power switch


50


can be provided on the base portion


12


which allows the user to selectively turn on and off the light assembly


10


. In another embodiment, there is no power switch on base portion


12


and the light assembly is powered on and off with the switching on and off of the game device. Those of ordinary skin in the art understand that the electrical connections made within the light assembly and the manner of manufacturing the same may be made by any suitable known type of electrical connections and manufacturing methods. Light assembly


10


is preferably made of molded plastic to dimensionally fit the Game Boys™, but may also be made of any suitable known material capable of being shaped into a desired style.





FIGS. 1



c


-


1




e


and

FIG. 4

show various other embodiments where the light assembly


10


includes its own power source. Referring to

FIGS. 1



c


and


1




d


, a battery compartment


25


is provided within base portion


12


and includes an access cover


27


that is releaseably connected to base portion


12


with a snap or other suitable connection. The size and type of battery or batteries


29


contained within the compartment


25


is a matter of design choice. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the type of battery and size thereof can be modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

FIGS. 1



e


and


1




f


show the disposition of the battery compartment


25


within reflector housing


16


. In this embodiment, the reflector


18


is connected to or integrally formed with the compartment cover


31


. Thus, the battery(ies)


29


are covered by the compartment cover


31


and are thereby contained within housing


16


underneath the reflector


18


.

FIG. 4

shows another embodiment where the battery compartment


25


is disposed within upward extension


14


and covered by a compartment cover


33


. Compartment cover


33


is preferably molded to conform to the shape and texture of the upward extension


14


and thereby is concealed from obvious view. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the actual location of the battery compartment


25


within the light assembly


10


is also a matter of design choice.




Light assembly


10


is disclosed in the style of a cobra snake. Those of skill in the art will recognize that the concepts and technology disclosed herein may be applied to a light assembly of any style and shape. Thus, the cobra style depicted herein is only one exemplary embodiment style of the light assembly of the present invention. In addition, the lighting system and technology of the present invention can be used for other applications such as, for example, a book light.




The upward extension


14


includes a recess


22


adapted to receive and house a light source


20


that is directed upward away from the display screen


7


of the game device


5


. Light source


20


can be any suitable known light source such as, for example, an incandescent bulb, a light emitting diode (LED), a directional LED, etc. A directional LED provides substantially collimated beam of light that is easily directable toward a particular surface. Those of skill in the art will recognize that the type of light source may be a matter of design choice and may be changed without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. In one preferred embodiment, the light source includes a lens or other means for facilitating the directability or focusing of the light toward the reflective surface. In another preferred embodiment, recess


22


is formed by providing an additional cavity


23


(

FIG. 3



b


) that protrudes from the backside of the upward extension


14


. This cavity


23


forms the recess


22


on the front side of the upward extension


14


.




The base portion


12


of the light assembly


10


includes various integrated extensions


34


,


36


and


38


in order to increase its strength and integrity during attachment and detachment to and from the game device


5


. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that other methods and designs for these portions of base


12


can be altered without departing from the scope of the invention.

FIGS. 10



a


-


12


show another embodiment of the base portion (to be discussed later) that eliminates extensions


34


,


36


and


38


and provides a stronger design by integrating thicker support ribs and facia or upper rim


102


. The left side


24


of the base portion


12


includes a power supply plug


28


that is positioned so that when light assembly


10


slidably engages the top edge of the game device


5


in the direction shown by the arrow in

FIG. 1



a


, power supply plug


28


is inserted into the external link port (not shown) of the game device


5


. Although the external link port of the game device


5


is generally used to link the game device to another for head-to-head game playing, by designing plug


28


to contact select electrical contacts within the link port, light assembly


10


can utilize the power of the game device (e.g., internal or external battery power supplies) to power light source


20


. Thus, the use of other additional power supplies or batteries to power the light assembly are not necessary. In one embodiment (discussed later with respect to

FIGS. 3



a


-


3




c


), access to the link port will continue to be provided while the light assembly


10


is mounted in its operable position on game device


5


. The game device


5


also includes a volume control (not shown) that is disposed adjacent the link port. As such, the left side


24


of the base portion


12


is designed so as to not interfere with the operation of the adjacently positioned volume control dial.




