Patent Application
20060242833
This application claims, under 35 USC 119, priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-132780, filed Apr. 28, 2005, disclosure of which, inclusive of the specification, claims and drawings, is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a gear structure and a method for producing same.
2. Description of Prior Art
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. JP-A-2005-7568 discloses a device for finish forging a gear. With this device, a ring-shaped workpiece with roughly formed teeth is placed adjacent to a die having gear-forming teeth on its inner periphery and is displaced downward into the die and pressurized by a punch to finish the rough teeth with the die.
With the above conventional forging device, a ring-shaped gear with a uniform thickness can be formed with high accuracy. However, in the case of a gear as shown in
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a gear structure which has high durability and which can be produced with high productivity.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method which can produce a gear structure with high productivity even when the gear has a complex-shaped inner peripheral portion.
In accomplishing the foregoing objects, there is provided in accordance with the present invention a gear structure comprising an annular gear having an outer peripheral wall having gear teeth formed by forging and a coaxial inner peripheral wall, and an inside member having a circular outer peripheral surface fitted in and integrated with said annular gear such that said circular outer peripheral surface of said inside member engages said inner peripheral wall of said annular gear.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing a gear structure comprising the steps of:
(a) forging an annular workpiece to shape gear teeth on an outer peripheral wall thereof to obtain an annular gear,
(b) fitting an inside member having a circular outer peripheral surface in said annular gear such that said outer peripheral surface of said inside member engages said inner peripheral wall of said annular gear; and
(c) integrating said inside member and annular gear into a unitary body.
The gear structure of the present invention is composed of two separated sections which are integrated into a unitary body. Namely, the gear structure includes an annular gear formed by forging, and an inside member fitted into and integrated with the annular gear. Therefore, even when the inside member has a complex shape, the annular gear can be formed from a workpiece having a simple annular shape with high accuracy by forging. Also, since the teeth of the gear structure are formed by forging, the gear can be produced quickly with high productivity even when the inside member has a complex shape.
In addition, since the annular gear is formed from an annular workpiece having a uniform thickness by forging, the flow of the material and the pressure in the material constituting the workpiece can be stable during the forging. Therefore, the annular gear has high accuracy and high precision.
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention which follows, when considered in light of the accompanying drawings, in which:
Referring now to
The annular gear 2 shown in
The inside member 5 has a main body 6 formed preferably by forging and an additional circular outer peripheral wall 7a provided with clutch teeth 7. The clutch teeth 7 are formed with a gear shaping machine. The circular peripheral wall 8 of the inside member 5 may be finished (cut) with a lathe. The inside member 5 has a shaft bore 9 also finished (cut) with a lathe and coaxial with the circular peripheral walls 8 and 7a.
The annular gear 2 is produced from an annular (ring-shaped) workpiece 2′ by forging. The forging may be cold forging or warm forging. Cold forging is preferred. When the workpiece 2′ does not have previously roughly shaped teeth, the forging operation may be suitably repeated twice or more times. On the other hand, when the workpiece 2′ has previously roughly shaped teeth, the forging operation generally gives the annular gear 2 having finished gear teeth.
The forging device 10 has as main components a die unit 11 mounted on a base (not shown), a punch unit 20 located above the die unit 11 and moveable up and down by a ram (not shown), and a pressure transmitting device 30.
The die unit 11 has a die 12 for shaping the workpiece 2′. The die 12 has a reversed trapezoidal cone shape. Thus, the die 12 has an inside periphery provided with gear forming teeth 12a and an outside periphery tapered downward so that the diameter thereof gradually decreases downward. The die 12 is fitted in a die holder 13.
The die holder 13 is press-fitted in a vertical intermediate portion of a cylindrical clamp 14. A stop ring (reference number is not given) and a receiving ring 15 are fitted above and below, respectively, the die holder 13 in the clamp 14. The clamp 14 has a tapered upper inner periphery the diameter of which gradually increases upward to form a female guide 14a. The clamp 14 and the receiving ring 15 are supported on the base via a holder 16. A core rod 17 vertically extends coaxially along the center axis CA of the holder 16. A cylindrical counter punch, that is, a second punch 18, is vertically slidably provided around the core rod 17 and guided thereby. The core rod 17 has an extended portion protruding from the die 12 into which the workpiece 2′ is inserted. An upper part of the second punch 18 extends into the receiving ring 15 so that it can receive the workpiece 2′ fitted in the die 12.
