The present invention relates to a gear mechanism for an injection device, the gear mechanism comprising a lever mechanism for obtaining a gearing. In particular the present invention relates to a gear mechanism comprising a plurality of pivotally connected members.
Syringe devices comprising a gear mechanism are known in the art and examples may be seen in WO 01/95959 and WO 03/080160. WO 01/95959 discloses an injection device for injection of set doses of medicine from a cartridge. The syringe device comprises a gearbox which provides a gearing between an axial movement of an injection button and a nut engaging a piston rod relative to a housing. A gear wheel transmission is established between the nut and the injection button.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a gearing mechanism which is more simple than prior art gear mechanisms. A further object of the invention is to provide a gear mechanism which enables a wider range of obtainable gear ratios as compared to prior art gear mechanisms.
In a first aspect of the invention, the invention relates to an injection device for accommodation of a reservoir comprising a piston movable within the reservoir and a medicament to be injected, the injection device comprising:
In one embodiment, the gearing mechanism may be so arranged that at least two of the base member, the plunger and the driving member are pivotally connected to the gear mechanism.
In another embodiment, the gearing mechanism may be so arranged that both the base member, the plunger and the driving member are pivotally connected to the gear mechanism.
The injection device may be provided as a pen-injector for manually administering set doses of a medicament, where the piston of a reservoir accommodated in the device is axially moveable upon axially movement of the driving member. The driving member is axially movable in the distal direction responsive to a distally directed push-force exerted by the hand of a user. The push-force may be applied directly on the driving member or via one or more intermediate members.
The medicament containing reservoir may form an integral part of the injection device such that an emptied reservoir cannot be replaced, whereby a user will dispose off the injection device when the reservoir has been emptied. Alternatively, the device may allow replacement of a used reservoir by a new reservoir or allow the user to change between reservoirs containing different kinds of medication and/or the same type of medication at different concentrations.
The plunger and the piston of the reservoir may be interconnected by a piston rod, which may be locked for movement in the proximal direction such that when the plunger is moved in the proximal direction during dose setting, the piston rod remains in essentially the same position relative to the plunger. Moreover, the plunger may be adapted to move the piston rod in the distal direction during dose ejection, whereby a medicament contained in the reservoir is expelled.
Alternatively, the piston rod is adapted to retract a fixed distance in a proximal direction during an initial phase of a dose setting procedure, and adapted to move in a distal direction as a dose is being set.
The gear mechanism provides a gearing between the driving member and the plunger such that when the driving member is moved at a first speed relative to the base member, the plunger is moved at a second speed relative to the base member. Accordingly it will be appreciated, that when the driving member is moved a first distance, the plunger is moved a second distance.
In another embodiment the second speed is lower than the first speed, whereby the second distance is shorter than the first distance. This provides the advantage that the gear mechanism converts a relatively low force applied to the driving member to a relatively high force applied to the plunger.
In a further embodiment, the second speed is higher than the first speed, whereby the second distance is longer than the first distance.
The gear mechanism may comprise a first, second and third connecting member each of which is exclusively connected to one of the base member, the plunger and the driving member. In the context of the present invention the term “exclusively connected” shall be understood such that each of the first, second and third connecting member is directly connected to only one of the base member, the plunger and the driving member, but may be indirectly connected i.e. via one or more elements, to the another of the three elements. As an example, the first connecting member may be directly connected to the base member and indirectly connected to the driving member via the second connecting member.
The connecting members of the gear mechanism each operate in a corresponding plane, e.g. the first connecting member is adapted to rotate in a first plane perpendicular to a rotational axis of said first connecting member.
In one embodiment the three planes are spaced apart and do not coincide. This provides a gear mechanism wherein none of the connecting members limits the rotational movement of another connecting member. In another embodiment, two of said three planes coincide, whereby a compact configuration may be provided. However, as two of the connecting members operate in the same plane, each of said two connecting members is limited in its rotational movement by the other of the two connecting members.
In one embodiment the first connecting member is pivotally and directly connected to the base member, the second connecting member is pivotally and directly connected to the driving member, and the third connecting member is pivotally and directly connected to the plunger. Furthermore, at least one of the second and third connecting members is pivotally connected to the first connecting member.
As an example the first connecting member may be pivotally connected to the base member by means of a first pivotal connection, the second member may be pivotally connected to the first member by means of a second pivotal connection, and the third member may be pivotally connected to the first member by means of a third pivotal connection. As the each of the second and third connecting members may also be connected to one of plunger and the driving member, movement of the base member, the plunger and the driving member are interdependent.
In one embodiment the distance from the third pivotal connection to each of the first and the second pivotal connections is shorter than the distance between the first and the second pivotal connections.
