The present application is based on, and claims priority from JP Application Serial Number 2023-124591, filed Jul. 31, 2023, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
The present disclosure relates to a gas separation apparatus.
In order to implement carbon neutrality or carbon minus, a technique is being considered to absorb and collect carbon dioxide discharged from thermal power plants, boiler facilities, or the like, and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As such a technique, there has been known a membrane separation method of separating carbon dioxide using a gas separation membrane.
For example, JP-A-2021-133354 discloses carbon dioxide recovery apparatus including a first separation unit that is disposed to separate a first supply space and a first processing space, and that separates carbon dioxide contained in a material gas supplied to the first supply space from impurity gases containing components other than carbon dioxide out of the material gas by permeation. It is also disclosed that the first separation unit includes a separation membrane through which carbon dioxide contained in the material gas selectively permeates.
JP-A-2021-133354 is an example of the related art.
In the membrane separation method, it is a problem to improve separation efficiency of a predetermined gas component. In order to increase the separation efficiency of the gas separation membrane, it is necessary to keep the concentration of the predetermined gas component at a high level at the upstream of the gas separation membrane. However, when a predetermined gas component permeates the gas separation membrane, the concentration of the gas component at the upstream decreases accordingly, which incurs a decrease in separation efficiency.
Therefore, it is required to realize a gas separation apparatus in which the concentration of the predetermined gas component hardly decreases even when the predetermined gas component permeates the gas separation membrane and a decrease in separation efficiency can be suppressed.
A gas separation apparatus according to an application example of the present disclosure includes:
a first gas chamber including a first wall part configured to define a first space, a mixed gas supply port that is provided to the first wall part and configured to supply a mixed gas into the first space, and a mixed gas discharge port configured to discharge the mixed gas from the inside of the first space to an outside;
a second gas chamber including a second wall part configured to define a second space, and a gas component discharge port that is provided to the second wall part and configured to discharge a gas containing a predetermined gas component extracted from the mixed gas from an inside of the second space to an outside; and a rotary fan including a base part that is hollowed, that is configured to rotate around a rotation axis, and that has an inside communicating with the second space, a vane part that is hollowed, that is disposed in the first space, and that has an inside communicating with the second space, and a first gas separation membrane that is configured to separate an inside and an outside of the vane part, and that allows a gas higher in concentration of the predetermined gas component than the mixed gas to permeate therethrough.
Hereinafter, a gas separation apparatus according to the present disclosure will be described in detail based on some embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
First, a gas separation apparatus according to a first embodiment will be described.
In the drawings of the present application, a z axis and an r axis are set. The r axis is an axis representing a radial direction when setting the z axis as the center. Although there is a plurality of r axes radially extending from the z axis, each drawing illustrates one representative r axis or two representative r axes. In addition, in each of the drawings, each axis is represented by an arrow, a tip side of the arrow represents “plus,” and a base end side of the arrow represents “minus.” In the following description, for example, the “z-axis direction” includes both of a positive direction and a negative direction of the z axis. The same applies to the r-axis direction.
The gas separation apparatus 1 illustrated in
The first gas chamber 2 has a first space S1. The first space S1 is configured such that a mixed gas G1 passes therethrough. The second gas chamber 3 has a second space S2. The second space S2 is configured such that a mixed gas G2 (gas higher in carbon dioxide concentration than the mixed gas G1) extracted and separated from the mixed gas G1 permeates therethrough. The concentration of carbon dioxide satisfies G1<G2. In the drawings of the present application, the flow of the mixed gas G1 is indicated by a solid arrow, and the flow of the mixed gas G2 is indicated by a dotted arrow.
The mixed gas G1 is a gas that contains carbon dioxide as a gas component as a separation target and other gas components (non-target components). The mixed gas G1 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, the atmosphere, or an exhaust gas discharged from a facility such as a factory. The gas component as the separation target is not limited to carbon dioxide and may be another gas component. The non-target component varies depending on the mixed gas G1, but is nitrogen, oxygen, or the like when the mixed gas G1 is the air.
