Golf club shaft with improved performance characteristics

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6302805
  • Patent Number
    6,302,805
  • Date Filed
    Monday, November 22, 1999
    25 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, October 16, 2001
    23 years ago
Abstract
A club shaft for a golf club and method for making a club shaft for a golf club are provided herein. The club shaft includes a shaft butt section, a shaft tip section and a shaft intermediate section which connects the shaft butt section to the shaft tip section. The shaft intermediate section includes a shaft outer diameter which tapers from the shaft butt section to the shaft tip section. Uniquely, the amount of taper varies along the shaft intermediate section to avoid any abrupt transitions in the club shaft. The resulting club shaft has a continuous, smooth geometry, without stress concentration areas. This improves the strength, fatigue and fracture toughness of the club shaft. Further, the amount of taper can be specifically tailored to obtain a club shaft having the desired moment of inertia, resistance to torsion, mass distribution, flexure, frequency, strength, and stiffness properties.
Description




FIELD OF THE INVENTION




The present invention is directed to club shafts for golf clubs. More specifically, the present invention is directed to a golf club shaft having improved strength, stiffness, durability and torque characteristics.




BACKGROUND




The game of golf is becoming increasingly popular in the United States and internationally. Presently, golfers, both professional and non-professional, are continuously striving to improve their golf game. It is well known that the physical characteristics of the club shaft of a golf club can effect the travel of the golf ball. Club shafts having a high stiffness to weight ratio, low shaft vibration, good strength, good resistance to torsion and good resilience to fatigue are usually preferred by golfers.




Typically, each golf club shaft includes a shaft tip section, a shaft intermediate section and a shaft butt section. The shaft tip section typically has a relatively small outer diameter when compared to the shaft butt section. A head is secured to the shaft tip section, while a grip is secured to the shaft butt section. The shaft intermediate section extends between and tapers from the shaft butt section to the shaft tip section. Usually, the taper is substantially linear or includes a series of sequentially smaller, annular steps.




Unfortunately, existing club shafts are not entirely satisfactory. For example, existing club shafts can be too weak, have poor resistance to torsion and poor resilience to fatigue. One way to improve the strength and resistance to torsion of the club shaft is to increase the wall thickness of the club shaft. However, the resulting thicker walled club shaft is often too heavy and/or has other undesirable performance characteristics.




In light of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a club shaft and method for manufacturing a club shaft having improved strength and resistance to fatigue crack propagation. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a composite club shaft having improved durability, torque characteristics and performance characteristics.




SUMMARY




The present invention is directed to a club shaft for a golf club which satisfies these needs. The club shaft includes a shaft butt section, a shaft tip section, and a shaft intermediate section which connects the shaft butt section to the shaft tip section. The shaft intermediate section has an outer diameter which tapers from the shaft butt section to the shaft tip section.




Uniquely, the rate or amount of taper in the outer diameter of the shaft intermediate section varies along the shaft intermediate section. Stated another way, the slope of the taper varies along the shaft intermediate section. Preferably, the outer diameter of the shaft intermediate section has a slope of approximately zero degrees relative to a shaft longitudinal axis near the shaft butt section and the shaft tip section. This allows the club shaft to have a continuous, smooth geometry and eliminates the abrupt transitions between shaft butt section, the shaft intermediate section, and the shaft tip section. The resulting club shaft has improved strength, durability and torque characteristics, without increasing the wall thickness or fiber modulus of the club shaft.




Each club shaft provided herein can be made by wrapping one or more patterns around a form, i.e. a mandrel or a bladder. Alternately, each club shaft could be made by winding one or more filaments around the form, or molding each club shaft in a closed die.




The invention is also a method for manufacturing a club shaft. The method includes the steps of: (i) providing a form; (ii) providing at least one pattern; and (iii) wrapping the at least one pattern around the form. Each of the forms can be a mandrel having an elongated cylindrical rod-like structure. Each form includes a form butt section, a form tip section, and a form intermediate section. In order to make the club shaft outlined above, the form intermediate section includes an outer diameter which tapers from the form butt section to the form tip section. Importantly, the rate or amount of taper of the outer diameter varies along the form intermediate section.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




The novel features of this invention, as well as the invention itself, both as to its structure and its operation, will be best understood from the accompanying drawings, taken in conjunction with the accompanying description, in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts, and in which:





FIG. 1

is a side plan view of a representative set of golf clubs having features of the present invention;





FIG. 2

is a graph which illustrates the dimensions of a first embodiment of a club shaft having features of the present invention;





FIG. 3

is a graph which illustrates the dimensions of another embodiment of a club shaft having features of the present invention;





FIG. 4

is a graph which illustrates the dimensions of yet another embodiment of a club shaft having features of the present invention;





FIG. 5

is a graph which illustrates the dimensions of a form having features of the present invention;





FIG. 6

is a graph which illustrates the dimensions of another embodiment of a form;





FIG. 7

is a graph which illustrates the dimensions of yet another embodiment of a form;





FIG. 8

is a side plan view of a plurality of patterns having features of the present invention;





FIG. 9

is a side plan view of a portion of a filament; and





FIG. 10

is a side plan view of a die which can be used to make a club shaft having features of the present invention.











DESCRIPTION





FIG. 1

illustrates a plurality of golf clubs


10


in a set


12


of golf clubs


10


. Each golf club


10


includes a head


14


, a grip


16


and a club shaft


18


. Importantly, the club shaft


18


for each golf club is uniquely manufactured and designed to have improved strength characteristics, smoother load distribution, torque characteristics and durability. This allows a golf player (not shown) to have better control over flight, trajectory, distance and shot dispersion.




A typical set


12


of golf clubs


10


includes a set of irons


20


, a set of woods


22


, one or more wedges


21


, and one or more putters


23


. The actual number of golf clubs


10


in a set


12


of golf clubs can vary. For example, typically, a player in a tournament utilizes a set


12


of golf clubs


10


which includes No.


1


through No.


9


irons


10


and a No.


1


, No.


3


, and No.


5


woods


22


. The irons


20


, wedges


21


, woods


22


, and putter


23


shown in

FIG. 1

are for exemplary purposes.





FIGS. 2-4

each illustrate an alternate, cross-sectional view of a club shaft


18


positioned on a graph. It should be recognized that these embodiments provided below are merely exemplary and can be varied. Each club shaft


18


is substantially tubular and includes a shaft butt section


24


, a shaft intermediate section


26


, and a shaft tip section


28


. The grip


16


(illustrated in

FIG. 1

) encircles and attaches to the shaft butt section


24


while the head


14


(illustrated in

FIG. 1

) attaches to the shaft tip section


28


. The club shaft


18


has a shaft outer diameter


30


, a shaft inner diameter


32


, a shaft length


33


and a shaft longitudinal axis


34


.




Depending upon the design of the grip


16


and the head


14


, the shaft butt section


24


and the shaft tip section


28


can have a substantially constant outer diameter as illustrated in

FIGS. 2-4

or a tapering diameter (not shown). The club shafts


18


illustrated herein have a shaft wall thickness


36


which varies along the shaft length


33


of the club shaft


18


.




The shaft intermediate section


26


connects the shaft butt section


24


to the shaft tip section


28


. Importantly, the present invention recognizes that the physical characteristics of each club shaft


18


can be tailored by adjusting the shape of the shaft intermediate section


26


. The club shafts


18


provided herein are superior to prior art club shafts because of the unique shape of the shaft intermediate section


26


. To highlight the unique shape, dashed lines designated


37


P in

FIGS. 2-4

illustrates how the shaft outer diameter


30


would appear if the shaft intermediate section


26


had a substantially linear taper. Similarly, dashed lines


39


P illustrate how the shaft inner diameter


32


would appear if the shaft intermediate section


26


had a substantially linear taper.




It should be noted from

FIGS. 2-4

that the shaft outer diameter


30


and the shaft inner diameter


32


of the shaft intermediate section


26


tapers from the shaft butt section


24


to the shaft tip section


28


. Importantly, the rate or amount of taper of the shaft outer diameter


30


varies along the entire shaft intermediate section


26


. Thus, the slope or pitch of the taper relative to the shaft longitudinal axis


34


varies along the shaft intermediate section


26


. Further, the slope of the taper of the shaft intermediate section


26


relative to the shaft tip section


28


or the shaft butt section


24


, near the shaft tip section


28


and the shaft butt section


24


is approximately zero. This allows the club shaft


18


to have a smooth, continuous shape and eliminates the abrupt transition from (i) the shaft butt section


24


to the shaft intermediate section


26


and (ii) the shaft intermediate section


26


to the shaft tip section


28


. Thus, the transition between the shaft butt section


24


and the shaft intermediate section


26


and the transition between the shaft intermediate section


26


and the shaft tip section


28


is gradual and rounded.