By providing the first, the second and third pivotal connections on the first connecting member, said member serves as a moment arm. Thus, if the first connecting member is allowed to rotate about the first pivotal connection, a force applied to the second pivotal connection results in an even larger force acting on the third pivotal connection. Hence, if the distance between the third pivotal connection and each of the first and second pivotal connections is identical, a force of 1 Newton applied to the second pivotal connection results in a force of 2 Newton applied to the third pivotal connection.
From the above it will be appreciated, that the position of the third pivotal connection is decisive for the gearing of the injection device. Hence, in one embodiment the third pivotal connection is provided closer to the first pivotal connection than to the second pivotal connection, and in another embodiment the third pivotal connection is provided closer to the second pivotal connection than to the first pivotal connection.
It will be appreciated, that the relationship between the distance from the first pivotal connection and each of the second and third pivotal connections, corresponds to the gearing of the device. Hence, if the distance from the first pivotal connection to the second pivotal connection is three times the distance from the first pivotal connection to the third pivotal connection, a force of 1 Newton applied to the second pivotal connection results in a force of 3 Newton acting on the third pivotal connection.
In one embodiment the first, second and third connecting members have identical lengths. Alternatively, at least one of the second and the third connecting member may be at least 20 percent longer than the first connecting member, such as 50 percent longer, such as 100 percent, such as 150 percent. It will be appreciated, that the longer the second and third connecting member are relative to the first connecting member, the more linear the gear mechanism is.
In some embodiments the second and third connecting members have identical lengths. However it will be appreciated, that the non-linear properties of the gear mechanism may in some embodiments be reduced by providing the second and third connecting members at different lengths. As an example the difference in the length of the second and the third connecting member may be at least 20 percent, such as at least 50 percent, such as at least 100 percent, such as at least 150 percent.
In one special embodiment the gear mechanism comprises a first connecting member pivotally connected to at least two of the base member, the plunger and the driving member such as to each of the of said three elements. This provides a simplified solution comprising only one connecting member. The first connecting member may be arranged to interconnect both the base member, the plunger and the driving member, the latter three members each being pivotally connected to the first connecting member at respective specific locations along the extension of the first connecting member.
Moreover, at least one of the pivotal connections may be adapted to move along the first connecting member, e.g. by providing a groove in the first connecting member in which the pivotal connection is allowed to move. Thus, rotation of the first connecting member about one of the three pivotal connections does not force the slidable pivotal connection to follow an arc-shaped path. Thereby a mechanism is provided wherein each of the base member, the plunger and the driving member is moveable along respective rectilinear paths, the paths being mutually parallel. When the rotatable part of the base member, the plunger and the driving member are forced to rotate around the longitudinal axis of the device, their mutual spacing in directions normal to the longitudinal axis remains fixed.
Furthermore, the base member may comprise a fixed part and a rotatable part, the fixed part being rotationally and translationally retained in relation to a housing of the device, the rotatable part being adapted to rotate relative to the base member about a longitudinal axis of the base member, the rotatable part furthermore being translationally retained in relation to the fixed part.
In a still further embodiment, the driving member is rotatably mounted with respect to the fixed part of the base member, and hence, rotatably mounted relative to a housing of the device. The driving member may be adapted to be lifted in the proximal direction of the device as a function of its rotation, such as provided by a threaded coupling. In such an embodiment, the driving member is moved axially in the proximal direction in accordance with the size of the dose being set by rotating the driving member with respect to the housing.
Moreover, a clutch may be provided between the driving member and the fixed part, said clutch may be adapted to be changed between:
In a still further embodiment, the driving member, and optionally, the plunger, is/are adapted to also rotate during their translational movement during injection.
The dosing assembly comprises a base member 102, a plunger 104 and a driving member 106. The plunger 104 and the driving member 106 are movable in an axial direction relative to the base member 102. Moreover, the distance between the base member 102, the plunger 104 and the driving member 106, remains essentially constant during dose setting and ejection of a dose. The base member comprises a fixed part 101 and a rotatable part 103.
The plunger 104 and the driving member 106 are pivotally connected to the base member 102 via a gear mechanism 108. The gear mechanism 108 comprises a first connecting member 110, which in a first end is pivotally connected to the base member 102 by means of a first pivotal connection 112 and in a second end is pivotally connected to a second connecting member 114 via a second pivotal connection 116. Moreover, the first connecting member 110 is pivotally connected to a third connecting member 118 via a third pivotal connection 120. Furthermore, the second connecting member 114 is pivotally connected to the driving member 106 via a fourth pivotal connection 122, and the third connecting member 118, is pivotally connected to the plunger 104 via a fifth pivotal connection 124.
