1. Field of the Invention
This invention pertains to safety attachments for vehicles and more particularly to a method using an attachment to block the beams of headlights of oncoming vehicles to prevent dangerous and even blinding glare, mainly in the eyes of older drivers, particularly on two lane roads, and especially when it is raining.
2. Background of the Invention
Driving requires effective coordination of visual, motor and cognitive skills. Visual skills are pushed to their limit at night by decreased illumination and by disabling glare from oncoming headlights. Glare is proportional to headlight brightness so increasing headlight brightness also increases potential glare for oncoming drivers, particularly on two lane roads and especially in the rain. This problem is worse for older drivers because of their increased intraocular light scattering, glare sensitivity and photstress recover time.
Modern vehicle headlights are electrically operated, positioned in pairs, one or two on each side of the front of a vehicle. A headlight system produces a low and a high beam. High beams are used when other vehicles are not present on the oncoming side of the road. Low beams have stricter control of upward light, and direct most of their light downward and either rightward (in right-traffic countries) or leftward (in left-traffic countries) to provide safe forward visibility without excessive glare.
A night driving problem, particularly for older drivers on two lane roads, and especially when it is raining, is that oncoming high beams can be blinding, and even oncoming low beams can cause dangerous glare. That is because, with increasing age, cataracts in the eye's lens scatter the oncoming light.
A cataract is the clouding of the normally transparent lens within the eye. The lens is located directly behind the pupil and normally assists in focusing light for clear vision. As the cataract worsens it prevents light from coming through the pupil and focusing clearly on the retina. Early changes may be very minor, but as the process continues symptoms of blurred vision, light sensitivity, glare and night driving difficulties increase. The nighttime driving difficulties are mainly caused by headlight glare. It takes a typical driver ten seconds to recover from headlight glare and this time increases with age. At 30 miles an hour a car travels an eighth of a mile in 10 seconds.
This nighttime driving problem has intensified with vision-disabling nighttime glare from three types of headlights mounted on the front of motor vehicles: “high intensity discharge” (HID) lights that appear blue, auxiliary lights such as “fog lamps”, and headlights mounted high on various light trucks (sport utility vehicles, pickups and vans).
Finally, nighttime driving difficulties from headlights and glare are exacerbated in the rain and especially heavy rain to the point that an older driver can be blinded.
A general object of the invention is to improve the safety of nighttime drivers.
Another object of the invention is to improve the safety of older drivers, particularly when driving on two lane roads and especially in the rain.
A specific object of the invention is to provide an attachment for a vehicle which can block the headlight beams from oncoming vehicles to prevent dangerous glare in the eyes of a driver, particularly older drivers when on two lane roads, and especially in the rain.
Briefly, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, a method of reducing glare from oncoming vehicle headlights is provided comprising providing an attachment for a vehicle having a front windshield, a driver's side and a passenger side, the attachment comprising a slatted blind having a plurality of horizontally-oriented slats extending between a headrail and a bottom rail, a flexible cord ladder connected between the headrail and bottom rail and supporting the slats, and a rotating means for rotation of the slats from opened to closed. Securing the slatted blind with mounting means connected to the headrail to an upper portion of the inside of the vehicle's front windshield on the driver's side such that the attachment has a width less than 30 percent of the horizontal width of the vehicle's front windshield and the passenger side is uncovered. Driving the vehicle on a surface that can have oncoming traffic. Rotating the rotating means to operate the slats such that they are open and allow a driver to see through the slats when there is no oncoming traffic with lit headlights approaching. Rotating the rotating means while driving to operate the slats such that they are closed and prevent a driver from seeing through the slats when there is at least one oncoming vehicle with lit headlights approaching the driver. And repeating the rotating steps while driving to accommodate varying oncoming traffic.
The slatted blind is designed for a skylight in a home. The invention in a nutshell is to use a slatted blind designed for skylights to reduce glare while driving.
A feature of the invention is that the window blind turning rod is positioned so its outer end is adjacent to the steering wheel so it can be turned with a thumb and one or two adjacent fingers while the remaining fingers grasp the steering wheel for safer driving.
Another feature of the invention is a suction cup attached to the upper left portion of the windshield to retain the window blind's lift cords out of the driver's road view path for safer driving.
Still another feature of the invention is resting the inside lower corner of the window blind on the horizontal surface of the vehicle's dashboard to help maintain the window blind in a substantially vertical position.
A further feature of the invention is that the lower right end of the window blind is detachably attached to the top horizontal surface of the vehicle's dashboard to help maintain the window blind in a substantially vertical position.
A still further feature of the invention is a suction cup-hook mounted at the bottom inside surface of the vehicle's slanted front windshield for connection to the slack wire that passes through the slat openings and the bottom rail opening and extends toward the slanted front windshield to help maintain the window blind in a substantially vertical position. That is contrary to the prior art slanted window house installation where the wire is taut and tightly anchored to the window frame below the bottom rail to maintain the window blind adjacent to and parallel to the slanted window.
