Patent Application
20240197033
The sport of golf can involve a variety of actions that a subject (e.g., a golfer) may perform, such as swinging a golf club, walking a golf course, and/or crouching down to line up a putt. Having the proper equipment to play golf can affect how well a golfer performs golf-related actions or movements.
Golf shoes are one example of a piece of equipment that can affect a golfer's performance. For example, when a golfer swings a club, there are a number of forces that can be exerted on the sole assembly of the golf shoe. As such, golf shoes need to provide a comfortable and stable platform for golfers to execute an optimal swing.
Recognized herein are various shortcomings and disadvantages of conventional golf shoes and traditional methods of manufacturing golf shoes. Some golf shoes may include an insert that is placed in a sole assembly of the golf shoe after the sole assembly is fabricated. The placement of the insert in the sole assembly after the fabrication of the sole assembly can involve additional steps, labor, and tooling/equipment, which can be both time and resource intensive. Additionally, in some cases, the integration of the insert in the sole assembly after the fabrication of the sole assembly can compromise the desired structural integrity of the original sole assembly if the insert is not properly integrated with the sole assembly. Given the existing challenges around manufacturing a shoe with an insert optimized to impart one or more desired structural properties in a sole assembly, commercially available shoes typically use more simplistic insert geometries or configurations. Such simplistic geometries and configurations might impart a limited number of favorable material characteristics in the sole assembly, but may not provide the full range of performance characteristics needed for a high performance golf shoe.
The present disclosure addresses the abovementioned shortcomings and disadvantages of conventional golf shoes and traditional methods of manufacturing golf shoes by providing various methods for fabricating a golf shoe with a sole assembly having an internal structure integrated with or embedded in the sole assembly. The methods disclosed herein may be used to efficiently fabricate shoes with complex internal structures that are embedded in or integrated with a midsole and/or an outsole of the sole assembly. In accordance with the various methods presently disclosed, the complex internal structure can be integrated with or embedded in the sole assembly as the sole assembly is being fabricated (e.g., in a mold), which can facilitate the production of a midsole or outsole with an integrated or embedded internal structure in a single manufacturing step (in some cases using a single mold).
The present disclosure also provides various embodiments of golf shoes that can be fabricated using the methods described herein. As described in greater detail below, the methods of the present disclosure may be implemented to produce golf shoes comprising midsoles and/or outsoles with various complex 3D structures (e.g., inserts, endoskeletons, etc.) that are impossible, impractical, and/or extremely difficult to integrate or embed in midsoles or outsole using traditional methods. The complex 3D structures disclosed herein may have an optimal geometry that can provide a wide range of favorable performance characteristics compared to other conventional shoes with more simplistic insert geometries and configurations. In any of the embodiments described herein, the complex 3D structures may be configured to (1) comfortably support loads exerted on the sole assembly during golf-related movements, (2) preserve the torsional stiffness of the sole assembly, (3) maintain favorable flex characteristics in transverse or longitudinal directions, (4) enhance traction with various ground surfaces, and/or (5) control a deformation of the midsole in response to one or more forces exerted on the midsole during a golf-related movement.
In some embodiments, the midsoles described herein may be configured to flex or deform during a golf-related movement in order to control, guide, and/or manage (i) a movement of a subject's feet during the golf-related movement, (ii) a distribution of one or more forces across the shoe to facilitate or execute the golf-related movement, and/or (iii) a direction or a magnitude of the one or more forces exerted on (a) the shoe or any components thereof or (b) a ground surface underneath the shoe. In some embodiments, the midsole may be configured to flex or deform in a particular manner based on (1) the unique anatomical or biomechanical characteristics of the subject wearing the shoe and/or (2) the unique properties or characteristics of the subject's swing. In some embodiments, the midsole may be configured to flex or deform in a manner that is optimal for a particular subject, based on his or her swing type, swing speed, anatomy, or biomechanical characteristics.
In some embodiments, the midsole may be configured to flex or deform optimally for a particular subject even if the subject is executing a golf-related action in a manner that is sub-optimal for the subject given his or her swing type, swing speed, anatomy, or biomechanical characteristics. In some cases, a sub-optimal execution of the golf-related action may involve an actual movement by the subject that deviates from an optimal movement that can provide (i) maximum consistency, e.g., tighter ball dispersions and/or (ii) maximum performance, e.g., longer carry distances. The actual movement or the optimal movement may include, for example, a movement of the subject's arms or wrists, a rotation of a subject's body (hips, waist, etc.), a change in weight distribution across the subject's feet, or a pivoting of the subject's feet during a golf swing. In some cases, a sub-optimal execution of the golf-related action may involve a deviation between an actual posture of the subject and an optimal posture that can provide (i) maximum consistency and/or (ii) maximum performance. The actual posture or the optimal posture may include, for example, a position or an orientation of the subject's feet relative to a golf ball or a ground surface, and/or a position or an orientation of a first body part of the subject relative to a second body part of the subject. In some non-limiting embodiments, the sub-optimal execution of the golf-related action may be associated with a sub-optimal loading profile on the midsole of the shoe or a ground surface underneath the shoe. In some cases, the sub-optimal loading profile may involve a sub-optimal application or exertion of pressure on the midsole or the ground surface before, during, and/or after a golf-related movement. In some cases, the sub-optimal loading profile may involve a sub-optimal change in the application or exertion of pressure on the ground surface or various portions of the midsole over a period of time. In some cases, the sub-optimal loading profile may involve a sub-optimal application or exertion of pressure on one or more portions or regions of the midsole before, during, and/or after a golf-related movement. The sub-optimal application or exertion of pressure may involve the application or exertion of one or more forces (either at various regions of the midsole or at various time points over a select period of time) with a magnitude or a direction that deviates from an optimal magnitude or direction that can translate to or facilitate a golf-related movement with (i) maximum consistency and/or (ii) maximum performance.
In some embodiments, the midsole may be configured to flex or deform in a controlled or predictable manner in order to assist with a subject's golf swing, regardless of any deviations between the actual movements or posture of the subject and the movements or posture which may be considered optimal for the subject given his or her swing type, swing speed, anatomy, or biomechanical characteristics. In some embodiments, the midsole may be configured to flex or deform in a controlled or predictable manner for multiple subjects in order to assist with their golf swings, regardless of any differences in or variations between each subject's swing type, swing speed, anatomy, biomechanical characteristics, or personal preferences for golf-related movements or postures.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the insert may provide different suspension characteristics in or along different zones of the midsole. The suspension characteristics may be associated with, for example, a resistance of the midsole material to compressive forces exerted on the midsole, or a reactionary spring force provided by the midsole material in response to various forces exerted on the midsole during a golf-related movement. In some cases, the suspension characteristics for the different zones can be optimized based on a subject's bodily characteristics (e.g., weight, stature, foot shape or profile, center of gravity or center of mass, etc.) and/or the subject's preferences for comfort, fit, and/or performance. In some cases, the suspension characteristics for the different zones can be optimized for a variety or a range of different subjects with different bodily characteristics or different preferences for comfort, fit, and/or performance.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the insert geometry and/or the insert material may provide or impart a desired set of properties or characteristics to the midsole. The desired set of properties or characteristics may include, for example, torsional stiffness, torsional rigidity, flexural stiffness, flexural rigidity, hardness, tensile strength, or any of the other material properties described elsewhere herein. In some non-limiting embodiments, the insert geometry and/or the insert material may favor a particular set of torsional characteristics for the midsole. In some cases, the particular set of torsional characteristics may be biased in eversion (i.e., the torsional characteristics may promote or facilitate the tilting of the sole of the foot outwards, away from the midline of the body during a golf-related movement). In other cases, the particular set of torsional characteristics may be biased in inversion (i.e., the torsional characteristics may promote or facilitate the tilting of the sole of the foot inwards towards the midline of the body during a golf-related movement). In some cases, the particular set of torsional characteristics may be directionally neutral (i.e., may not be biased in either inversion or eversion, or may be biased equally in eversion and inversion).
In any of the embodiments described herein, the insert geometry and/or the insert material may assist with a golfer's specific/unique swing characteristics and effectively (1) realign a golfer's swing with an optimal swing path or trajectory, (2) align a golfer's body or movements with an optimal posture and/or an optimal set of movements in or along one or more optimal axes or planes in three-dimensional space, and/or (3) compensate for any deviations or variations between (a) the golfer's actual posture or movements and (b) the optimal posture or the optimal set of movements for the golfer. In any of the embodiments described herein, the insert geometry and/or the insert material may be configured to reduce the occurrence or likelihood of any undesirable shot trajectories (e.g., pull, push, hook, and/or slice) that may result from the actual movements or posture of a particular golfer (whether preferred or unintentional).
In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a golf shoe comprising an upper and a sole assembly connected to the upper. In some embodiments, the sole assembly may include a midsole and an outsole.
In some embodiments, at least one of the midsole or the outsole may comprise (i) a foamed material and (ii) a structure integrated with or embedded in the foamed material. In some embodiments, the foamed material comprises ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a different material than the foamed material.
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a spineless structure with one or more members extending between a medial side and a lateral side of the midsole or the outsole to enhance lateral support and/or a torsional strength or stiffness of the midsole or the outsole. In some embodiments, the structure comprises a structural shape or profile that is different than a shape or profile of a bottom of a subject's foot. In some embodiments, the structure comprises a unitary or integrally formed structure.
