Patent Application
20250196065
This application claims priority of Taiwan Patent Application No. 112148428, filed on Dec. 13, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.
The present disclosure relates to gas remediation technology, and, in particular, to a gas remediation device for converting nitrogen monoxide.
With the rise of environmental awareness, the treatment of industrial pollutants has become increasingly important. For example, in a general large-scale factory system, a large number of devices such as boilers, furnaces, and steam equipment are usually used as power sources for production or processing. These devices discharge the burned exhaust gas into the atmosphere through a flue, so the burned exhaust gas can also be called flue gas. Generally speaking, the compositions of flue gas include nitrogen oxides (NOx) such as nitrogen monoxide (NO), wherein the dangers of nitrogen monoxide include but are not limited to being fatal if inhaled, causing severe burns, causing eye damage, and being corrosive to respiratory tract. Therefore, gas remediation devices are needed to reduce the emissions of nitrogen monoxide.
For the aforementioned purpose, prior art has used some conversion catalysts to convert nitrogen monoxide into other gases that are less toxic or non-toxic (e.g., nitrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen dioxide). However, these conversion catalysts may need to be operated with an amino reducing agent or may have to operate at high temperatures, which is not conducive to reducing pollution and energy consumption. Therefore, how to provide a gas remediation device that can operate at low temperatures and does not contain an amino reducing agent has become an urgent issue in the art.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a gas remediation device is provided. The gas remediation device includes an air inlet, a dust filter component, a conversion component, a scrubber component, and an air outlet. The air inlet is used to receive flue gas, wherein the flue gas includes nitrogen monoxide. The dust filter component is in fluid communication with the air inlet. The conversion component is in fluid communication with the dust filter component. The conversion component includes a conversion chamber, and the conversion chamber includes a conversion catalyst. The conversion catalyst converts nitrogen monoxide into nitrogen, oxygen, nitrogen dioxide, or a combination thereof at an operating temperature of 15° C. to 300° C. The scrubber component is in fluid communication with the conversion component. The air outlet is in fluid communication with the scrubber component.
The gas remediation device of the present disclosure can be applied in a variety of production equipment or processing equipment. In order to make the features and advantages of the present disclosure more comprehensible, various embodiments are specially cited below, together with the accompanying drawings, to be described in detail as follows.
Aspects of the present disclosure are best understood from the following detailed description when read with the accompanying figures. It should be noted that, in accordance with the standard practice in the industry, various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of the various features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity of discussion.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing the various features of the provided device. Specific examples of features and their configurations are described below to simplify the embodiments of the present disclosure, but certainly not to limit the present disclosure. For example, the formation of a first feature over or on a second feature in the description that follows may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features may be formed between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact. In addition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.
The directional terms mentioned herein, such as “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, and similar terms refer to the directions of the drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms used is to illustrate, not to limit, the present disclosure.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, terms about disposing and connecting, such as “disposing”, “connecting” and similar terms, unless otherwise specified, may refer to two features are in direct contact with each other, or may also refer to two features are not in direct contact with each other, wherein there is an additional connect feature between the two features. The terms about disposing and connecting may also include the case where both features are movable, or both features are fixed.
In addition, ordinal numbers such as “first”, “second”, and the like used in the specification and claims are configured to modify different features or to distinguish different embodiments or ranges, rather than to limit the number, the upper or lower limits of features, and are not intended to limit the order of manufacture or arrangement of features.
Herein, the terms “approximately”, “about”, and “substantially” generally mean within 10%, within 5%, within 3%, within 2%, within 1%, or within 0.5% of a given value or range. The given value is an approximate value, that is, “approximately”, “about”, and “substantially” can still be implied without the specific description of “approximately”, “about”, and “substantially”.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It should be understood that these terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the background or context of the related technology and the present disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner, unless otherwise specified in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Some variations of the embodiments are described below. In different figures and described embodiments, the same or similar reference numerals are configured to refer to the same or similar features. It should be understood that additional steps may be provided before, during, and after the method, and that some described steps may be replaced or deleted for another embodiment of the method.