Venetian window blinds are used not only for windows of housing structures but also across the full width of rear and rear side vehicle windows to protect the vehicle and its passengers from direct sunlight. The rays of the sun can damage the interiors of most vehicles over time. Window blinds also block the sun from heating the interior of a vehicle. Usually, these window blinds are pulled up for nighttime driving so as not to block vision through the windows.
Another device for blocking sunlight through a front windshield is an accordion-folded retractable sun shade which is adhered to the sloping windshield pillar on the passenger's side of a vehicle and can be drawn over the full length of the windshield during the day, and is fully retracted for driving.
There is also a retractable visor with tinted slats positioned over all of the upper half of a vehicle's front windshield to protect from dangerous sun glare. However, the lower half of the windshield is not blocked so if used at night the visor would not block oncoming headlight glare.
The window blind of the invention, totally opposite to these teachings, when activated to block oncoming headlight glare, only blocks part of the driver's side of a vehicle's front windshield and thus the view of the oncoming traffic lane, so the driver can see all of the vehicle's lane, and is used only at nighttime to block glaring and blinding headlight beams of oncoming vehicles in the oncoming lane, especially on two lane roads and in the rain.
Most importantly, there is no suggestion of this invention in the 110-page publication prepared for The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, Washington, D.C., in December 2001, entitled “Countermeasures for Reducing the Effects of Headlight Glare.” This AAA publication also reports that as many as 50 percent of all headlights on the road may be misaimed, further aggravating the problem of headlight glare.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken together with the accompanying drawings in which:
In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the glare blocking vehicle attachment method invention, window blind 10 (
Window blind 10 (
Each of the cord ladders 20a and 20b (
Flexible steel incline wires 26a and 26b (
The right bottom end of bottom rail 18 (
The right edge of the window blind 10 (
Headrail 16 (
To close window blind 10 with slats 22 in a substantially vertical position as shown in
Thus the window blind 10 can be open when there is no oncoming vehicle headlight glare and closed when there is oncoming vehicle headlight glare, to avoid temporarily blinding the driver.
The window blind 10 (
Headrail 16 (
In night operation the window blind 10 is normally in the open position (
In the vehicle headlight glare blocking attachment as reduced to practice, window blind 10 is a commercial window blind manufactured by Springs Window Fashions of Middleton, Wis. Its construction and operation are well known in the window blind art, though discussed in some detail herein. The commercial window blind has the following specification under the title “Bali Classics 8GA”: “Horiz Tension Wire, WIDTH-9, HEIGHT-14, 7205-White Satin, O-Outside Mount, L-Left Tilt, R-Right Lift, W-Wand Tilt, 6″ Wand, 215-Ladder Spacing 21.5 mm.” The retail cost of the commercial window blind is around $30. There is no need for the mounting brackets provided to mount the window blind in a window. Instead, suction cups are used to mount the window blind on the inside surface of the vehicle's front windshield as disclosed herein. Also, the slope of the front windshield is around 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal while the window blind 10 is substantially vertical, or 90 degrees.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention there are two modifications of this commercial window blind. One is the addition at the lower right surface of the bottom rail 18 of the VELCRO attachment 30 to detachably connect the right end of the bottom rail 18 (
In the vehicle headlight glare blocking attachment method as reduced to practice the slatted window blind is nine inches wide. The width of the vehicle's front windshield varies from 65 inches at its widest to 49 inches at its top. The windshield width along its vertical center in line with the top of the steering wheel is 55 inches. So the percentage of the width of the window blind to the width of the windshield is, respectively, 14 percent (at its widest), 18 percent (at the top) and 16 percent (at the vertical center). Correspondingly, the unblocked portion of the windshield to the right of the window blind is, respectively, 86 percent, 82 percent and 84 percent. The applicable New York State law, New York State Vehicle & Traffic Law Section 375 12-(b)(1) states: “No person shall operate any motor vehicle upon any public highway, road or street, the front windshield of which is composed of, covered by or treated with an), material which has a light transmittance of less than seventy percent unless such materials are limited to the uppermost six inches of the windshield.” To the extent that law is applicable to the vehicle headlight glare blocking attachment method according to the invention, when the window blind is closed, the unblocked portion of the windshield is at least 82 percent, not counting the unblocked portion of the windshield to the left of the window blind. So the invention fully complies with this New York State law and, presumably, the corresponding laws of many other municipalities. For windshields of smaller width than 49 inches, the width of the window blind can be reduced to less than nine inches in order to comply with any applicable law.
Also, the commercial window blind had a height of 14 inches when fully open. In the invention as reduced to practice only about nine inches of slats 22 height is used, the remaining slats 22 at the bottom resting together on the bottom rail 18 (
While the invention has been described for use in countries where the convention is to drive on the right side of a road, in those countries with a convention of driving on the left side of the road, as in England, the window blind 10 is mounted on the right side of the windshield above the right side of the steering wheel and operates in a substantially mirror image to that of right side road driving.
Thus, in accordance with the invention, a glare blocking vehicle attachment method has been provided accomplishing all of the objects, and having the features and advantage specified at the beginning of this specification.
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