The rotary fan 4 includes a base part 41 that is hollow, and extends along the z axis, a vane part 42 that is hollow, and is disposed in the first gas chamber 2, and a first gas separation membrane 51 that is provided to the vane part 42. The base part 41 rotates around a rotation axis AR extending in parallel to the z axis, and the inside thereof communicates with the second gas chamber 3. The vane part 42 is supported by the outer side surface of the base part 41, and the inside thereof communicates with the second gas chamber 3. The first gas separation membrane 51 separates the inside (the second space S2) and the outside (the first space S1) of the vane part 42, allows the carbon dioxide contained in the mixed gas G1 in the first space S1 to selectively or preferentially permeate over other gas components, and introduces the mixed gas G2 having a higher carbon dioxide concentration than the mixed gas G1 into the second space S2.
In such the gas separation apparatus 1, as the rotary fan 4 rotates, the vane part 42 having the first gas separation membrane 51 moves in the mixed gas G1. Specifically, the rotary fan 4 generates a gas flow flowing from the z-axis positive side to the z-axis negative side. Therefore, even when the concentration of carbon dioxide on the surface of the first gas separation membrane 51 at the first space S1 side decreases due to an action of the first gas separation membrane 51, the fresh mixed gas G1 can rapidly be supplied to the first gas separation membrane 51 by the gas flow. That is, by moving the vane part 42 to the region where the concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed gas G1 is not decreased, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide on the first gas separation membrane 51. As a result, a decrease in the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide in the first gas separation membrane 51 can be suppressed.
The first gas chamber 2 includes a first wall part 21, a mixed gas supply port 22, and a mixed gas discharge port 23.
An inner wall surface of the first wall part 21 defines the first space S1. The mixed gas G1 is supplied to the first space S1 through the mixed gas supply port 22. The mixed gas G1 thus supplied is moved in the first space S1 by the rotary fan 4 and is discharged to the outside through the mixed gas discharge port 23. In such a manner, the first space S1 controls the flow of the mixed gas G1. A constituent material of the first wall part 21 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a resin material, a metal material, and a ceramic material. In addition, a composite material containing these materials may be used.
The first wall part 21 is provided with the mixed gas supply port 22 and the mixed gas discharge port 23. The mixed gas supply port 22 is provided in a region (on an extension line of the rotation axis AR) of the first wall part 21 at the z-axis positive side of the rotary fan 4. Since the mixed gas supply port 22 is provided to such a region, the fresh mixed gas G1 can efficiently be drawn into the first space S1 with the gas flow generated by the rotary fan 4.
The mixed gas discharge port 23 is provided in a region (on a radius of the rotation axis AR) of the first wall part 21 at the r-axis positive side of the rotary fan 4. The radius of the rotation axis AR refers to a half line orthogonal to the rotation axis AR. Since the mixed gas discharge port 23 is provided in such a portion, the mixed gas G1 in which the concentration of carbon dioxide is reduced can efficiently be discharged to the outside of the first space S1 with the gas flow generated by the rotary fan 4.
The mixed gas supply port 22 may be formed of a hole that communicates the first space S1 with the outside or may have a structure to which a pipe (not shown) can be coupled.
The mixed gas discharge port 23 may be formed of a hole that communicates the first space S1 with the outside or may have a structure to which a pipe (not shown) can be coupled.
The second gas chamber 3 has a second wall part 31 and a gas component discharge port 33.
An inner wall surface of the second wall part 31 defines the second space S2. The carbon dioxide thus separated is supplied to the second space S2. The carbon dioxide thus supplied moves in the second space S2 and is exhausted by the exhaust pump 9 through the gas component discharge port 33. The carbon dioxide thus exhausted is recovered in a recovery unit (not shown). A constituent material of the second wall part 31 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having rigidity capable of withstanding a pressure difference between the second space S2 and the outside. Examples of the constituent material include a resin material, metal material, and a ceramic material. In addition, a composite material containing these materials may be used.
The gas component discharge port 33 is coupled to the exhaust pump 9 via the pipe. Accordingly, the second space S2 can be depressurized, and the carbon dioxide can be separated. Examples of the exhaust pump 9 include a dry pump such as a screw pump and a scroll pump, an oil rotary pump, and a turbo molecular pump. Among them, the dry pump is preferably used, and the screw pump is more preferably used. These are useful as the exhaust pump 9 because there is no possibility that the second space S2 is contaminated since no oil or liquid is used, and the power consumption is low.