In the prior art, the flue gas is usually treated by heating the flue gas, or using an amino reducing agent with a conversion catalyst to convert nitrogen monoxide into oxygen, nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, or a combination thereof. This approach may not be conducive to reducing environmental pollution or reducing energy consumption. Therefore, the present disclosure provides a gas remediation device that can operate at low temperature and does not contain an amino reducing agent to solve at least some of the above problems.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the temperature of the flue gas received may be between 15° C. and 300° C. For example, the temperature of the flue gas may be 15° C., 30° C., 90° C., 150° C., 200° C., 250° C., 300° C., or any value or range between the above values. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the temperature of the flue gas received may be slightly above 300° C., such as 330° C., 350° C., etc.
As shown in
As shown in
NO+NO→N2+O2 Reaction equation 1:
2NO+O2→NO2 Reaction equation 2:
It should be noted that the conversion component 30 of the present disclosure may realize the above-mentioned reaction equation 1 and reaction equation 2 only through the conversion catalyst 310 without using an amino reducing agent. In some embodiments, when the temperature of the flue gas is between 15° C. and 300° C., the present disclosure may directly process the flue gas through the conversion catalyst 310 without heating the flue gas. In other words, the conversion component 30 of the present disclosure may process the flue gas without ammonia and process the flue gas at low temperature, thereby achieving more environmentally friendly and low energy consumption gas remediation. In some embodiments, the conversion catalyst has a chemical structure as MnM1xM2yOz, wherein M1 is La, Ce, Fe, or a combination thereof, M2 is Cu, Co, Ni, or a combination thereof, x is between 0.1 and 1, y is between 0.05 and 0.8, z is stoichiometric, and x>y. For example, the conversion catalyst 310 may be or may include MnCe0.3Co0.3Oz, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the conversion catalysts 310 in the conversion chamber 31 are arranged in a specific manner to achieve gas conversion with higher efficiency under the same volume or weight. As shown in
As shown in
The first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2 have porous structures, and the pores are large enough to allow the flue gas to pass through. In this way, when the flue gas passes through the pores of the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2, the conversion catalyst 310 in the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2 may convert the nitrogen monoxide of the flue gas into oxygen, nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, or a combination thereof.
The barrier structure 31S3 is disposed between the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2 and has no pores. Under this circumstance, when the flue gas cannot pass through the barrier structure 31S3, the barrier structure 31S3 may split the third flow channel C3 into a first sub flow channel C31 and a second sub flow channel C32. In this case, the chamber air inlet 311 is disposed on the third sidewall 31C and is in fluid communication with the first sub flow channel C31. The chamber air outlet 312 is disposed on the fourth sidewall 31D and is in fluid communication with the second sub flow channel C32.
In this case, the flow of the flue gas may be as shown in
In some embodiments, a length L1 of the inner wall of the conversion chamber 31 (i.e., excluding the thickness of the conversion chamber 31) may be between 50 cm and 150 cm, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the length L1 of the inner wall of the conversion chamber 31 may be 50 cm, 70 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm, 130 cm, 150 cm, or any value or range between the above values. In some embodiments, a width W1 of the inner wall of the conversion chamber 31 may be between 25 cm and 75 cm, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the width W1 of the inner wall of the conversion chamber 31 may be 25 cm, 35 cm, 45 cm, 55 cm, 65 cm, 75 cm, or any value or range between the above values, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, a height H1 of the inner wall of the conversion chamber 31 may be between 50 cm and 150 cm, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the height H1 of the inner wall of the conversion chamber 31 may be 50 cm, 70 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm, 130 cm, 150 cm, or any value or range between the above values. In some embodiments, the length L1 of the inner wall of the conversion chamber 31 may be the same as the height H1, and the width W1 may be half of the length L1 or the height H1, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, a length L2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1 may be between 50 cm and 150 cm, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the length L2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1 may be 50 cm, 70 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm, 130 cm, 150 cm, or any value or range between the above values. In some embodiments, the first catalyst structure 31S1 may fill up the conversion chamber 31 in the length direction. In some embodiments, a width W2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1 may be between 4 cm and 16 cm, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the width W2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1 may be 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, 12 cm, 14 cm, 16 cm, or any value or range between the above values. In some embodiments, a height H2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1 may be between 50 cm and 150 cm, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the height H2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1 may be 50 cm, 70 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm, 130 cm, 150 cm, or any value or range between the above values. In some embodiments, the first catalyst structure 31S1 may fill up the conversion chamber 31 in the height direction.