The fixed part 101 is retained rotationally and translationally in relation to a housing of the device. Furthermore, the rotatable part 103 is adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis, while being retained translationally in relation to the fixed part 101. Moreover, a clutch 105 of the driving member is adapted to be changed between a coupled position wherein it engages a threaded outer surface 107 of the fixed part 101, and a decoupled position wherein it does not engage the threaded outer surface 107. When the clutch is in its decoupled position the driving member 106 is allowed to move in the distal direction 130 without rotating, as the clutch is disengaged from the threaded outer surface 107.
In order to set a dose, the driving member 106 is rotated about the longitudinal axis of the device. The rotational movement causes the driving member 106 to be moved in the proximal direction due to the engagement between the clutch 105 and the threaded outer surface 107.
As the second connecting member 114 is pivotally connected to the driving member 106, the proximal movement of the driving member 106 causes the first connecting member 110 to rotate about the first pivotal connection 112, as indicated by arrow 128. Due to the rotation, the third connecting member 118 is also forced in the proximal direction 126. As the third pivotal connection 120 is located closer to the first pivotal connection 112 than the second pivotal connection 116, the plunger 104 is moved at a slower speed relative to the base member 102 than the driving member 106. It will be appreciated that the closer the third pivotal connection 120 is to the first pivotal connection 112, the slower the speed of the plunger 104 is relative to the speed of the driving member 106.
In one embodiment the plunger 104 comprises a threaded inner surface (not shown) which is adapted to engage a threaded outer surface of the piston rod (not shown). Moreover, rotational and translational movement of the driving member 106 during dose setting causes rotational and translational movement of the plunger 104. However as described in the aforementioned, the plunger 104 is moved at a slower translational speed, and, thus, in order to maintain the piston rod in substantially the same position during dose setting, the pitch of the thread of the piston rod must be decreased correspondingly relative to the pitch of the threaded outer surface 107.
Alternatively, the plunger 104 is arranged to cooperate with a pawl and ratchet mechanism (not shown) which provides for telescopically engagement between the plunger 104 and the piston.
In an embodiment, a dose setting drum (not shown) is operationally coupled to the driving member 106 for rotating the driving member 106 during dose setting. Additionally, an injection button (not shown) axially extending from the proximal end of the injection device is operationally coupled to the driving member 106 for axially moving the driving member 106 upon manually pushing of the injection button in the distal direction. Said dose setting drum and injection button may be provided as mutually separate members or alternatively, these elements form one unitary member.
It will be appreciated that by using the driving member 106 to eject the medicament, the first connecting member 110 serves as a moment arm whereby a relatively small force need be applied to cause the plunger to move in the distal direction 130. Again it will be appreciated, that the closer the third pivotal connection 120 is to the first pivotal connection 112, the smaller a force need be applied to the driving member 106 in order to move the plunger 104. Moreover it will be appreciated, that due to the different speeds, the plunge 104 is moved a shorter distance relative to the base member than the driving member 106, for any angular movement of the first connecting member 110 about the first pivotal connection.
Additionally, it will be appreciated that the gearing between the plunger 104 and the driving member 106 is determined by the length of the first connecting member 110 and the relative position of the first, second, and third pivotal connection 112,116,120 on said first connecting member 110.
The gear mechanism 108 comprises a first connecting member 110, which is pivotally connected to the base member 102, the plunger 104 and the driving member 106, via a first pivotal connection 112, a fifth pivotal connection 124, and a fourth pivotal connection 122, respectively.
In
In one embodiment the mutual distance between the base member 102, the plunger 104 and the driving member 106, in directions normal to the longitudinal axis, remains essentially constant during dose setting and ejection of a dose. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that when the driving member 106 is moved in the proximal direction 126, the fourth pivotal connection 122 is moved in the direction of the first position 136, until the first connecting member 110 is at right angle to the plunger 104. Upon further proximal movement of the driving member 106, the fourth pivotal connection 122 is moved away from the first position 136 and towards the second position 138. In order to reduce the friction between the pivotal connections 112,122 and the inner surfaces of the grooves 132,134, said inner surfaces may have a smooth surface with a low coefficient of friction. Alternatively, or as a supplement, bearings may be provided on the pivotal connections 112,122. In yet another alternative, the pivotal connections and the grooves are lubricated so as to reduce the friction between the engaging surfaces.