The first wall part 21 and the second wall part 31 are partially integrated. Communication holes 212 and a communication hole 214 that communicate the first space S1 and the second space S2 with each other are provided in this portion.
The communication holes 212 are disposed at regular intervals around the rotation axis AR. The communication holes 212 are closed by second gas separation membranes 52. The second gas separation membranes 52 each separate the second space S2 and the first space S1 from each other, allow carbon dioxide contained in the mixed gas G1 in the first space S1 to selectively or preferentially permeate over other gas components, and introduce the mixed gas G2 higher in carbon dioxide concentration than the mixed gas G1 into the second space S2.
The base part 41 of the rotary fan 4 described later is inserted through the communication hole 214. The first gas chamber 2 has a seal bearing 24. The seal bearing 24 airtightly couples the communication hole 214 and the base part 41 to each other. Accordingly, the rotary fan 4 can rotatably be supported with respect to the first gas chamber 2, and the pressure difference between the first space S1 and the second space S2 can be maintained.
The rotary fan 4 shown in
The base part 41 has a cylindrical shape extending along the rotation axis AR. An end portion at the z-axis positive side of the base part 41 is closed. The inside of the base part 41 that is hollowed communicates with the second space S2. The base part 41 has rigidity necessary for supporting the vane parts 42, rigidity enough to withstand a pressure difference between the first space S1 and the second space S2, and sufficient airtightness. A constituent material of the base part 41 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a resin material, a metal material, and a ceramic material. In addition, a composite material containing these materials may be used.
The vane part 42 extends in a direction crossing the rotation axis AR and has a plate shape. The vane part 42 is hollow. Openings are provided in a surface (first surface) at the z-axis positive side and a surface (second surface) at the z-axis negative side of the vane part 42. The first gas separation membrane 51 is disposed so as to close the opening. The inside of the vane part 42 that is hollowed communicates with the second space S2 via the inside of the base part 41. The vane part 42 has rigidity and airtightness sufficient to withstand the pressure difference between the first space S1 and the second space S2. A constituent material of the vane part 42 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a resin material, a metal material, and a ceramic material. In addition, a composite material containing these materials may be used.
The vane part 42 may be integrated with the base part 41 but is preferably detachable from the base part 41. Accordingly, in the maintenance of the rotary fan 4, the vane part 42 can easily be removed and attached, and thus the maintainability is improved.
As shown in
The number of the vane parts 42 of the rotary fan 4 may be one, but is preferably two or more, more preferably 4 or more and 100 or less, and still more preferably 6 or more and 20 or less. By providing the plurality of vane parts 42, it is possible to realize the gas separation apparatus 1 in which the gas permeation amount of carbon dioxide is particularly large. When the number of the vane parts 42 is less than the lower limit value, the gas permeation amount of carbon dioxide may decrease. On the other hand, although the number of the vane parts 42 may exceed the upper limit value, the weight of the rotary fan 4 may increase and the energy required for the rotation may increase.
In
The outer diameter D of the rotary fan 4 is not particularly limited but is preferably 50 mm or more and 5000 mm or less, and more preferably 200 mm or more and 1000 mm or less. This makes it possible to optimize the balance between the energy required for the rotation of the rotary fan 4 and the gas permeation amount of the carbon dioxide in the rotary fan 4.
The thickness t of the vane part 42 is appropriately set according to the size of the vane part 42 and so on, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 200 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and further more preferably 1 mm or more and 30 mm or less. Accordingly, it is possible to optimize balance between the energy required for the rotation of the rotary fan 4 and the rigidity of the vane part 42.
The vane part 42 may extend from the base part 41 toward the r-axis positive side, but preferably extends so that the first gas separation membrane 51 is inclined with respect to the rotation axis AR. Specifically, when the first gas separation membrane 51 is cut along a plane including the rotation axis AR, an angle θ (angle at the second space S2 side) between the rotation axis AR and the cutting surface of the first gas separation membrane 51 may be 90° but is preferably more than 0° and less than 90°. That is, in the example shown in
The angle θ between the rotation axis AR and the cutting surface of the first gas separation membrane 51 is more preferably 20° or more and 80° or less, and still more preferably 30° or more and 70° or less.