Depending on the particular game device


5


, an infrared (IR) window (not shown—e.g., GAME BOY™ and GAME BOY COLOR™) or on/off power switch (not shown—e.g., GAME BOY POCKET™) is disposed on the top edge of the game device. As such, base portion


12


includes a cutout or opening


30


(

FIGS. 1



a


,


1




b


and


2


) positioned so as to accommodate the IR window or on/off switch on the game device and keep them accessible when light assembly


10


is disposed in its operable position.




Referring to

FIGS. 1



a


,


1




b


,


3




a


,


3




b


and


5


, during operation light source


20


is illuminated and positioned within recess


22


such that the light emanating therefrom is directed upward toward reflector housing


16


and away from display screen


7


. As shown in

FIG. 5

, reflector housing


16


includes a substantially flat reflector


18


disposed on the underside of the housing. Through the use of hinges


40


and


42


, the reflector housing


16


and upward extension


14


can be selectively positioned to reflect the light back down toward the display screen


7


of the game device


5


. Reflector


18


can be any suitable known type of reflector such as, for example, a mirror, reflective mylar, hot stamped chrome plate etc. It is also contemplated to have reflector


18


integrally formed into the underside of the reflector housing


16


. As mentioned previously, light source


20


is directed upward toward reflector


18


on the underside of housing


16


. As such, the light emanating from light source


20


is reflected downward by the reflector


18


and thereby illuminates the display screen


7


in an even and diffused manner. As shown in

FIGS. 3



a


and


3




b


, through the application of hinged connections


40


and


42


, the user can manipulate the angular positions of upward extension


14


and reflector housing


16


to adjust the angular position of reflector


18


with respect to the light source, and thereby enables the user to increase and/or decrease the amount of light being directed toward display screen


7


corresponding to the angular position of the reflector. In other embodiments (not shown), hinges


40


and


42


can be eliminated and light assembly


10


with base portion


12


, upward extension


14


and reflector housing


16


are predeterminately positioned and molded so as to provide the maximum lighting ability for the display screen


7


of the game device


5


.




In view of the fact that light assembly


10


can utilize the link port of the game device


5


in order to obtain power, a link port


44


(

FIGS. 3



a


and


3




b


) is provided on the external surface of the base portion


12


so as to provide the user with all the functionality of such link port while the light assembly


10


is disposed in its operable position on the game device


5


.

FIG. 3



c


shows another embodiment of the positioning of link port


44


on the external surface of base portion


12


. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the position of the externally provided link port


44


can be changed without departing from the spirit of this disclosure.





FIG. 5

shows a bottom view of the light assembly


10


and how the base portion


12


engages the game device


5


according to one preferred embodiment. The right side


26


of base portion


12


includes a small flange


52


adapted to engage the corresponding top corner of the game device


5


. As described earlier, when base portion


12


is slid onto the top edge of the game device (see arrow direction in

FIG. 1



a


) flange


52


snaps over the top corner edge of the game device. This “snap over” flange


52


, in conjunction with the power supply connection


28


with the link port of the game device


5


, secures the light assembly


10


into its operable position on the game device. Conversely, the removal of light assembly


10


simply requires the user to “un-snap” flange


52


from its secured position over the top edge and slide the base portion


12


of the light assembly in the reverse direction of the arrow indicated in

FIG. 1



a


for removal from the game device


5


.





FIG. 6

shows the light assembly


10


in a flattened position over the game device


5


. Through the hinged connection


40


of the reflector housing


16


with upward extension


14


and the hinged connection


42


of the upward extension with the base portion


12


, the light assembly


10


can be flattened over the game device


5


and screen


7


as shown. This folding aspect (or unfolding) of the light assembly not only functions to place the light assembly


10


into a storage position without requiring its removal from the game device, but also functions to protect the upper surface of the game device


5


.