In
It will be appreciated, that most of the description of the gear mechanism of
While the dosing assembly according to the above embodiments have been described with reference to the general dosing scheme of WO 01/95959, it should be stressed that the present invention is not limited to this particular dosing scheme. The gearing arrangement according to the present invention is further adoptable in pen-injectors having various kinds of dosing schemes, such as the ones described in WO9938554, WO2006114395, WO2006114396, US20040215152, U.S. Pat. No. 5,584,815 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,883,472, however, this list being non-exhaustive.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
2006 00690 | May 2006 | DK | national |
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/300,540 (Issue Fee Pending) filed Feb. 26, 2009, which is a 35 U.S.C. §371 national stage application of International Patent Application PCT/EP2007/054796 (published as WO 2007/132019), filed May 16, 2007, which claimed priority of Danish Patent Application PA 2006 00690, filed May 16, 2006; this application further claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of U.S. Provisional Application 60/813,895, filed Jun. 15, 2006; the contents of all above-named applications are incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
854399 | Bridge | May 1907 | A |
2392196 | Smith | Jan 1946 | A |
2956563 | Sarnoff | Oct 1960 | A |
3110310 | Cislak | Nov 1963 | A |
3115135 | Sarnoff | Dec 1963 | A |
3144178 | Sarnoff et al. | Aug 1964 | A |
3556099 | Knight et al. | Jan 1971 | A |
3729003 | Hurschman | Apr 1973 | A |
3880162 | Simmons | Apr 1975 | A |
3944843 | Vaz Martins | Mar 1976 | A |
4026288 | Costa et al. | May 1977 | A |
4231368 | Becker | Nov 1980 | A |
4275727 | Keeri-Szanto | Jun 1981 | A |
4277227 | Jenkins | Jul 1981 | A |
4298000 | Thill et al. | Nov 1981 | A |
4300554 | Hessberg et al. | Nov 1981 | A |
4313439 | Babb et al. | Feb 1982 | A |
4314556 | Ma | Feb 1982 | A |
4368731 | Schramm | Jan 1983 | A |
RE31315 | Jenkins et al. | Jul 1983 | E |
4393723 | Brand | Jul 1983 | A |
4413760 | Paton | Nov 1983 | A |
4430079 | Thill et al. | Feb 1984 | A |
4465478 | Sabelman et al. | Aug 1984 | A |
4470317 | Sabloewski et al. | Sep 1984 | A |
4493704 | Beard et al. | Jan 1985 | A |
4498904 | Turner et al. | Feb 1985 | A |
4515584 | Abe et al. | May 1985 | A |
4568335 | Updike et al. | Feb 1986 | A |
4585439 | Michel | Apr 1986 | A |
4634431 | Whitney et al. | Jan 1987 | A |
4676122 | Szabo et al. | Jun 1987 | A |
4749109 | Kamen | Jun 1988 | A |
4812724 | Langer et al. | Mar 1989 | A |
4833379 | Kaibel et al. | May 1989 | A |
4838860 | Groshong et al. | Jun 1989 | A |
4865591 | Sams | Sep 1989 | A |
4871351 | Feingold | Oct 1989 | A |
4883472 | Michel | Nov 1989 | A |
4893291 | Bick et al. | Jan 1990 | A |
4898578 | Rubalcaba, Jr. | Feb 1990 | A |
4919596 | Slate et al. | Apr 1990 | A |
4936833 | Sams | Jun 1990 | A |
4950246 | Muller | Aug 1990 | A |
4973318 | Holm et al. | Nov 1990 | A |
4988337 | Ito | Jan 1991 | A |
4994033 | Shockey et al. | Feb 1991 | A |
5000744 | Hoffman et al. | Mar 1991 | A |
5002537 | Hoffman et al. | Mar 1991 | A |
5064098 | Hutter, III et al. | Nov 1991 | A |
5078698 | Stiehl et al. | Jan 1992 | A |
5104388 | Quackenbush | Apr 1992 | A |
5112317 | Michel | May 1992 | A |
5113869 | Nappholz et al. | May 1992 | A |
5114406 | Gabriel et al. | May 1992 | A |
5135485 | Cohen et al. | Aug 1992 | A |
5163904 | Lampropoulos et al. | Nov 1992 | A |
5176646 | Kuroda | Jan 1993 | A |
5207752 | Sorenson et al. | May 1993 | A |
5221268 | Barton et al. | Jun 1993 | A |
5226342 | Panin | Jul 1993 | A |
5226895 | Harris | Jul 1993 | A |
5226896 | Harris | Jul 1993 | A |
5244461 | Derlien | Sep 1993 | A |
5244465 | Michel | Sep 1993 | A |
5246417 | Haak et al. | Sep 1993 | A |
5257987 | Athayde et al. | Nov 1993 | A |
5271527 | Haber et al. | Dec 1993 | A |
5279585 | Balkwill | Jan 1994 | A |
5279586 | Balkwill | Jan 1994 | A |
5281198 | Haber et al. | Jan 1994 | A |
5284480 | Porter et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5292976 | Dessau et al. | Mar 1994 | A |
5295976 | Harris | Mar 1994 | A |
5304152 | Sams | Apr 1994 | A |
5308340 | Harris | May 1994 | A |
5314412 | Rex | May 1994 | A |
5318540 | Athayde et al. | Jun 1994 | A |
5320609 | Haber et al. | Jun 1994 | A |
5331954 | Rex et al. | Jul 1994 | A |
5368572 | Shirota | Nov 1994 | A |
5370629 | Michel et al. | Dec 1994 | A |
5378233 | Haber et al. | Jan 1995 | A |
5383856 | Bersin | Jan 1995 | A |
5383865 | Michel | Jan 1995 | A |
5408387 | Murase et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