The vane part 42 sufficiently have a plate shape and may have either a flat plate shape or a curved plate shape. The vane parts 42 may be twisted around the r axis shown in
The first gas separation membrane 51 separates the inside and the outside of the vane part 42 and allows the mixed gas G2 having a higher carbon dioxide concentration than the mixed gas G1 to permeate therethrough. When the rotary fan 4 rotates, the first gas separation membrane 51 moves in the mixed gas G1. At this time, in the first gas separation membrane 51, the carbon dioxide at the first space S1 side is preferentially permeated over the gas component other than the carbon dioxide contained in the mixed gas G1 to be separated toward the second space S2. Accordingly, although the concentration of the carbon dioxide at the first space S1 side decreases, the vane part 42 moves to a region where the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the mixed gas G1 does not decrease, that is, a region where the fresh mixed gas G1 exists, and thus it is possible to suppress the decrease in the concentration of the carbon dioxide on the surface at the first space S1 side of the first gas separation membrane 51. As a result, a decrease in the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide in the first gas separation membrane 51 can be suppressed. Note that the fresh mixed gas G1 refers to the mixed gas G1 in which the concentration of carbon dioxide has hardly decreased and has the initial concentration.
Two pieces of the first gas separation membranes 51 are provided to each of the vane parts 42 shown in
When the plurality of the first gas separation membranes 51 are provided, the first t gas separation membranes 51 may have respective configurations the same as each other or different from each other.
The first gas separation membrane 51 allows the carbon dioxide contained in the mixed gas G1 supplied to the first space S1 side to permeate to the second space S2 side selectively or preferentially over other gas components. Accordingly, the first gas separation membrane 51 has a property that the gas permeability to carbon dioxide is higher than the gas permeability to non-target components (property that the gas selectivity of carbon dioxide is high). Hereinafter, a ratio of the gas permeability to carbon dioxide with respect to the gas permeability to nitrogen is simply referred to as “gas selectivity.”
The gas selectivity of the first gas separation membrane 51 is preferably 3 or more, and more preferably 10 or more and 1000 or less. When the gas selectivity is within the above range, the first gas separation membrane 51 can efficiently separate and recover carbon dioxide in the mixed gas G1.
The gas permeability to nitrogen in the first gas separation membrane 51 and the gas permeability to carbon dioxide in the first gas separation membrane 51 are each measured according to the gas permeability test method (first part: differential pressure method) defined in JIS K 7126-1:2006. A gas permeability measuring device is used for the measurement. Examples of the gas permeability measuring device include GTR-11A/31A manufactured by GTR TEC Corporation. In this apparatus, the gas that has permeated through the first gas separation membrane 51 is introduced into the gas chromatograph to measure the gas permeability to each component.
In the first gas separation membrane 51, the gas permeability to carbon dioxide is preferably 1000 GPU or more, more preferably 5000 GPU or more and 100000 GPU or less, and still more preferably 10000 GPU or more and 50000 GPU or less. Accordingly, it is possible to realize the first gas separation membrane 51 capable of reducing the input amount of energy necessary for the separation, specifically, reducing the pressure difference between the first space S1 side and the second space S2 side. When the gas permeability to carbon dioxide of the first gas separation membrane 51 is lower than the lower limit value, a large amount of energy is required for the separation of the carbon dioxide, and there is a possibility that economic efficiency in operation of the gas separation apparatus 1 is reduced. On the other hand, when the gas permeability to carbon dioxide of the first gas separation membrane 51 exceeds the upper limit value, the cost for manufacturing the first gas separation membrane 51 may increase. The 1 GPU is 3.35×10−10 mol·m−2·s−1·Pa−1.
As is clear from
The thickness of the first gas separation membrane 51 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 nm or more and 1000 μm or less, more preferably 5 nm or more and 100 μm or less, and still more preferably 10 nm or more and 10 μm or less.
The average thickness of the first gas separation membrane 51 is an average value of the thicknesses measured at 10 locations in the first gas separation membrane 51. The thickness of the first gas separation membrane 51 can be measured using, for example, a thickness gauge.