In some embodiments, the one or more members of the structure may comprise a rigid member. In some embodiments, the rigid member includes a beam or a plate. In some embodiments, the one or more members comprise a torsion bar, an arm, an arch, or a wing structure. In some embodiments, the one or more members may be configured to distribute forces exerted on the sole assembly or a portion thereof to one or more select traction elements of the golf shoe in order to enhance a stability and a traction of the golf shoe.
In some embodiments, the structure is configured to control a deformation or a flex of the sole assembly in or along two or more axes. In some embodiments, the structure is configured to provide cushioning or suspension support in a first axis and torsional strength or stiffness in or along a second axis.
In some embodiments, the structure comprises a lattice. In some embodiments, the lattice comprises a first region having a first lattice property and a second region having a second lattice property. In some embodiments, the first lattice property and the second lattice property are selected from the group consisting of a lattice geometry, a lattice density, and a lattice material composition.
In some embodiments, the structure comprises an additively manufactured part or a machined part. In some embodiments, the structure comprises a true to size insert.
In some embodiments, the structure is attachable or fixable to a mold corresponding to the midsole or the outsole to fix a position and an orientation of the structure within the mold such that the structure is at least partially covered or encapsulated by a molding agent and a foaming agent during a molding process based on the mold. In some embodiments, the mold comprises a single 1:1 scale mold. In some embodiments, the structure comprises a higher melting temperature than the foamed material to resist thermal degradation, warping, or shape shifting during the molding process.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a sole assembly with an internal structure. In some embodiments, the method may comprise providing a mold for producing a midsole or an outsole of the sole assembly. In some embodiments, the method may comprise securing the internal structure to the mold or a surface feature of the mold. The internal structure may have a structural shape or profile that is different than a shape or profile of a bottom of a subject's foot. In some embodiments, the method may comprise providing a composition comprising a molding agent and a foaming agent to the mold to produce, in a single manufacturing step, the midsole or the outsole with the internal structure at least partially embedded therein. In some embodiments, said composition comprising the molding agent and the foaming agent may be flowed around the internal structure to surround or encapsulate the internal structure. In some embodiments, the internal structure may include a spineless structure comprising a different material than the composition surrounding or encapsulating the internal structure.
In some embodiments, producing the midsole or the outsole does not involve expanding the composition or the molding agent in the mold. In some embodiments, the midsole or the outsole is produced using a single mold comprising the mold and without any post molding manufacturing operation to integrate the internal structure with the midsole or the outsole. In some embodiments, the mold comprises a 1:1 scale mold. In some embodiments, the internal structure comprises a true to size insert.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of manufacturing a shoe. In some embodiments, the method may comprise providing a midsole mold. In some embodiments, the method may comprise placing an upper component, an insole component, and/or an outsole component in the midsole mold, wherein the insole component and/or the outsole component comprise one or more surface features configured to interlock the insole component and/or the outsole component with a midsole component that is formable within the midsole mold. In some embodiments, the method may comprise providing one or more source materials to the midsole mold to simultaneously (i) form the midsole component and (ii) integrate the midsole component with the insole component or the outsole component. In some embodiments, the one or more source materials may be flowed through the one or more surface features to interlace a portion of the midsole component with the insole component and/or the outsole component. In some embodiments, the method may further comprise forming a footbed component inside or within the upper component by flowing the one or more source materials through one or more apertures or holes in the upper component or the insole component and into an interior region of the upper component.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides an article of footwear comprising an upper component, a footbed provided within the upper component, an insole component extending under the upper component, a midsole component comprising a midsole material, and an outsole component. In some embodiments, the insole component and/or the outsole component may comprise one or more surface features configured to mechanically interlock with the midsole component. In some embodiments, the midsole material may be configured to extend through the one or more surface features to interlace a portion of the midsole component with the insole component and/or the outsole component. In some embodiments, the midsole material may be configured to extend laterally or horizontally through the one or more surface features to connect the midsole component to the insole component or the outsole component. In some embodiments, the midsole component can be integrated with the insole component and/or the outsole component without using any adhesives.
In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more hooks arranged across or along (i) a lower surface of the insole component or (ii) an upper surface of the outsole component. In some embodiments, the one or more hooks may comprise one or more apertures or holes for the midsole material to extend through. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more sub-structures configured to extend towards each other. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more sub-structures configured to extend away from each other. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more sub-structures configured to extend in a same direction. In other embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more sub-structures configured to extend in different directions. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may be oriented in a same direction. In other embodiments, the one or more surface features may be oriented in different directions.
In some embodiments, the upper component may comprise one or more apertures or holes providing a fluidic path for forming the footbed within an interior region of the upper component. In some embodiments, the footbed may be integrally formed with a bottom interior portion of the upper component. In some embodiments, the footbed may be undetachably fixed to the upper component and/or the insole component. In some embodiments, the footbed may comprise a same material as the insole component, the midsole component, and/or the outsole component.
In some embodiments, the insole component may comprise a board provided between the footbed and the midsole component. In some embodiments, the board may comprise a first set of holes or apertures providing a fluidic path for forming the footbed within an interior region of the upper component. In some embodiments, the board may comprise a second set of holes or apertures configured to engage one or more posts or positioning pins on a last in order to fix a position and/or an orientation of the board as the footbed or the midsole component is being formed. In some embodiments, the first set of holes or apertures and the second set of holes or apertures may have different sizes and/or shapes.
In some embodiments, the midsole component may comprise a network of material extending through one or more holes or apertures in the upper component and/or the insole component to connect the footbed and the midsole component. In some embodiments, the network of material may comprise a plurality of interconnecting sections or segments extending between and physically joining the footbed and the midsole component. In some embodiments, the footbed of the shoe may be integrally formed with the midsole component of the shoe.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become readily apparent to those skilled in this art from the following detailed description, wherein only illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure are shown and described. As will be realized, the present disclosure is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
Non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples are described with reference to the following figures.
The present disclosure will now be described more fully in reference to the accompanying figures, in which various non-limiting embodiments are shown. However, this disclosure should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In the drawings, like numbers refer to like elements throughout. Thicknesses and dimensions of some components may be exaggerated for clarity. The views shown in the accompanying figures are of a right shoe and it is understood that in some cases, the components for a left shoe can be mirror images of the right shoe. It also should be understood that the shoe may be made in various sizes and thus the size of the components or features (e.g., internal grooves) of the shoe may be adjusted depending on the shoe size.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “attached,” “coupled” or “connected” to another element, it can be directly attached, coupled or connected to the other element (with or without any intervening elements). In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly attached,” directly coupled” or “directly connected” to another element, there may not or need not be any intervening elements present.
It is noted that any one or more aspects or features described with respect to one embodiment may be incorporated in a different embodiment. That is, all embodiments and/or features of any embodiment can be combined in any way and/or in any order. Applicant reserves the right to modify any originally filed claim or file any new claim(s) accordingly, including the right to amend any originally filed claim to depend from and/or incorporate any feature of any other claim although not originally claimed in that manner. The various aspects and features of the present disclosure are explained in further detail in the specification set forth below.
From a performance standpoint, a golf shoe needs to be rigid and flexible so that a subject wearing the golf shoe can perform various different golf-specific actions (e.g., walking a golf course, addressing a golf ball, swinging a golf club, and/or crouching down to line up a shot). A golf shoe should also provide ample support, cushioning, and stability because many golf-related movements can involve significant pressure and/or torsion being applied to the sole assembly.
The present disclosure provides various examples of golf shoes having structures (e.g., three-dimensional (3D) structures) that can be embedded in or integrated with a sole assembly (e.g., the midsole or outsole of a shoe) to enhance various material properties of the sole assembly, such as stiffness, rigidity, flexibility, and/or underfoot cushioning or support. In some cases, the three-dimensional (3D) structures may be configured to distribute forces exerted on the sole assembly (e.g., during a golf-related movement) to different portions or regions of the shoe. The different portions or regions of the shoe may correspond to (i) a lateral and/or medial side of the shoe and/or (ii) a forefoot, midfoot, or rearfoot region of the shoe. In some cases, the forces exerted on the sole assembly may be distributed to an outsole region of the shoe (or to a traction element coupled to the outsole region of the shoe) to improve traction on various different ground surfaces. The three-dimensional (3D) structures disclosed herein may be embedded in or integrated with the midsole and/or the outsole of the golf shoe to help control (i) the movement of a golfer's feet during a golf-related action and (ii) a deformation or flexing of the sole assembly in response to forces exerted by the golfer's feet during the golf-related action, in order to provide a comfortable, high-performance sole assembly for golfers.
In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a golf shoe. The golf shoe may comprise an article of footwear (e.g., a shoe) that can be worn by a subject to aid in a physical activity such as golf, or any other physical activity involving one or more actions or movements that can be used in the sport of golf.
The golf shoe may be worn by a subject. The subject may be, for example, an athlete or a golf player. When worn by the subject, the golf shoe may provide an optimal balance of comfort and control that allows the subject to focus on his or her game and maximize performance. The golf shoe may be sized, shaped, and configured to support the subject's foot and/or control a movement of the subject's foot during a golf-related movement to enhance (i) comfort, (ii) stability, and/or (iii) the subject's stance, swing, stability, or overall performance (e.g., accuracy or precision).
