Gaming system with identity verification

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 8708805
  • Patent Number
    8,708,805
  • Date Filed
    Wednesday, August 15, 2012
    12 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, April 29, 2014
    10 years ago
Abstract
A gaming system is provided. The gaming system allows users to access applications via gaming communication devices coupled to a communication network. At least a portion of the network may be wireless. The gaming applications include gambling, financial, entertainment service, and other types of transactions. The system may include a user location determination feature to prevent users from conducting transactions from unauthorized areas. The gaming system may incorporate a user profile feature according to which certain information regarding users of the system may be maintained. Such information can include, without limitation, information relating to preferences, finances, activities participated in by the users, and trends and habits of the users.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to the field of gaming and, more particularly to a gaming system and method incorporating a wireless network.


BACKGROUND

The gaming industry allows people to participate in a variety of gaming activities within the limits of state and federal law. Possible gaming activities include gambling, such as that provided by casinos. Casino-type gambling activities include, but are not limited to, slot machines, table games, poker, keno, and other gaming activities that allow for the placement of bets. Events also may be wagered on and may include, for example, sporting events, such as horse or auto racing, and athletic competitions such as football, basketball, baseball, boxing, and golf. Gaming can also include non-wagering games and events, such as lottery contests. In a casino environment, the participation in such gaming activities is generally limited by a participant's physical location. For example, participants in casino-type gambling activities must be present at a gaming machine or at a gaming table within the casino in order to place a bet. Similarly, people interested in wagering on sporting events or athletic competitions in a casino environment must place bets through a sports book that is located in the casino.


SUMMARY

Various embodiments of the invention are directed to gaming systems, which may be wireless gaming systems. According to certain embodiments, the gaming system is operable to make various gaming activities available to one or more users over a communications network and to display information associated with the activities to the users on gaming devices. The gaming devices may be mobile communication devices. Gaming activities may include any activities referred to or contemplated herein and are not limited to games. Gaming activities can include, for example, games, gambling activities, sporting events, purchase of goods or services, and accessing concierge services.


In accordance with an example embodiment, a gaming system includes at least one processor, at least one data storage device electronically coupled to the processor; and at least one gaming device in electronic communication with the processor. The at least one data storage device stores at least one user profile. The at least one user profile comprises at least one data set associated with a user of the gaming system. The at least one data set represents at least one characteristic of the user. The system is operable to recognize an event and update the at least one data set in response to the event.


In accordance with another example embodiment, a method is provided for maintaining a user profile in a gaming system. The method includes steps. One step includes establishing an initial profile. Another step includes storing at least a portion of the user profile on a data storage device. Another step includes recognizing the occurrence of an event. Another step includes updating the user profile in response to the event.


In accordance with another example embodiment, software is provided for managing a user profile in a gaming system. The software operable to establish an initial profile. The software is also operable to store at least a portion of the user profile on a data storage device. The software is also operable to recognize the occurrence of an event. The software is also operable to update the user profile in response to the event.


Various embodiments of the present invention may benefit from numerous advantages. It should be noted that one or more embodiments may benefit from some, none, or all of the advantages discussed below.


One advantage is that the system enables remote, wireless, mobile gaming over a secure network. Another advantage is that the system enables remote, wireless, mobile, gaming, while preventing gaming by unauthorized users and from unauthorized locations. Another advantage is the enablement of a gaming system accessible by remote, wireless, mobile users, wherein the system includes gaming communication devices used by the users and connected to a communication network, and wherein a portion of the communication network is movable.


Certain embodiments present the advantage of enabling an entity that provides wireless gaming services to track various gaming parameters related to one or more users of the gaming services. Among other things, this enables the entity to customize the gaming experience for the users. It also enables the gaming provider to more efficiently manage information associated with activities engaged in by the users. Among other things, this leads to more accurate and useable data for such things as tracking, management, service provision and back-end applications. Tracking of user profile information also allows for more efficient activities such as audits, reporting, system updates, and modification to the gaming services be provided.


Other advantages will be readily apparent to one having ordinary skill in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present invention and for further features and advantages, reference is now made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:



FIG. 1 illustrates a gaming system according to an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 2 illustrates a gaming system with a wireless network according to an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a gaming system illustrating various gaming activities in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 4 illustrates a gaming system showing coverage areas in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 5 illustrates a gaming system with a wireless network showing triangulation location determination in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 6 is a flow chart depicting steps in a gaming method according to an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 7 depicts a gaming system showing a communication path in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 8 illustrates a ship-based gaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;



FIG. 9 illustrates a wireless gaming system with user profiles in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and



FIG. 10 illustrates a method of providing user profiles in a wireless gaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A gaming system enables participants to engage in gaming activities from remote and/or mobile locations. The possible gaming activities include gambling, such as that provided by casinos. Gambling activities may include any casino-type gambling activities including, but not limited to, slot machines, video poker, table games (e.g., craps, roulette, blackjack, pai gow poker, Caribbean stud poker, baccarat, etc), the wheel of fortune game, keno, sports betting, horse racing, dog racing, jai alai, and other gambling activities. The gaming activities can also include wagering on any type of event. Events can include, for example, sporting events, such as horse or auto racing, and athletic competitions such as football, basketball, baseball, golf, etc. Events can also include such things that do not normally involve wagering. Such events may include, without limitation, political elections, entertainment industry awards, and box office performance of movies. Gaming can also include non-wagering games and events. Gaming can also include lotteries or lottery-type activities such as state and interstate lotteries. These can include all forms of number-selection lotteries, “scratch-off” lotteries, and other lottery contests. The gaming system may be implemented over a communications network such as a cellular network or a private wireless and/or wireline network. Examples of the latter include WiFi and WiMax networks. In one embodiment, the gaming system communications network is entirely independent of the Internet. In another embodiment, the gaming system operation makes minimal use of the Internet, such that only information for which there is no security issues is transmitted via the Internet and/or information may be encrypted. Preferably, the communications network enables users to participate in gaming from remote locations (e.g., outside of the gaming area of a casino). Also, the system may enable users to be mobile during participation in the gaming activities. Preferably, the system has a location verification or determination feature, which is operable to permit or disallow gaming from the remote location depending upon whether or not the location meets one or more criteria. The criterion may be, for example, whether the location is within a pre-defined area in which gaming is permitted by law.


According to certain embodiments, the wireless gaming system can incorporate a user profile element. One or more user profiles may be created, maintained, and modified, for example, on one or more of the servers of the gaming system. Generally, the user profiles include information relating to respective users. The information may be maintained in one or more databases. The information may be accessible to the gaming server and/or to one or more mobile devices. The devices which may access the information may, according to certain embodiments, include gaming devices or gaming management devices. Gaming management devices may include wireless devices used by casino staff to provide gaming services or gaming management services.


At least certain embodiments include software and/or hardware to enable the provision, modification, and maintenance of one or more user profiles. Thus, one or more user profiles may each comprise a set of data maintained in a data storage device. The data set(s) for each respective user profile may reflect any of a number of parameters or pieces of information, which relate to the particular user(s) corresponding to the profile(s). Although not intended to be exhaustive, such information may include, for example, gaming activity preferences, such as preferred game and/or game configuration, preferred screen configuration, betting preferences, gaming location preferences, dining and other service preferences, and so forth. The information may also include user identity information, such as name, home address, hotel name and room number, telephone numbers, social security numbers, user codes, and electronic files of fingerprint, voice, photograph, retina scan, or other biometric information. User profile information may also include information relating to the user, but not determined by the user or the user's activities. Such information may include any information associated with, or made part of, a profile. For example, an entity such as a casino, may include as part of a profile certain rules governing the distribution of promotions or offers to the user. User profile information can include any codes, account numbers, credit information, approvals, interfaces, applications, or any other information which may be associated with a user. Thus, user profile information may include any information that is particular to a given user. For example, profile information may include the location(s) at which a particular user has played, skill levels, success levels, types of games played, and betting styles, and trends of information relating to the user's activities.


In particular embodiments, user profile information can include concierge or other service information that is associated with a user. Concierge services may include restaurant services, entertainment services, hotel services, money management services, or other appropriate services that may be offered to the user of a gaming device. For example, restaurant services may include, without limitation, services that allow the user to order drinks, order food, make reservations, or perform other restaurant related activities. As another example, entertainment services may include, without limitation, services that allow the user to purchase show tickets, arrange appointments or services, virtually shop, arrange transportation, or perform other entertainment related activities. Hotel services may include, for example, services that allow the user to check in, check out, make spa appointments, check messages, leave messages, review a hotel bill, or perform other guest-related activities. Money management services may include, for example, services that allow the user to transfer funds, pay bills, or perform other money management activities.


The gaming system may be configured to establish a new profile for any user who is using a gaming device for the first time. Alternatively, a new profile may be established for a prior user who has not played for a predetermined time period. The gaming system may set up the profile, monitor user activities, adjust the profile, and adjust information (such as graphics) displayed to the user. The gaming system may be configured to use the profile information to alter the presentation of gaming information to the user. For example, if a prior user has returned to the gaming system, the system may consult the profile for the user and determine that in the prior session of gaming the user lost money on craps but won money on blackjack. Based on this information, the system may adjust the default gaming screen and present a blackjack table for the user. As a further example, the profile information may indicate that the majority of the user's prior blackjack time was spent on $25 minimum tables. The system may, accordingly, make a further adjustment to the gaming environment and make the blackjack table being presented a $25 table. In this sense, the gaming system enables personalized wireless gaming based on one or more criteria maintained in a user profile.


The user profiles may be established, maintained, and periodically updated as necessary to enable a gaming provider to provide an enhanced, current, and/or customized gaming experience. Updates may be undertaken based on any suitable trigger, such as the occurrence of an event, the occurrence of a user activity, or the passage of a certain predetermined time period. Any or all of the profile information may be updated.


As shown in FIG. 1, for example, gaming system 10 includes at least one user 12. The system may include additional users such that there is at least a first user 12 and a second user 14. Multiple users may access a first gaming system 10, while other multiple users access a second gaming system (not shown) in communication with first gaming system 10. Users 12 and 14 preferably access system 10 by way of a gaming communication device 13. Gaming communication device 13 may comprise any suitable device for transmitting and receiving electronic communications. Examples of such devices include, without limitation, mobile phones, personal data assistants (PDAs), computers, mini-computers, etc. Gaming communication devices 13 transmit and receive gaming information to and from communications network 16. Gaming information is also transmitted between network 16 and a computer 18, such as a server, which may reside within the domain of a gaming service provider 20. The location of computer 18 is not critical, however, and computer 18 may reside adjacent to or remote from the domain of gaming service provider 20. Moreover, in certain embodiments, a gaming service provider is not required. The computer 18 and/or gaming service provider 20 may reside within, adjacent to, or remote from a gaming provider (not shown in FIG. 1). The gaming provider may be an actual controller of games, such as a casino. As an example, a gaming service provider may be located on the grounds of a casino and the computer 18 may be physically within the geographic boundaries of the gaming service provider. As discussed, however, other possibilities exist for remote location of the computer 18 and the gaming service provider 20. Computer 18 may function as a gaming server. Additional computers (not expressly shown) may function as database management computers and redundant servers, for example.


Preferably, software resides on both the gaming communication device 13 and the computer 18. Software resident on gaming communication device 13 is preferably operable to present information corresponding to gaming activities (including gambling and non-gambling activities discussed herein) to the user. The information includes, without limitation, graphical representations of objects associated with the activities, and presentation of options related to the activities and selectable by the user. The gaming communication device software is also preferably operable to receive data from the computer and data input by the user. Software resident on the computer is preferably able to exchange data with the gaming communication device, access additional computers and data storage devices, and perform all of the functions described herein as well as functions common to known electronic gaming systems.


Gaming information transmitted across network 16 may include any information, in any format, which is necessary or desirable in the operation of the gaming experience in which the user participates. The information may be transmitted in whole, or in combination, in any format including digital or analog, text or voice, and according to any known or future transport technologies, which may include, for example, wireline or wireless technologies. Wireless technologies may include, for example, licensed or license-exempt technologies. In particular embodiments, network 16 may include a Land Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), a Personal Area Network (PAN), the Internet, an Intranet, an Extranet, or any combination of these or other suitable communication networks. Some specific technologies which may be used include, without limitation, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), WiFi (802.11x), WiMax (802.16x), Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), Blue Tooth, or cable modem technologies. These are examples only and one of ordinary skill will understand that other types of communication techniques are within the scope of the present invention. Further, it will be understood that additional components may be used in the communication of information between the users and the gaming server. Such additional components may include, without limitation, lines, trunks, antennas, switches, cables, transmitters, receivers, computers, routers, servers, fiber optical transmission equipment, repeaters, amplifiers, etc.


In at least one embodiment, the communication of gaming information takes place without involvement of the Internet. However, in certain embodiments, a portion of the gaming information may be transmitted over the Internet. Also, some or all of the gaming information may be transmitted partially over an Internet communications path. In certain embodiments, some information is transmitted entirely or partially over the Internet, but the information is either not gaming information or is gaming information that does not need to be maintained secretly. For instance, data that causes a graphical representation of a table game on the user's gaming communication device might be transmitted at least partially over the Internet, while wagering information transmitted by the user might be transmitted entirely over a non-Internet communications network.


Certain user profile aspects are depicted in FIGS. 9 and 10, for example. As shown in FIG. 9, certain embodiments of the gaming system may include software and hardware to enable the provision of user profiles. Accordingly, system 910 includes at least one user 912. Users 912 preferably access system 910 by way of gaming communication devices 913. Gaming communication devices 913 transmit and receive gaming information to and from communications network 916. Gaming information is also transmitted between network 916 and a computer 918, such as a server, which may reside within the domain of a gaming service provider 920. As with the description of system 10 in connection with FIG. 1, this is an example illustration only and it will be readily understood that system 910 may be modified in any number of ways within the scope and spirit of the detailed description. For example, the computer 918 may comprise multiple servers, which may be centralized or distributed. Preferably, system 910 includes at least one database 922. The database(s) 922 may be any suitable database capable of receiving, storing, and/or distributing electronic data.


One or more user profiles 924 are maintained within database 922. Each user profile 924 preferably consists of one or more data files. It should be, however, that the user profiles may be maintained in any form that allows establishment, maintenance, and or updating of the profiles via the transfer of electronic information. It should also be understood that the user profile information may be centralized or distributed and certain portions of user profile information may be maintained at different elements within or without system 910. A graphic user interface (“GUI”) 926 may also be provided to enable or assist in the management of information within user profiles 924.


According to at least one embodiment, at least one user profile includes various information corresponding to at least one user of system 910. Such information may include, for example, user-specific information and non-user specific information. User-specific information may include any information that is determined in whole or in part by some characteristic of the user. For example, user-specific information may include information relating to user preferences, activities, habits, location, identity, etc. Non-user specific information may include any information that is not necessarily dictated by user characteristics. Non-user specific information may, however, be associated with one or more users. For example, non-user specific information may include gaming configurations, promotional information, activity schedules, etc.


