The present invention relates to a gas-insulated switchgear that can suppress behavior of metallic foreign matter mixed in a tank.
In a gas-insulated switchgear, its insulation capability is maintained by filling insulating gas in a space between a metal tank that is set at a ground potential and a central conductor that is arranged in the tank and to which a high voltage is applied.
However, if a minute metallic foreign matter is mixed into the tank, the metallic foreign matter is electrically charged due to an influence of an electric field generated by the central conductor with a high voltage, and move reciprocally in a radial direction in the tank, thereby causing a decrease in a withstand voltage. Therefore, it is required to suppress behavior of the metallic foreign matter in the tank.
Conventional gas-insulated switchgears are designed to prevent electric charges having a reverse polarity to that of a central conductor from accumulating in metallic foreign matter by applying an insulative coating material to an inner surface of a tank so as to eliminate transfer of electric charges from the inner surface of the tank to the metallic foreign matter, designed to reduce the occurrence of the fact that an electrical attraction force becomes greater than the weight of the metallic foreign matter itself, to cause the metallic foreign matter to float and to prevent the metallic foreign matter from adhering to a conductor with a high-voltage, thereby causing flashover.
Patent Literature 1 describes a gas-insulated switchgear in which a coating material that contains zinc oxide (ZnO) having non-linear resistance characteristics is applied to the inner surface of a tank.
Patent Literature 2 describes, as a coating technique in a gas-insulated switchgear, a technique of applying non-linear resistance coating to a barrier insulator.
Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2010-207047
Patent Literature 2: Japanese Patent No. 4177628
In the configuration described above, in which an insulative coating material is applied to the inner surface of a tank, it is effective to suppress behavior of metallic foreign matter when the voltage is low. However, when the voltage is high, the electrical attraction force becomes greater than the weight of the metallic foreign matter itself so that the metallic foreign matter is caused to float, due to polarization (electric charges having a reverse polarity to that of a central conductor accumulate on the central conductor side) of the metallic foreign matter that is present on a coating film. Further, when the electric field exceeds an ionization limit of insulating gas, electric charges are supplied to and accumulated in the metallic foreign matter due to generation of partial discharge, and the electrical attraction force becomes greater than the weight of the metallic foreign matter itself so that the metallic foreign matter is caused to float. In this manner, in the configuration in which the insulative coating material is applied to the inner surface of the tank, while it is effective to suppress behavior of the metallic foreign matter when the voltage is low, when the voltage is high, it becomes difficult to suppress behavior of the metallic foreign matter.
On the other hand, as described in Patent Literature 1, in the configuration in which a coating material containing zinc oxide (ZnO) is applied to the inner surface of a tank, the coating material containing zinc oxide (ZnO) has high insulation properties in a low-voltage region, and thus substantially blocks charge transfer from the inner surface of the tank to metallic foreign matter. Therefore, there is the same effect as the above-described case, where the insulative coating material is applied to the inner surface of the tank. In a high-voltage region, the resistance decreases due to non-linear resistance characteristics, to allow charge transfer between the inner surface of the tank and the metallic foreign matter. Therefore, electrification due to polarization of the metallic foreign matter that is present on the coating and partial discharge is suppressed. However, in the high-voltage region, it is difficult to suppress electrification due to charge transfer (electric charges having a reverse polarity to that of the central conductor) from the inner surface of the tank to the metallic foreign matter, and as a result, it becomes difficult to sufficiently suppress behavior of the metallic foreign matter.
Furthermore, the coating technique described in Patent Literature 2 is directed to suppress discharge extension so as to reliably confine electric discharge in a gas space on the inner side of a barrier insulator, and therefore it is different from a technique that is directed to suppress behavior of metallic foreign matter that is present on the inner surface of a tank.
The present invention has been achieved in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas-insulated switchgear that can suppress behavior of metallic foreign matter in a wide range from a region having a small electric field to a region having a large electric field, in a configuration in which a coating film is provided on the inner surface of a tank.
In order to solve the aforementioned problems, a gas-insulated switchgear according to one aspect of the present invention is constructed to include: a metal tank that is grounded and has insulating gas filled therein; a conductor that is extended in the tank and to which an alternating voltage is applied; an insulative first coating film that is coated on an inner surface of the tank; and a second coating film that is overcoated on the first coating film and is formed by coating a coating material containing an insulative coating material component and a non-linear resistance material.