In some embodiments, the golf shoe 100 may comprise an upper 110. In some cases, the upper 110 may comprise a vamp for covering at least a forefoot region of a subject's foot. In some cases, the upper 110 may comprise a quarter for covering and/or supporting one or more side or rear portions of a subject's foot (e.g., the area adjacent to, surrounding, and/or below the Achilles tendon, the posterior of the heel, and/or the talus and calcaneus bones).
In some embodiments, the heel region of the quarter may comprise a heel cup. In some cases, the heel cup may comprise a molded heel cup. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the quarter may form a part of the molded heel cup. In some embodiments, the quarter may comprise a plurality of layers that can be molded together to form the heel cup.
In some embodiments, the vamp and the quarter may comprise separate pieces of material that are connected or fused to each other mechanically, chemically, thermally, or adhesively. In some cases, the upper material may comprise various materials that are stitched or bonded together to form an upper structure.
In some embodiments, the upper 110 may comprise a continuous piece of material for the vamp and quarter. In some cases, the continuous piece of material may comprise a single material comprising a plurality of regions each having different material properties. In other cases, the continuous piece of material may comprise a plurality of materials having different material properties. The material properties associated with the plurality of regions or the plurality of materials may include, for example, density, porosity, water absorbency/repellence, strength, flexibility, elasticity, softness, durability, chemical resistance, thermal conductivity, and the like.
In some cases, the upper 110 may comprise, for example, natural leather, synthetic leather, knits, non-woven materials, natural fabrics, and/or synthetic fabrics. In other cases, the upper 110 may comprise breathable mesh and/or synthetic textile fabrics made from materials such as nylons, polyesters, polyolefins, polyurethanes, rubbers, foams, or any combinations thereof. The material of the upper 110 may be selected and/or optimized based on desired properties such as breathability, durability, flexibility, comfort, and/or water resistance.
In some embodiments, the shoe 100 may be waterproof. In some cases, at least a forefoot, midfoot, and/or rearfoot area of the upper may be constructed of one or more materials or layers (e.g., membranes) having water resistant properties. Additional features (e.g., non-porous or semi-porous membranes that permit a selective movement or passage of moisture) may be applied when fabricating the shoe 100 to provide additional waterproofing capabilities.
In some embodiments, the upper 110 may comprise an instep region with an opening for inserting a subject's foot. In some cases, the instep region may include a tongue member. In some embodiments, the upper 110 may comprise a heel collar extending around at least a portion of the opening. The heel collar may be configured to provide enhanced comfort and fit.
In some embodiments, the upper 110 may comprise an insole component (e.g., an insole footbed or an insole board). In some cases, the insole component may be designed to provide support for a subject's foot (e.g., as the subject exerts a force on the insole while walking, running, kneeling, squatting, or executing a swing). The insole component may be flexible, semi-rigid, or rigid. In some cases, the insole component may be a removable insert that can be positioned within the shoe 100. In some examples, the insole component can be worn inside the shoe 100 and may be designed to provide cushioning or support for the subject wearing the shoe 100.
In some embodiments, the forefoot region of the upper 110 may comprise an eye stay that may be attached to the vamp. In some cases, the eye stay may cover at least a portion of the tongue member. In some cases, the eye stay may comprise one or more eyelets through which one or more laces can be threaded.
In any of the embodiments described herein, a variety of tightening systems can be used for tightening the shoe 100 around the contour of the foot. For example, laces of various types of materials (e.g., natural or synthetic fibers, metal cable) may be included in the tightening system. In some cases, the shoe 100 may include a metal cable (lace)-tightening assembly that may comprise a dial, spool, and housing and locking mechanism for locking the cable in place.
In some cases, the upper 110 may have a traditional shape. In other cases, the upper 110 may comprise a shape that is non-traditional.
In some embodiments, the golf shoe 100 may comprise a sole assembly 120. The sole assembly 120 may comprise a midsole and/or an outsole. In some cases, the sole assembly 120 may be connected to the upper 110.
In some embodiments, the sole assembly 120 may comprise a midsole. The midsole may comprise a relatively lightweight material configured to provide cushioning and/or support to the shoe 100. In some embodiments, the midsole may be made from one or more midsole materials such as, for example, a foamed material. In some cases, the foamed material may comprise a material (e.g., a molding agent) that is foamed using a foaming agent. In some case, the foamed material may comprise a material that comprises a foam or foam-like structure. In some cases, the foamed material may comprise an open cell foam comprising one or more open or partially open cells. In other cases, the foamed material may comprise a closed cell foam comprising one or more closed or partially closed cells. In some non-limiting embodiments, the foamed material may comprise an elastic foam. The elastic foam may include, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), an elasticized closed-cell foam with rubber-like softness and flexibility. In other non-limiting embodiments, the foamed material may comprise a viscous foam. The viscous foam may include, for example, a polyurethane foam or a polyethylene foam. In some alternate embodiments, the foamed material may comprise a viscoelastic foam. The viscoelastic foam may have the elastic properties of an elastic foam and the viscous properties of a viscous foam. In some cases, the viscoelastic foam may comprise a memory foam or a memory foam-like material. In any of the embodiments described herein, the midsole may comprise a plurality of different foamed materials (e.g., foamed ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and/or foamed polyurethane compositions). In any of the embodiments described herein, the foamed material (described with respect to the midsole above or the outsole below) may not or need not comprise particles of an expanded material that are processed (e.g., compressed, melted or fused together, or adhesively coupled) to form the midsole or the outsole without using a foaming agent and/or a molding agent.
In some embodiments, the sole assembly 120 may comprise an outsole. The outsole may be designed to provide support and traction for the shoe. In some embodiments, the outsole may be integrated with the midsole. For example, the midsole may be fused with the outsole or otherwise attached to outsole (e.g., using an adhesive or as part of a manufacturing process for the midsole and/or the outsole). In some cases, the midsole can be molded as a separate piece and then joined to a top surface of the outsole by stitching, adhesives, or other suitable means. For example, the midsole can be heat-pressed and bonded to the top surface of the outsole. In some examples, the midsole and the outsole can be molded using a ‘two-shot’ molding method. In any of the embodiments described herein, the midsole may be positioned above the outsole such that at least a portion of the midsole is between a subject's foot and the outsole.
In some embodiments, at least a portion of the outsole may comprise a foamed material as described elsewhere herein. In some cases, the foamed material may comprise an open cell foam comprising one or more open or partially open cells. In other cases, the foamed material may comprise a closed cell foam comprising one or more closed or partially closed cells. In some non-limiting embodiments, the foamed material may comprise an elastic foam. The elastic foam may include, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). In other non-limiting embodiments, the foamed material may comprise a viscous foam. The viscous foam may include, for example, a polyurethane foam or a polyethylene foam. In some alternate embodiments, the foamed material may comprise a viscoelastic foam. The viscoelastic foam may have the elastic properties of an elastic foam and the viscous properties of a viscous foam. In some cases, the viscoelastic foam may comprise a memory foam or a memory foam-like material. In any of the embodiments described herein, the outsole may comprise a plurality of different foamed materials (e.g., foamed ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and/or foamed polyurethane compositions). In any of the embodiments described herein, the foamed material (described with respect to the midsole or the outsole) may not or need not comprise particles of an expanded material that are processed (e.g., compressed, melted or fused together, or adhesively coupled) to form the midsole or the outsole without using a foaming agent and/or a molding agent.
In some embodiments, a bottom surface of the outsole may include a plurality of traction members to help provide traction between the shoe 100 and the different surfaces of a golf course or other ground surfaces. The traction members may comprise any suitable material such as, for example, rubbers, plastics, and combinations thereof. Thermoplastics such as nylons, polyesters, polyolefins, and polyurethanes can also be used in combination or interchangeably. In some embodiments, the traction members may comprise thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Alternatively, different polyamide compositions including polyamide copolymers and/or aramids can be used to form the traction members. In one example, an elastomer comprising block copolymers of rigid polyamide blocks and soft polyether blocks can be used.
In some embodiments, the plurality of traction members may comprise spikes (e.g., hard spikes or soft spikes). The spikes may comprise a protrusion that is configured to at least partially penetrate or otherwise physically interface with or contact a ground surface.
In some embodiments, the plurality of traction members may not or need not comprise any spikes. For example, the traction members may comprise a grooved or textured surface or material that is configured to reduce a lateral or translational movement of the shoe relative to a ground surface when a force is exerted on the sole assembly of the shoe. In some cases, the grooved or textured surface may have a higher coefficient of friction (static and/or dynamic frictional coefficient) than other portions of the outsole. In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of traction members may be removable or detachable from the outsole. In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of traction members may be permanently attached or coupled to the outsole or another portion of the sole assembly. In some alternative embodiments, the outsole may not or need not comprise any traction elements.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the upper and/or the sole assembly and/or any components thereof (e.g., the insole footbed, the insole board, the midsole, and/or the outsole) may comprise a forefoot region, a midfoot region, and a rearfoot region. Each of the forefoot region, the midfoot region, and the rearfoot region may correspond to a respective forefoot, midfoot, and rearfoot anatomy of a subject's foot. In general, the anatomy of a human foot can be divided into three bony regions. A rearfoot region of the foot may include the ankle (talus) and heel (calcaneus) bones. A midfoot region of the foot may include the cuboid, cuneiform, and navicular bones that form the longitudinal arch of the foot. The forefoot region of the foot may include the metatarsals and the toes. The shoe, and accordingly, the components of the upper and/or the sole assembly (e.g., the insole footbed, the insole board, the midsole, and/or the outsole), may comprise a rearfoot region corresponding to the rearfoot and/or heel area, a midfoot region that corresponds to the midfoot, and a forefoot region corresponding to the forefoot and/or toe area.