The size of the first gas separation membrane 51 is not particularly limited, but the maximum length is preferably 5 cm or more and 2 m or less, and more preferably 10 cm or more and 1 m or less. As a result, the first gas separation membrane 51 having a mechanical strength enough to withstand the pressure difference and capable of ensuring a sufficient gas permeation amount is obtained.
The first gas separation membrane 51 may be a single layer or a composite layer formed by stacking a plurality of layers. When the composite layer is adopted, the first gas separation membrane 51 may include a porous layer that is porous.
Examples of a constituent material of the first gas separation membrane 51 include a polymer material, a ceramic material, and a metal material. The constituent material of the first gas separation membrane 51 may be a composite material of these materials or a composite material of these materials and other materials.
Examples of the polymer material include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, fluorine-containing resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, and polyvinylidene fluoride, organopolysiloxane (silicone resin), polystyrene, cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyurethane, polyacrylonitrile, polyphenylene oxide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyimide, polyaramid, and nylon.
Examples of the ceramic material include alumina, cordierite, mullite, silicon carbide, and zirconia. Examples of the metal material include stainless steel.
The second gas separation membrane 52 separates the first space S1 side and the second space S2 side from each other, and allows the carbon dioxide (predetermined gas component) contained in the mixed gas G1 to permeate preferentially over gas components other than carbon dioxide. When the rotary fan 4, which is an axial-flow fan, rotates, the mixed gas G1 moves in the extending direction (z-axis direction) of the rotation axis AR in the first space S1. The second gas separation membrane 52 is provided at the leeward in the gas flow generated by the rotary fan 4. In the configuration illustrated in
The arrangement of the second gas separation membrane 52 is preferably leeward, but is not limited thereto, and may be a position other than leeward.
The description of the first gas separation membrane 51 described above is also applicable to the second gas separation membrane 52.
The second gas separation membrane 52 may be provided as necessary and may be omitted.
The gas separation apparatus 1 includes a drive unit 6 disposed inside the second space S2. The drive unit 6 generates driving force for rotating the rotary fan 4. Since the driving force required for the rotation of the rotary fan 4 can be relatively small, the energy consumption of the gas separation apparatus 1 can be suppressed. Accordingly, the gas separation apparatus 1 can improve the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide while achieving energy saving.
The drive unit 6 shown in
The drive unit 6 may include a speed reducer and so on in addition to the above-described elements. Some or all of the elements constituting the drive unit 6 may be omitted. For example, the motor 61 may be disposed outside the second space S2.
Next, a gas separation apparatus according to a second embodiment will be described.
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described, and in the following description, differences from the first embodiment will mainly be described, and description of similar matters will be omitted. Note that, in
The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except for the configuration of the rotary fan 4.
The rotary fan 4 shown in
The base part 41 shown in
The vane part 42 illustrated in
The first gas chamber 2 shown in
Openings are provided to each of a surface at the r-axis positive side and a surface at the r-axis negative side of the outer wall 26. The second gas separation membranes 52 are disposed so as to close the openings. The second gas separation membranes 52 shown in
The outer wall 26 may be integrated with the first wall part 21 but is preferably attached detachably to the first wall part 21. This facilitates maintenance of the outer wall 26.
The number of the wing pieces 422 provided to the vane part 42 in
In
In such the second embodiment as described above, substantially the same effects as those of the first embodiment can also be obtained.
The arrangement of the mixed gas supply port 22 and the mixed gas discharge port 23 is appropriately changed according to the configuration of the rotary fan 4. For example, in the present embodiment, the rotary fan 4 is configured to generate the gas flow directed from the rotation axis AR to the r-axis positive side but may be configured to generate a gas flow directed in the opposite direction (gas flow directed from the r-axis positive side to the rotation axis AR). In the latter case, the arrangement of the mixed gas supply port 22 and the mixed gas discharge port 23 may be opposite to that of the present embodiment, that is, the mixed gas discharge port 23 may be disposed on the extension line of the rotation axis AR and the mixed gas supply port 22 may be disposed on the radius of the rotation axis AR.