Preference information may include any information which is at least partially determinative of a user's preferences with respect to at least one aspect of the gaming services. As such, preference information may be at least partially determinative of gaming presentation, gaming configuration, screen or display configuration, available activities, betting limits, service availability, service preferences, notifications, communication preferences, personnel and staff preferences, etc. Activity information may include any information reflecting a user's activities, whether they be gaming or service activities. As such activity information may include such things as indications of activity types during a particular time period, services and or games accessed by the user, applications for credit, funds transfers, service activities (e.g., dining, room service, laundry, car rental, etc.), bets made, win and loss information, cashing out activities, communication with staff, etc. Habit information may include any information reflecting an indication of a habit or trend of activity of a user. Such information may include, for example, increases or decreases in gaming times, bet amounts, frequency of activities, transfer of funds, times in which activities are undertaken, associations between two or more activities, etc. Location information may include any information related to a user's location within a predetermined space. The space may be a jurisdiction, state, region, country, city, casino property, casino gaming area, race track, sports venue, store, hotel, recreation area, restaurant, theater, or any other relevant space. The location information may include associated information such as date, time of day, or other information associated with the location of the user. The location information may include information to reflect location over a certain time period or multiple time periods. The location information may indicate a series of locations, a route, a preferred destination, etc. Identify information may include any information indicative of the identity of the user. Such information may include, for example, name, address, phone number, codes, social security numbers, passwords, user names, login identifications, and biometric information (e.g., retain scan, fingerprint, and voice print information).


Non-user specific information is intended to encompass any information that does not necessarily correspond to a particular user. Such information can include gaming configurations, schedules, available gaming activities or services, displays, menus, announcement content, promotional content, information about other users or non-users (e.g., staff), and the like.



FIG. 10 illustrates an example method 1010 for establishing, maintaining, modifying, and acting on, a user profile. According to a first step 1012, a user profile is initially established. The establishment of the user profile may comprise the creation of one or more data files to include one or more pieces of profile information. The profile information may include, for example, user-specific information such as name, credit information, and identity information. The user information may be any type of information considered or discussed herein. At step 1014, an event occurs, which impacts at least one piece of information within the user profile. At step 1016, the user profile is updated as a result of the event. In certain cases, the user profile is updated to reflect and/or record the occurrence of the event. In other instances, the occurrence of the event merely causes a piece of information to be updated. At step 1018, the user profile is queried to determine the existence of one or more parameters. A parameter may be any suitable piece of information. For example, the query may determine whether any portion of the user profile information matches a piece of information specified by the query. At step 1020, if the response to the query is affirmative, then a response action is initiated. Otherwise, the method returns to step 1014 to accept additional updates of the user profile.


Step 1012 may be accomplished in any number of ways. For example, initial profile information may be entered (e.g., through a GUI), by a data entry person. Initial profile information may include certain base level information necessary for the user to be able to operate a remote gaming device. For instance, initial information may include a name and password. Other information, such as credit information and additional verification information, may be required to access certain gaming activities and services. The profile may be initially created by data entry techniques, or by transfer of information from an external system or application. For example, a casino or hotel may have an existing system to collect certain information about a guest. A casino, for instance, may have a system that maintains information about certain users for purposes of managing comps. A hotel may collect certain information about its guests (e.g., upon check in). The gaming system may be configured to initiate and/or accept a transfer of information from such an external system to the profile data fields.


The event at step 1014 may be any suitable event, which can serve as a trigger to change the profile information. The change may be an addition or deletion of information, or a change to existing information. The event may be, for example, the occurrence of a particular day of the week, or time of day, or a certain time within every hour. The event may be other types of events such as an action by a user. For example, a user event may include such things as a user arriving at a certain location, such as a particular casino or a particular area (e.g., casino floor, pool area, lobby, hotel room, restaurant, theater, store, etc.) within a casino property, a certain jurisdiction (e.g., crossing a particular state border), or a particular game (e.g., a certain slot machine or gaming table). The event may also be the selection, by a user, of a particular gaming activity or service. The event may also be the selection of any menu item offered by the gaming system. For example, the event may be the user's entry of a particular type of bet or a bet amount, or the selection of a particular game, the purchase of services or merchandise, or the attendance of an event such as a show. The event may also be an administrative event, such as check in, check out, establishment of a credit line, the deposit or transfer of gaming funds, or the registration of a user or a device. Any event described or contemplated herein, or which enables or relates to any of the activities described herein, may serve as an event. Events may also include occurrences that are not directly related to user activities. For example, an event may be the start of a tournament or sporting event, or the arrival of a particular staff person at a particular gaming table or other location within a casino property.


Step 1016 may comprise any updating scenario in which any portion of the profile information is updated. Updates may include additions, deletions, or modifications. Updates may be made to information that directly corresponds to the event. For example, a portion of the profile may indicate a user's last bet amount. Thus, a subsequent user bet that is a different amount may cause the last bet amount to be updated. Updates may also be made, however, to portions of the profile that do not directly correspond to the event. For example, a portion of the profile may indicate an average bet amount for a certain time period. A new bet may cause the average bet amount to be updated. The relationship between the event and the portion of the profile being updated may be even more remote. For example, a bet by a user may result in a total amount of bets placed by the user during a certain time period to reach a predetermined amount. This might, in turn, trigger a comp or promotion.


Step 1018 can comprise any suitable type of query scenario. A query may be initiated by an operator, staff person, user, or other individual. The query may be automatically generated based on a certain event. The query may be made at a desired, predetermined time, or at a randomly-selected time. The query may correspond to a particular event. For example, a user's selection of a $100 minimum blackjack table may initiate a query regarding the user's credit limit or past betting styles or preferences. Information entered by a user or another entity may form all or part of a query, or may cause a predetermined query to be initiated. The query may be made to determine what is indicated by a particular portion of the profile. Alternatively, the query may determine whether the profile portion matches a predetermined value (e.g., text, numeric, or other).


At step 1020, the action may comprise any suitable action. An action may also comprise taking no action. An action may directly correspond to the event, or to the portion of the profile being queried. Alternatively, the action may have no direct connection to the event and/or may affect a portion of the profile not being queried. Actions may comprise, for example, enabling or disabling a device, extending credit, accepting an activity selection by a user, accepting a user's bet, updating a profile, generating a report, activating an alert or alarm, establishing a telecommunications link, sending a message, making an offer, conducting a transaction, providing an indication (e.g., win or lose), changing a gaming parameter, initiating or altering a presentation of information to a user, providing a service, etc.


In at least one embodiment, the existence of a certain piece of information (e.g., a trigger) within a given user profile, will cause a modification of the gaming environment, which may be, for example, an alteration of at least one aspect of the gaming activities. For example, a portion of a profile may indicate the last type of game played by a user prior to a user logging off from the system. When the user logs back on, a query may indicate that the last game played by the user was blackjack. The system may, as a result, be triggered to present a blackjack table to the user as a possible activity. As another example, the profile may indicate that the user has always played blackjack at a certain time of day. If a query indicates that the time of day is appropriate, the system may present a blackjack table to the user. Modifications of the gaming environment can comprise any decision or method by which certain activities are presented to the user, as well as the format or way in which those activities are presented. As such, a modification may include enablement, disablement, addition, deletion, modification, etc. of any gaming activity or service described or contemplated herein.


In at least one embodiment, the existence of a piece of profile information will cause a modification of a different piece of the profile. A modification can include any addition, alteration, or deletion of any user profile or portion thereof.


In at least one embodiment, the profile indicates a characteristic, and an action is taken that relates to the characteristic. For example, according to one aspect, the user profile indicates a betting pattern. A betting pattern is intended to encompass any set of data that indicates at least two pieces of information relating to betting. According to one aspect, the betting patter will reflect a betting trend. That is, the betting pattern will reflect an upward or downward movement in the amount of bets. This can include movement in the amount, average amount, acceleration of an increase or decrease, and the like. The pattern can indicate certain betting habits (e.g., amounts bet) at certain times or corresponding to one or more other parameters represented by information within or without the user profile. For instance, the user might make an average $100 minimum blackjack bet between the hours of 8 p.m. and midnight on Saturday nights. These betting patterns and habits may be maintained, cross-linked, reported, or otherwise manipulated to extract intelligence from the raw information contained therein. As with the occurrence of certain pieces of information, the existence of a pattern can trigger any of the various actions discussed elsewhere herein including, for example, a re-verification requirement or the disablement of a gaming device if the betting pattern meets one or more parameters, such as a certain threshold.


According to at least one embodiment, the gaming system is operable to track various debts related to a user's activities. This debt information may be maintained as part of a user profile or may be maintained as a separate data component. The debts can include any type of debt owed by the user to any entity. For example, debts can include money owed as a result of losing at one or more games. Debt can also include bills for merchandise, entertainment (e.g., shows), hotel invoices, restaurant and bar tabs, or any other goods or services which might be associated with or related to a user's activities in connection with the gaming system. The system may be configured to prompt the user, at one or more predetermined or random times, to make a bet regarding all or a portion of the various debts. For example, the prompt may come at a specific time daily (e.g., 1:00 am), or at the occurrence of a specific event (e.g., upon checking out of the hotel). The prompt may allow for the bet to be made according to any number of games. For example, the user might choose to make a bet of 50% of his hotel invoice on a single hand of blackjack. The user might split up the amount(s) being wagered between blackjack and a spin on the roulette wheel.


According to another embodiment, another concept related to user profiles is the maintenance of one or more panic codes are established and maintained for one or more users. The code may be an alpha-numeric code, or a signal triggered by depressing a particular button or series of buttons on the gaming device. The code may be an electronic signal generated by a voice recognition unit (“VRU”) in response to a voice command from the user. The code may be a signal generated in response to the unit moving into or out of one or more predetermined locations. The code may be used in any number of ways to initiate a suitable response. For example, security, police, or an emergency response unit may be dispatched automatically to the location of the gaming device. Alternatively, the code may initiate a dialog between a dispatcher and the user of the gaming device. Panic codes may be maintained as part of the user profiles.


According to another embodiment, verification, or re-verification may be based on user profile information. For example, re-verification may be required if the user profile information indicates a change in betting style that falls within or without a certain range or otherwise meets a certain threshold. Similarly, certain activities may be enabled or disabled (or modified) based on user profile information. For example, during a process of cashing out, a user might be required to inform the cashier as to certain details regarding the user's gaming activities. For instance, the user might be required to inform the cashier as to the location and type of game that the user last played. The cashier then compares this information to information stored in the user profile. If the information matches, then the cashing out process may continue. If the information does not match, the cashier may halt the cashing out process and/or request additional information from the user.


As part of a user profile element, the system may be configured to provide certain users with certain information based on the profile information. The information provided to the users may include such things as game rules, strategy and tips (e.g., blackjack optimal play card), payout and odds information, and other ancillary information (e.g., stock ticker information).


According to at least one embodiment, a matching “house” bet may be enabled and may be based on user profile information. For example, the system may be configured to prompt a user (e.g., at a predetermined or random time) to make a bet that the house (or other sponsoring entity) will match. For instance, the house might match a bet, up to a certain amount, for a certain time limit This can be based on user profile information and/or location. This is an improvement over a scenario that involves sending a mailer to a prospective user, which offers a matching bet on a certain day, when there is no indication whether the prospective user even intends to be in the gaming jurisdiction on that particular day.


According to at least one embodiment, the system and/or the device may include a disabling function. Accordingly, the gaming device may be remotely disabled. This may occur, for instance, if the device is lost or stolen. The device may also be disabled if user profile information indicates a certain set of circumstances. As an example, a drastic change in betting styles may indicate that the user is “out of control,” and the device may be configured to terminate playing privileges as a result. As another example, a user might predetermine that he does not want to be able to use the gaming device to gamble during certain times or at certain locations. Alternatively, the house, or other sponsoring entity, might want to disallow certain activities when the user profile information indicates that certain criteria are met. This might be the case, for example, if the user is attending a show, or is in a hotel room. The user profile information may be configured to indicate the user's location. The casino might want to disallow gambling on the device while the user is at the show in order to avoid the user disrupting the show for other attendees. Moreover, jurisdictional requirements may dictate that a user not be able to participate in certain gaming activities if the user is in a certain location, such a casino hotel room.


According to at least one embodiment, an actual and/or virtual casino are configured based on user profile information. Additionally, staff activities may be initiated, or halted based on user profile information.


User profile information may also be used as an element in a fraud detection process. For example, one or more elements of a user's past profile information may be compared to current information. If a difference is detected and falls within a certain range, fraud may be indicated.


Other aspects of the various embodiments of the wireless gaming system are shown in FIGS. 2-8. According to one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 for example, the communications network comprises a cellular network 22. Cellular network 22 comprises a plurality of base stations 23, each of which has a corresponding coverage area 25. Base station technology is generally known and the base stations may be of any type found in a typical cellular network. The base stations may have coverage areas that overlap. Further, the coverage areas may be sectorized or non-sectorized. The network also includes mobile stations 24, which function as the gaming communication devices used by users to access the gaming system and participate in the activities available on the gaming system. Users are connected to the network of base stations via transmission and reception of radio signals. The communications network also includes at least one voice/data switch, which is preferably connected to the wireless portion of the network via a dedicated, secure landline. The communications network also includes a gaming service provider, which is likewise connected to the voice/data switch via a dedicated, secure landline. The voice/data switch may be connected to the wireless network of base stations via a mobile switching center (MSC), for example and the landline may be provided between the voice/data switch and the MSC.


Users access the gaming system by way of mobile stations which are in communication with, and thus part of, the communications network. The mobile station may be any electronic communication device that is operable in connection with the network as described. For example, in this particular embodiment, the mobile station may comprise a cellular telephone.


Preferably, in the case of a cellular network for example, the gaming system is enabled through the use of a private label carrier network. Each base station is programmed by the cellular carrier to send and receive private secure voice and/or data transmissions to and from mobile station handsets. The handsets are preferably pre-programmed with both gaming software and the carrier's authentication software. The base stations communicate via Private T-1 lines to a switch. A gaming service provider leases a private T-1 or T-3 line, which routes the calls back to gaming servers controlled by the gaming service provider. Encryption can be installed on the telephones if required by a gaming regulation authority, such as a gaming commission.


The cellular network is preferably a private, closed system. Mobile stations communicate with base stations and base stations are connected to a centralized switch located within a gaming jurisdiction. At the switch, voice calls are transported either locally or via long distance. Specific service provider gaming traffic is transported from the central switch to a gaming server at a host location, which can be a casino or other location.


As subscribers launch their specific gaming application, the handset will only talk to certain base stations with cells or sectors that have been engineered to be wholly within the gaming jurisdiction. For example, if a base station is close enough to pick up or send a signal across state lines, it will not be able to communicate with the device. When a customer uses the device for gaming, the system may prohibit, if desired, the making or receiving voice calls. Moreover, voice can be eliminated entirely if required. Further, the devices are preferably not allowed to “connect” to the Internet. This ensures a high level of certainty that bets/wagers originate and terminate within the boundaries of the gaming jurisdiction and the “private” wireless system cannot be circumvented or bypassed. Although in certain embodiments some data and/or voice traffic may be communicated at least partially over the Internet, it is preferred that the communication path does not include the Internet. Alternatively, in some embodiments, certain non-gaming information may be transported over a path which includes the Internet, while other information relating to the gaming activities of the system is transported on a path that does not include the Internet.