In some cases, the rearfoot region (and heel area) can correspond to a posterior end of the shoe. In some cases, the forefoot area, including the toe area, can correspond to an anterior end of the shoe.
In addition to having a rearfoot region, midfoot region, and forefoot region, the shoe, and accordingly, the components of the upper and/or the sole assembly (e.g., the insole footbed, the insole board, the midsole, and/or the outsole), may also have a medial side and a lateral side that are opposite one another. The medial side may generally correspond to an inside area of the wearer's foot and a surface that faces towards the wearer's other foot. The lateral side may generally correspond to an outside area of the wearer's foot and a surface that faces away from the wearer's other foot. The lateral side and the medial side may extend through each of the rearfoot area, the midfoot area, and the forefoot area. In some cases, the medial side and a lateral side may extend around the periphery or perimeter of the shoe.
Referring to
In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a golf shoe comprising an upper and a sole assembly connected to the upper. As described elsewhere herein, the sole assembly may include a structure that is embedded in or integrated with the midsole and/or the outsole of the sole assembly.
In some embodiments, at least one of the midsole or the outsole may comprise a structure integrated with or embedded in a foamed material of the midsole or the outsole. The foamed material may form all or a part of the midsole and/or the outsole. In some cases, at least one of the midsole and the outsole may comprise the foamed material. The foamed material may comprise, for example, any of the foamed materials described elsewhere herein, including EVA and other foam materials that can be foamed within a mold (such as the 1:1 scale molds disclosed herein).
In some embodiments, the structure may be embedded in or integrated with the foamed material used to form or shape the midsole or the outsole or any portions thereof. As used herein, embedded may refer to a configuration in which at least a portion of the structure is either partially or fully covered or encapsulated by the foamed material. As used herein, integration may refer to a configuration in which at least a portion of the structure that is placed adjacent or proximal to the foamed material. In some cases, integration may involve combining the structure with the foamed material or attaching the foamed material to the structure.
In some cases, the embedding of the structure in the foamed material may result in the foamed material covering or encapsulating at least a portion of the surface area of the structure. In some cases, at least about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or more of the surface area of the structure may be covered by the foamed material. In some cases, at least about 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more of the surface area of the structure may be covered by the foamed material. In some cases, 100% of the surface area of the structure may be covered by the foamed material (i.e., the structure may be fully encapsulated by the foamed material such that the structure is insulated or covered by the foamed material on all sides).
In some cases, the foamed material encapsulating the structure may comprise a range of thicknesses. The thicknesses may correspond to a distance from (1) a point of contact between the structure and the foamed material and (2a) a point of contact between foamed material and another material or component of the shoe or (2b) an external surface of the foamed material that is exposed to the outside environment. In some cases, the thickness may range from about 0.1 millimeters (mm) to about 10 mm or more.
In some cases, the embedding of the structure in the foamed material may yield an assembly that comprises at least two separate pieces that are coupled or attached to each other (the structure being one piece, and the foamed material being another piece). The structure may be at least partially embedded in the foamed material. The two separate pieces may require a minimum amount of force to separate. The minimum amount of force may range from about 1 Newton (N) to about 100 Newtons (N) or more.
In some embodiments, the integration of the structure with the foamed material may result in a coupling or attachment of at least a portion of the structure to at least a portion of the foamed material. In some embodiments, the integration of the structure with the foamed material may involve a portion of the structure being coupled or attached to an inner portion, surface, or volume of the foamed material. In some embodiments, the integration of the structure with the foamed material may involve a portion of the structure being enveloped by or embedded in the foamed material.
In some cases, the integration of the structure and the foamed material may result in a contact between a surface of the structure and the foamed material. The surface area of contact between the structure and the foamed material may range from about 1 cm2 to about 100 cm2 or more.
In some cases, the integration of the structure and the foamed material may yield an assembly that comprises at least two separate pieces that are coupled or attached to each other (the structure being one piece, and the foamed material being another piece). The two separate pieces may require a minimum amount of force to separate. The minimum amount of force to separate the pieces may range from about 1 Newton (N) to about 100 Newtons (N) or more.
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise one or more structural members. The one or more structural members may comprise an element of the structure that is sized and shaped to distribute or redirect a load exerted on a shoe (e.g., during a golf-related action) to different portions of the structure, the sole assembly, or the overall shoe. In some cases, the one or more structural members may comprise a beam, a column, a brace, a strut, a rod, a post, a bar, a plate, a truss, a frame, a lattice, a support, or any other type of rigid or flexible component or construct that is capable of distributing or redirecting forces (compressive, rotational/torsional, etc.) exerted on a sole assembly of a shoe. In some cases, the one or more structural members may comprise a torsion bar, an arm, a wing, or an arch structure, as described in greater detail below.
In some embodiments, the one or more structural members may comprise a cross-section. In some cases, the cross-section may comprise a lateral cross-section along a plane that extends through a portion of the member. In some cases, the cross-section may comprise a lateral cross-section along a plane that extends vertically or horizontally through a portion of the member. In any of the embodiments described herein, the plane may be oriented at an angle relative to a surface of the structural members. In some cases, the angle may range from about 1 degree to about 179 degrees. In some non-limiting embodiments, the plane may be normal, orthogonal, or perpendicular to a surface of the one or more structural members.
In some embodiments, the cross-section may comprise a cross-sectional shape. The cross-sectional shape may correspond to a lateral or vertical cross-section of the structural members. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise a circular shape or a polygonal shape. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise, for example, a circle, an ellipse, or any polygon having three or more sides. The cross-sectional shape may comprise a regular shape (e.g., a shape having two or more sides with a same length) or an irregular shape (e.g., a shape having two or more sides with different lengths). In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise at least one linear portion or section. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise at least one curved or non-linear portion or section. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise at least one linear portion or section and at least one curved or non-linear portion or section.
In some embodiments, the one or more structural members may comprise a cross-sectional shape that changes along a dimension of the structural member. In some cases, the dimensions of the cross-sectional shape may also vary along a portion of the structural member. The dimension may include, for example, a length, a width, and/or a height of the cross-sectional shape.
In some embodiments, the member may comprise a solid cross-section. The solid cross-section may comprise a single material or a plurality of materials that are layered next to or on top of each other. In other cases, the member may comprise a hollow cross-section. The hollow cross-section may comprise a material or a plurality of materials having an opening, a gap, a void, or a channel within an inner volume of the material.
In some embodiments, the one or more structural members and/or the overall structure may be flat or substantially flat. In other embodiments, the structural members and/or the overall structure may have multiple regions with different heights (relative to a surface of the midsole, a surface of the outsole, or the ground surface on which the shoe is provided). In some cases, the structure may comprise a three-dimensional frame or endoskeleton that spans a width, a length, and/or a height of the insole (e.g., the insole footbed or the insole board) or the midsole. In some cases, the structure may comprise one or more members that extend or slope upwards (e.g., towards a top of the midsole). In some cases, the structure may comprise one or more members that extend or slope downwards (e.g., towards a bottom of the midsole). In some cases, the structure may comprise a plurality of members that extend or slope upwards and/or downwards. In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a plurality of members that extend or slope upwards or downwards towards different portions of the midsole. In other embodiments, the structure may comprise a plurality of members that extend or slope upwards or downwards towards a same portion of the midsole. In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a plurality of members that converge at a same portion or region of the midsole. In other embodiments, the structure may comprise a plurality of members that diverge towards multiple different regions of the midsole.
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a plurality of members that are integrally formed as a single, continuous structure for distributing or redirecting loads. In some embodiments, the plurality of members may have a fixed position and orientation relative to each other. In other embodiments, the plurality of members may be configured to move (e.g., flex or bend) relative to each other under load. In some cases, the structure comprising the plurality of members may be fabricated as a single, unitary piece. In some cases, the structure may not or need not comprise separate subcomponents that need to be joined or coupled together. In some cases, the structure may not or need not comprise any joints or hinges, or any rotating or articulating components or structural features that are mechanically linked, fastened, or joined.
In some embodiments, the structure may be integrally formed as a single, unitary structure. The single, unitary structure may not or need not comprise any separate or distinct subcomponents that are (i) coupled to each other (e.g., using fasteners) and/or (ii) joined to form a mechanical connection (e.g., a hinge, a joint, a slide, or any other type of connection that permits a translation and/or a rotation of one subcomponent relative to another subcomponent).
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a spineless structure. In some cases, the spineless structure may not or need not comprise an elongate member that extends between a forefoot region and a rearfoot region of the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the spineless structure may not or need not comprise rib members that are coupled or secured to an elongate member extending between a forefoot region and a rearfoot region of the midsole or outsole. In some embodiments, the single, unitary structure may comprise a plurality of structural members extending between the medial side and the lateral side of the midsole or the outsole. The plurality of structural members may not or need not be connected to any elongate member extending between the forefoot and rearfoot regions of the midsole or outsole.