Stated another way, the shaft outer diameter


30


and the shaft inner diameter


32


of the shaft intermediate section


26


includes a superficially segmented, undulating or curved surface profile.

FIGS. 2-4

illustrate three preferred embodiments of the club shaft


18


. In the embodiment illustrated in

FIG. 2

, the cross-sectional profile of the shaft outer diameter


30


relative to dashed lines


37


P is substantially similar to a single, rounded, sine shaped wave. Similarly, in

FIG. 2

, the cross-sectional profile of the shaft inner diameter


32


relative to dashed lines


39


P is also substantially similar to a ingle, rounded sine wave. Alternately, in the embodiment illustrated in

FIG. 3

, the cross-sectional profile of the shaft outer diameter


30


relative to dashed lines


37


P is substantially similar to a pair of sine shaped waves. Similarly, in

FIG. 3

, the cross-sectional profile of the shaft inner diameter


32


relative to dashed lines


39


P is also substantially similar to a pair of sine shaped waves. Alternately, in the embodiment illustrated in

FIG. 4

, the cross-sectional profile of the shaft outer diameter


30


relative to dashed lines


37


P is substantially similar to three sine shaped waves. Somewhat similarly, in

FIG. 4

, the cross-sectional profile of the shaft inner diameter


32


relative to the dashed line


39


P is also substantially similar to three sine shaped waves.




In the embodiments provided herein, the shaft tip section


28


extends from approximately 0 to 4 inches, the shaft intermediate section


26


extends from approximately 4 to 38 inches, while the shaft butt section


24


extends from approximately 38 to 58 inches.




As provided herein, the club shafts


18


can be made by sequentially wrapping a plurality of patterns


38


(shown in

FIG. 8

) onto a form


40


(shown in FIGS.


5


-


7


).

FIGS. 5-7

each illustrate an alternate, cross-sectional view of a form


40


positioned on a graph. Each form


40


illustrated in

FIGS. 5-7

is a mandrel which is substantially solid, rod shaped and has a circular cross-section. The form


40


includes a form butt section


42


, a form intermediate section


44


, and a form tip section


46


. The form intermediate section


44


attaches the form butt section


42


and the form tip section


46


. The form


40


has a form outer diameter


48


, a form length


50


and a form longitudinal axis


52


.




A cross-sectional profile of each of the three forms


40


is provided in

FIGS. 5-7

respectively. Importantly, the form


40


illustrated in

FIG. 5

can be used to make the club shaft


18


illustrated in FIG.


2


. Similarly, the form


40


illustrated in

FIG. 6

can be used to make the club shaft


18


illustrated in FIG.


3


. Further, the form


40


illustrated in

FIG. 7

can be used to make the club shaft


18


illustrated in FIG.


4


.




The form outer diameter


48


is substantially equal to the shaft inner diameter


32


of the club shaft


18


. To manufacture the unique club shafts


18


provided above, the form intermediate section


44


of each form


40


has a unique shape. To highlight the unique shape, dashed lines


54


P in

FIGS. 5-7

illustrate how the form outer diameter


48


would appear if the form intermediate section


44


had a substantial linear taper.




It should be noted from

FIGS. 5-7

, that the form outer diameter


48


of the form intermediate section


44


tapers from the form butt section


42


to the form tip section


46


. Importantly, the rate or amount of taper varies along the entire form intermediate section


44


. Thus, the slope or pitch of the taper relative to the form longitudinal axis


52


varies along the form intermediate section


44


. Further, the slope of the taper of the form intermediate section


44


relative to the form longitudinal axis


52


near the form tip section


46


and the form butt section


42


is approximately zero. This feature facilitates the manufacturing of a club shaft


18


having a smooth, continuous shape and eliminates any abrupt transitions in the club shaft


18


.




Stated another way, the form outer diameter


48


includes a superficially segmented, undulating or curved surface profile.

FIGS. 5-7

illustrate three preferred embodiments of the form


40


. In the embodiment illustrated in

FIG. 5

, the cross-sectional profile of the form outer diameter


48


relative to dashed lines


54


P is substantially similar to a single, rounded sine wave. Alternately, in the embodiment illustrated in

FIG. 6

, the cross-sectional profile of the form outer diameter


48


, relative to dashed lines


54


P is substantially similar to a pair of sine waves. Still alternately, in the embodiment illustrated in

FIG. 7

, the cross-sectional profile of the form outer diameter


48


relative to dashed lines


54


P is substantially similar to three sine waves.