5440976 | Giuliano et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5445606 | Haak et al. | Aug 1995 | A |
5447150 | Bacon | Sep 1995 | A |
5478316 | Bitdinger et al. | Dec 1995 | A |
5492534 | Athayde et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
5496286 | Stiehl et al. | Mar 1996 | A |
5505697 | McKinnon, Jr. et al. | Apr 1996 | A |
5505704 | Pawelka et al. | Apr 1996 | A |
5536249 | Castellano et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
5546932 | Galli | Aug 1996 | A |
5549575 | Giambattista et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5573729 | Belgardt et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5582598 | Chanoch | Dec 1996 | A |
5584815 | Pawelka et al. | Dec 1996 | A |
5591136 | Gabriel | Jan 1997 | A |
5593390 | Castellano et al. | Jan 1997 | A |
5599314 | Neill | Feb 1997 | A |
5611783 | Mikkelsen | Mar 1997 | A |
5611784 | Barresi et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5626566 | Petersen et al. | May 1997 | A |
5628309 | Brown | May 1997 | A |
5637095 | Nason et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5645052 | Kersey | Jul 1997 | A |
5662612 | Niehoff | Sep 1997 | A |
5674204 | Chanoch | Oct 1997 | A |
5679111 | Hjertman et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
5681285 | Ford et al. | Oct 1997 | A |
5685864 | Shanley et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
5688251 | Chanoch | Nov 1997 | A |
5709662 | Olive et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
5716990 | Bagshawe et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
5720733 | Brown | Feb 1998 | A |
5725508 | Chanoch | Mar 1998 | A |
5728074 | Castellano et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5728559 | Nilsson et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5741211 | Renirie et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5743889 | Sams | Apr 1998 | A |
5755692 | Manicom | May 1998 | A |
5782633 | Muhlbauer | Jul 1998 | A |
5807334 | Hodosh et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5807346 | Frezza | Sep 1998 | A |
5814022 | Antanavich et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5820602 | Kovelman et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5823998 | Yamagata | Oct 1998 | A |
5827232 | Chanoch et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5843036 | Olive et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5879360 | Crankshaw | Mar 1999 | A |
5879630 | Lescouzeres et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5882718 | Pommer et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5898028 | Jensen et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
5921966 | Bendek et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5928201 | Poulsen et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5933671 | Stephany et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5938642 | Burroughs et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5947934 | Hansen et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5951530 | Steengaard et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5954689 | Poulsen | Sep 1999 | A |
5954700 | Kovelman | Sep 1999 | A |
5957889 | Poulsen et al. | Sep 1999 | A |
5961496 | Nielsen et al. | Oct 1999 | A |
5971963 | Choi | Oct 1999 | A |
5980491 | Hansen | Nov 1999 | A |
5984900 | Mikkelsen | Nov 1999 | A |
5989221 | Hjertman | Nov 1999 | A |
5998989 | Lohberg | Dec 1999 | A |
6003736 | Ljunggren | Dec 1999 | A |
6004297 | Steenfeldt-Jensen et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6010485 | Buch-Rasmussen et al. | Jan 2000 | A |
6033376 | Rockley | Mar 2000 | A |
6033377 | Rasmussen et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
6036675 | Thorne et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
6048336 | Gabriel | Apr 2000 | A |
6074372 | Hansen | Jun 2000 | A |
6083197 | Umbaugh | Jul 2000 | A |
6086567 | Kirchhofer et al. | Jul 2000 | A |
6096010 | Walters et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6110148 | Brown et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6110149 | Klitgaard et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6129080 | Pitcher et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6146361 | DiBiasi et al. | Nov 2000 | A |
6159161 | Hodosh | Dec 2000 | A |
6161364 | Kolberg | Dec 2000 | A |
6193698 | Kirchhofer et al. | Feb 2001 | B1 |
6221046 | Burroughs et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6221053 | Walters et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6231540 | Smedegaard | May 2001 | B1 |
