Patent Application
20200344930
Botanical name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: Allium sativum L.
Variety denomination: ‘NEVADA 19’.
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of garlic plant, botanically known as Allium sativum of the Amaryllidaceae family, and hereinafter referred to by the variety denomination ‘NEVADA 19’. The breeder's reference is ‘V-19-G (line GH17-F1-19-c-B3)’.
The new Allium sativum variety is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the inventors, Rina Kamenetsky Goldstein, Einat Shemesh-Mayer, Haim D. Rabinowitch, Tomer Efraim Ben Michael, Chen Gershberg, and Izhak Forer, in Bet Dagan, Israel, following by the field vegetative propagation in Yerington, Nev., U.S.A. The objective of the breeding program was to develop a new Allium sativum variety suitable for growing under climatic conditions such as prevailing in Nevada and California, regular bulb structure, good storage quality, white cover scale color, good clove peeling ability and mid-season bulb harvest time.
The new Allium sativum variety originated from a cross made by the inventors in 2012 in Bet Dagan, Coastal Plain, Israel. The female or seed parent is the Allium sativum designated GR11-F1-998-b-B4 (unpatented). This plant is characterized by flowering ability, male sterility and relatively small bulbs. The male or pollen parent is the Allium sativum designated GR11-F1-999-b-B4 (unpatented). Both parents, female and male, resulted from previous crosses conducted in 2004 in Bet Dagan, Coastal Plain, Israel. In 2004, following the restoration of garlic fertility, about 10,000 seeds were obtained by uncontrolled outcrossing in 2004, and further selection for flowering ability was performed. In 2012, the cross between selected female and male parents was made in Israel. In 2012-2013, the seedling population, resulting from this cross, produced mini-bulbs (so-called sets), in Bet Dagan, Israel. In 2014, about 1000 plants from these set populations were grown in Gilroy, Calif. Subsequently, 12 single excelling plants were observed and selected and each was propagated in vitro for fast multiplication. Further selection resulted finally in the outstanding new variety ‘NEVADA 19’.
Asexual (vegetative) propagation of the new Allium sativum variety by micro propagation was first performed in 2015 in Gilroy, Calif., U.S.A, using tissue culture. Plant explants were grown on sterile agar medium with addition of minerals, microelements, sugar and plant hormones. The obtained plantlets were hardened in a greenhouse and then in September 2015 transplanted to the propagation field in Nevada. These transplants produced plants and bulbs which demonstrated that the combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for the new variety are firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual propagation. The new variety propagates true-to-type.
The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be characteristics of ‘NEVADA 19’ which in combination distinguish this garlic plant as a new, unique and distinct variety:
In comparison to the parental varieties, ‘GR11-F1-998-b-B4’ (unpatented) and ‘GR11-F1-999-b-B4’ (unpatented), ‘NEVADA 19’ differs primarily in the traits listed in Table 1.
Of the local commercial varieties known to the present inventors, the most similar in comparison to the new Allium sativum ‘NEVADA 19’ are the varieties ‘California Early’ and ‘California Late’ (unpatented), which differ from the new garlic ‘NEVADA 19’ in the characteristics described in Table 2:
The accompanying photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new Allium sativum variety ‘NEVADA 19’ showing the colors as true as is reasonably possible with colored reproductions of this type. Colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed morphological description, which accurately describe the color of ‘NEVADA 19’.
Color designations stated for the new variety may vary, depending upon variations in environmental factors, including weather (temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length, soil type, location and cultural conditions. ‘NEVADA 19’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions.
The new Allium sativum ‘NEVADA 19’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype of the new variety may vary with variations in environment such as temperature, light intensity, day length, soil or storage conditions without any change in the genotype of the garlic plant.
The aforementioned photographs, together with the following observations, measurements and values describe plants of ‘NEVADA 19’ as grown in the farm in Gilroy, Calif., U.S.A under conditions which closely approximate those generally used in commercial practice.
Unless otherwise stated, the detailed morphological description includes observations, measurements and values taken in 2017 and 2018 of plants grown in the farm in Gilroy, Calif., U.S.A. Quantified measurements are expressed as an average or a range of measurements taken from a number of plants of ‘NEVADA 19’. The measurements of any individual plant, or any group of plants, of the new variety may vary from the stated average or range.
Color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (RHS), (1986 edition), except where general colors of ordinary significance are used. Color values were taken under daylight conditions in full sunlight in Gilroy, Calif., U.S.A.
All of the plants of ‘NEVADA 19’, insofar as they have been observed, have been consistent in all the characteristics described below.
shape of base: flat. compactness of cloves: compact. ground color of dry external scales: white, RHS 155 B. color of stripes on dry external scales: medium to dark purple RHS 76 B. skin adherence of dry external scales: strongly adherent. thickness of dry external scales: medium. number of cloves: eight. distribution of cloves: radial. external cloves: none.