As shown in FIG. 3, a gaming communication device 32 is in communication with a gaming service provider over a network 34. The gaming service provider preferably has one or more servers, on which are resident various gaming and other applications. As shown in FIG. 3, some example gaming applications include horse racing and other sports, financial exchange, casino and/or virtual casino, entertainment and other events exchange, and news and real time entertainment. Each of these applications may be embodied in one or more software modules. The applications may be combined in any possible combination. Additionally, it should be understood that these applications are not exhaustive and that other applications may exist to provide an environment to the user that is associated with any of the described or potential gaming or related activities.


In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the communications network comprises a private wireless network. The private wireless network may include, for example, an 802.11x (WiFi) network technology to cover “Game Spots” or “Entertainment Spots.” In FIG. 4, various WiFi networks are indicated as networks 41. Networks 41 may use other communications protocols to provide a private wireless network including, but not limited to, 802.16x (WiMax) technology. Further, networks 41 may be interconnected. Also, a gaming system may comprise a combination of networks as depicted in FIG. 4. For example, there is shown a combination of private wireless networks 16, a cellular network comprising a multi-channel access unit or sectorized base station 42, and a satellite network comprising one or more satellites 46.


With respect to the private wireless network, because certain embodiments of the technology cover smaller areas and provide very high-speed throughput, the private wireless network is particularly well-suited for gaming commission needs of location and identity verification for the gaming service provider products. The gaming spots enabled by networks 41 may include a current casino area 48, new areas such as swimming pools, lakes or other recreational areas 49, guest rooms and restaurants such as might be found in casino 48 or hotels 45 and 47, residential areas 40, and other remote gaming areas 43. The configuration of the overall gaming system depicted in FIG. 4 is intended only as an example and may be modified within the scope of the present invention.


In one embodiment, the system architecture for the gaming system includes:

  • (1) a wireless LAN (Local Access Network) component, which consists of mostly 802.11x (WiFi) and/or 802.16x WiMax technologies; robust security and authentication software; gaming software; mobile carrier approved handsets with Windows® or Symbian® operating systems integrated within; and
    • (a) CDMA-technology that is secure for over-the-air data protection;
    • (b) at least two layers of user authentication, (that provided by the mobile carrier and that provided by the gaming service provider);
    • (c) compulsory tunneling (static routing) to gaming servers;
    • (d) end-to-end encryption at the application layer; and
    • (e) state-of-the-art firewall and DMZ technologies;
  • (2) an MWAN (Metropolitan Wireless Access Network), which consists of licensed and license-exempt, point-to-point links, as well as licensed and license-exempt, point-to-multi-point technologies;
  • (3) private MAN (Metropolitan Access Network) T-1 and T-3 lines to provide connectivity where wireless services cannot reach; and
  • (4) redundant private-line communications from the mobile switch back to the gaming server.


Each of the “Game Spots” or “Entertainment Spots” is preferably connected via the MWAN/MAN back to central and redundant game servers. For accessing the private wireless networks 41, the gaming communication devices are preferably WiFi- or WiMax-enabled PDAs or mini-laptops, and do not have to be managed by a third-party partner.


Preferably, the gaming system includes a location verification feature, which is operable to permit or disable gaming from a remote location depending upon whether or not the location meets one or more criteria. The criterion may be, for example, whether the location is within a pre-defined area in which gaming is permitted by law. As another example, the criterion may be whether the location is in a no-gaming zone, such as a school. The location verification technology used in the system may include, without limitation, “network-based” and/or “satellite-based” technology. Network-based technology may included such technologies as multilateration, triangulation and geo-fencing, for example. Satellite-based technologies may include global positioning satellite (GPS) technology, for example.


As previously discussed, the cellular approach preferably includes the use of at least one cellular, mobile, voice and data network. For gaming in certain jurisdictions, such as Nevada for example, the technology may involve triangulation, global positioning satellite (GPS) technology, and/or geo-fencing to avoid the potential for bets or wagers to be made outside Nevada state lines. In one embodiment, the network would not cover all of a particular jurisdiction, such as Nevada. For instance, the network would not cover areas in which cellular coverage for a particular base station straddled the state line or other boundary of the jurisdiction. This is done in order to permit the use of location verification to insure against the chance of bets originating or terminating outside of the state. Triangulation may be used as a method for preventing gaming from unapproved locations. Triangulation may be accomplished, for example, by comparing the signal strength from a single mobile station received at multiple base stations, each having GPS coordinates. This technology may be used to pinpoint the location of a mobile station. The location can then be compared to a map or other resource to determine whether the user of the mobile station is in an unapproved area, such as a school. Alternatively, GPS technology may be used for these purposes.


As shown in FIG. 5, the gaming system includes a plurality of gaming communication devices 54, 55, and 56. Device 54 is located outside the gaming jurisdiction 58. Devices 55 and 56 are both located inside gaming jurisdiction 58. However only device 56 is located within geo-fence 57, which is established by the coverage areas of a plurality of base station 53. Thus, geo-fencing may be used to enable gaming via device 56 but disable gaming via devices 54 and 55. Even though some gaming communication devices that are within the gaming jurisdiction 58, such as device 55, are not permitted access to the gaming system, the geo-fence 57 ensures that no gaming communication devices outside jurisdiction 58, such as device 54, are permitted access.


Geo-fencing does not specify location. Rather, it ensures that a mobile station is within certain boundaries. For instance, geo-fencing may be used to ensure that a mobile station beyond state lines does not access the gaming system. Triangulation on the other hand specifies a pinpoint, or near-pinpoint, location. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, device 56 is triangulated between three of the base stations 53 to determine the location of device 56. Triangulation may be used to identify whether a device, such as a mobile station, is located in a specific spot where gambling is unauthorized (such as, for example, a school). Preferably, the location determination technology utilized in conjunction with the present invention meets the Federal Communication Commission's (FCC's) Phase 2 E911 requirements. Geological Institute Survey (GIS) mapping may also be utilized to compare identified coordinates of a gaming communication device with GIS map features or elements to determine whether a device is in an area not authorized for gaming. It should be noted that any type of location verification may be used such as triangulation, geo-fencing, global positioning satellite (GPS) technology, or any other type of location determining technology, which can be used to ensure, or provide an acceptable level of confidence, that the user is within an approved gaming area.


In another embodiment, location verification is accomplished using channel address checking or location verification using some other identifying number or piece of information indicative of which network or portion of a network is being accessed by the gaming communication device. Assuming the using of an identifying number for this purpose, then according to one method of location checking, as an example, a participant accesses the gaming system via a mobile telephone. The identifying number of the mobile telephone, or of the network component being accessed by the mobile telephone, identifies the caller's connection to the mobile network. The number is indicative of the fact that the caller is in a defined area and is on a certain mobile network. A server application may be resident on the mobile telephone to communicate this information via the network to the gaming service provider. In a related embodiment, the identifying number or information is passed from a first network provider to a second network provider. For example, a caller's home network may be that provided by the second provider, but the caller is roaming on a network (and in a jurisdiction) provided by the first provider. The first provider passes the identifying information through to the second provider to enable the second provider to determine whether the caller is in a defined area that does or does not allow the relevant gaming activity. Preferably the gaming service provider either maintains, or has access to, a database that maps the various possible worldwide mobile network identifying numbers to geographic areas. The invention contemplates using any number or proxy that indicates a network, portion of a network, or network component, which is being connected with a mobile telephone. The identifying number may indicate one or more of a base station or group of base stations, a line, a channel, a trunk, a switch, a router, a repeater, etc.


In another embodiment, when the user connects his mobile telephone to the gaming server, the gaming server draws the network identifying information and communicates that information to the gaming service provider. The software resident on the gaming communication device may incorporate functionality that will, upon login or access by the user, determine the user's location (based at least in part on the identifying information) and send a message to the gaming service provider. The identifying number or information used to determine location may be country-specific, state-specific, town-specific, or specific to some other definable boundaries.


In connection with any of the location determination methods, the gaming system may periodically update the location determination information. This may be done, for example, during a gaming session, at pre-defined time intervals to ensure that movement of the gaming communication device to an unauthorized area is detected during play, and not just upon login or initial access.


Thus, depending on the location determination technology being used, the decision whether to permit or prohibit a gaming activity may be made at the gaming communication device, at the gaming server, or at any of the components of the telecommunication network being used to transmit information between the gaming communication device and the gaming server (such as at a base station, for example).


An aspect of the private wireless network related to preventing gaming in unauthorized areas is the placement of sensors, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors on the gaming communication devices. The sensors trigger alarms if users take the devices outside the approved gaming areas. Further, the devices may be “tethered” to immovable objects. Users might simply log in to such devices using their ID and password.


In connection with FIG. 6, an example embodiment of a method according to the present invention can be described as follows. As discussed, software is preferably loaded on a gaming communication device and is operable to receive input data for gaming. The input data may originate at associated gaming software resident on the gaming server, or it may be input by the user of the gaming communication device. The software on the device is operable to present a representation of a gaming environment. This can include, among other things, a representation of a table game such as a blackjack table or a slot machine. Other examples of the representation of a gaming environment include graphical representations of any of the other applications described herein.


In the example method shown in FIG. 6, in a first step 602, the gaming communication device is activated. This may take place as a function of turning on a phone, PDA, or other communication device as described elsewhere herein. Preferably, activation comprises connecting the gaming communication device to a private data network. Part of the activation includes logging in at a prompt. This may be considered as a first level of authentication of a user of the gaming communication device. A second level of user authentication comprises authentication of the gaming communication device itself. This may occur, for example, by authentication of a mobile station by a mobile carrier. A third level of user identification may comprise biometrics. Various examples of biometrics may include, but are not limited to, fingerprint identification, photo identification, retina scanning, voice print matching, etc.


In a next step 604, the user is presented with the gaming environment. The gaming environment may be presented in various stages. For instance, in a first stage, the gaming environment may comprise a casino lobby where the user is presented with certain gaming options including, for example, table games, slots, sports book, video poker, and a casino cashier. In a subsequent stage, the user may be presented with optional instances of the type of activity selected from the casino lobby.


In a next step 606, the user selects an activity, such as a particular casino table game. In step 608, the user is presented with one or more options related to the selected activity. In step 610, the user selects an option. For instance, at this point, the user might place a wager, draw a card, select a restaurant or restaurant menu item, select a news source or a news story, place a buy or sell order on a financial exchange, place a bet on a certain box office performance over/under amount for a given movie, etc. The options for user input are myriad. In step 612, the software resident on the gaming communication device accepts the option input by the user and transmits the input data to the software resident at the gaming server. In step 614, the gaming server software acts on the input data.


Actions at this point, may include, without limitation, determining an outcome and/or amount, accessing another server and/or software application, retrieving information, preparing a response to the user, etc. The action of determining an outcome and/or amount might take place, for example, if the user is using the device to place wagers in connection with a gambling activity. For certain gambling activities, such as a table game or slot machine, a random number generator may be incorporated to determine the outcome (i.e., whether the user won or lost) and the gaming server software would also determine an amount won or lost based on the amount wagered and any applicable odds. The action of accessing another server and/or software application might occur, for example, in the event the user is engaging in a services activity such as accessing news services, making reservations and placing food and beverage orders at a restaurant, or making a retail purchase. The action of retrieving information might occur when the gaming server software is prompted to access another server for the purpose of retrieving a certain type of information requested by the user.


Preferably, the gaming server software prepares a response to the user's input data and in step 616. In step 618, the user acknowledges the response. For example, in the case of gambling, the user might acknowledge that he won a hand of blackjack because the dealer busted and that his payout was $100 based on a $50 bet at even odds. In step 620, the user logs out.


In the situation where the user is gambling, after the series of steps described in connection with FIG. 6, (or a subset or modified series of steps), the user physically enters a casino and goes to a casino cashier for payout and/or settlement (which can include, for example, extensions of credit or advance deposits). In one embodiment, there is a waiting period (e.g., twenty-four hours) before the user can collect winnings. The purpose of the waiting period is to allow time for fraud monitoring. The waiting period may depend on the amount of the balance. For example, if the user is owed less than $5,000 the waiting period may be twelve hours. If the user is owed between $5,000 and $10,000 the waiting period may be twenty-four hours. If the user is owed more than $10,000 the waiting period may be forty-eight hours.


The duration of activation of the gaming communication device, the duration of a particular session, and/or the duration of a particular activity may be controlled according to any number of different parameters. For example, the duration may be based on a predetermined amount of time or period of time. Activation of the gaming communication device may terminate upon the expiration of a predetermined time period. As another example, an activity may only be permitted until the occurrence of a particular time of day. According to an alternative, an administrator, or another party to a transaction within any of the various activities, may determine the time period or amount of time. According to yet another alternative, the duration may end upon the occurrence of an event such as the user entering or leaving a particular location. The duration of activation may be dynamically determined based on a period of non-use. In other words, after a predetermined time without being used, the device may “time out” and be deactivated. The period of time, or amount of time, may be cumulatively determined For example, an activity may only be permitted for a period of five hours, collectively. Time counting toward the five hours might stop and start depending upon the location of the user. As another example, an activity might only be permitted so long as the user does not enter or leave a particular location for longer than a predetermined period of time.


Similarly, activation of the gaming communication device and/or the ability for a user to engage in a particular activity may only be permitted during a specified time of day, or for a particular period of time prior to an event, or for a particular period of time after notification to the user. Also, activation and/or access may be controlled based upon the location of the user. For example, if a user is in a particular casino in which a particular show will take place that evening, the user might be notified that tickets to the show are available for a specified period of time prior to the show. The user might only be permitted to engage in the activity of purchasing tickets for the show if the user is in the casino and during the specified period of time prior to the show. For example, the user might only be able to purchase tickets while in the casino and up to five minutes before the start time of the show. Similarly, the activation of the device may be restricted based on the location of the user and a corresponding period of time. For example, if a user is in a location where a show is occurring, or is going to occur, the device may be deactivated (either automatically, or by a party other than the user) during a period beginning five minutes prior to the show and ending five minutes after the end of the show.


According to another alternative, the duration or enablement of one activity might be determined by the participation of the user in another activity. For example, a user might be allowed to make dinner reservations at a popular restaurant if the user has been gambling enough at a given casino. In this way, bonuses or comps may be determined or managed based on the activity of the user via the gaming communication device.


Preferably, data is transmitted back and forth during the gaming activities between the gaming communication device and a server controlled by the gaming service provider. An example of the path of communication is shown in FIG. 7. Gaming data, such as a wager placed by the user, is transmitted from gaming communication device 701 to a base station 702 (or a transmitter in the case of a private wireless network such as a WiFi or WiMax network). Base station 702 routes the data through network 703 to a hub or gateway 704, which in turn routes the data to a gaming server 705 operated by a gaming service provider. Preferably, the communication from gaming communication device 701 to the network 703 comprises wireless communication. This may be any type of known wireless communication or any type of wireless communication available in the future. Examples of acceptable wireless communication protocols include CDMA, GSM, and GPRS.