In some embodiments, the size of the second catalyst structure 31S2 may be similar to or the same as the first catalyst structure 31S1. For example, the length, width, and height of the second catalyst structure 31S2 may be similar to or the same as the length L2, width W2, and height H2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1, respectively. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the width of the second catalyst structure 31S2 may be greater or smaller than the width W2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1.
In some embodiments, the first catalyst structure 31S1 has a first volume, the second catalyst structure 31S2 has a second volume, and the sum of the first volume and the second volume occupies between 20% and 40% of the volume of the conversion chamber 31. In other words, the remaining volume of the conversion chamber 31 is taken up by the first flow channel C1, the second flow channel C2, the third flow channel C3, and the barrier structure 31S3. For example, the sum of the first volume and the second volume occupies 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40% of the volume of the conversion chamber 31, or any value or range between the above values, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the first flow channel C1 has a length L3, the second flow channel C2 has a length L4, the third flow channel C3 has a length L5, and the lengths L3, L4 and L5 are equal to each other. In some embodiments, the length L3, the length L4, and the length L5 may be between 50 cm and 150 cm, such as 50 cm, 75 cm, 90 cm, 105 cm, 120 cm, 135 cm, 150 cm, or any value or range between the above values, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the barrier structure 31S3 may be a baffle, and the baffle is used to block the passage of flue gas. In some embodiments, the first sub flow channel C31 of the third flow channel C3 separated by the baffle has a first length L6, and the second sub flow channel C32 has a second length L7, and the first length L6 is the same as the second length L7. In other words, in these embodiments, the barrier structure 31S3 may be disposed in the middle of the third flow channel C3. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the barrier structure 31S3 may also be disposed on a side adjacent to the third sidewall 31C or a side adjacent to the fourth sidewall 31D.
In the above, some possible dimensions or possible shapes of the conversion chamber 31 have been described. It should be noted that although specific dimensions (e.g., centimeters) are used to express each component and the relationship between them, the present disclosure may adjust the size of the conversion chamber 31 as needed. For example, the specific numerical values of each above-mentioned component may be enlarged or reduced in equal proportions and applied to gas remediation devices 1 of different sizes. For example, the ratio of length L1 to width W1 to height H1 of the conversion chamber 31 may be 2:1:2. Alternatively, the ratio of length L2 to width W2 to height H2 of the first catalyst structure 31S1 may be 100:8:100; or the ratio of length to width to height of the second catalyst structure 31S2 may be 100:8:100.
In some embodiments, based on the above configuration (i.e., the H-shaped catalyst as described above), the pressure drop of the flue gas after passing through the conversion chamber 31 may be between 50 Pa and 850 Pa. For example, the pressure drop of the flue gas after passing through the conversion chamber 31 may be 50 Pa, 100 Pa, 150 Pa, 300 Pa, 400 Pa, 500 Pa, 600 Pa, 700 Pa, 800 Pa, 850 Pa, or any value or range between the above values, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other words, the structure of the conversion chamber 31 disclosed in the present disclosure may have excellent flow diversion effect, thereby processing the conversion of nitrogen monoxide more effectively.
Alternatively, the unit of pressure drop may also be expressed in mmAq. In some embodiments where the pressure drop is expressed in mmAq, the pressure drop of the flue gas may be between 5 mmAq and 85 mmAq. For example, the pressure drop of the flue gas after passing through the conversion chamber 31 may be 5 mmAq, 10 mmAq, 15 mmAq, 30 mmAq, 40 mmAq, 50 mmAq, 60 mmAq, 70 mmAq, 80 mmAq, 85 mmAq, or any value or range between the above values, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
As shown in
In some embodiments, the flue gas may have a higher moisture content, or may condense due to the temperature drop during the conversion process. In this case, moisture may remain on the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2 of the conversion chamber 31, causing the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2 to be partially blocked or completely blocked. As a result, the conversion functions of the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2 may be reduced or even disabled. Therefore, the reflow unit 32 may be disposed to return the treated flue gas (which has lower humidity than the untreated flue gas) into the conversion chamber 31 to take away the water adsorbed on the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2. In this way, the partial blockage or complete blockage of the first catalyst structure 31S1 and the second catalyst structure 31S2 may be effectively alleviated. In some embodiments, the configuration with the reflow unit 32 may also be called an “online reflow design”.