According to the present invention, an insulative first coating film is formed on the inner surface of a tank, and a second coating film is further formed by coating a coating material containing a non-linear resistance material on the first coating film. Due to this configuration, charge transfer from an inner surface to metallic foreign matter is blocked by the first coating film regardless of the size of an electric field, whereas when the electric field is large, the second coating film exhibits conductive properties due to non-linear resistance characteristics of the non-linear resistance material. Therefore, electrification resulting from polarization of metallic foreign matter and partial discharge is suppressed by the second coating film, and behavior of the metallic foreign matter can be suppressed from a region having a small electric field to a region having a large electric field.
Exemplary embodiments of a gas-insulated switchgear according to the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
The tank 1 is made of metal and has a substantially cylindrical shape, for example. The tank 1 is extended in an axial direction by coupling a container, the axial end of which is provided with a flange 1a by the flange 1a. The tank 1 is grounded. Insulating gas such as SF6 is filled in the tank 1.
The central conductor 2 is a conductor to which an alternating voltage is applied, and an alternating current flows therethrough. The central conductor 2 is extended along an axial direction of the tank 1, and is supported by an insulating spacer (not illustrated).
The coating film 101 is formed by coating an insulative coating material, for example, made of resin as a main component.
The coating film 3 is formed of a coating material containing a non-linear resistance material, and is formed of, for example, a coating material containing silicon carbide (SiC). For example, the coating film 3 is formed by mixing silicon carbide (SiC) having non-linear resistance characteristics into an insulative coating material, for example, made of resin as a main component, and overcoating the coating material containing silicon carbide (SiC) on the coating film 101. For example, silicon carbide (SiC) powder can be mixed in the coating material. Furthermore, because the coating film 3 is isolated from the grounded tank 1 by the insulative coating film 101, the coating film 3 electrically floats.
It is known that silicon carbide (SiC) exhibits non-linear resistance characteristics without any burning process. That is, silicon carbide (SiC) substantially exhibits insulation properties in a low-voltage or low-current region; however, the resistance decreases in a high-voltage or high-current region. As described later, in silicon carbide (SiC), a transition between an insulative state and a conductive state continuously occurs, as compared to non-linear resistance materials such as zinc oxide (ZnO). Silicon carbide (SiC) is a wide bandgap semiconductor having a larger bandgap than silicon. As the wide bandgap semiconductor, other than silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride and diamond can be mentioned, for example.
The filling rate of silicon carbide (SiC) in the coating film 3 can be, for example, in a range from 30% to 80% in a volume fraction. This filling rate is set because a filling amount that allows silicon carbide (SiC) to come into contact with each other sufficiently in the coating film 3 is required in order that the coating film 3 exhibits non-linear resistance characteristics. A lower limit of the filling amount is defined as a minimum filling amount in which silicon carbide (SiC) can come into contact with each other by percolation. Further, an upper limit of the filling amount is defined as a critical filling amount of the silicon carbide (SiC) powder, and when silicon carbide (SiC) is filled in an amount exceeding the critical filling amount, coating becomes brittle.
The non-linear resistance material contained in the coating film 3 can be materials other than silicon carbide (SiC) (for example, zinc oxide (ZnO)).
In
Operations of the present embodiment are described next. When a voltage applied to the central conductor 2 is low, or when an electric field generated by the central conductor 2 is small, silicon carbide (SiC) in the coating film 3 substantially functions as an insulator. The insulative coating film 101 is also present between the coating film 3 and the inner surface of the tank 1. Therefore, charge transfer from the inner surface of the tank 1 to the metallic foreign matter 4 is blocked, and thus electric charges having a reverse polarity to that of the central conductor 2 are not accumulated in the metallic foreign matter 4. Accordingly, the electrical attraction force due to the electric field generated by the central conductor 2 is prevented from becoming greater than the weight of the metallic foreign matter 4 itself and causing the metallic foreign matter 4 to float.