In some embodiments, a portion of the structural members may have a fixed position and/or a fixed orientation relative to (i) another portion of the structure and/or (ii) a portion of the midsole or outsole in which the structural members are integrated or embedded. In some embodiments, a portion of the structural members may be configured to flex or deform when a force is exerted on the members. In some cases, a portion of the midsole or outsole that is adjacent or proximal to the structural members may be configured to flex or deform in response to the flexing or deformation of the structural members. In some cases, the portion of the member that is flexing or deforming may remain in a relatively fixed position and orientation relative to the portion of the midsole or outsole that is flexing or deforming in response to the flexing or deformation of the member. In some cases, a portion of the members may be configured to move relative to a surface of the midsole or outsole that is adjacent or proximal to the movable portion of the members. In some cases, the portion of the members that is configured to move relative to the midsole or outsole may be positioned in or near one or more windows, cavities, or voids within the foamed material surrounding or encapsulating the structure. In some cases, the foamed material surrounding or encapsulating the structure may not or need not comprise any windows, cavities, or voids to accommodate a motion of the members (e.g., a flexing, a bending, a twisting, a stretching, or a compressing of the members) under load.
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a structural shape or profile that is different than a shape or profile of a bottom of a subject's foot. In one example, the structure may comprise a cylindrical shape with a curved upper surface that slopes downwards towards the bottom of the sole assembly, similar to the exemplary structural configuration shown in
In some embodiments, the one or more members may extend between a first region of the sole assembly and a second region of the sole assembly. The first region or the second region of the sole assembly may include a lateral side or a medial side of the sole assembly. The first region or the second region of the sole assembly may include a forefoot region, a midfoot region, or a rearfoot region of the sole assembly.
In some embodiments, the one or more members may be configured to extend between the lateral side and the medial side of the sole assembly. In some embodiments, the one or more members may extend between the lateral side and the medial side of the midsole or the outsole. The extension of the one or more members between the lateral side and the medial side of the midsole or the outsole may enhance the stiffness and support provided by the midsole or the outsole.
In some embodiments, the one or more members may be configured to extend between (1) a central region of the midsole or outsole and (2) a medial side and/or a lateral side of the midsole or the outsole to enhance a lateral support and a torsional strength or stiffness of the midsole or the outsole. In some embodiments, the one or more members may be configured to extend through the central region of the midsole or outsole to both the medial and lateral sides of the midsole or the outsole.
In some non-limiting embodiments, the central region of the midsole or the outsole may correspond to a midfoot region of the midsole or the outsole (e.g., as shown in
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a three-dimensional (3D) structure. In some cases, the 3D structure may comprise an additively manufactured part. The additively manufactured part may be produced using, for example, 3D printing, laser sintering, welding, molding, or any other type of additive manufacturing process.
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a machined part. In some embodiments, the structure may comprise a part that is fabricated using one or more subtractive manufacturing processes (e.g., milling, turning, laser cutting, electrical discharge machining (EDM), carving, etc.).
In some embodiments, the structure 450 may comprise a reinforcement part. The reinforcement part may be configured for internal midsole reinforcement. In some cases, the reinforcement part may be configured to stiffen the midsole so that the midsole resists deformation under torsion or shear stress (e.g., when a golfer is executing a golf swing and shifts his/her weight or pivots his/her feet).
In some non-limiting embodiments, the structure 450 may comprise a rod or a tube that extends between a medial side and a lateral side of the sole assembly. In some cases, the rod or tube may comprise a hollow inner region. In some cases, an inner region of the rod or tube may be hollowed to reduce a total weight or mass of the structure 450. In some cases, the hollow inner region may be filled with a filler material (e.g., a foamed material as described elsewhere herein) to optimize a stiffness of the structure or the sole assembly in which the structure is embedded.
Referring to
In some embodiments, the structure 550 may comprise one or more members 560. The one or more members 560 may extend between a medial side and a lateral side of the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the one or more members 560 may extend from a center region of the sole assembly 520 to a lateral or medial side of the sole assembly. In some cases, the one or more members 560 may contact the medial and lateral sides of the sole assembly 520.
In some cases, the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may comprise a straight or linear section. In some cases, the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may comprise a curved or arched section. In some cases, the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may comprise one or more straight or linear sections and one or more curved or arched sections.
In some embodiments, the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may curve or slope upwards and/or downwards. In some cases, the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may curve or slope upwards as the structure 550 or the one or more members 560 extend from (i) a medial or lateral side of the sole assembly 520 to (ii) a center region of the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may curve or slope downwards as the structure 550 or the one or more members 560 extend from (i) a center region of the sole assembly 520 to (ii) a medial or lateral side of the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may curve or slope upwards at the medial and/or lateral side(s) of the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the upward curvature of the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 at the medial and/or lateral side(s) of the sole assembly 520 may correspond to a curvature of a surface of the mold used to fabricate the sole assembly 520 with the embedded structure 550. In some cases, the shape or curvature of the structure 550 and/or the one or more members 560 may be configured to secure the structure 550 to the mold used to fabricate the sole assembly 520. The one or more members 560 may be configured to secure the structure 550 in a predetermined position or orientation within the mold used to fabricate the sole assembly 520.
In some embodiments, the one or more members 560 may extend from a center region of the sole assembly 520 to different medial or lateral regions of the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the one or more members 560 may comprise a member extending towards a lateral forefoot, midfoot, or rearfoot region of the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the one or more members 560 may comprise a member extending towards a medial forefoot, midfoot, or rearfoot region of the sole assembly 520.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the structure 550 may comprise a unitary structure comprising the one or more members 560. In some embodiments, the unitary structure 550 comprising the one or more members 560 may be formed from a single continuous piece of material. In some embodiments, the one or more members 560 may be connected to each other either directly or via an intermediary connecting region of the structure 550 that spans a dimension (e.g., a length, a width, or a height) of the sole assembly 520. The intermediary connecting region may be, for example, a spinal structure from which the members 560 can extend (or any other type of structure that can function as a central hub for the members 560). In some embodiments, the intermediary connecting region and the one or more members 560 may be formed from a single continuous piece of material.
Referring to
Referring to
In some embodiments, the structure 550 may comprise one or more wings 580. In some cases, the one or more wings 580 may be disposed on a distal end of the one or more members 560. In some cases, the shape and/or curvature of the one or more wings 580 may correspond to a curvature of a mold used to fabricate the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the one or more wings 580 may be configured to secure the structure 550 to the mold used to fabricate the sole assembly 520. In some cases, the wings 580 may be configured to secure the structure 550 in a predetermined position or orientation within the mold used to fabricate the sole assembly 520.
In some embodiments, the one or more wings 580 may comprise (1) a first wing extending towards an upper region of a lateral or medial side of the sole assembly and (2) a second wing extending towards a lower region of a lateral or medial side of the sole assembly. The first wing may be disposed at an angle relative to the second wing. In some non-limiting embodiments, the angle between the first wing and the second wing may range from about 5 degrees to about 45 degrees or more. In some embodiments, the structure may comprise an upper wing and a lower wing disposed under or below the upper wing. In some cases, the angle between the upper wing and the lower wing may range from about 5 degrees to about 45 degrees or more.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the structure may have one or more desirable properties that allow the structure to support a subject's foot and optimally distribute forces or loads to different regions of the shoe to enhance traction, grip, stability, and comfort. In some embodiments, the structure may be configured to control a distribution of forces or loads on the midsole of the shoe and divert said forces or loads to one or more optimal locations or zones within the shoe or on a ground surface in order to assist a subject with executing an optimal golf-related motion (e.g., a golf swing). In some embodiments, the structure may be configured to control a distribution of forces or loads on the midsole of the shoe and divert said forces or loads to one or more optimal locations or zones within the shoe or on a ground surface in order to at least partially compensate for any deviations or variations between (i) an actual motion path or swing trajectory by the subject and (ii) an optimal motion path or swing trajectory for the subject. In some cases, the one or more desirable properties may comprise a strength of the overall structure or the various members of the structure. The strength may include, for example, a compressive strength, a tensile strength, or a shear strength. As used herein, compressive strength may refer to the ability of a structure or material to withstand compressive loads. As used herein, tensile strength may refer to an amount of stress that a structure or material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before deforming or breaking. As used herein, shear strength may refer to the strength of a material or component against yields or structural failures that can occur when a material or structure experiences shear loads. A shear load may comprise a force that produces a sliding failure in a material along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the force (e.g., by causing a portion of the internal structure of the material to slide against itself). In some cases, the structure may have a compressive strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more. In some cases, the structure may have a tensile strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more. In some cases, the structure may have a shear strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more.
In some cases, the one or more desirable properties may comprise a stiffness of the overall structure or the various members of the structure. In some cases, the stiffness may include, for example, a flexural stiffness or a torsional stiffness. As used herein, flexural stiffness (also known as flexural rigidity) may refer to a force couple required to bend a structure or a material by a unit of curvature. The flexural stiffness may correspond to the resistance offered by the structure or material while undergoing a bending or flexing motion about an axis. As used herein, torsional stiffness may refer to the amount of torque required to twist an object or a material by a unit radian or degree. The torsional stiffness may be represented as a ratio of torque to the angular twist experience by a material. In some cases, the structure may have a flexural stiffness ranging from about 10 Newton-centimeters (N-cm) to about 100 N-cm or more. In some cases, the structure may have a torsional stiffness ranging from about 10 Newton-centimeters per degree (N-cm/deg) to about 100 N-cm/deg or more.