Preferably, the communication from the network 703 to the gateway 704 and to the server 705 is conducted over secure land lines. FIG. 7 is an example communication network only and the present invention should be understood to cover other networks in which data may be transmitted from gaming communication device 701 to server 705. Preferably, data in response to data being transmitted from gaming communication device 701 to server 705 is transmitted back to gaming communication device 701 along a path essentially opposite to the path of the first transmission. It should be noted that in at least certain embodiments of the methods and systems described herein, a user is not actually playing a game on the gaming communication device. Rather, the user is actually playing the game on the server controlled by the gaming service provider, which may be located within a casino.


With respect to payment and/or receipt of winnings and losses, one possible approach is as follows. Upon check-in at a casino hotel, a hotel representative may query a guest as to whether the guest wants access to a gaming communication device. If the guest does want such access, the hotel representative may provide the guest with a gaming communication device in exchange for a credit-card type deposit or other deposit. The guest then deposits money into an account for wireless gaming. The guest's account balance information is loaded onto the guest's account file, which is preferably maintained on the gaming server. The user may load money into his gaming account by establishing a credit account, for example, at a casino cashier and/or by paying cash to the casino cashier. Many other alternatives exist and this process is an example only. Guest accounts or gaming communication devices may be preloaded with funds. Funds may be deposited during a gaming session. This may occur, for example, if a user selected a casino cashier activity from the gaming environment and instructed the cashier to add funds to the account. The finance subsystem may also utilize account card technology (such as ATM cards, credit cards, stored value cards, gift cards, etc) in order to conduct financial transactions associated with a user's account. Moreover, the user may receive or make payments remotely, by way of inputting instructions via the gaming communication device or by another remote device such as an automatic teller machine (ATM), which is in electronic communication with the gaming server or other server operated by the casino, hotel, gaming service provider or other entity involved in the gaming activities. For example, a user might remotely (via the gaming communication device) place an order at a restaurant. Then, the user might make advance payment for the meal at an ATM-type machine which is operable to receive instructions corresponding to the financial transaction requirements of the gaming activity of ordering food.


A unique aspect of the present invention includes establishing an electronic record of the gaming transactions undertaken by a user. Preferably, this is accomplished by utilization of a keystroke log, which is an electronic record of all keystrokes made by the user. Utilization of a keystroke log in this context allows for unprecedented monitoring of a user's gaming activity. In the event of a dispute, one may refer to the keystroke log and readily determine whether, in fact, a user placed a particular wager, for example.


An additional possible aspect of the electronic record is to allow a gaming control board or other regulatory authority, access to the electronic record in a direct manner in order to conduct periodic independent monitoring of the gaming activities conducted over the system. Another possible aspect is to allow policing against rigged machines. For instance, it is possible that the gaming control board (or other regulatory authority) could obtain a gaming communication device and compare their test results over time against records in the electronic record database (e.g., by comparing the results shown in the keystroke log). This essentially comprises electronic access for testing.


In another embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 8, a ship-based gaming system is provided. The system preferably comprises passenger vessel 802, such as a cruise liner for example. The system includes one or more gaming communication devices 806 connected to a communication network. The network shown in FIG. 8 comprises a mobile network with base stations 808 connected via a LAN to a base station controller (BSC) 810. BSC 810 is connected via a T1 interface to a first Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) modem 812, which is in communication with a first satellite 814. First satellite 814 is operable to transmit and receive signals from second satellite 814, which is in communication with second VSAT modem 812. Second VSAT modem 812 is in communication with a gaming server 818 located at gaming service provider 816. Gaming server is coupled to gaming database 820. Again, the network configuration depicted in FIG. 8 is for example purposes only, and other configurations are within the scope of the present invention. An on-board back office 822 is preferably provided. Data is communicated by the on-board VSAT modem and transmitter to the first satellite for relay to the second (preferably land-based) VSAT receiver and modem. The data is then communicated to a server and/or centralized database via a mobile station controller (not shown).


A corresponding business model involves the gaming service provider contracting with a cruise line, which agrees to allow the gaming service provider to provide coverage throughout the cruise line's ship(s), by using repeaters for example. The gaming service provider may provide a private wireless network, in which case any revenue generated from use of or access to the private wireless network, and revenue from gaming activities, may be allocated among all or any subset of the cruise line and the gaming service provider. Alternatively, the gaming service provider may contract with a mobile carrier and a satellite provider, in which case revenue from the mobile calls, and revenue from gaming activities, may be allocated among all or any subset of the cruise line, the mobile carrier and the gaming service provider.


There are several scenarios for a user's activity relative to transactions conducted over the gaming system. In one example scenario the user is in a fixed, but remote, location from the gaming server, which may be located on the premises of a casino. This may be include, for instance, a situation in which the gaming communication device is a kiosk or some other communication device which is in a fixed position or which is tethered to a fixed position so that the gaming communication device cannot be moved beyond a certain area. In another example scenario, the user starts a gaming transaction at a first location and ends the transaction at a second location different from the first location. In another example scenario, the user is mobile during a single gaming transaction. In another example scenario, the user is mobile within a first approved area then (during the gaming transaction) the user moves outside the first approved area, through an unapproved area, to a remote second approved area.


In an alternative embodiment, the gaming system may be configured to operate as a “curb-to-curb” gaming system. In such a system, a communication path may be established between the device and a particular server, based upon whether the user is in a location corresponding to that particular server. For example, the user might enter a first casino, or an authorized area associated with the first casino, and thereby activate the establishment of a communication path between the device and a server located at and/or controlled by the first casino. While the user is on the premises of the first casino, the user might be able to participate in activities, such as playing blackjack, at the first casino. Then, if the user leaves the first casino, the gaming system might be configured to terminate the first communication path (i.e., between the device and the first casino's server), or otherwise deactivate the device and/or terminate the user's ability to use the device to participate in activities associated with the first casino. When the user enters a second casino, or an authorized area associated with the second casino, a second communication path (e.g., between the device and a second server located at or controlled by the second casino) may be established. Thus, the user would now be able to play blackjack (or engage in other activities) at the second casino, rather than the first casino.


As another example, a particular casino is often related to other casinos within a jurisdiction or specified area. Under such a scenario, if a user entered any of the related casinos, then the appropriate communication path or paths could be established between the gaming communication device and one or more of the casinos in the group of related casinos, thereby enabling the user to play casino games (or engage in other activities) at the one or more casinos in the group of related casinos. Depending on regulatory requirements, the preferred configuration might be to establish a communication path with a server at a particular casino within the group at which the user wants to play. Then, a different communication path could be established at a subsequent casino if the user wants to play at another casino. Under certain circumstances, and again depending on regulatory requirements, some information associated with user activity might be maintained at a centralized server accessible by more than one casino within the group.


In another example embodiment, the gaming system may be used to enable gaming activities involving multiple wireless users who interact with one another. For instance, the system may enable a table game (such as blackjack) in which a first user and a second user are conducting gaming transactions on the same table and in which options selected by the first user directly impact outcomes and options relative to the second user. Preferably, the gaming environment presented on the gaming communication devices of both the first and second users will indicate the existence and activity of the other respective user. Another example of multiple users interacting on the gaming system is the provision of a poker game in which users place bets against one another instead of, or in addition to, placing bets against the house. Another example of interaction between users is when a first user makes restaurant reservations or purchases event tickets, thereby reducing the options available to the second user.


Preferably, the gaming service provider provides at least the following functions. First the gaming service provider provides and controls the one or more gaming servers. These servers may be physically located within the confines of the gaming service provider or may exist at a remote location. As mentioned, the gaming servers may also be located at or near a games provider such as a casino, casino hotel, racino, cruise ship, race track, etc. The gaming service provider may also provide monitoring services such as transaction monitoring and key stroke logging services. The gaming service provider may also provide data management and security services. These services are not intended to be exhaustive and the gaming service provider may provide other services which facilitate the gaming process.


It should be noted that the invention can be implemented in connection with any gaming environment or an environment for any other activity, which may be conducted electronically. The invention is not limited to Nevada or any other particular gaming jurisdiction. For instance, the invention can be employed in connection with casinos in Atlantic City, N.J., international jurisdictions, Native American gaming facilities, and “racinos” which are race tracks that also have slot machines, video lottery terminals, or other gambling devices. For example, in connection with “racinos,” the invention might be used by participants who wish to play slot machine games while they are viewing race horses in the paddock area. This might be desirable in the event that the slot machine area does not allow smoking and a participant wishes to gamble from an outdoor smoking area. Alternatively, the slot machine area might permit smoking and the gambler wishes to play the slot machines from an area where he or she can avoid breathing second-hand smoke. Numerous other scenarios can be envisioned in which the gaming participant can use the invention to participate in remote gaming, while enjoying some other primary activity in a location remote from the gaming facility. Further, the invention is not limited to gaming, but can include other applications, such as trading financial instruments, and wagering on other types of events, such as elections, award events, or any other activity.


Another example embodiment involves the application of one or more of the methods and systems described herein to the activity of conducting financial transactions. Thus, the gaming communication device may be configured to enable a user to conduct such financial transactions, which may include, without limitation, any transaction involving a financial institution, such as banking, trading securities, or managing 401K or other investment fund assets. Preferably, a communication path would be established between the user and any of the servers or other computers necessary to conduct the financial transaction. As with certain other embodiments the ability to engage in this activity may be controlled by one or more parameters including location and/or identity verification and time or duration limits.


Conducting financial transactions may be one of the activities presented to the user of the gaming communication device. Any of the possible financial transactions might be presented as sub-activities. As an example, a user might want to trade securities listed on a particular exchange. Regulations might require the trader to be located within a certain jurisdiction to execute trades on the exchange. The exchange might have its own rules and could require that the trader be located on the premises. With the location verification techniques described elsewhere herein, the particular financial transaction activity might only be enabled if the user is located in a particular geographic area, for example.


As a related feature, the system may be configured to provide a credit verification feature, according to which a user's creditworthiness may be checked by a party to a transaction, or by which the user might apply for credit. For example, if a user wants to purchase $10,000 worth of a particular stock, then a communication path might be established between the user and a server located at and/or controlled by an exchange upon which the stock is being traded. An additional communication path might be established between the exchange server and a server of an account manager that manages the user's account. These communication paths would enable the basic transaction—that of the user purchasing the stock. Yet another communication path, however, might be established between a seller's server, the exchange server, and/or the account manager server and a server located at and/or controlled by a credit agency. This path would enable an interested party to the transaction to check and/or approve the user's credit to prior enabling the transaction.


According to one aspect of certain embodiments, a user of the gaming communication device can connect from the device to a financial service provider's server to provide a “Push to Trade” feature. In order to enable this feature, the device is configured to be capable of facilitating a “Push to Talk” protocol, whereby the device behaves like a walkie-talkie. Thus, the device may include any suitable program or application that enables the Push to Talk feature. As used herein, the phrase “Push to Talk” includes any protocol that allows for a direct connection feature for an end user. Included are all such protocols (e.g. Instant Talk, Fastchat, etc.) within the broad rubric of “Push to Talk” including those that provide wide-area, instantaneous contact.


The Push to Talk protocol allows a given device to instantly connect to any number of other devices, such as any other telephone (mobile or landline-based), personal computer, laptop, etc. The connection for the end user does not have to be spawned by any conventional dialing or by triggering some form of automatic dialing. A simple button can be depressed to provide the requisite connection. In the context of timing, Nextel (who developed the original Push to Talk technology) suggests that their Push to Talk protocol should connect within 2 seconds.


A related technology is Push to Talk Over Cellular (PoC). PoC service is a form of interactive voice messaging that combines walkie-talkie and cellular phone connectivity, allowing users to quickly connect with another person or an entire group of friends and contacts at the push of a button on a PoC-enabled handset.


The Push to Talk protocol allows users to use the walkie-talkie paradigm over an IP or a cellular network, which diminishes the boundary limitations of a conventional two-way radio. The Push to Talk service is based on a disruptive technology. Latency is an issue during some traditional mobile telephone conversations. One appeal of the Push to Talk platform, as compared to executing a traditional telephone call, is being able to talk to an individual or to a group of individuals instantly, without waiting for someone to answer due to latency issues. Another benefit of the Push to Talk feature is a shorter than normal phone call, which cuts down on dialing costs for corresponding end users. Nextel estimates that the average Push to Talk call lasts forty seconds. Push to Talk technology is compatible with virtually any network communications; for example, the Push to Talk protocol may readily be used in conjunction with cellular telephone networks, including GSM and CDMA. The network equipment used for the Push to Talk feature is currently being offered by companies such as Ericsson Motorola, Siemens, Sony Ericsson, and Nextel.


Because Push to Talk effectively turns the handheld device into a walkie-talkie, it not only successfully enables end users to send voice messages, it also enables immediate data texts (commonly referred to as “direct messaging”). Push to Talk messaging represents a significant improvement over short messaging systems in bypassing the slow and clumsy process of entering text via a phone keypad. This makes text messaging quicker and more effective.


According to the “Push to Trade” feature, once the end user initiates the call, the financial service provider is instantly connected to the end user. In one embodiment, the financial service provider has one or more electronic trade desks that are dedicated to this feature for their clients. Thus, all “Push to Trade” requests may be received at this location. In other embodiments, any suitable entity, broker, standard trading desk, or electronic device may receive such Push to Trade communications.


Once the connection has been established, the financial service provider may then simply conduct the trade as prescribed by the end user. For example, upon connection, the end user may be presented with the financial or market environment in which he seeks to participate. The trade desk representative or device can query the end user to execute an electronic or a broker-assisted trade. In addition, the financial environment may be presented in various stages. For instance, in a first stage, the financial environment may comprise a financial summary of all markets where the user is presented with certain financial options including, for example, specific market summaries, specific prices for selected assets (e.g. commodities, stocks, bonds, etc.), current positions, buying power, etc. In a subsequent stage, the user may be presented with optional instances of the type of activity selected from the market platform.


From this platform, the end user can select an activity, such as a particular type of trade. Thus, the user is presented with one or more options related to the selected activity. For instance, at this point, the user might place a buy or a sell order on a financial exchange. The software, which may be resident on the device, on the server, or on a combination of both, accepts the option input by the user and transmits the input data to the financial service provider. Subsequently, the financial service provider acts on the input data. The Push to Talk technology readily accommodates a voice log of the transaction for audit or confirmation purposes. Hence, a digital voice storage may be provided, whereby the transaction (e.g., inclusive of bid and ask prices) is recorded. In addition, the automatic voice log can then relay this information back to the end user (e.g., via his e-mail or via a conventional postal mail service). This could occur as a matter of course such that the end user is routinely provided with a suitable confirmation receipt for all of his trading activity.