Next, a gas separation apparatus according to a third embodiment will be described.
Hereinafter, the third embodiment will be described, and in the following description, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and description of similar matters will be omitted. Note that, in
The third embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except for the configuration of the rotary fan 4.
The rotary fan 4 shown in
The base part 41 shown in
In the vane part 42 illustrated in
In the first gas chamber 2 shown in
The vane part 42 shown in
In the rotary fan 4 illustrated in
In such the third embodiment described above, substantially the same advantages as those of the first embodiment are also obtained.
Next, a gas separation apparatus according to a fourth embodiment will be described.
Hereinafter, the fourth embodiment will be described, and in the following description, differences from the first embodiment will mainly be described, and descriptions of substantially the same matters will be omitted. In
The fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except for the configuration of the rotary fan 4.
The rotary fan 4 illustrated in
On the other hand, as shown in
In contrast, when the convex structure 7 is provided, as shown in
The shape, the material, the arrangement, and so on of the convex structure 7 are not particularly limited as long as the convex structure 7 is a member that generates such a turbulence as described above. In
As described above, the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments described above includes the first gas chamber 2, the second gas chamber 3, and the rotary fan 4.
The first gas chamber 2 includes the first wall part 21, a mixed gas supply port 22, and a mixed gas discharge port 23. The first wall part 21 defines the first space S1. The mixed gas supply port 22 is provided to the first wall part 21 and supplies the mixed gas G1 into the first space S1. The mixed gas discharge port 23 discharges the mixed gas G1 from the inside of the first space S1 to the outside.
The second gas chamber 3 has the second wall part 31 and a gas component discharge port 33. The second wall part 31 defines the second space S2. The gas component discharge port 33 is provided to the second wall part 31 and discharges the gas (mixed gas G2) containing the carbon dioxide (predetermined gas component) extracted from the mixed gas G1 from the inside of the second space S2 to the outside. That is, the gas component discharge port 33 discharges the gas obtained by allowing the carbon dioxide contained in the mixed gas G1 to permeate preferentially over the other gas components.
The rotary fan 4 includes the base part 41 that is hollowed, the vane parts 42 that are hollowed, and the first gas separation membranes 51. The base part 41 rotates around the rotation axis AR, and the inside thereof communicates with the second space S2. The vane part 42 is disposed in the first space S1, and the inside thereof communicates with the second space S2. The first gas separation membrane 51 separates the inside and the outside of the vane part 42 and allows the gas (mixed gas G2) having the higher carbon dioxide concentration than the mixed gas G1 to permeate therethrough.
According to such a configuration, even when the concentration of the carbon dioxide on the surface decreases due to the action of the first gas separation membrane 51, the first gas separation membrane 51 provided to the vane part 42 moves to the region where the fresh mixed gas G1 exists, and thus it is possible to suppress the decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide on the surface of the first gas separation membrane 51. As a result, the gas separation apparatus 1 capable of suppressing the decrease in the separation efficiency of the carbon dioxide in the first gas separation membrane 51 is obtained.
The gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments includes the drive unit 6 that rotates the rotary fan 4.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to realize the gas separation apparatus 1 in which the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide is improved while realizing energy saving.
In addition, in the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments, the vane part 42 has the plate shape having the surface at the z-axis positive side (first surface) and the surface at the z-axis negative side (second surface). The first gas separation membrane 51 is disposed on each of the surface at the z-axis positive side and the surface at the z-axis negative side.
According to such a configuration, since the plurality of first gas separation membranes 51 are provided to the vane part 42, it is possible to realize the gas separation apparatus 1 in which the gas permeation amount of carbon dioxide is particularly large.
In the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments, the rotary fan 4 includes the plurality of vane parts 42 supported by the base part 41.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to realize the gas separation apparatus 1 in which the gas permeation amount of carbon dioxide is particularly large.
In the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiment, the rotary fan 4 is the axial-flow fan that generates the gas flow along the extending direction of the rotation axis AR (z-axis direction).