In some non-limiting embodiments, the structure may comprise a lattice structure. The lattice structure may comprise a collection or network of topologically ordered, three-dimensional open-celled structures comprising one or more unit cells. The one or more unit cells may be arranged in three-dimensional (3D) space based on a cell map. In some cases, the cell map may define or outline a relative position and orientation for each cell relative to one or more other cells of the lattice.
In some embodiments, the lattice may comprise a surface-based lattice that can be generated or modeled using one or more mathematical equations or expressions. In other embodiments, the lattice may comprise a strut-based lattice comprising one or more structural members (e.g., rods or beams) that intersect at one or more nodes. In some alternative embodiments, the lattice may comprise a planar lattice that can be created in a two-dimensional plane and extruded to create a 3D structure.
In some embodiments, the lattice may comprise a periodic lattice, a non-periodic lattice, or a stochastic lattice. In some embodiments, the lattice can be a beam lattice, a plate lattice, a honeycomb lattice, or a TPMS (triply periodic minimal surface) lattice. In some embodiments, the lattice structure may comprise a triangular lattice, a square lattice, a rectangular lattice, a rhombic lattice, an oblique lattice, or a hexagonal lattice.
In some embodiments, the lattice may comprise a homogeneous lattice structure with uniform lattice properties across the lattice structure. In other embodiments, the lattice may comprise a heterogenous lattice structure with lattice properties that vary across different regions or sections of the lattice structure.
In some embodiments, the structural members of the lattice may comprise a cross-section having a cross-sectional shape. The cross-sectional shape may correspond to a lateral or vertical cross-section of the structural members. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise a circular shape or a polygonal shape. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise, for example, a circle, an ellipse, or any polygon having three or more sides. The cross-sectional shape may comprise a regular shape (e.g., a shape having two or more sides with a same length) or an irregular shape (e.g., a shape having two or more sides with different lengths). In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise at least one linear portion or section. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise at least one curved or non-linear portion or section. In some cases, the cross-sectional shape may comprise at least one linear portion or section and at least one curved or non-linear portion or section.
In some embodiments, the structural members of the lattice may comprise a cross-section having a cross-sectional shape that changes or varies along a dimension of the structural member. In some embodiments, different structural members of the lattice may comprise different cross-sectional shapes. In any of the embodiments described herein, the dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the structural members may change along a length, a width, or a height of the structural members.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape may comprise a plurality of dimensions. In some cases, a dimensional ratio between (i) a length or a width of the cross-sectional shape and (ii) a height of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 10:1 to about 1:10. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape may comprise one or more diagonal lengths or widths. The one or more diagonal lengths or widths may correspond to a distance between two or more sides or vertices of the cross-sectional shape. In some cases, a dimensional ratio between (i) a diagonal length or width of the cross-sectional shape and (ii) a height of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 10:1 to about 1:10. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape may comprise a plurality of diagonal lengths or widths. In some cases, the plurality of diagonal lengths or widths may comprise a first diagonal length or width and a second diagonal length or width. The first diagonal length may correspond to a first distance between a first set of sides or vertices of the cross-sectional shape, and the second diagonal length may correspond to a second distance between a second set of sides or vertices of the cross-sectional shape. The first set of sides or vertices may be different than the second set of sides or vertices. In some non-limiting embodiments, a dimensional ratio between (i) a first diagonal length or width of the cross-sectional shape and (ii) a second diagonal length or width of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 10:1 to about 1:10.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the structural members of the lattice may comprise one or more dimensions. The one or more dimensions may correspond to a length, a width, or a height of the structural members. In some embodiments, the length of the structural members may range from about 1 mm to about 10 mm or more. In some embodiments, the width of the structural members may range from about 1 mm to about 10 mm or more. In some embodiments, the height of the structural members may range from about 1 mm to about 10 mm or more.
In some embodiments, the entire lattice structure may span a length, a width, or a height of the midsole. In some embodiments, the lattice structure may span a first distance corresponding to the length of the midsole. The first distance may range from about 1 cm to about 30 cm. In some embodiments, the lattice structure may span a second distance corresponding to the width of the midsole. The second distance may range from about 1 cm to about 10 cm. In some embodiments, the lattice structure may span a third distance corresponding to the height of the midsole. The third distance may range from about 1 cm to about 5 cm.
In some embodiments, the lattice structure 650 may extend through a central portion or region of the sole assembly 620. In some embodiments, the lattice structure 650 may comprise one or more sides that fan out and span a length of the medial and lateral sides of the sole assembly 620. In some cases, the sides of the lattice may span a greater length of the sole assembly 620 than a medial region of the lattice that extends between the medial and lateral sides of the sole assembly 620. In some non-limiting embodiments, the thickness of the lattice structure 650 can gradually increase as the lattice extends from a central region of the sole assembly 620 to a lateral or medial side of the sole assembly 620. In some cases, the thickness of the lattice structure 650 may correspond to a vertical height of the sole assembly 620. In other non-limiting embodiments, the volume of the lattice structure 650 can gradually increase as the lattice extends from a central region of the sole assembly 620 to a lateral or medial side of the sole assembly 620.
In some embodiments, the lattice structure may comprise a first region having a first lattice property and a second region having a second lattice property. In some cases, the first lattice property and the second lattice property may provide or impart different material properties to different portions or regions of the shoe. The first lattice property and/or the second lattice property may be selected from the group consisting of a lattice geometry, a lattice density, and a lattice material composition. The different material properties imparted to the different portions of the shoe may include, for example, a strength (e.g., a compressive strength, a tensile strength, or a shear strength) or a stiffness (e.g., a flexural or torsional stiffness) of a forefoot, midfoot, or rearfoot region of the upper or the sole assembly (or any portion or layer thereof). In some embodiments, the different material properties imparted to the different portions of the shoe may include, for example, a strength (e.g., a compressive strength, a tensile strength, or a shear strength) or a stiffness (e.g., a flexural or torsional stiffness) of an insole component of the upper or a midsole or an outsole of the sole assembly.
In some embodiments, the first and second lattice property may include a lattice strength. The lattice strength may comprise a compressive strength, a tensile strength, or a shear strength. As used herein, compressive strength may refer to the ability of a structure or material to withstand compressive loads. As used herein, tensile strength may refer to an amount of stress that a structure or material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before deforming or breaking. As used herein, shear strength may refer to the strength of a material or component against yields or structural failures that can occur when a material or structure experiences shear loads. A shear load may comprise a force that produces a sliding failure in a material along a plane that is parallel to the direction of the force (e.g., by causing a portion of the internal structure of the material to slide against itself). In some cases, the structure may have a compressive strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more. In some cases, the structure may have a tensile strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more. In some cases, the structure may have a shear strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more.
In some embodiments, the first and second lattice property may include a lattice stiffness. The lattice stiffness may comprise a flexural stiffness or a torsional stiffness. As used herein, flexural stiffness (also known as flexural rigidity) may refer to a force couple required to bend a structure or a material by a unit of curvature. The flexural stiffness may correspond to the resistance offered by the structure or material while undergoing a bending or flexing motion about an axis. As used herein, torsional stiffness may refer to the amount of torque required to twist an object or a material by a unit radian or degree. The torsional stiffness may be represented as a ratio of torque to the angular twist experience by a material. In some cases, the structure may have a flexural stiffness ranging from about 10 Newton-centimeters (N-cm) to about 100 N-cm or more. In some cases, the structure may have a torsional stiffness ranging from about 10 Newton-centimeters per degree (N-cm/deg) to about 100 N-cm/deg or more.
In some embodiments, (e.g., as shown in
In some embodiments (e.g., as shown in
In some embodiments, the first internal structure 851 and the second internal structure 852 may be attached at one or more locations 853 as shown in
Referring back to
In some embodiments, the first axis 801 may correspond to the central axis 200 schematically illustrated in the preceding figures. In some embodiments, the first axis 801 may be offset relative to the central axis 200. The offset may comprise, for example, an angular offset and/or an offset distance.
In some embodiments, the second axis 802 may correspond to a vertical or substantially vertical axis that is normal or substantially normal to a surface of the sole assembly. In some cases, the second axis 802 may intersect a midline axis extending between a lateral side and a medial side of the sole assembly. In other cases, the second axis 802 may not or need not intersect a midline axis extending between the lateral and medial sides of the sole assembly. The midline axis may, in some cases, intersect the central axis 200 of the sole assembly at a distance halfway or approximately halfway between the anterior and posterior ends of the shoe.