6235004 | Steenfeldt-Jensen et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6245046 | Sibbitt | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6248090 | Jensen et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6248095 | Giambattista et al. | Jun 2001 | B1 |
6258062 | Thielen et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6268722 | Kogure et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6269340 | Ford et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6277097 | Mikkelsen et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6277098 | Klitmose et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6281225 | Hearst et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6283941 | Schoenfeld et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6287283 | Ljunggreen et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6302869 | Klitgaard | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6312413 | Jensen et al. | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6340357 | Poulsen et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
6364860 | Steck et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6379339 | Klitgaard et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6383167 | Kirchhofer et al. | May 2002 | B2 |
6391005 | Lum et al. | May 2002 | B1 |
6419661 | Kuhr et al. | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6514230 | Munk et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6537251 | Klitmose | Mar 2003 | B2 |
6537252 | Hansen | Mar 2003 | B1 |
6547755 | Himbert et al. | Apr 2003 | B1 |
6547763 | Steenfeldt-Jensen et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6547764 | Larsen et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6562011 | Buch-Rasmussen et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6569126 | Poulsen et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6582404 | Klitgaard et al. | Jun 2003 | B1 |
6585698 | Packman et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6599272 | Hjertman et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6605067 | Larsen | Aug 2003 | B1 |
6613019 | Munk | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6663602 | Moller | Dec 2003 | B2 |
6666849 | Marshall et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6673033 | Sciulli et al. | Jan 2004 | B1 |
6692472 | Hansen et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
6699224 | Kirchhofer et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
6716198 | Larsen | Apr 2004 | B2 |
6726661 | Munk et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
6752798 | McWethy et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6770288 | Duirs | Aug 2004 | B2 |
6796970 | Klitmose et al. | Sep 2004 | B1 |
6852404 | Kuwajima et al. | Feb 2005 | B2 |
6887238 | Jahns et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6893415 | Madsen et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6899698 | Sams | May 2005 | B2 |
6899699 | Enggaard | May 2005 | B2 |
6945961 | Miller et al. | Sep 2005 | B2 |
7008399 | Larsen et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
7080936 | Simpson | Jul 2006 | B1 |
7090662 | Wimpenny et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7094221 | Veasey et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7104972 | Moller et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7133329 | Skyggebjerg et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
7175055 | Hansen et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
7195609 | Huegli | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7195616 | Diller et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7241278 | Moller | Jul 2007 | B2 |
7500966 | Hommann | Mar 2009 | B2 |
7678084 | Judson et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
7704238 | Diller et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
20010016571 | Ohkubo et al. | Aug 2001 | A1 |
20010034506 | Hirschman et al. | Oct 2001 | A1 |
20010053893 | Larsen | Dec 2001 | A1 |
20020002326 | Causey et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020007154 | Hansen et al. | Jan 2002 | A1 |
20020020654 | Eilersen | Feb 2002 | A1 |
20020049415 | Fukuda | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020052578 | Moller | May 2002 | A1 |
20020077852 | Ford et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020107486 | Munk | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020120235 | Enggaard | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020165500 | Bechtold et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
20020173752 | Polzin | Nov 2002 | A1 |
20020188250 | Landau et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20030009133 | Ramey | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030039679 | Duirs | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030073954 | Moberg et al. | Apr 2003 | A1 |