FIGS. 7-9

shows a game accessory power supply connector


70


for use with any type of accessory item. The game accessory power supply connector


70


can be integrated into any type of accessory item for the game device. It is preferable that the particular type of accessory item be one that requires battery power to operate, thus enabling the use of the game device link port as described in several embodiment of the invention. Game accessory power supply connector


70


includes a base portion


71


that is substantially identical to the base portion


12


of the light assembly


10


. Briefly, the base portion


71


includes left and right sides


80


and


82


, respectively, the IR window—on/off switch opening


76


, an on/off switch


74


and the power supply plug


72


. Base portion


71


also includes an external link port


86


which can be variously positioned on connector


70


according to design choice.




The connection of the game accessory power supply connector


70


is also identical to that of the base portion


12


of the light assembly


10


. Thus, when the connector


70


is slid onto the top edge of the game device (see arrow direction in

FIG. 1



a


) flange


84


snaps over the top comer edge of the game device. This “snap over” flange


84


secures the connector


70


into its operable position on the game device. The removal of connector


70


is also identical to that of base portion


12


described earlier.





FIGS. 10



a


and


10




b


show a preferred embodiment for a game accessory power supply connector


100


according to the invention. Connector


100


has an upper surface


102


on which hinge


106


is disposed for connection to, for example, the upward extension


14


(

FIGS. 1



a


and


1




b


). The rear side


101


of connector


100


includes the IR/on/off switch window


110


and the external link port


114


is provided on one side. Similar to the flange


52


described with reference to the embodiment of

FIG. 5

, connector


100


includes flange


104


adapted to snap over the top corner edge of the game device


5


. The upper surface


102


of connector


100


is designed to be thicker than that of the previously discussed embodiments, and as such the structural integrity of the connector is substantially increased. Those of ordinary skill will appreciate that other designs for increasing the overall integrity and strength of the connector can be made without departing from the spit of the present invention.




Connector


100


engages the game device


5


is a slightly more enhanced manner than that of the aforementioned embodiments. Referring to

FIGS. 11 and 12

, the game device


5


includes a display screen


7


that is covered by a glass or plastic panel


9


that is larger than the display screen. Panel


9


meets with the upper edge


11


of the game device


5


and is slightly recessed from this upper edge


11


so as to form a small ledge between the panel


9


and edge


11


. Connector


100


includes a flange


112


extending downward from the upper surface


102


and positioned such that the upper surface


102


substantially extends across the upper edge


11


of the game device


5


and flange


112


engages over the small ledge formed with panel


9


and thereby secures connector


100


to the top edge of the game device


5


. An optional on/off switch


116


is also provided.




While there have been shown and described and pointed out fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions, changes in the form and details of the devices illustrated, and in their operation, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, it is expressly intended that all combinations of those elements and/or method steps which perform substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve the same results are within the scope of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the claims appended hereto.