In some embodiments, the first axis 801 and the second axis 802 may form a plane comprising the first axis 801 and the second axis 802. Within the plane, the first axis 801 and the second axis 802 may be disposed at an angle relative to each other. In some cases, the angle may range from about 5 degrees to about 10 degrees, about 10 degrees to about 15 degrees, about 15 degrees to about 20 degrees, about 20 degrees to about 25 degrees, about 25 degrees to about 30 degrees, about 30 degrees to about 35 degrees, about 35 degrees to about 40 degrees, about 40 degrees to about 45 degrees, about 45 degrees to about 50 degrees, about 50 degrees to about 55 degrees, about 55 degrees to about 60 degrees, about 60 degrees to about 65 degrees, about 65 degrees to about 70 degrees, about 70 degrees to about 75 degrees, about 75 degrees to about 80 degrees, about 80 degrees to about 85 degrees, about 85 degrees to about 90 degrees, or more than 90 degrees.
Referring to
Referring to
In some embodiments, the arrangement and coupling of the first internal structure 851 and the second internal structure 852 may yield a structure with a vertical spring force constant. In some cases, the vertical spring force constant may range from about 0.01 N/m to about 10 N/m or more.
The structure embedded in or integrated with the midsole or the outsole may have various dimensions. In some cases, the structure may be sized and shaped to fit entirely within the midsole or the outsole. In some cases, the structure may be sized and shaped such that only a select portion of the structure is exposed or visible past the outer contours of the midsole or the outsole.
In some embodiments, the structure may have a width spanning at least a portion of the width of the midsole or the outsole. The width of the structure may vary depending on the width of the midsole or the outsole between the medial and lateral sides of the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the structure may have a width of at least about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or more of the width of the midsole or the outsole.
In some embodiments, the structure may have a length spanning at least a portion of the length of the midsole or the outsole. The length of the midsole or the outsole may correspond to a distance between the anterior and posterior ends of the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the structure may have a length of at least about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or more of the length of the midsole or the outsole.
In some embodiments, the structure may have a height spanning at least a portion of the height of the midsole or the outsole. The height of the midsole may correspond to (i) a distance between a portion of the midsole contacting the outsole and (ii) a portion of the midsole contacting the insole or the upper. The height of the outsole may correspond to (i) a distance between a portion of the outsole proximal to the ground and (ii) a portion of the outsole contacting the midsole, the insole, or the upper. In some cases, the structure may have a height of at least about 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or more of the height of the midsole or the outsole.
In some embodiments, the structure may comprise one or more structural members extending through a portion of the midsole or outsole. The one or more structural members may comprise a cross-section having a cross-sectional shape as described elsewhere herein. The cross-sectional shape may comprise one or more dimensions. In some cases, the one or more dimensions may correspond to a length, a width, and/or a height of the one or more structural members. In some embodiments, the length or width of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 1 cm to about 10 cm or more. In some embodiments, the height of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 1 cm to about 5 cm or more.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape may comprise a plurality of dimensions. In some cases, a dimensional ratio between (i) a length or a width of the cross-sectional shape and (ii) a height of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 10:1 to about 1:10. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape may comprise one or more diagonal lengths or widths. The one or more diagonal lengths or widths may correspond to a distance between two or more sides or vertices of the cross-sectional shape. In some cases, a dimensional ratio between (i) a diagonal length or width of the cross-sectional shape and (ii) a height of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 10:1 to about 1:10. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape may comprise a plurality of diagonal lengths or widths. In some cases, the plurality of diagonal lengths or widths may comprise a first diagonal length or width and a second diagonal length or width. The first diagonal length may correspond to a first distance between a first set of sides or vertices of the cross-sectional shape, and the second diagonal length may correspond to a second distance between a second set of sides or vertices of the cross-sectional shape. The first set of sides or vertices may be different than the second set of sides or vertices. In some non-limiting embodiments, a dimensional ratio between (i) a first diagonal length or width of the cross-sectional shape and (ii) a second diagonal length or width of the cross-sectional shape may range from about 10:1 to about 1:10.
In some embodiments, the entire structure may span a length, a width, or a height of the midsole. In some embodiments, the structure may span a first distance corresponding to the length of the midsole. In some cases, the first distance may range from about 1 cm to about 30 cm. In some embodiments, the structure may span a second distance corresponding to the width of the midsole. The second distance may range from about 1 cm to about 10 cm. In some embodiments, the structure may span a third distance corresponding to the height of the midsole. The third distance may range from about 1 cm to about 5 cm.
In any of the embodiments, the structure may comprise a true to size structure that can be integrated with or inserted or embedded in a midsole or an outsole. As used herein, the term “true to size” may refer to a structure that is sized and shaped according to one or more predetermined dimensions such that the size and shape of the structure when placed in a mold (to directly produce a midsole or outsole comprising the integrated or embedded structure integrated) is the same size and shape needed for the structure to support and stabilize the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the size and shape of the structure when placed in a mold may be the approximate size and shape needed to support and stabilize the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the size and shape of the structure when placed in a mold may be the exact size and shape needed to support and stabilize the midsole or outsole.
As described in further detail below, the use of true to size structures, in combination with molding techniques such as 1:1 scale molding, can greatly simplify and expedite the manufacturing process for golf shoes with sole assemblies comprising embedded or integrated structures or inserts. Compared to conventional methods, the presently disclosed methods leverage 1:1 scale molding and true to size structures to simultaneously or concurrently (i) fabricate a foamed midsole or outsole and (ii) integrate or embed the true to size structures within the foamed midsole or outsole, in a single molding process (in some cases using a single mold). The methods of the present disclosure can effectively enable high throughput manufacturing and production of golf shoes with midsoles or outsoles having embedded or integrated internal structures by simplifying the process for integrating internal structures in foamed midsoles or outsoles (and avoiding the need to wait for a foamed material to fully expand before integrating the internal structure with the midsole or outsole, which is traditionally required for conventional EVA foaming methods).
In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise a rigid material. In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise a deformable or elastic material. In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may be configured to bend or flex in response to a force exerted on the shoe by a subject (e.g., a golfer) during a golf-related movement or action.
In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise a metallic material. The metallic material may include one or more of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, barium, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, yttrium, niobium, molybdenum, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, cadmium, actinium, and/or gold. In some cases, the metallic material may comprise a rare earth element. The rare earth element may include scandium, yttrium, or elements of the lanthanide series having atomic numbers 57-71.
In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise an intermetallic material. The intermetallic material may be a solid-state compound exhibiting metallic bonding, defined stoichiometry and ordered crystal structure (i.e., alloys). The intermetallic material may include, for example, brass (copper and zinc), bronze (copper and tin), duralumin (aluminum, copper, manganese, and/or magnesium), gold alloys (gold and copper), rose-gold alloys (gold, copper, and zinc), nichrome (nickel and chromium), and stainless steel (iron, carbon, and additional elements including manganese, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, boron, titanium, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, cobalt, and/or niobium). In some cases, the intermetallic material may include superalloys. The superalloys may be based on elements including iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, titanium, or aluminum.
In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise a ceramic material. The ceramic material may comprise a metal (e.g., aluminum, titanium, etc.), a non-metal (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen, etc.), and/or a metalloid (e.g., germanium, silicon, etc.) having atoms primarily held in ionic and/or covalent bonds. Examples of the ceramic materials may include, for example, an aluminide, boride, beryllia, carbide, chromium oxide, hydroxide, sulfide, nitride, mullite, kyanite, ferrite, titania zirconia, yttria, and/or magnesia.
In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise a composite material. The composite material may include, for example, a carbon composite material, a fiberglass composite material, a thermoplastic composite material, or any other material that can provide additional structural rigidity to the midsole or the outsole of a shoe.
In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise a binding polymer matrix and reinforcing fiber. The binding polymer can include, for example, a thermoset material such as polyester, polyolefin, nylon, or polyurethane. In some cases, the reinforcing fiber may comprise one or more carbon fibers. The carbon fibers may comprise a material such as graphite. Other fibers, such as aramids (e.g., Kevlar™), aluminum, or glass fibers can also be used in addition to or in place of the carbon fibers.
In some embodiments, the structure and/or the one or more members of the structure may comprise a plastic material. The plastic material may include, for example, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and the like.
As described elsewhere herein, the structure comprising the one or more members may be integrated with or embedded in a foamed material. The foamed material and the structure embedded in or integrated with the foamed material may collectively form a midsole or an outsole of a golf shoe as presently described.
The structure and the foamed material surrounding or encapsulating the structure may comprise various different materials. In some cases, the structure and the foamed material may have different material properties. In some embodiments, the structure may have a higher melting temperature than the foamed material, which can help to prevent the structure from melting or otherwise deforming when the foamed material is being formed or processed (e.g., physically, chemically, thermally, or optically using one or more electromagnetic waves) in a mold. In some embodiments, the structure may have a greater flexural and/or torsional stiffness or rigidity than the foamed material. In other embodiments, the structure may have a greater compressive strength, tensile strength, or shear strength than the foamed material.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the structure integrated with or embedded in the midsole may have multiple regions with different material properties. The different material properties may include, for example, a hardness, a softness, a stiffness, a rigidity, a tensile strength, or any of the other material properties described elsewhere herein. In some cases, the multiple regions of the internal structure may have a same or similar material composition. In other cases, the multiple regions of the internal structure may have different material compositions.