20030114800 | Veasey et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030172924 | Staniforth et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030176871 | Pavlov et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
20030216663 | Jersey-Willuhn et al. | Nov 2003 | A1 |
20030233075 | Huegli | Dec 2003 | A1 |
20040010204 | Weber et al. | Jan 2004 | A1 |
20040024361 | Fago et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
20040051368 | Caputo et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040059299 | Moller | Mar 2004 | A1 |
20040064109 | Klint et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040097879 | Woolston | May 2004 | A1 |
20040108339 | Hansen et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
20040158304 | Cory et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040171983 | Sparks et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040186431 | Graf et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040207385 | Gafner et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040210199 | Atterbury et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040230157 | Perry et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
20040236282 | Braithwaite | Nov 2004 | A1 |
20040249348 | Wimpenny et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20040260247 | Veasey et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20040267207 | Veasey et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20040267208 | Veasey et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20050004529 | Veasey et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
20050019400 | Deveney et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
20050033244 | Veasey et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
20050055011 | Enggaard | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050177115 | Broennimann et al. | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050197625 | Haueter et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050205083 | Staniforth et al. | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050268915 | Wassenaar et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20060118612 | Christoffersen et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060258988 | Keitel et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060264838 | Volckmann et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20070093761 | Veasey et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070244445 | Moller | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20080065026 | Moller | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080221530 | Glejbol et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080281275 | Moller | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20090043264 | Glejbol et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090062748 | Moller et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2003232576 | Jan 2004 | AU |
2359375 | Jul 2000 | CA |
3048135 | Jul 1982 | DE |
3236374 | Apr 1984 | DE |
3609555 | Sep 1987 | DE |
3638984 | May 1988 | DE |
3923079 | Jan 1991 | DE |
4223958 | Jan 1993 | DE |
4419235 | Dec 1995 | DE |
19503230 | Aug 1996 | DE |
29513214 | Jan 1997 | DE |
19723647 | Dec 1998 | DE |
19838760 | Apr 2000 | DE |
29907880 | Sep 2000 | DE |
10103287 | Aug 2001 | DE |
10201875 | May 2003 | DE |
10229122 | Feb 2004 | DE |
20317377 | Apr 2005 | DE |
102004046003 | Mar 2006 | DE |
200100240 | Nov 2001 | DK |
200500116 | Jun 2005 | DK |
15617 | Sep 1980 | EP |
017318 | Oct 1980 | EP |
0064858 | Nov 1982 | EP |
295075 | Dec 1988 | EP |
327810 | Aug 1989 | EP |
327910 | Aug 1989 | EP |
338806 | Oct 1989 | EP |
0362484 | Apr 1990 | EP |
387854 | Sep 1990 | EP |
422482 | Apr 1991 | EP |
454331 | Oct 1991 | EP |
498737 | Aug 1992 | EP |
879610 | Aug 1992 | EP |
608343 | Apr 1993 | EP |
554995 | Aug 1993 | EP |
554996 | Aug 1993 | EP |
594349 | Apr 1994 | EP |
615762 | Sep 1994 | EP |
513128 | Jul 1995 | EP |
0673482 | Sep 1995 | EP |
679440 | Nov 1995 | EP |
702970 | Mar 1996 | EP |
897728 | Feb 1999 | EP |
0937471 | Aug 1999 | EP |
0937472 | Aug 1999 | EP |
937476 | Aug 1999 | EP |
1003581 | Aug 1999 | EP |
1351732 | Jan 2001 | EP |
1074273 | Feb 2001 | EP |
1095668 | May 2001 | EP |
1000631 | Jul 2002 | EP |
0747391 | Mar 2004 | EP |
1462134 | Sep 2004 | EP |
1541185 | Jun 2005 | EP |
1557163 | Jul 2005 | EP |
1557189 | Jul 2005 | EP |
1568389 | Aug 2005 | EP |
1304129 | Nov 2005 | EP |
1610848 | Jan 2006 | EP |
1645301 | Apr 2006 | EP |
1723977 | Nov 2006 | EP |
1923083 | Nov 2006 | EP |
1728529 | Dec 2006 | EP |
1782853 | May 2007 | EP |