According to such a configuration, it is possible to generate a gas flow along the z-axis (a gas flow directed to the z-axis positive side or the z-axis negative side) in the first space S1. As a result, the mixed gas G1 having a low carbon dioxide concentration can be moved to the mixed gas discharge port 23, and the fresh mixed gas G1 having a high carbon dioxide concentration can be drawn into the rotary fan 4. In addition, when the second gas separation membrane 52 is disposed at the leeward in the gas flow, the gas exchange efficiency on the surface of the second gas separation membrane 52 can be increased, and thus the decrease in the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide in the second gas separation membrane 52 can particularly be suppressed.
Further, in the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments, the vane parts 42 are displaced from each other when viewed along the rotation axis AR.
According to such a configuration, the gas flow is less likely to stagnate in the z-axis direction (the extending direction of the rotation axis AR).
In the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments, when the first gas separation membrane 51 is cut along the plane including the rotation axis AR, the angle between the rotation axis AR and the cutting surface of the first gas separation membrane 51 is greater than 0° and less than 90°.
According to such configuration, it is possible to more strongly generate the gas flow toward the z-axis negative side in the first space S1. As a result, the mixed gas G1 having a low carbon dioxide concentration can be moved to the mixed gas discharge port 23, and the fresh mixed gas G1 having a high carbon dioxide concentration can be drawn into the rotary fan 4. In addition, when the second gas separation membrane 52 is disposed at the leeward in the gas flow, the gas exchange efficiency on the surface of the second gas separation membrane 52 can be increased, and thus the decrease in the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide in the second gas separation membrane 52 can particularly be suppressed.
In the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments, the rotary fan 4 is the centrifugal fan that generates the gas flow along the radial direction (r-axis direction) of the rotation axis AR.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to generate the gas flow toward the r-axis positive side in the first space S1. As a result, the mixed gas G1 having a low carbon dioxide concentration can be moved to the mixed gas discharge port 23, and the fresh mixed gas G1 having a high carbon dioxide concentration can be drawn into the rotary fan 4. In addition, when the second gas separation membrane 52 is disposed at the leeward in the gas flow, the gas exchange efficiency on the surface of the second gas separation membrane 52 can be increased, and thus the decrease in the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide in the second gas separation membrane 52 can particularly be suppressed.
The gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments includes the second gas separation membrane 52. The second gas separation membrane 52 is provided at the leeward in the gas flow generated by the rotary fan 4, separates the first space S1 and the second space S2, and allows the gas (mixed gas G2) containing the carbon dioxide (predetermined gas component) extracted from the mixed gas G1 to permeate therethrough.
According to such a configuration, the gas exchange efficiency on the surface of the second gas separation membrane 52 is enhanced. Accordingly, even when the concentration of carbon dioxide on the surface of the second gas separation membrane 52 at the first space S1 side decreases, it is possible to particularly suppress the decrease in the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide in the second gas separation membrane 52.
The gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments includes the exhaust pump 9 coupled to the gas component discharge port 33.
According to such a configuration, the second space S2 can be depressurized, and the carbon dioxide (predetermined gas component) contained in the mixed gas G1 can be preferentially separated over the gas component other than carbon dioxide contained in the mixed gas G1.
The gas permeability to carbon dioxide of the first gas separation membrane 51 is preferably 5000 GPU or more and 100000 GPU or less.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to realize the first gas separation membrane 51 capable of reducing the input amount of energy necessary for the separation, specifically, reducing the pressure difference between the first space S1 side and the second space S2 side.
In the gas separation apparatus 1 according to the embodiments, the mixed gas supply port 22 is disposed on the extension line of the rotation axis AR, and the mixed gas discharge port 23 is disposed on the radius of the rotation axis AR.
According to such a configuration, the fresh mixed gas G1 can efficiently be drawn into the first space S1 from the mixed gas supply port 22 with the gas flow generated by the rotary fan 4, and the mixed gas G1 in which the concentration of carbon dioxide is reduced can efficiently be discharged to the outside of the first space S1.
Although the gas separation apparatus according to the present disclosure is described above based on the illustrated embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
For example, the gas separation apparatus according to the present disclosure may be what is obtained by replacing each unit of the embodiment described above with any component having the same function, or what is obtained by adding any constituent to the embodiment described above.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2023-124591 | Jul 2023 | JP | national |