Actions at this point may include, without limitation, determining an outcome and/or amount for the trade, accessing another server and/or software application, retrieving additional information, preparing a suitable response to the user, etc. The action of determining an outcome and/or amount might take place, for example, if the user is using the device to place trades in conjunction with his account and a given exchange. Hence, this could include a formal tallying of the executed trade, inclusive of the charged commission, the amount debited from the account to cover the trade, etc. The action of accessing another server and/or software application might occur, for example, in the event the user is engaging in a services activity such as accessing news services. The action of retrieving information might occur when the financial software is prompted to access another server for the purpose of retrieving a certain type of information requested by the user. The financial service provider can then prepare a response to the user's input data. Once this activity has concluded, the user can acknowledge the response and then log out and terminate his session.


It should be noted that the “Push to Trade” feature can be used in other applications of the gaming technology described herein. For example, in an application where the user of the gaming communication device is playing blackjack from an authorized area outside the casino gaming area, the Push to Trade feature would enable the user to participate audibly in the blackjack game actually taking place within the casino gaming area. The Push to Talk technology would allow the user to immediately and virtually “sit down” at an actual blackjack table without the delay caused by the conventional setup and tear down process of certain traditional telecommunication protocols. Also, once the user is participating in the game, the user can communicate orally with the dealer, or other users that are physically at the table, without the latency issues of certain mobile telecommunication systems.


In at least one embodiment, the invention provides jurisdictional controls, which limit gaming to approved geographical areas. The invention may also include an age/identity verification feature. This can be accomplished through any applicable technique including retina scanning, finger print identification, voice print matching, or other biometrics. Identity verification can also be accomplished by having a customer take a picture of himself (e.g., by use of a digital picture phone) and transmitting the picture to the gaming service provider for comparison to a stored picture of the pre-approved user. Identity verification can also be accomplished by way of comparison of participant provided data to stored data, and execution of electronic agreements or contracts by the participant. Identity verification can also be accomplished by monitoring a keystroke characteristic (e.g., rhythm, patterns, or cadence) of the user, or any other method in which a parameter uniquely associated with the user can be observed. The invention may also provide for the logging of keystrokes. In at least one embodiment, all communications are accomplished without accessing the Internet.


Mobile, remote gaming may be desirable for many reasons, some of which have already been described. The invention may allow supplementation of existing in-house gaming revenue by allowing bettors to place bets while enjoying other leisure activities such as golf, swimming, dining and shows. The invention may complement the new coinless wagering environment as bettors can play their favorite games outside the casino. The invention provides a high-speed, reliable, accurate, and secure mobile gaming environment that complies with regulatory requirements for identification and location verification of the bettor with the ability to generate key stroke logs. The invention may restrict unauthorized usage from a geographic perspective and is capable of implementation using location verification technology (e.g., geo-fencing) to conform the gaming activities to legal parameters.


Consumers may benefit from an increased choice of gaming environments. Consumers will be able to bet in whatever surroundings they prefer, benefiting from the knowledge that the product is regulated, fair and secure while enjoying the gaming experience at the speed they choose without external influences, such as that which might occur within the in-house casino environment. The gaming businesses can use the invention to increase their revenue base through a new, regulated, mobile, remote channel. Customers wanting to be entertained during downtime or outside a casino will be able to play games on their gaming communication device and customers intimidated by a traditional casino environment will be able to play in private. The gaming jurisdictions may benefit from an increase in gaming an ancillary revenue growth because customers will have a more enjoyable experience.


The invention may also be used to deliver content at an increased speed compared to traditional telecommunications systems. The content may include, for example, live reports, entertainment, news, promotions and advertising.


As mentioned, the invention provides a mobile gaming environment that complies with regulatory requirements for identification and location verification of the bettor. Moreover, the system is designed to be one hundred percent “clean” from a regulatory perspective. The software is clean in that it has not been and will not be licensed to anyone who does business illegally or otherwise operates in a “gray” area. For example, in a preferred embodiment, the software is not licensed to an entity that will illegally operate the software, or otherwise illegally do business, on the Internet. This may be desirable in that certain gaming jurisdictions will not grant gaming permits or licenses to companies that do business with, or license technology to or from, other entities known to be engaging in illegal operations.


Preferably, the system is designed such that the gaming software (or other application software operating on the system) is also one hundred percent clean from a regulatory perspective. For instance, before granting a license, a gaming jurisdiction may require that the software being used is not tainted in that it has not been used by the license applicant in violation of any laws and has not been licensed or otherwise distributed or disseminated to others who have used the software for illegal purposes, or who have been engaging in illegal activity. Therefore, it is preferred that the gaming software be clean and untainted from this perspective.


The systems and methods described herein may also be used to deliver and/or access “Rich Media” content such as, for example, sports video (live or nearly live) and audio commentary. Such may often only be distributed within specific jurisdictions. Therefore, the distribution may benefit from the inventive aspects discussed herein, particularly the location verification aspect, such as geofencing.


The gaming system and methods described herein may permit, among other things, pari-mutuel wagering, sports betting, and dissemination of news and other content. The invention also enables a casino or other gaming provider to advertise ancillary services such as shows, bars, and restaurants. The invention also enables remote reservations and purchases in connection with such services.


According to an embodiment of the invention, the gaming system provides for the dissemination of real-time odds to users accessing the system.


In another embodiment, an outcome in one transaction can trigger the presentation to the user of options for a second transaction. For example, if a user wins a predetermined amount of money playing blackjack, the user might be presented with an option to purchase retail items at a casino store or to make reservations for certain services at a club. As another example, if a user uses the system to purchase show tickets, the user might be offered to make reservations at one of several restaurants within a certain proximity to the show.


Although this disclosure has been described in terms of certain embodiments and generally associated methods, alterations and permutations of these embodiments and methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the above description of example embodiments does not define or constrain this disclosure. Other changes, substitutions, and alterations are also possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

Claims
  • 1. A method comprising: determining by at least one server a betting trend from a plurality of bets made by a user via a device on at least one gaming activity of a gaming system;determining by the at least one server that the betting trend meets at least one parameter; andresponsive to determining that the betting trend meets the at least one parameter, the at least one server causing the user to perform an identity verification in order to continuing accessing the gaming system.
  • 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises a directional movement in a betting amount occurring via the device.
  • 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the directional movement includes an upward or downward movement.
  • 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises a directional movement in an average betting amount occurring via the device.
  • 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the directional movement includes an upward or downward movement.
  • 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises a directional movement in an amount of bets occurring via the device.
  • 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the directional movement includes an upward or downward movement.
  • 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises an acceleration in a betting amount occurring via the device.
  • 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the acceleration includes an increase or decrease in the betting amount.
  • 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter comprises at least one threshold.
  • 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the device comprises a mobile device; andwherein the method further comprises: determining a plurality of locations of the device as the device moves; andstoring the plurality of locations.
  • 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the plurality of locations indicate a route of the user and the device.
  • 13. The method of claim 1, wherein causing the user to perform an identity verification comprises causing the user to perform an identity re-verification.
  • 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining at least one debt owed by the user; andprompting the user via the device to make a bet of at least a portion of the at least one debt owed.
  • 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the at least one debt comprises at least one: a restaurant tab,a bar tab,a hotel invoice,a bill for purchased merchandise,a bill for a purchased service, anda bill for a show.
  • 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising prompting the user via the device to make a bet that will be matched by a casino.
  • 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising: providing, as part of the gaming system, a gaming application to a plurality of users, wherein the gaming application is configured to reside on devices owned by the users such that the devices are pre-programmed with the gaming application, and wherein the gaming application is configured to interface with a server application of the gaming system, and to enable users together with the server application to engage in the at least one gaming activity; andresponsive to a launching of the gaming application on the device, providing on the device the at least one gaming activity.
  • 18. The method of claim 17, wherein responsive to the launching of the gaming application, certain functionality of the device is altered to ensure bets from the device originate from within boundaries of a pre-defined location.
  • 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the gaming application is configured, together with the server application, to enable users to engage in a plurality of gaming activities.
  • 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the plurality of gaming activities include at least one wagering activity and at least one non-wagering activity.
  • 21. The method of claim 1, wherein the device comprises a mobile phone.
  • 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the device is a PDA.
  • 23. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining whether the device is located within a pre-defined location; andproviding access to the gaming system based upon the determination that the device is located in the pre-defined location.
  • 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the pre-defined location is a hotel room.
  • 25. An apparatus of a gaming system comprising: at least one processor; anda memory electronically coupled to the at least processor and having software stored thereon that when executed by the at least one processor directs the at least one processor to:determine a betting trend from a plurality of bets made by a user via a device on at least one gaming activity of the gaming system;determine that the betting trend meets at least one parameter; andresponsive to determining that the betting trend meets the at least one parameter, cause the user to perform an identity verification in order to continuing accessing the gaming system.
  • 26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises a directional movement in a betting amount occurring via the device.
  • 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the directional movement includes an upward or downward movement.
  • 28. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises a directional movement in an average betting amount occurring via the device.
  • 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the directional movement includes an upward or downward movement.
  • 30. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises a directional movement in an amount of bets occurring via the device.
  • 31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the directional movement includes an upward or downward movement.
  • 32. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one betting trend comprises an acceleration in a betting amount occurring via the device.
  • 33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the acceleration includes an increase or decrease in the betting amount.
  • 34. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the at least one parameter comprises at least one threshold.
  • 35. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the device comprises a mobile device; andwherein the software, when executed by the at least one processor, further directs the at least one processor to: determine a plurality of locations of the device as the device moves; andstore the plurality of locations.
  • 36. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein causing the user to perform an identity verification comprises causing the user to perform an identity re-verification.
  • 37. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein in connection with an accessing of the gaming system, certain functionality of the device is altered to ensure bets from the device originate from within boundaries of a pre-defined location.
  • 38. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the device comprises a mobile phone.
  • 39. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the device is a PDA.
  • 40. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the software, when executed by the at least one processor, further directs the at least one processor to: determine whether the device is located within a pre-defined location; andprovide access to the gaming system based upon the determination that the device is located in the pre-defined location.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/247,623 (U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20090029780), filed on Oct. 8, 2008 and entitled “System and Method For Wireless Gaming System with User Profiles,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/199,835 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,534,169), filed on Aug. 9, 2005 and entitled “System and Method For Wireless Gaming System with User Profiles,” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/697,861 filed Jul. 8, 2005 and entitled “Enhanced Wireless gaming System,” each of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. This application is related to U.S. application Ser. No. 11/063,311, filed on Feb. 21, 2005 and entitled “System and Method for Convenience Gaming,” is related to U.S. application Ser. No. 10/835,995 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,092,303), filed on Apr. 29, 2004 and entitled “System and method for Convenience Gaming,” is related to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/547,507, filed on Feb. 25, 2004 and entitled “System and Method for Remote Gaming having Location Verification”, and is related to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/549,187, filed on Mar. 1, 2004 and entitled “System and Method for Remote Gaming having Location Verification”, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