1819382 | Aug 2007 | EP |
2000161 | Dec 2008 | EP |
2583291 | Dec 1986 | FR |
2622457 | May 1989 | FR |
2697434 | May 1994 | FR |
2740345 | Apr 1997 | FR |
2767479 | Feb 1999 | FR |
2857654 | Jan 2005 | FR |
664044 | Jan 1952 | GB |
2091107 | Jul 1982 | GB |
2229497 | Sep 1990 | GB |
2153445 | Aug 1995 | GB |
2309644 | Aug 1997 | GB |
0007071.4 | Mar 2000 | GB |
165367 | Mar 1986 | IN |
56-163486 | Dec 1981 | JP |
57-000033 | Jan 1982 | JP |
64-035671 | Mar 1989 | JP |
01-100495 | Apr 1989 | JP |
02-126184 | May 1990 | JP |
02-182267 | Jul 1990 | JP |
4-224764 | Aug 1992 | JP |
4-507059 | Dec 1992 | JP |
05-337179 | Dec 1993 | JP |
06-055644 | Jan 1994 | JP |
06-034825 | Oct 1994 | JP |
06-296691 | Oct 1994 | JP |
H07-500039 | Jan 1995 | JP |
7-502678 | Mar 1995 | JP |
09166474 | Jun 1997 | JP |
3017167 | Nov 1999 | JP |
2000237308 | Sep 2000 | JP |
2003284777 | Oct 2003 | JP |
2004-503303 | Feb 2004 | JP |
2004-516895 | Jun 2004 | JP |
2006250582 | Sep 2006 | JP |
2007-509662 | Apr 2007 | JP |
2111019 | May 1997 | RU |
2091087 | Sep 1997 | RU |
2212254 | Sep 2003 | RU |
8502256 | May 1985 | WO |
8702895 | May 1987 | WO |
8907463 | Aug 1989 | WO |
9009202 | Aug 1990 | WO |
9110460 | Jul 1991 | WO |
9110677 | Jul 1991 | WO |
9114467 | Oct 1991 | WO |
9301573 | Jan 1993 | WO |
9303780 | Mar 1993 | WO |
9307922 | Apr 1993 | WO |
9412228 | Jun 1994 | WO |
9426331 | Nov 1994 | WO |
9524233 | Sep 1995 | WO |
9607443 | Mar 1996 | WO |
9626754 | Sep 1996 | WO |
9632973 | Oct 1996 | WO |
9638190 | Dec 1996 | WO |
9707841 | Mar 1997 | WO |
9710865 | Mar 1997 | WO |
9730742 | Aug 1997 | WO |
9734919 | Sep 1997 | WO |
9736626 | Oct 1997 | WO |
9810813 | Mar 1998 | WO |
9856436 | Dec 1998 | WO |
9857688 | Dec 1998 | WO |
9907425 | Feb 1999 | WO |
9915214 | Apr 1999 | WO |
9916487 | Apr 1999 | WO |
9921598 | May 1999 | WO |
9938554 | Aug 1999 | WO |
9948546 | Sep 1999 | WO |
9965548 | Dec 1999 | WO |
0037129 | Jun 2000 | WO |
0051668 | Sep 2000 | WO |
0119434 | Mar 2001 | WO |
0126710 | Apr 2001 | WO |
0130425 | May 2001 | WO |
0172361 | Oct 2001 | WO |
0195959 | Dec 2001 | WO |
0205876 | Jan 2002 | WO |
0224257 | Mar 2002 | WO |
02053214 | Jul 2002 | WO |
02064196 | Aug 2002 | WO |
02076535 | Oct 2002 | WO |
02076537 | Oct 2002 | WO |
02092153 | Nov 2002 | WO |
02076536 | Dec 2002 | WO |
03057283 | Jul 2003 | WO |
03063680 | Aug 2003 | WO |
9733638 | Sep 2003 | WO |
03080160 | Oct 2003 | WO |
03099357 | Dec 2003 | WO |
2004002556 | Jan 2004 | WO |
2004004825 | Jan 2004 | WO |
2004007002 | Jan 2004 | WO |
2004024218 | Mar 2004 | WO |
2004035113 | Apr 2004 | WO |
2004069314 | Aug 2004 | WO |
2004078240 | Sep 2004 | WO |
2004078242 | Sep 2004 | WO |
2004078239 | Sep 2004 | WO |
2004078241 | Sep 2004 | WO |
2004080306 | Sep 2004 | WO |
2004084795 | Oct 2004 | WO |
2004095379 | Nov 2004 | WO |
2005018721 | Mar 2005 | WO |
2005037352 | Apr 2005 | WO |
2005046770 | May 2005 | WO |
2005089835 | Sep 2005 | WO |
2005097233 | Oct 2005 | WO |
2005097240 | Oct 2005 | WO |
2006039930 | Apr 2006 | WO |
2006045529 | May 2006 | WO |
2006045425 | May 2006 | WO |
2006045525 | May 2006 | WO |
20061045528 | May 2006 | WO |
2006058883 | Jun 2006 | WO |
2006069454 | Jul 2006 | WO |
2006076921 | Jul 2006 | WO |
2006116997 | Nov 2006 | WO |
2006128794 | Dec 2006 | WO |
2007030957 | Mar 2007 | WO |
2007041843 | Apr 2007 | WO |
2007107559 | Sep 2007 | WO |
2007107558 | Sep 2007 | WO |
2007107561 | Sep 2007 | WO |
2007134954 | Nov 2007 | WO |
2008037801 | Apr 2008 | WO |
2008057223 | May 2008 | WO |
Entry |
---|
Pearsall, Judy (Editor), Concise Oxford English Dictionary, 2002, Part 10. |
Chia Kai Su et al, Process Biochemistry, 2006, vol. 41, Part 2, pp. 257-263. |
Dennison, Clive et al, Protein Expression and Purification, 1997, vol. 11, Part 2, pp. 149-161. |
Fransson et al, Pharmaceutical Research, 1997, vol. 14, Part 5, pp. 606-612. |
Leonil et al, Enzyme and Microbiol Technology, 1994, vol. 16, Part 7, pp. 591-595. |
Paule, B.J.A. et al, Protein Expression and Purification, 2004, vol. 34, Part 2, pp. 311-316. |
Annersten, M. et al., Insulin Pens Dribble From the Tip of the Needle After Injection, Practical Diabetes Int., vol. 17(4), pp. 109-111 (2000). |
Beckmann, Sensors, Memory, Circuits, Polyapply Newsletter, vol. 1(3), (2006). |
Gnanalingham, M.G. et al., Accuracy and Reproducibility of Low Dose Insulin Administration Using Pen-Injectors and Syringes, Downloaded From ADC.BMJ.Com on Jan. 9, 2008. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20120253290 A1 | Oct 2012 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
60813895 | Jun 2006 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 12300540 | US | |
Child | 13528247 | US |