In some embodiments, based on the total volume of flue gas flowing into the conversion chamber 31, the reflow unit 32 may extract at least 10% of the treated flue gas to return to the conversion chamber 31, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the reflow unit 32 may extract 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, or any value or range between the above values and return them into the conversion chamber 31.
As shown in
As shown in
As above-mentioned, based on some of the above configurations, the conversion efficiency of nitrogen monoxide of the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure is between 55% and 95%. For example, the conversion efficiency of nitrogen monoxide may be 55%, 60%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or any value or range between the above values. Some practical applications of the present disclosure are provided below for reference.
It should be noted that although the pressure drop of the H-shaped structure is lower, the present disclosure may still adopt the flat structure and the V-shaped structure according to actual needs. In other words, the pressure drop of the flue gas after passing through the conversion chamber (for example, including any one of these three catalyst structures) may be between 50 Pa and 2800 Pa. For example, the pressure drop of the flue gas after passing through the conversion chamber may be 50 Pa, 100 Pa, 150 Pa, 300 Pa, 400 Pa, 500 Pa, 600 Pa, 700 Pa, 800 Pa, 850 Pa, 1500 Pa, 2000 Pa, 2500 Pa, 2800 Pa, or any value or any range between the above values, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
Therefore, Table 1 shows that the H-shaped structure may have lower pressure drop and higher conversion efficiency than other structures. In the following, the conversion chamber 31 with the H-shaped structure is used as an example, and the experiment is carried out selectively with the reflow unit 32.
In Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the conversion catalyst 310 is MnCe0.3Co0.3Oz, and the volume is 120 ml. The gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) is 3000 hr−1. It may be known from Table 3 that without reflowing the treated flue gas (Embodiment 1), the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure has a conversion efficiency of at least 61%. In the case of reflowing 50% of the treated flue gas (i.e., reflow/inflow ratio=0.5) (Embodiment 2), the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure has a conversion efficiency of at least 75%.
In Embodiments 3 to 5, the conversion catalyst 310 is MnCe0.3Co0.3 Oz, and the volume is 120 ml. The gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) is 3000 hr−1. It may be known from Table 3 that without reflowing the treated flue gas (Embodiment 3), the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure has a conversion efficiency of at least 59% and a pressure drop of 160 Pa. In the case of reflowing the treated flue gas (Embodiment 4), the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure has a conversion efficiency of at least 74% and a pressure drop of 200 Pa. In the case of reflowing the treated flue gas (Embodiment 5), the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure has a conversion efficiency of at least 83% and a pressure drop of 250 Pa.
In Embodiments 6 and 7, the conversion catalyst 310 is MnCe0.3Co0.3 Oz, and the volume is 120 ml. The gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) is 3000 hr−1. It may be known from Table 4 that in the case when 50% of the treated flue gas is recirculated and the reaction temperature is 90-100° C. (Embodiment 6), the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure has a conversion efficiency of at least 80%. In the case when 50% of the treated flue gas is recirculated and the reaction temperature is 180-200° C. (Embodiment 7), the gas remediation device 1 of the present disclosure has a conversion efficiency of at least 97%.
In summary, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a gas remediation device that may effectively convert nitrogen monoxide, thereby achieving excellent remediation effects.
The foregoing outlines features of several embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand the aspects of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they may readily use the present disclosure as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures for carrying out the same purposes and/or achieving the same advantages of the embodiments introduced herein. Those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and that they may make various changes, substitutions, and alterations herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 112148428 | Dec 2023 | TW | national |