US Referenced Citations (724)
Number Name Date Kind
3580581 Raven May 1971 A
3838259 Kortenhaus Sep 1974 A
3876208 Wachtler et al. Apr 1975 A
3929338 Busch Dec 1975 A
4101129 Cox Jul 1978 A
4157829 Goldman et al. Jun 1979 A
4206920 Weatherford et al. Jun 1980 A
4216965 Morrison et al. Aug 1980 A
4238127 Lucero et al. Dec 1980 A
4240635 Brown Dec 1980 A
4266214 Peters, Jr. May 1981 A
4335809 Wain Jun 1982 A
4448419 Telnaes May 1984 A
4467424 Hedges et al. Aug 1984 A
4492379 Okada Jan 1985 A
4527798 Siekierski et al. Jul 1985 A
4572509 Stirick Feb 1986 A
4573681 Okada Mar 1986 A
4614342 Takashima Sep 1986 A
4624459 Kaufman Nov 1986 A
4636951 Harlick Jan 1987 A
4648600 Oliiges Mar 1987 A
4652998 Koza et al. Mar 1987 A
4692863 Moosz Sep 1987 A
4760527 Sidley Jul 1988 A
4805907 Hagiwara Feb 1989 A
4810868 Drexler Mar 1989 A
4817951 Crouch et al. Apr 1989 A
4838552 Hagiwara Jun 1989 A
4853884 Brown et al. Aug 1989 A
4856787 Itkis Aug 1989 A
4858932 Keane Aug 1989 A
4880237 Kishishita Nov 1989 A
4909516 Kolinsky Mar 1990 A
4926327 Sidley May 1990 A
4959783 Scott et al. Sep 1990 A
4964638 Ishida Oct 1990 A
5007087 Bernstein et al. Apr 1991 A
5024441 Rousseau Jun 1991 A
5048833 Lamle Sep 1991 A
5050881 Nagao Sep 1991 A
5055662 Hasegawa Oct 1991 A
5056141 Dyke Oct 1991 A
5074559 Okada Dec 1991 A
5083785 Okada Jan 1992 A
5096195 Gimmon Mar 1992 A
5096202 Hesland Mar 1992 A
5102134 Smyth Apr 1992 A
5192076 Komori Mar 1993 A
5229764 Matchett et al. Jul 1993 A
5242163 Fulton Sep 1993 A
5251165 James, III Oct 1993 A
5251898 Dickenson et al. Oct 1993 A
5263716 Smyth Nov 1993 A
5265874 Dickinson et al. Nov 1993 A
5280426 Edmonds Jan 1994 A
5280909 Tracy Jan 1994 A
5298476 Hotta et al. Mar 1994 A
5324035 Morris et al. Jun 1994 A
5326104 Pease et al. Jul 1994 A
5344199 Carstens et al. Sep 1994 A
5351970 Fioretti Oct 1994 A
5359183 Skodlar Oct 1994 A
5370306 Schulze et al. Dec 1994 A
5380007 Travis et al. Jan 1995 A
5380008 Mathis et al. Jan 1995 A
5393061 Manship et al. Feb 1995 A
5398932 Eberhardt et al. Mar 1995 A
5415416 Scagnelli et al. May 1995 A
5421576 Yamazaki et al. Jun 1995 A
5429361 Raven et al. Jul 1995 A
5471044 Hotta et al. Nov 1995 A
5476259 Weingardt Dec 1995 A
5505449 Eberhardt et al. Apr 1996 A
5507485 Fisher Apr 1996 A
5511784 Furry et al. Apr 1996 A
5524888 Heidel Jun 1996 A
5534685 Takemoto et al. Jul 1996 A
5551692 Pettit et al. Sep 1996 A
5569083 Fioretti Oct 1996 A
5569084 Nicastro et al. Oct 1996 A
5580309 Piechowiak et al. Dec 1996 A
5586937 Menashe Dec 1996 A
5588913 Hecht Dec 1996 A
5613912 Slater Mar 1997 A
5618232 Martin Apr 1997 A
5653634 Hodges Aug 1997 A
5654746 McMulan, Jr. et al. Aug 1997 A
5655961 Acres et al. Aug 1997 A
5675828 Stoel et al. Oct 1997 A
5697844 Von Kohorn Dec 1997 A
5702302 Gauselman Dec 1997 A
5707286 Carlson Jan 1998 A
5738583 Comas et al. Apr 1998 A
5745102 Bloch et al. Apr 1998 A
5762552 Vuong et al. Jun 1998 A
5764789 Pare, Jr. et al. Jun 1998 A
5766076 Pease et al. Jun 1998 A
5768382 Schneier et al. Jun 1998 A
5772508 Sugita et al. Jun 1998 A
5785595 Gauselman Jul 1998 A
5816920 Hanai Oct 1998 A
5833536 Davids et al. Nov 1998 A
5835722 Bradshaw et al. Nov 1998 A
5836817 Acres et al. Nov 1998 A
5851148 Brune et al. Dec 1998 A
5857911 Fioretti Jan 1999 A
5871398 Schneier et al. Feb 1999 A
5878211 Delagrange Mar 1999 A
5889474 LaDue Mar 1999 A
5902983 Crevelt et al. May 1999 A
5904619 Scagnelli et al. May 1999 A
5904620 Kujawa May 1999 A
5907282 Tuorto et al. May 1999 A
5910047 Scagnelli et al. Jun 1999 A
5920640 Salatino et al. Jul 1999 A
5921865 Scagnelli Jul 1999 A
5931764 Freeman et al. Aug 1999 A
5935005 Tsuda et al. Aug 1999 A
5951397 Dickinson Sep 1999 A
5954583 Green Sep 1999 A
5955961 Wallerstein Sep 1999 A
5959596 McCarten et al. Sep 1999 A
5970143 Schneier et al. Oct 1999 A
5977957 Miller et al. Nov 1999 A
5987611 Freund Nov 1999 A
5991431 Borza et al. Nov 1999 A
5995630 Borza et al. Nov 1999 A
5999808 LaDue Dec 1999 A
6001016 Walker et al. Dec 1999 A
6003013 Boushy et al. Dec 1999 A
6012636 Smith Jan 2000 A
6012982 Piechowiak et al. Jan 2000 A
6019284 Freeman et al. Feb 2000 A
6022274 Takeda et al. Feb 2000 A
6027115 Griswold et al. Feb 2000 A
6048269 Burns et al. Apr 2000 A
6050622 Gustafson Apr 2000 A
6065056 Bradshaw et al. May 2000 A
6080061 Watanabe et al. Jun 2000 A
6098985 Moody Aug 2000 A
6099408 Schneier et al. Aug 2000 A
6100804 Brady et al. Aug 2000 A
6104815 Alcorn Aug 2000 A
6117011 Lvov Sep 2000 A
6135884 Hedrick et al. Oct 2000 A
6139431 Walker et al. Oct 2000 A
6146270 Huard et al. Nov 2000 A
6148094 Kinsella Nov 2000 A
6177905 Welch Jan 2001 B1
6178255 Scott et al. Jan 2001 B1
6178510 O'Connoe et al. Jan 2001 B1
6183366 Goldberg et al. Feb 2001 B1
6193153 Lambert Feb 2001 B1
6196920 Spaur et al. Mar 2001 B1
6210274 Carlson Apr 2001 B1
6219439 Burger Apr 2001 B1
6233448 Alperovich et al. May 2001 B1
6248017 Roach Jun 2001 B1
6251014 Stockdale et al. Jun 2001 B1
6251017 Leason et al. Jun 2001 B1
6264560 Goldberg et al. Jul 2001 B1
6265973 Brammall et al. Jul 2001 B1
6272223 Carlson Aug 2001 B1
6277026 Archer Aug 2001 B1
6277029 Hanley Aug 2001 B1
6280325 Fisk Aug 2001 B1
6287202 Pascal et al. Sep 2001 B1
6290601 Yamazaki et al. Sep 2001 B1
RE37414 Harlick Oct 2001 E
6309307 Krause et al. Oct 2001 B1
6320495 Sporgis Nov 2001 B1
6325285 Baratelli Dec 2001 B1
6325292 Sehr Dec 2001 B1
6331148 Krause et al. Dec 2001 B1
6386976 Yamazaki et al. May 2002 B1
6409602 Wiltshire et al. Jun 2002 B1
6424029 Giesler Jul 2002 B1
6425828 Walker et al. Jul 2002 B2
6428413 Carlson Aug 2002 B1
6441752 Fomukong Aug 2002 B1
RE37885 Acres et al. Oct 2002 E
6468155 Zucker Oct 2002 B1
6507279 Loof Jan 2003 B2
6508709 Karmarkar Jan 2003 B1
6509217 Reddy Jan 2003 B1
6520853 Suzuki Feb 2003 B2
6524189 Rautila Feb 2003 B1
6527641 Sinclair et al. Mar 2003 B1
6542750 Hendrey et al. Apr 2003 B2
6554705 Cumbers Apr 2003 B1
6554707 Sinclair Apr 2003 B1
6556819 Irvin Apr 2003 B2
6575834 Lindo Jun 2003 B1
6577733 Charrin Jun 2003 B1
6582302 Romero Jun 2003 B2
6585597 Finn Jul 2003 B2
6612928 Bradford et al. Sep 2003 B1
6614350 Lunsford Sep 2003 B1
6618706 Rive et al. Sep 2003 B1
6622157 Heddaya et al. Sep 2003 B1
6628939 Paulsen Sep 2003 B2
6631849 Blossom Oct 2003 B2
6634942 Walker Oct 2003 B2
6652378 Cannon et al. Nov 2003 B2
6676522 Rowe et al. Jan 2004 B2
6680675 Suzuki Jan 2004 B1
6682421 Rowe et al. Jan 2004 B1
6691032 Irish et al. Feb 2004 B1
6709333 Bradford et al. Mar 2004 B1
6719631 Tulley et al. Apr 2004 B1
6721542 Anttila et al. Apr 2004 B1
6729956 Wolf et al. May 2004 B2
6743098 Urie et al. Jun 2004 B2
6745011 Hendrickson Jun 2004 B1
6749505 Kunzle Jun 2004 B1
6754210 Ofek Jun 2004 B1
6755742 Hartman Jun 2004 B1
6756882 Benes Jun 2004 B2
6761638 Narita Jul 2004 B1
6773350 Yoshimi et al. Aug 2004 B2
6778820 Tendler Aug 2004 B2
6793580 Sinclair Sep 2004 B2
6800029 Rowe et al. Oct 2004 B2
6800031 Di Cesare Oct 2004 B2
6801934 Eranko Oct 2004 B1
6802772 Kunzle Oct 2004 B1
6812824 Goldinger et al. Nov 2004 B1
6834195 Brandenberg et al. Dec 2004 B2
6837789 Garahi et al. Jan 2005 B2
6843412 Sanford Jan 2005 B1
6843725 Nelson Jan 2005 B2
6846238 Wells Jan 2005 B2
6857959 Nguyen Feb 2005 B1
6863610 Vancraeynest Mar 2005 B2
6868396 Smith et al. Mar 2005 B2
6884162 Raverdy Apr 2005 B2
6884166 Leen et al. Apr 2005 B2
6887151 Leen et al. May 2005 B2
6887159 Leen et al. May 2005 B2
6892218 Heddaya et al. May 2005 B2
6892938 Solomon May 2005 B2
6896618 Benoy et al. May 2005 B2
6898299 Brooks May 2005 B1
6899628 Leen et al. May 2005 B2
6904520 Rosset et al. Jun 2005 B1
6908387 Hedrick et al. Jun 2005 B2
6908391 Gatto et al. Jun 2005 B2
6923724 Williams Aug 2005 B2
6935952 Walker et al. Aug 2005 B2
6935958 Nelson Aug 2005 B2
6942574 Lemay et al. Sep 2005 B1
6945870 Gatto et al. Sep 2005 B2
RE38812 Acres et al. Oct 2005 E
6966832 Leen et al. Nov 2005 B2
6979264 Chatigny et al. Dec 2005 B2
6979267 Leen et al. Dec 2005 B2
6984175 Nguyen et al. Jan 2006 B2
6986055 Carlson Jan 2006 B2
6997810 Cole Feb 2006 B2
7021623 Leen et al. Apr 2006 B2
7022017 Halbritter et al. Apr 2006 B1
7029394 Leen et al. Apr 2006 B2
7033276 Walker et al. Apr 2006 B2
7034683 Ghazarian Apr 2006 B2
7035653 Simon et al. Apr 2006 B2
7040987 Walker et al. May 2006 B2
7042360 Light et al. May 2006 B2
7042391 Meunier et al. May 2006 B2
7043641 Martinek et al. May 2006 B1
7047197 Bennett May 2006 B1
7056217 Pelkey et al. Jun 2006 B1
7081815 Runyon et al. Jul 2006 B2
7097562 Gagner Aug 2006 B2
7102507 Lauren Sep 2006 B1
7102509 Anders et al. Sep 2006 B1
7124947 Storch Oct 2006 B2
7125334 Yamazaki et al. Oct 2006 B2
7128482 Meyerhofer et al. Oct 2006 B2
7144011 Asher et al. Dec 2006 B2
7147558 Giobbi Dec 2006 B2
7158798 Lee et al. Jan 2007 B2
7168626 Lerch et al. Jan 2007 B2
7185360 Anton et al. Feb 2007 B1
7194273 Vaudreuil Mar 2007 B2
7207885 Longman Apr 2007 B2
7228651 Saari Jun 2007 B1
7229354 McNutt et al. Jun 2007 B2
7229385 Freeman et al. Jun 2007 B2
7233922 Asher et al. Jun 2007 B2
7248852 Cabrera et al. Jul 2007 B2
7270605 Russell et al. Sep 2007 B2
7284708 Martin Oct 2007 B2
7288025 Cumbers Oct 2007 B1
7288028 Rodriquez et al. Oct 2007 B2
7290264 Powers et al. Oct 2007 B1
7297062 Gatto et al. Nov 2007 B2
7306514 Amaitis et al. Dec 2007 B2
7311605 Moser Dec 2007 B2
7311606 Amaitis et al. Dec 2007 B2
7316619 Nelson Jan 2008 B2
7341517 Asher et al. Mar 2008 B2
7357717 Cumbers Apr 2008 B1
7394405 Godden Jul 2008 B2
7413513 Nguyen et al. Aug 2008 B2
7429215 Rozkin Sep 2008 B2
7435179 Ford Oct 2008 B1
7437147 Luciano, Jr. Oct 2008 B1
7442124 Asher et al. Oct 2008 B2
7452273 Amaitis et al. Nov 2008 B2
7452274 Amaitis et al. Nov 2008 B2
7458891 Asher et al. Dec 2008 B2
7479065 McAllister et al. Jan 2009 B1
7506172 Bhakta Mar 2009 B2
7510474 Carter Mar 2009 B2
7534169 Amaitis et al. May 2009 B2
7546946 Hefner et al. Jun 2009 B2
7549576 Alderucci et al. Jun 2009 B2
7549756 Willis et al. Jun 2009 B2
7562034 Asher et al. Jul 2009 B2
7566270 Amaitis et al. Jul 2009 B2
7637810 Amaitis et al. Dec 2009 B2
7665668 Philips Feb 2010 B2
7686687 Cannon et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689459 Capurso et al. Mar 2010 B2
7736221 Black et al. Jun 2010 B2
7742972 Lange et al. Jun 2010 B2
7744002 Jones et al. Jun 2010 B2
7828652 Nguyen et al. Nov 2010 B2
7867083 Wells et al. Jan 2011 B2
7946917 Kaminkow et al. May 2011 B2
7967682 Huizinga Jun 2011 B2
8016667 Benbrahim et al. Sep 2011 B2
8047914 Morrow Nov 2011 B2
8123616 Wells et al. Feb 2012 B2
8142283 Lutnick Mar 2012 B2
8267789 Nelson Sep 2012 B2
8285484 Lau Oct 2012 B1
8298078 Sutton et al. Oct 2012 B2
20010018663 Dussell et al. Aug 2001 A1
20010026610 Katz et al. Oct 2001 A1
20010026632 Tamai Oct 2001 A1
20010027130 Namba et al. Oct 2001 A1
20010028308 De La Huerga Oct 2001 A1
20010031663 Johnson Oct 2001 A1
20010036858 McNutt et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010049275 Pierry et al. Dec 2001 A1
20010055991 Hightower Dec 2001 A1
20020002075 Rowe Jan 2002 A1
20020013827 Edstrom et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020034978 Legge et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020037767 Ebin Mar 2002 A1
20020049909 Jackson et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020052231 Fioretti May 2002 A1
20020065097 Brockenbrough May 2002 A1
20020068631 Raverdy Jun 2002 A1
20020073021 Ginsberg et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020074725 Stern Jun 2002 A1
20020087505 Smith Jul 2002 A1
20020095586 Doyle et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020111210 Luciano Aug 2002 A1
20020111213 McEntee et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020119817 Behm Aug 2002 A1
20020123377 Shulman Sep 2002 A1
20020124182 Bacso Sep 2002 A1
20020125886 Bates et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020128057 Walker et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020132663 Cumbers Sep 2002 A1
20020142844 Kerr Oct 2002 A1
20020142846 Paulsen Oct 2002 A1
20020143960 Goren Oct 2002 A1
20020143991 Chow et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020147047 Letovsky Oct 2002 A1
20020147049 Carter, Sr. Oct 2002 A1
20020151344 Tanskanen Oct 2002 A1
20020155884 Updike Oct 2002 A1
20020157090 Anton, Jr. Oct 2002 A1
20020160834 Urie et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020160838 Kim Oct 2002 A1
20020165020 Koyama Nov 2002 A1
20020174336 Sakakibara et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020183105 Cannon et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020184653 Pierce et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020191017 Sinclair Dec 2002 A1
20020198044 Walker Dec 2002 A1
20030003988 Walker et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030003997 Vuong et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030006931 Mages Jan 2003 A1
20030008662 Stern et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030009603 Ruths et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030013438 Darby Jan 2003 A1
20030013513 Rowe Jan 2003 A1
20030014639 Jackson et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030017871 Urie et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030027631 Hedrick et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030028567 Carlson Feb 2003 A1
20030031321 Mages Feb 2003 A1
20030032407 Mages Feb 2003 A1
20030032434 Willner et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030032474 Kaminkow Feb 2003 A1
20030036425 Kaminkow et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030036428 Aasland Feb 2003 A1
20030040324 Eldering et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030045353 Paulsen et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030045354 Giobbi Mar 2003 A1
20030045358 Leen et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030054878 Benoy et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030060286 Walker Mar 2003 A1
20030064712 Gaston Apr 2003 A1
20030064798 Grauzer et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030064805 Wells Apr 2003 A1
20030064807 Walker et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030069071 Britt et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030069940 Kavacheri et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078101 Schneider et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030087652 Simon et al. May 2003 A1
20030087701 Paravia et al. May 2003 A1
20030104865 Itkis et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030109306 Karmarkar Jun 2003 A1
20030109310 Heaton et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030114218 McClintic Jun 2003 A1
20030130032 Martinek et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030139190 Steelberg Jul 2003 A1
20030140131 Chandrashekhar Jul 2003 A1
20030148809 Nelson Aug 2003 A1
20030148812 Paulsen et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030157976 Simon Aug 2003 A1
20030162580 Cousineau Aug 2003 A1
20030162593 Griswold et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030162594 Rowe Aug 2003 A1
20030173408 Mosher et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030176162 Planki Sep 2003 A1
20030176218 Lemay Sep 2003 A1
20030177187 Levine et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030177347 Schneier et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030190944 Manfredi et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030195037 Voung et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030195043 Shinners et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030195841 Ginsberg et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030208684 Camacho et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030224855 Cunningham Dec 2003 A1
20030228895 Edelson Dec 2003 A1
20030228898 Rowe Dec 2003 A1
20030228907 Gatto et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030228910 Jawaharla et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030236120 Reece Dec 2003 A1
20040002355 Spencer Jan 2004 A1
20040002383 Lundy Jan 2004 A1
20040002386 Wolfe et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040002843 Robarts Jan 2004 A1
20040009812 Scott et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040014522 Walker et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040029635 Giobbi Feb 2004 A1
20040034775 Desjardins et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040038734 Adams Feb 2004 A1
20040048613 Sayers Mar 2004 A1
20040053692 Chatigny et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040061646 Andrews et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040063497 Gould Apr 2004 A1
20040066296 Atherton Apr 2004 A1
20040068441 Werbitt Apr 2004 A1
20040068532 Dewing Apr 2004 A1
20040083394 Brebner et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040092306 George et al. May 2004 A1