Claims
  • 1. A game accessory power supply connector for use with a compact computer device and for providing power to an accessory item, the compact computer device having a power supply, an on/off power switch and a link port, the game accessory power supply connector comprising:a housing having internal and external surfaces; a power supply plug disposed on an internal surface of said housing and adapted to engage the link port of the compact computer device; and means for securing said housing to at least one external surface of the compact computer device.
  • 2. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 1, wherein said means for securing comprises a flange extending from said housing and adapted to snap over a top corner edge of the compact computer device when said power supply plug is inserted into said link port.
  • 3. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 1, wherein the compact computer device further comprises a top edge, a cover panel covering the video screen and an upper edge extending from said cover panel to the top edge, said cover panel being slightly recessed from said upper edge to form a ledge, said securing means comprising an elongated upper surface having a downward extending flange adapted to snap over the upper edge of said compact computer device and engage the ledge formed between said upper edge and the cover panel.
  • 4. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 1, further comprising an external link port disposed on an external surfaces of said housing for providing a functional link port for use by a user while said power supply plug is disposed within the link port of the compact computer device.
  • 5. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 1, wherein the accessory item electrically connected to said housing.
  • 6. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 5, wherein the accessory item is integrally formed with said housing.
  • 7. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 1, wherein said housing further comprises a power on/off switch electrically connected to said power supply plug for selectively providing power to the accessory item.
  • 8. A game accessory power supply connector for use with a compact computer device and for providing power to an accessory item, the compact computer device having a power supply, an on/off power switch and a link port, the game accessory power supply connector comprising:a housing having internal and external surfaces and an accessory item electrically connected thereto; a power supply plug disposed on an internal surface of said housing and adapted to engage the link port of the compact computer device, said power supply plug obtaining power for the accessory item from the power supply of the compact computer device; an external link port disposed on one of the external sides of said housing for providing another functional link port for use by a user while said power supply plug is disposed within the link port of the compact computer device; and means for securing said housing to the compact computer device.
  • 9. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 8, wherein said means for securing comprises a flange extending from said base portion and adapted to snap over a top comer edge of the compact computer device when said power supply plug is inserted into said link port.
  • 10. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 8, wherein the compact computer device further comprises a top edge, a cover panel covering the video screen and an upper edge extending from said cover panel to the top edge, said cover panel being slightly recessed from said upper edge to form a ledge, said securing means comprising an elongated upper surface having a downward extending flange adapted to snap over the upper edge of said compact computer device and engage the ledge formed between said upper edge and the cover panel.
  • 11. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 8, wherein said housing further comprises a power on/off switch electrically connected to said power supply plug for selectively providing power to the accessory item.
  • 12. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 8, wherein the accessory item is electrically connected to said housing.
  • 13. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 8, wherein the accessory item is integrally formed with and electrically connected to said housing.
  • 14. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 8, wherein said means for securing comprises the connection between said power supply plug and the link port of the compact computer device.
  • 15. A game accessory power supply connector for use with a compact computer device and for providing power to an accessory item, the compact computer device having a power supply, an on/off power switch, a top edge, a cover panel covering the video screen, an upper edge extending from said cover panel to the top edge, and a link port, the cover panel being recessed from the upper edge to form a ledge, the game accessory power supply connector comprising:a housing having internal and external surfaces; and means for securing said housing to at least one external surface of the compact computer device, said securing means comprising an elongated upper surface of said housing having a downward extending flange adapted to snap over the upper edge of the compact computer device and engage the ledge formed between the upper edge and the cover panel.
  • 16. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 15, further comprising a power supply plug disposed on an internal surface of said housing and adapted to engage the link port of the compact computer device.
  • 17. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 16, further comprising an external link port disposed on an external surface of said housing for providing a functional link port for use by a user while said power supply plug is disposed within the link port of the compact computer device.
  • 18. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 16, wherein said housing further comprises a power on/off switch electrically connected to said power supply plug for selectively providing power to the accessory item.
  • 19. The game accessory power supply connector according to claim 16, wherein said securing means further comprises a flange extending from said housing and adapted to snap over a top corner edge of the compact computer device when said power supply plug is inserted into said link port.
RELATED APPLICATION INFORMATION

This application is a Divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/590,992 filed on Jun. 9, 2000, pending.

US Referenced Citations (17)
Number Name Date Kind
4091246 Donofronio et al. May 1978 A
5091832 Tortola et al. Feb 1992 A
5117339 Tortola et al. May 1992 A
5119239 Iaquinto et al. Jun 1992 A
5130907 Tortola et al. Jul 1992 A
5132849 Cordes Jul 1992 A
5165779 Tortola et al. Nov 1992 A
5325280 Tortola et al. Jun 1994 A
5539801 Herh et al. Jul 1996 A
5543831 Tsuji et al. Aug 1996 A
5552917 Darbee et al. Sep 1996 A
5729478 Ma et al. Mar 1998 A
5738954 Latella et al. Apr 1998 A
6074228 Berg et al. Jun 2000 A
6142802 Berg et al. Nov 2000 A
6186636 Naghi et al. Feb 2001 B1
6273581 Neiser Aug 2001 B1