The punch unit 20, which is driven up and down by operation of the ram, is located above the die unit 11. The punch unit 20 has a cylindrical first punch 21 for pressing down the workpiece 2′, a die punch 22 surrounding the first punch 21 for pressing down the die 12, and a die punch holder 23 for holding the die punch 22. The die punch holder 23 has a fixing plate 24 to which a holder 21a for supporting the first punch 21 is integrally secured. Disposed below the fixing plate 24 is a holding plate 25 to which the die punch 22 is fixed at its center and from which the die punch protrudes downward. The holding plate 25 is fixed to the fixing plate 24 by support pins 26 protruding from an intermediate peripheral portion of the fixing plate 24 and pressing bodies (pressing pins) 27 connected to the lower ends of the support pins 26. The pressing pins 27 constitute a part of the pressure transmitting device 30.
A tapered male guide 22a, which can be press-fitted into the female guide 14a of the clamp 14 described before, is formed at a lower end portion of the die punch 22. The mating parts of the female guide 14a and the male guide 22a have a taper angle which is generally the same as that of the die 12 and the die holder 13. The press-fitted rate of the male guide 22a into the female guide 14a is 1% or lower, preferably about 0.4%. The taper angle and the press-fitted rate are determined depending on the size and material of the workpiece 2′. Further, the timing at which the male guide 22a is press-inserted into the female guide 14a is before the first punch 21 is pressurized to the workpiece 2′.
The pressure transmitting device 30 is provided between the fixing plate 24 and the holder 16. The pin-shaped pressing bodies 27 are arranged parallel to the first punch 21 with their upper ends integrally connected to the fixing plate 24 via the support pins 26. The pressure transmitting device 30 preferably includes a pair of pushing bodies 32, a pair of pressure receiving bodies 33 and a pair of transmitting bodies 34 fitted in the holder 16 on the base. The respective pairs of the bodies 32, 33, 34 are angularly spaced apart 180 degrees from each other. Each pushing body 32 is disposed right below the second punch 18 for vertical movement. Each pressure receiving body 33 is disposed below the corresponding pressing body 27 for vertical movement. Each transmitting body 34 is preferably a rectangular parallelepiped solid body and is disposed for horizontal movement. Each transmitting body 34 has one end formed into a 45-degree angle cam 35a for engagement with a tapered lower end of the corresponding pressing body 32 and the other end formed into a 45-degree angle cam 35b for engagement with a tapered lower end of the corresponding pressure receiving body 33. The timing at which the first punch 21 has completed the positioning of the workpiece 2′ in the die 12 is rendered nearly the same as the timing at which the pressing bodies 27 are brought into contact with an upper surface of the pressure receiving bodies 33.
The above-described forging device operates as follows. First, the forging device 10 is in the state shown in the left half part of
On the other hand, when the holder 23 moves downward, it also pressurizes the holding plate 25 so that the die punch 22 is displaced downward toward the workpiece 2′. As discussed above, the time at which the holding plate 25 starts press-fitting the die punch 22 into the clamp assembly 14 is earlier than the time at which the first and second punches 21,18 start pressurizing the workpiece 2′ from its top and bottom ends. The die 12 thus already locks the workpiece 2′ before the first and second punches 21, 18 compress the workpiece 2′.
When the first and second punches 21, 18 pressurize the workpiece 2′ from both the ends thereof in its axial direction generally simultaneously under the condition that the die 12 locks the work 2′, the work 2′ is plastically deformed. That is, the top and bottom portions of the workpiece 2′ flow toward the center thereof in the axial direction. The workpiece 2′ is firmly pressed to the inner teeth 12a of the die 12 and the configuration of the inner teeth 12a is transferred to the workpiece 2′.
According to the forging device 10 in the embodiment, the equal pressurization force can be given to the top and bottom ends of the workpiece 2′ generally simultaneously. The configuration of the teeth of the die 12 thus can be accurately transferred to the workpiece 2′.
Because the die punch 22 is press-fitted into the clamp 14 along the tapering inner and outer surfaces 14a, 22a in the above embodiment, the axis of the first punch 21 is kept to be consistent with the center axis CA, and also the first punch 21 and the die 12 can be kept coaxially. In other words, the first punch 21 does not incline relative to the center axis CA and to the die 12. The workpiece 2′, which may be originally a cylindrical material, thus can be shaped into a gear having a high concentricity.
Also, by previously giving a compressive strain to the die punch 22 against an internal pressure generated in the die punch 22 under the forging process, the breakage of the die punch 22 caused by the internal pressure can be avoided.
One edge the inner peripheral wall 2a of the annular gear thus produced by the forging device 10 may be machined to form a stepped portion 2b as shown in
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all the changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2005-132780 | Apr 2005 | JP | national |