When a voltage applied to the central conductor 2 is high, or when an electric field generated by the central conductor 2 is large, the resistance of silicon carbide (SiC) in the coating film 3 decreases and the coating film 3 exhibits conductive properties. Meanwhile, the coating film 101 under the coating film 3 has insulation properties regardless of the size of the electric field. Therefore, electrification of the metallic foreign matter 4 due to polarization of the metallic foreign matter 4 that is present on the coating film 3 and partial discharge resulting from ionization of insulating gas is suppressed because the coating film 3 becomes a relief port of electric charges. Meanwhile, electrification due to the transfer of electric charges (electric charges having a reverse polarity to that of the central conductor) from the inner surface of the tank 1 to the metallic foreign matter 4 is blocked by the coating film 101. Therefore, an electrical attraction force due to the electric field generated by the central conductor 4 is prevented from becoming greater than the weight of the metallic foreign matter 4 itself and causing the metallic foreign matter 4 to float.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the insulative coating film 101 (first coating film) is formed on the inner surface of the tank 1, and the coating film 3 (second coating film) formed by coating a coating material containing an insulative coating material component and a non-linear resistance material (for example, silicon carbide (SiC)) is overcoated on the coating film 101. Accordingly, behavior of metallic foreign matter can be suppressed in a wide range from a region having a small electric field to a region having a high electric field.
Further effect of the present embodiment is described by comparing the present embodiment with a configuration of a conventional gas-insulated switchgear. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a configuration of a conventional gas-insulated switchgear. In
As illustrated in
In such a configuration, zinc oxide (ZnO) has high insulation properties in a low-voltage region, so as to block charge transfer from the inner surface of the tank 1 to the metallic foreign matter 4. Meanwhile, in a high-voltage region, the resistance thereof decreases to allow charge transfer between the inner surface of the tank 1 and the metallic foreign matter 4, thereby suppressing electrification due to polarization of the metallic foreign matter 4 that is present on the coating film 100 and partial discharge. However, in the high-voltage region, it is difficult to suppress electrification of the metallic foreign matter 4 due to charge transfer from the inner surface of the tank 1 to the metallic foreign matter 4, and as a result, it becomes difficult to sufficiently suppress behavior of the metallic foreign matter 4.
An advantage of using silicon carbide (SiC) as a non-linear resistance material is described next, comparing with a case of using zinc oxide (ZnO). Zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibits non-linear resistance characteristics similarly to silicon carbide (SiC); however, as described below, the degree of non-linearity is considerably different between these materials.
In
As illustrated in
Therefore the conventional configuration illustrated in
On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, because the coating film 3 contains silicon carbide (SiC) exhibiting gradual non-linear resistance characteristics as illustrated in
The voltage applied to the central conductor 2 is an alternating voltage, and the voltage continuously changes in time trigonometrically. In the conventional configuration illustrated in
Contrary to this, according to the present embodiment, when silicon carbide (SiC) is used as the non-linear resistance material, the conductive property of the coating film 3 continuously changes following the change of the alternating electric field, because of the non-linear resistance characteristics of silicon carbide (SiC). Accordingly, electrification resulting from polarization of the metallic foreign matter 4 and partial discharge can be suppressed according to the size of the electric field.
Furthermore, zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibits non-linear resistance characteristics by calcination. That is, in the conventional configuration illustrated in
On the other hand, silicon carbide (SiC) exhibits non-linear resistance characteristics without performing any calcination. Therefore, when silicon carbide (SiC) is used as the non-linear resistance material, there is no need to burn silicon carbide (SiC), and thus there is an advantage in reduction in the number of manufacturing processes as compared to the conventional configuration illustrated in
According to the present embodiment, because the coating film 3 is formed on the coating film 101, an existing tank 1 in which an insulative coating material is applied to the inner surface of the tank 1 can be used.
When applying coating to a coating film 3, a filler does not need to be mixed in the coating material containing a non-linear resistance material. A filler such as alumina or silica as an insulating material is used to maintain strength, and does not cause any influence for suppressing the behavior of the metallic foreign matter 4. Therefore, the coating film 3 can contain, for example, only resin that is a coating material component and a non-linear resistance material.
As described above, the present invention is useful as a gas-insulated switchgear that can suppress behavior of metallic foreign matter that is present in a tank.
1 tank, 1a flange, 2 central conductor, 3, 100, 101 coating, 4 metallic foreign matter.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2013/051080 | 1/21/2013 | WO | 00 |