It is important to recognize that the embodiments provided in

FIGS. 5-7

are for exemplary purposes only and can be varied to alter the performance characteristics of the club shaft


18


.




The patterns


38


are sequentially wrapped around the form


40


to form the club shaft


18


. The number, size, shape and thickness of the patterns


38


can vary. Typically, each pattern


38


is a thin sheet of material having a thickness of between approximately 0.003 inches to 0.008 inches. Each pattern


38


is preferably impregnated with a resin to hold the patterns


38


together after heat cure to form the club shaft


18


. Each pattern


38


, for example, can be made of S-Glass, 34-700 high tensile, high strength, graphite, high modulus graphite and/or aramid fiber. The material for the patterns


38


can be purchased from Newport Adhesives and Composites, located in Irvine, Calif. The patterns


38


illustrated in

FIG. 8

are merely representative of suitable patterns


38


. For example, the patterns


38


can also include ±angle plys (not shown), strength plys (not shown), and/or one or more tip inserts or outserts (not shown).




The manufacturing processes provided herein allows the manufacturer to specifically, uniquely tailor the characteristics of the club shafts


18


by adjusting the shape of the form intermediate section


44


. This allows the manufacturer to finely tune the performance and strength characteristics of the club shafts


18


.




Importantly, other manufacturing processes can be used to manufacture a club shaft


18


in accordance with the present invention. In particular the form


40


could be a fluid filled bladder (not shown) instead of a mandrel


41


. Alternately, one or more filaments


56


(illustrated in

FIG. 9

) could be wrapped around the form


40


instead of the patterns


38


. Still alternately, each club shaft


18


could be molded from a metal or other material in a closed die


58


(illustrated in FIG.


10


).




While the particular club shafts


18


, as herein shown and disclosed in detail, are fully capable of obtaining the objects and providing the advantages herein before stated, it is to be understood that it is merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention and that no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown other than as described in the appended claims.



Claims
  • 1. A club shaft for a golf club, the golf club including a grip and a head, the club shaft comprising:a shaft butt section adapted to receive the grip; a shaft tip section adapted to receive the head; and a shaft intermediate section which connects the shaft butt section to the shaft tip section, the shaft intermediate section having a taper of diminishing cross section from the shaft butt section to the shaft tip section, and being formed with an inner surface and an outer surface, the inner surface defining an inner surface profile extending from the shaft tip section to the shaft butt section, wherein the inner surface profile is substantially conforming to a sine wave cycle, and the outer surface defining an outer surface profile extending from the shaft tip section to the shaft butt section, wherein the outer surface profile is substantially conforming to a sine wave cycle.
  • 2. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the amount of taper varies along substantially the entire shaft intermediate section.
  • 3. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the shaft intermediate section is tubular.
  • 4. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the shaft intermediate section is made by wrapping at least one pattern around a mandrel.
  • 5. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the shaft intermediate section includes a shaft outer diameter having a slope of approximately zero degrees near the shaft butt section.
  • 6. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the shaft intermediate section includes a shaft outer diameter having a slope of approximately zero degrees near the shaft tip section.
  • 7. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the shaft intermediate section includes a shaft outer diameter having an undulating surface profile.
  • 8. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the shaft intermediate section includes a shaft outer diameter having a slope of approximately zero degrees near the shaft butt section and the shaft tip section.
  • 9. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the slope of the taper relative to a shaft longitudinal axis varies along the shaft intermediate section.
  • 10. The club shaft of claim 1 made by the process of wrapping at least one pattern around a form.
  • 11. The club shaft of claim 1 made by the process of wrapping a filament around a form.
  • 12. The club shaft of claim 1 made in a die.
  • 13. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the inner surface profile has two portions, each portion being substantially conforming to a sine wave cycle, and wherein the outer surface profile has two portions, each portion being substantially conforming to a sine wave cycle.
  • 14. The club shaft of claim 1 wherein the inner surface profile has three portions, each portion being substantially conforming to a sine wave cycle, and wherein the outer surface profile has three portions, each portion being substantially conforming to a sine wave cycle.
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