20040092311 Weston May 2004 A1
20040097283 Piper May 2004 A1
20040097287 Postrel May 2004 A1
20040104274 Kotik et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040104845 McCarthy Jun 2004 A1
20040110565 Levesque Jun 2004 A1
20040111369 Lane et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040118930 Berardi et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040127277 Walker et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040127289 Davis Jul 2004 A1
20040132530 Rutanen Jul 2004 A1
20040137983 Kerr et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040137987 Nguyen et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040142744 Atkinson et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040147323 Cliff et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040162124 Barton Aug 2004 A1
20040162144 Loose Aug 2004 A1
20040186768 Wakim et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040189470 Girvin et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040192438 Wells et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040192442 Wells et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193469 Amaitis et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193531 Amaitis et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040198386 Dupray Oct 2004 A1
20040198396 Fransioli Oct 2004 A1
20040198403 Pedersen et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040198483 Amaitis et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040209660 Carlson Oct 2004 A1
20040209690 Bruzzese Oct 2004 A1
20040219961 Ellenby Nov 2004 A1
20040224769 Hansen Nov 2004 A1
20040225565 Selman Nov 2004 A1
20040229685 Smith Nov 2004 A1
20040229699 Gentles et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040242297 Walker Dec 2004 A1
20040242332 Walker et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243504 Asher et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040248637 Liebenberg et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040248653 Barros et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040259626 Akram Dec 2004 A1
20040259631 Katz et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040266533 Gentles et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050001711 Doughty et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050003881 Byng Jan 2005 A1
20050003888 Asher et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050003893 Hogwood et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050009600 Rowe et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050014554 Walker et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050020336 Cesare Jan 2005 A1
20050020340 Cannon Jan 2005 A1
20050026670 Lardie Feb 2005 A1
20050026697 Balahura Feb 2005 A1
20050027643 Amaitis et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050043996 Silver Feb 2005 A1
20050049949 Asher et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050054439 Rowe et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050059397 Zhao Mar 2005 A1
20050059485 Paulsen Mar 2005 A1
20050064934 Amaitis et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050071481 Danieli Mar 2005 A1
20050086301 Eichler et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050096109 McNutt et al. May 2005 A1
20050096133 Hoefelmeyer et al. May 2005 A1
20050101383 Wells May 2005 A1
20050107022 Wichelmann May 2005 A1
20050108365 Becker et al. May 2005 A1
20050113172 Gong May 2005 A1
20050116020 Smolucha et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050130728 Nguyen Jun 2005 A1
20050131815 Fung et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050137014 Vetelainen Jun 2005 A1
20050143169 Nguyen et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050144484 Wakayama Jun 2005 A1
20050159212 Romney et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050170886 Miller Aug 2005 A1
20050170890 Rowe et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050170892 Atkinson Aug 2005 A1
20050181859 Lind et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050181862 Asher et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050181870 Nguyen et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050187000 Miller Aug 2005 A1
20050187020 Amaitis et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050192077 Okuniewicz Sep 2005 A1
20050193118 Le et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050193209 Saunders et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050197189 Schultz Sep 2005 A1
20050197190 Amaitis et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050209002 Blythe et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050215306 O'Donnell et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050234774 Dupree Oct 2005 A1
20050239523 Longman et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050239524 Longman et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050239546 Hedrick et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050245306 Asher et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050245308 Amaitis et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050261061 Nguyen et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050277471 Russell et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050277472 Gillan et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050282638 Rowe et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050288937 Verdiramo Dec 2005 A1
20060005050 Basson et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060009279 Amaitis et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060016877 Bonalle et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060019745 Benbrahim Jan 2006 A1
20060035707 Nguyen et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060040717 Lind et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060040741 Griswold et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060052153 Vlazny et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060058102 Nguyen et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060068917 Snoddy et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060069711 Tsunekawa et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060076406 Frerking Apr 2006 A1
20060093142 Schneier et al. May 2006 A1
20060095790 Nguyen et al. May 2006 A1
20060116198 Leen et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060116199 Leen et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060116200 Leen et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060121970 Khal Jun 2006 A1
20060121987 Bortnik et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060121992 Bortnik et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060131391 Penuela Jun 2006 A1
20060135252 Amaitis et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060135259 Nancke-Krogh et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060148560 Arezina et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060148561 Moser Jul 2006 A1
20060160626 Gatto et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060163346 Lee et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060165235 Carlson Jul 2006 A1
20060166740 Sufuentes Jul 2006 A1
20060178216 Shea et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060183522 Leen et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060187029 Thomas Aug 2006 A1
20060189382 Muir et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060194589 Saniska Aug 2006 A1
20060199649 Soltys et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060205489 Carpenter et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060205497 Wells et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060209810 Krzyzanowski et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060224046 Ramadas et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060234631 Dieguez Oct 2006 A1
20060234791 Nguyen et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060236395 Barker et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060246990 Downes Nov 2006 A1
20060247026 Walker et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060247039 Lerner et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060247041 Walker et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060247053 Mattila Nov 2006 A1
20060252501 Little et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060252530 Oberberger et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060258429 Manning et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060277308 Morse et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060277413 Drews Dec 2006 A1
20060287092 Walker et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060287098 Morrow et al. Dec 2006 A1
20070001841 Anders et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070003034 Schultz et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070015564 Walker et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070021213 Foe et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070026939 Asher et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070032301 Acres et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070054739 Amaitis et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060305 Amaitis et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060306 Amaitis et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060312 Dempsey et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060326 Juds et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060355 Amaitis et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060358 Amaitis et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070066401 Amaitis Mar 2007 A1
20070066402 Amaitis Mar 2007 A1
20070087834 Moser et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070087843 Steil et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070093296 Asher et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070099697 Nelson May 2007 A1
20070099703 Terebilo May 2007 A1
20070117604 Hill May 2007 A1
20070117634 Hamilton et al. May 2007 A1
20070136817 Nguyen Jun 2007 A1
20070167237 Wang et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070168570 Martin et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070181676 Mateen et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070190494 Rosenberg Aug 2007 A1
20070213120 Beal et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070233585 Simon et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070235807 Sobel et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070238443 Richardson Oct 2007 A1
20070241187 Alderucci et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070243927 Soltys Oct 2007 A1
20070243935 Huizinga Oct 2007 A1
20070257101 Alderucci et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070258507 Lee et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070275779 Amaitis Nov 2007 A1
20070281782 Amaitis Dec 2007 A1
20070281785 Amaitis Dec 2007 A1
20070281792 Amaitis Dec 2007 A1
20070282959 Stern Dec 2007 A1
20080004121 Gatto et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080009344 Graham et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080015013 Gelman et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080022089 Leedom Jan 2008 A1
20080026829 Martin et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080026844 Wells et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080032801 Brunet de Courssou Feb 2008 A1
20080039196 Walther et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080051193 Kaminkow et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080066111 Ellis et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080076505 Nguyen et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080076506 Nguyen et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080076572 Nguyen et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080096659 Kreloff et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080102956 Burman et al. May 2008 A1
20080102957 Burman et al. May 2008 A1
20080108423 Benbrahim et al. May 2008 A1
20080113785 Alderucci et al. May 2008 A1
20080113786 Alderucci et al. May 2008 A1
20080113787 Alderucci et al. May 2008 A1
20080113816 Mahaffey et al. May 2008 A1
20080139306 Lutnick et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080146323 Hardy et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080150678 Giobbi et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080182644 Lutnick et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080195664 Maharajh et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080207302 Lind et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080214261 Alderucci et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080218312 Asher et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080220871 Asher et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080224822 Asher et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080254897 Saunders et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080305856 Walker et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080305867 Guthrie Dec 2008 A1
20080311994 Amaitis et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080318670 Zinder et al. Dec 2008 A1
20090049542 DeYonker et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055204 Pennington et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090088232 Amaitis et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090098925 Gagner et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090117989 Arezina et al. May 2009 A1
20090149233 Strause et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090163272 Baker et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090178118 Cedo et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090183208 Christensen et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090197684 Arezina et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090204905 Toghia Aug 2009 A1
20090209233 Morrison Aug 2009 A1
20090325708 Kerr Dec 2009 A9
20100062834 Ryan Mar 2010 A1
20100069158 Kim Mar 2010 A1
20100113143 Gagner et al. May 2010 A1
20100153511 Lin Jun 2010 A1
20100205255 Alderucci Aug 2010 A1
20100211431 Lutnick Aug 2010 A1
20100240455 Gagner et al. Sep 2010 A1
20120190452 Weston et al. Jul 2012 A1
20130065672 Gelman et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130065679 Gelman et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130072295 Alderucci et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130165213 Alderucci et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130165221 Alderucci et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130178277 Burman et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130210513 Nguyen Aug 2013 A1
20130244742 Amaitis et al. Sep 2013 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (149)
Number Date Country
31 29 550 Apr 1982 DE
37 36 770 May 1989 DE
43 16 652 Nov 1994 DE
19922862 Dec 2000 DE
19944140 Mar 2001 DE
19952691 May 2001 DE
19952692 May 2001 DE
10060079 Jun 2002 DE
0 840 639 Jul 1996 EP
0 506 873 Mar 2000 EP
1045346 Oct 2000 EP
1063622 Dec 2000 EP
1 066 868 Jan 2001 EP
1120757 Jan 2001 EP
1 202 528 May 2002 EP
1217792 Jun 2002 EP
1231577 Aug 2002 EP
1291830 Mar 2003 EP
1 475 755 Dec 2003 EP
1 475 756 Nov 2004 EP
1480102 Nov 2004 EP
1 531 646 May 2005 EP
1259930 Jun 2005 EP
1480102 Oct 2008 EP
2 248 404 Apr 1992 GB
2 256 594 Dec 1992 GB
2 391 432 Feb 2004 GB
2 391 767 Feb 2004 GB
2394675 May 2004 GB
2 406 291 Mar 2005 GB
H11-220766 Jan 1988 JP
5-317485 Dec 1993 JP
2000-69540 Aug 1998 JP
2000049046 Feb 2000 JP
2000-160016 Jun 2000 JP
200218125 Jul 2000 JP
200326491 Oct 2000 JP
200345435 Nov 2000 JP
200387614 Dec 2000 JP
2001-70658 Mar 2001 JP
2001-204971 Jul 2001 JP
2001-204972 Jul 2001 JP
2001212363 Aug 2001 JP
2001 236458 Aug 2001 JP
2001-340656 Dec 2001 JP
2001-344400 Dec 2001 JP
2001-526550 Dec 2001 JP
2002 032515 Jan 2002 JP
2002-049681 Feb 2002 JP
2002-056270 Feb 2002 JP
2002107224 Feb 2002 JP
2002-661444 Mar 2002 JP
2002-109376 Apr 2002 JP
2002-66144 May 2002 JP
2002 133009 May 2002 JP
2002-135468 May 2002 JP
2002 189831 Jul 2002 JP
2002-253866 Sep 2002 JP
2002-263375 Sep 2002 JP
2002-292113 Oct 2002 JP
2003-053042 Feb 2003 JP
2003 078591 Mar 2003 JP
2003-518677 Jun 2003 JP
2003166050 Jun 2003 JP
2003-210831 Jul 2003 JP
2003-210852 Jul 2003 JP
2003 228642 Aug 2003 JP
2002024979 Aug 2003 JP
2002 149894 May 2004 JP
2004-261202 Sep 2004 JP
2004-321558 Nov 2004 JP
2004-536638 Dec 2004 JP
2005 005936 Jan 2005 JP
2005-73711 Mar 2005 JP
2007-011420 Jan 2007 JP
2190477 Oct 2002 RU
WO 8002512 Nov 1980 WO
WO9310508 May 1993 WO
WO 9410658 May 1994 WO
WO 9416416 Jul 1994 WO
WO 9524689 Sep 1995 WO
WO 9530944 Nov 1995 WO
WO 9600950 Jan 1996 WO
WO 9615837 May 1996 WO
WO9744750 Nov 1997 WO
WO 9809694 Mar 1998 WO
WO 9904873 Feb 1999 WO
WO 9908762 Feb 1999 WO
WO 9919027 Apr 1999 WO
WO9942964 Aug 1999 WO
WO 9952077 Oct 1999 WO
WO 9955102 Oct 1999 WO
WO 0077753 Dec 2000 WO
0120538 Mar 2001 WO
WO 0117262 Mar 2001 WO
WO 0237246 May 2001 WO
WO 0140978 Jun 2001 WO
WO 0148712 Jul 2001 WO
WO 0148713 Jul 2001 WO
WO 0148713 Jul 2001 WO
WO 0154091 Jul 2001 WO
0167218 Sep 2001 WO
WO 0182176 Nov 2001 WO
WO 0184817 Nov 2001 WO
WO 0189233 Nov 2001 WO
WO 0210931 Feb 2002 WO
WO 0221457 Mar 2002 WO
WO 0231739 Apr 2002 WO
WO 0239605 May 2002 WO
WO 0241199 May 2002 WO
WO 0247042 Jun 2002 WO
WO 02065750 Aug 2002 WO
WO 02071351 Sep 2002 WO
WO 02077931 Oct 2002 WO
WO02101486 Dec 2002 WO
WO 02101486 Dec 2002 WO
WO 03005743 Jan 2003 WO
03015299 Feb 2003 WO
WO 03013678 Feb 2003 WO
WO 03021543 Mar 2003 WO
WO 03027970 Apr 2003 WO
03045519 Jun 2003 WO
03081447 Oct 2003 WO
WO 2004000428 Dec 2003 WO
WO 2004003810 Jan 2004 WO
WO 2004013820 Feb 2004 WO
WO 2004014506 Feb 2004 WO
WO 2004023253 Mar 2004 WO
2004027689 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004034223 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004073812 Sep 2004 WO
WO 2004095383 Nov 2004 WO
WO 2004104763 Dec 2004 WO
WO 2004114235 Dec 2004 WO
WO 2005001651 Jan 2005 WO
WO 2005015458 Feb 2005 WO
WO 2005022453 Mar 2005 WO
WO 2005026870 Mar 2005 WO
WO 2005031627 Apr 2005 WO
WO 2005031666 Apr 2005 WO
WO 2005036425 Apr 2005 WO
WO 2005050574 Jun 2005 WO
WO 2005082011 Sep 2005 WO
WO2005098650 Oct 2005 WO
2006023230 Mar 2006 WO
WO 2007008601 Jan 2007 WO
WO9719537 May 2007 WO
WO 2008005264 Jan 2008 WO
WO 2008016610 Feb 2008 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (146)
Entry
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/686,354; Mar. 3, 2011; 8 pages.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/792,361; Feb. 13, 2012; 14 pages.
Solutions for Restaurants, Hotels & Resorts and Clubs—Guest bridge, Inc. (online). Guestbridge, Inc. Feb. 6, 2007 [retrieved on Aug. 21, 2008]. Retrieved from the Internet: <URL:http://web.archive.org/web/20070206134139/www.guestbridge.com/solutions.html, entire document especially p. 1.
United States Patent and Trademark Office: Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/199,835, filed Aug. 9, 2005; in the name of Lee M. Amaitis, 17 pages; Mar. 2, 2007.
Janna Lindsjö, et al.; GIGANT—an Interactive, Social, Physical and Mobile Game; PDC 2002 Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference; Malmö, Sweden; 5 pages; Jun. 23-25, 2002.
Stephan Neuert, et al.; The British Library; Delivering Seamless Mobile Services Over Bluetooth; 11 pages; date unknown.
Business Wire; Home Gambling Network Inc., With U.S. Patent 5,800,268—Business/Gambling—HGN and UUNET, a WorldCom/MCI Company, Reach a Mutually Satisfactory Resolution in Patent Suit; 2 pages; Mar. 19, 1999.
PR Newswire; Nokia N-Gage (TM) Mobile Game Deck—The Revolutionary Gaming Experience; Major Global Games Publishers Excited to Publish on Wireless Multiplayer Platform; 3 pages; Feb. 6, 2003.
Business Wire; GoldPocket Interactive Launches EM Mobile Matrix, Industry's First Fully Synchronous Interactive Television and Massively Multi-Player Gaming Solution; 2 pages; Mar. 17, 2003.
Brand Strategy; The National Lottery has announced that UK consumers will be able to purchase tickets using the internet, TV and Mobile phones. (Launches & Rebrands); ISSN 0965-9390; 1 page; Apr. 2003.
PR Newswire; Ideaworks3D appointed by Eidos Interactive to Develop Blockbuster Line-up for Nokia N-Gage Mobile Game Deck; 2 pages; May 23, 2003.
Telecomworldwire; New mobile lottery service launched by mLotto; 1 page; Oct. 30, 2003.
Singh, et al.; Anywhere, Any-Device Gaming; Human Interface Technology Laboratory; National University of Singapore; 4 pages; 2004.
Wu, et al; The Electronic Library; Real Tournament—Mobile Context-Aware Gaming for the Next Generation; vol. 22; No. 1; ISBN 0-86176-934-1; ISSN 0264-0473; 11 pages; 2004.
Precision Marketing; vol. 16, No. 11; ISSN 0955-0836; 2 pages; Jan. 9, 2004.
Online Reporter; GTECH Takes Lottery Mobile; 1 pages; Feb. 28, 2004.
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing; Human Pacman: a mobile, wide-area entertainment system based on physical, social, and ubiquitous computing; 12 pages; May 2004.
PR Newswire; M7 Networks Partners With Terraplay to Deliver Real-Time Multiplayer Gaming Functionality to Its Community Services Offerings; 2 pages; Jun. 1, 2004.
China Telecom; Win Win Gaming Inc. announces agreement to provide wireless lottery and entertainment content in Shanghai; vol. 11, No. 9; 2 pages; Sep. 2004.
Business Wire; EA Announces Next Step Into Mobile Gaming; Digital Bridges Named as Strategic Partner for Distribution of Mobile Interactive Entertainment in Europe, North and South America; 3 pages; Sep. 2, 2004.
Wireless News; Mobile Casinos, Lotteries Good News for Mobile Revenues; 2 pages; Feb. 23, 2005.
Business Wire; InfoSpace's Golf Club 3D Scores Hole-in-One for Exciting and Realistic Game Play; InfoSpace's 3D Golf Captures the Challenge and Realism of the Sport With Real-Time 3D Animation, Weather Effects, and Customizable Characters; 2 pages; Apr. 21, 2005.
Business Wire; July Systems' Play2Win Interactive Game Service Launched on UK's MobileGaming.com; Speedy Customer Deployments Now Possible With July's New UK Mobile Retailing Infrastructure; 2 pages; May 4, 2005.
Gaming Labs Certified™; Standard Series; GLI-26: Wireless Gaming System Standards; Version: 1.1; 28 pages; Jan. 18, 2007.
Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or the Declaration, for International Application No. PCT/US06/26343, 8 pages, Jan. 19, 2007.
Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or the Declaration, for International Application No. PCT/US06/26600, 8 pages, Jan. 19, 2007.
Gaming Labs Certified™; Standard Series; GLI-11: Gaming Devices in Casinos; Version: 2.0; 96 pages; Apr. 20, 2007.
Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or the Declaration for International Application No. PCT/US06/26350, 8 pages, Apr. 27, 2007.
Gaming Labs Certified™; Standard Series; GLI-21: Client-Server Systems; Version: 2.1; 85 pages; May 18, 2007.
USPTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/418,939, Dec. 17, 2007 (13 pages).
USPTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/418,939, Aug. 20, 2008 (12 pages).
USPTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/418,939, Apr. 10, 2007.
PCT Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority for International Application No. PCT/US07/66873; 4 pages; Aug. 4, 2008.
PCT Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority for International Application No. PCT/US2008/057239; 8 pages; Aug. 7, 2008.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/199,831; 9 pages; Dec. 19, 2008.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/406,783; Feb. 9, 2009.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/686,354; Oct. 1, 2009; 9 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/406,783; 6 pages; Sep. 28, 2009.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/199,831; 5 pages; Oct. 21, 2009.
USPTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829, mailed Nov. 3, 2009, 22 pages.
USPTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,933, mailed Oct. 20, 2009, 17 pages.
USPTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484, mailed Nov. 3, 2009, 31 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/686,354; Apr. 29, 2010; 6 pages.
Notice of Allowability for U.S. Appl. No. 11/199,835; Apr. 10, 2009; 2 pages.
AU Examination Report for AU Application No. 2006269413; 2 pages; Apr. 29, 2009.
Canadian Examination Report for CA Application No. 2613335; 4 pages; Mar. 29, 2010.
AU Examination Report for AU Application No. 2007216729; 5 pages; Jan. 16, 2009.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829; 29 pages; Jun. 22, 2010.
AU Examination Report for AU Application No. 2007319235; Jul. 6, 2010; 2 pages.
AU Examination Report for AU Application No. 2006269416; 4 pages; Jun. 10, 2009.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484; 19 pages; Jul. 20, 2010.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,933; 37 pages.; Jul. 20, 2010.
CA Examination Report for CA Application No. 2613333; Aug. 30, 2010; 4 pages.
NZ Examination Report for NZ Application No. 577177; Dec. 17, 2010; 2 pages.
CA Examination report for CA Application No. 2596474; Nov. 15, 2010; 6 pages.
UK Office Action for Application No. 0910202.1 dated Dec. 21, 2010; 7 pages.
JP Office Action for Application No. 2009-537329 dated Feb. 26, 2013; 13 pages.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/247,623; 10 pages; Mar. 21, 2011.
Notice of Acceptance for AU Application No. 2006269416 dated Mar. 9, 2011; 3 pages.
Notice of Acceptance for CA Application No. 2613335 dated Apr. 4, 2011; 1 pages.
JP Office Action for Application No. 2008-520391; Feb. 1, 2011; 7 pages total with English Translation.
Notice of Acceptance for AU Application No. 2006269413 dated Feb. 7, 2011; 3 pages.
JP Office Action for Application No. 2008-520389; Jan. 18, 2011; 6 pages total with English Translation.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484; 8 pages; Nov. 23, 2010.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/418,939; 27 pages; Mar. 9, 2009.
AU Examination Report for Application No. 2010214792 dated May 18, 2011; 2 pages.
EP Office Action for Application No. 07760844.6 dated Jan. 5, 2009; 7 pages.
Notice of Acceptance for Application No. 2010214792 dated Aug. 3, 2011; 3 pages.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,221; 13 pages; Aug. 10, 2011.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,269; 14 pages; Aug. 15, 2011.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,355; 14 pages; Aug. 18, 2011.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484; 8 pages; Jun. 20, 2011.
GB Office Action for Application No. GB0910202.1; 4 pages; Jul. 11, 2011.
Notice of Allowance for CA Application No. 2613333; 1 pages; Jul. 20, 2011.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,221; 7 pages; Dec. 28, 2011.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,269; 7 pages; Dec. 6, 2011.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,355; 7 pages; Dec. 12, 2011.
AU Examination Report for Application No. 2011202267; 2 pages; Nov. 30, 2011.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484; 8 pages; Dec. 13, 2011.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/247,623; Jan. 24, 2012; 8 pages.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/647,887; Jan. 23, 2012; 11 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829; Jan. 10, 2012; 14 pages.
Extended EP Search report for Application No. 07871467.2; Feb. 8, 2012; 8 pages.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/685,381; 8 pages; Feb. 28, 2012.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,933; 23 pages; Mar. 2, 2012.
JP Office Action for Application No. 2008-520389; Jan. 24, 2012; 5 pages (includes English Translation).
AU Examination Report for AU Application No. 2007319235; Mar. 13, 2012; 2 pages.
JP Office Action for Application No. 2008-520391; Apr. 10, 2012; 6 pages total with English Translation.
Notice of Acceptance for AU Application No. 2011202267; 3 pages; Mar. 6, 2012.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,269; 9 pages; Mar. 22, 2012.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484; 17 pages; Jun. 1, 2012.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829; May 11, 2012; 10 pages.
AU Examination report for Application No. 2011203051; May 28, 2012; 4 pages.
CA Examination Report for Application No. 2754756; 6 pages; May 29, 2012.
EP Office Action for Application No. 06786486.8; 5 pages; May 14, 2012.
EP Office Action for Application No. 06786483.5; 7 pages; May 14, 2012.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,355; 10 pages; Jun. 15, 2012.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/647,887; Aug. 3, 2012; 9 pages.
NZ Examination Report for NZ Application No. 577177; Jun. 29, 2012; 2 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/685,997; Jul. 10, 2012; 10 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/685,381; 7 pages; Sep. 12, 2012.
Supplemental Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/685,997; Sep. 7, 2012; 10 pages.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/616,356; 8 pages; Dec. 4, 2012.
CA Examination report for CA Application No. 2596474; Mar. 20, 2012; 1 page.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484; 17 pages; Oct. 12, 2012.
U.S. PTO Final Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,933; 24 pages; Dec. 6, 2012.
AU Examination Report for AU Application No. 2007319235; Apr. 16, 2012; 2 pages.
Yampolskiy et al., 2006, “Use of Behavioral Biometrics in Intrusion detection and Online Gaming”, Biometric technology for Human Identification III, edited by Patrick J. Flynn, Sharath Pankanti, Proc. Of SPIE vol. 6202.
NZ Examination Report for NZ Application No. 577177; Oct. 12, 2012; 2 pages.
NZ Examination Report and Notice of Acceptance for NZ Application No. 577177; Nov. 6, 2012; 2 pages.
NZ Examination Report for NZ Application No. 600525; Jun. 14, 2012; 2 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829; Oct. 9, 2012; 9 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/685,381; Jan. 9, 2013; 16 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,269; 27 pages; Oct. 17, 2012.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,355; 34 pages; Jan. 16, 2013.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/647,887; 35 pages; Mar. 13, 2013.
JP Office Action for Application No. 2009-506743 dated Jan. 22, 2013; 5 pages.
U.S. PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 12/792,361; Sep. 26, 2012; 14 pages.
US PTO Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/615,440; 17 pages; Jan. 15, 2013.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,484; 11 pages; Mar. 26, 2013.
JP Office Action for Application No. 2008-520389; Apr. 9, 2013; 5 pages (includes English Translation).
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829; Apr. 25, 2013; 13 pages.
Australian Examination Report for AU Application No. 2011250750, 3 pages; May 22, 2013.
EP Communication for Application No. 07871467.2; Feb. 22, 2013; 7 pages.
JP Decision to Grant a Patent for Application No. 2008-520391, 4 pages; Jun. 12, 2013; (w/English translation).
U.S. Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/647,887; 9 pages; Jun. 7, 2013.
Hiroshi Kakii, Complete illustration for understanding the latest i-mode, Gijutsu-Hyohron Co. Ltd., Sep. 29, 2000. Second Print of the first edition, pp. 36-37, 48-49, 62-63, 78-83, 94-95, and 108-111.
US Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,933; Jul. 15, 2013; 32 pages.
US Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/616,535; Jul. 9, 2013; 11 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/247,623; Aug. 2, 2013; 6 pages.
US Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/616,356; Aug. 15, 2013; 11 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829; Aug. 23, 2013; 10 pages.
US Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/616,588; Aug. 20, 2013; 17 pages.
Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 11/559,829; Sep. 12, 2013; 10 pages.
U.S. Final Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/615,440; 10 pages; Sep. 9, 2013.
US Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/615,981; Sep. 13, 2013; 12 pages.
US Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/616,492; Sep. 13, 2013; 13 pages.
US Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,221; Sep. 20, 2013; 8 pages.
AU Examination Report No. 1 for Application No. 2012201974; Oct. 21, 2013; 3 pages.
US Notice of Allowance for U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,269; Oct. 30, 2013; 9 pages.
CA Examination Report for App. No. 2,754,756; Dec. 30, 2013; 3 pages.
CA Examination Report for App. No. 2,596,474; Dec. 17, 2013; 2 pages.
NZ Examination Report for App. No. 618654; Dec. 20, 2013; 2 pages.
EP Examination Report for App. No. 06786486.8; Jan. 16, 2014; 5 pages.
EP Examination Report for App. No. 06786483.5; Jan. 16, 2014; 5 pages.
US Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 13/849,690; Jan. 14, 2014; 13 pages.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20120309507 A1 Dec 2012 US
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
60697861 Jul 2005 US
Continuations (2)
Number Date Country
Parent 12247623 Oct 2008 US
Child 13586142 US
Parent 11199835 Aug 2005 US
Child 12247623 US