In some non-limiting embodiments, the structure may comprise a first portion and a second portion. In some cases, the first portion and the second portion may be located in different regions of the midsole. The different regions of the midsole may include, for instance, a forefoot region, a midfoot region, a rearfoot region, a medial side, a lateral side, an anterior end, and/or a posterior end of the midsole. In some cases, the first portion and the second portion may be located in different subregions of the midsole. The different subregions of the midsole may include, for instance, different sections or locations within the various regions (e.g., forefoot, midfoot, rearfoot, lateral, medial, anterior, posterior, etc.) of the midsole. In any of the embodiments described herein, the first portion of the structure and the second portion of the structure may have a different hardness, softness, stiffness, rigidity, and/or tensile strength in order to enhance the overall comfort, fit, and/or performance of the shoes described herein.
In some embodiments, the material properties of various portions of the structure may change or vary depending on the material properties of the respective sections of the midsole in which the structure is embedded or integrated. In some embodiments, a first portion of the structure may be located in a first region of the midsole, and a second portion of the structure may be located in a second region of the midsole. In some embodiments, the first portion of the structure may have a greater hardness, stiffness, rigidity, and/or tensile strength than the second portion of the structure in order to increase or enhance the hardness, stiffness, rigidity, and/or tensile strength of the first region of the midsole relative to the second region of the midsole. In other embodiments, the second portion of the structure may have a greater hardness, stiffness, rigidity, and/or tensile strength than the first portion of the structure in order to increase or enhance the hardness, stiffness, rigidity, and/or tensile strength of the second region of the midsole relative to the first region of the midsole. In any of the embodiments described herein, the material properties of the various portions of the structure may be optimized or adjusted to complement or enhance the material properties of the various regions of the midsole, thereby improving the overall comfort, fit, and/or performance of the shoes described herein.
In some embodiments, the structures described herein may be configured to move (e.g., flex, bend, twist, or otherwise deform along or about one or more axes in three-dimensional space) relative to the midsole or outsole as a subject exerts one or more forces on the midsole or outsole during a golf-related movement. In some cases, the structures may be configured to flex, bend, twist, or otherwise deform in a controlled manner when forces are exerted on the midsole or outsole, in order to provide one or more desired performance characteristics that can aid the subject in performing various golf-related movements.
In some embodiments, the structures may be configured to deform in a controlled manner in order to provide lateral support for a golf-related action. For example, when a subject is walking or running, the structures may be configured to flex to absorb the impact forces exerted on the midsole or outsole. In some cases, a first member of the structure may flex or bend towards a second member of the structure. In other cases, the first member of the structure may flex or bend away from the second member of the structure. In some cases, one or more members of the structure may be configured to flex or bend towards a forefoot, midfoot, and/or rearfoot region of the midsole or outsole. In some cases, one or more members of the structure may be configured to flex or bend towards an upper or lower region of the midsole. In some cases, the one or more members of the structure may be configured to flex or bend towards a lateral and/or medial side of the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the flexing or bending of the structures or the members may provide an elastic spring force that promotes a rolling or a transition of the subject's foot during a walking or running motion. The rolling or transition may occur in a direction between a rearfoot region and a forefoot region of the subject's foot. In some cases, the rolling or transition may occur in a direction between a lateral side and a medial side of the subject's foot.
In some embodiments, the structures disclosed herein may be embedded in or integrated with a midsole or an outsole to enhance a lateral support characteristic of the midsole or the outsole. In some cases, the structure embedded in or integrated with the midsole or outsole may be configured to enhance a lateral support characteristic of the midsole or the outsole. The lateral support characteristic may be associated with a strength of the midsole or the outsole. In some cases, the structure may be configured to provide the midsole or outsole with a compressive strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more. In some cases, the structure may be configured to provide the midsole or outsole with a tensile strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more. In some cases, the structure may be configured to provide the midsole or outsole with a shear strength ranging from about 10 Megapascals (MPa) to about 100 MPa or more.
In some embodiments, the structures may be configured to resist deformation in order to enhance a torsional strength, stiffness, or rigidity of the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the structures may be configured to resist a deformation due to forces exerted on the midsole or outsole. The forces exerted on the midsole or outsole may comprise, for example, lateral or vertical forces and/or torsional or shear forces. Such forces may be exerted on the midsole or outsole during a golf-related action (e.g., a golf swing). In some cases, the forces exerted on the midsole or outsole may be associated with a weight shift or a pivoting of the subject's foot during a backswing or a downswing.
In some embodiments, the structures may be configured to resist a deformation due to compression in one or more directions in three-dimensional space. In some embodiments, the structures may be configured to resist a deformation due to a twisting or a sliding motion along one or more axes in three-dimensional space. In some cases, the structures may be configured to resist deformation in a plurality of directions and/or along one or more axes.
In some cases, the structures may be configured to (i) resist deformation in a first set of directions and/or along a first set of axes and (ii) deform more easily in a second set of directions and/or along a second set of axes (e.g., when a force profile that is exerted on the midsole or outsole changes). In some instances, when a subject is walking on a green or crouching down to line up a shot or, a portion of the structure may be configured to deform or bend in order to allow the subject to comfortably flex various regions of the shoe (e.g., the forefoot and/or midfoot regions of the midsole or outsole) relative to each other. However, when the subject is executing a golf swing and exerting compressive and/or shear stresses on the midsole or outsole, the structures may be configured to resist deformation due to such stresses, thereby stiffening and stabilizing the shoe for maximum performance and control.
In some embodiments, the structures disclosed herein may be embedded in or integrated with a midsole or an outsole to enhance a flexural and/or torsional strength, stiffness, or rigidity of the midsole or the outsole. In some cases, the structure embedded in or integrated with the midsole or outsole may be configured to enhance a flexural and/or torsional strength or rigidity of the midsole or the outsole. In some cases, the midsole or outsole may have a flexural rigidity ranging from about 10 Newton-centimeters (N-cm) to about 100 N-cm or more. In some cases, the midsole or outsole may have a flexural strength ranging from about 100 megapascals (MPa) to about 500 MPa or more. In some cases, the midsole or outsole may have a flexural modulus ranging from about 5,000 MPa to about 10,000 MPa or more. In some cases, the midsole or outsole may have a torsional rigidity ranging from about 10 Newton-centimeters (N-cm) to about 100 N-cm or more. In some cases, the midsole or outsole may have a torsional stiffness ranging from about 10 Newton-centimeters per degree (N-cm/deg) to about 100 N-cm/deg or more. In some cases, the midsole or outsole may have a torsional shear modulus ranging from about 0.1 MPa to about 100 MPa or more.
In some embodiments, the structures may be configured to absorb and distribute forces exerted on the midsole or outsole during a golf-related action or movement in order to stabilize and control a subject's foot while maximizing traction and grip. In some cases, the one or more members of the presently disclosed structures may be configured to distribute forces exerted on the sole assembly or a portion thereof to a plurality of regions of the golf shoe, thereby enhancing a stability and a traction of the golf shoe. The plurality of regions may comprise, for example, a lateral forefoot, midfoot, or rearfoot region of the golf shoe and/or a medial forefoot, midfoot, or rearfoot region of the golf shoe. In some cases, the one or more members may be configured to distribute forces exerted on the sole assembly or a portion thereof to two or more different sides, sections, or quadrants of the golf shoe. In some cases, the one or more members may be configured to selectively distribute the forces exerted on the sole assembly or a portion thereof to one or more traction elements of the golf shoe. The traction elements may be aligned with a vector corresponding to a direction in which a force is distributed or redirected by the members of the structure.
In some embodiments, the structure may be attachable or fixable to a mold corresponding to the midsole or the outsole in order to fix a position and an orientation of the structure within the mold such that the structure is at least partially covered or encapsulated by a molding agent and a foaming agent during a molding process based on the mold. In some cases, the mold may comprise a single 1:1 scale mold that is usable to simultaneously or concurrently (i) form a foamed material of a midsole or outsole and (ii) integrate a structure (e.g., an endoskeleton) in the foamed material.
In some cases, the structure may be configured to interface with a surface feature of the mold. In some cases, the surface feature may comprise (1) a protrusion or a depression disposed on a surface of a cavity of the mold or (2) a sidewall of the mold.
In some cases, the structure itself may comprise a surface feature for interfacing with a mold. In some cases, the surface feature of the structure may comprise (1) a protrusion or a depression disposed on a surface or a portion of the structure or (2) a side or a curvature of one or more members of the structure. In some cases, the structure may comprise a surface feature that is complementary to a corresponding surface feature of the mold. The complementary surface features of the structure and the mold may be configured to fix a position or an orientation of the structure within the mold.
In some embodiments, the sole assembly may comprise one or more negative regions or cavities corresponding to a surface feature (e.g., a guide pin or a positioning pin) of a midsole or outsole mold. The one or more negative regions or cavities may be formed in the sole assembly when a guide pin or positioning pin is used to fix the position and/or orientation of the structure within the mold. In some cases, the one or more negative regions or cavities can be at least partially filled with a filler material after the sole assembly is fabricated or produced. In some cases, the negative regions or cavities can be sized and shaped to enhance a structural or material property of the midsole or the outsole. The structural or material property may comprise, for example, stiffness, strength, rigidity, flex, and/or level of support or cushioning.
In some embodiments, if a guide pin or positioning pin is used to fix the position or orientation of the structure in the mold, the manufacturing process for the sole assembly may involve removing or repositioning the guide pin or positioning pin after the structure is initially fixed in place. In such cases, the sole assembly may be formed with the structure integrated or embedded therein, and without any negative regions or cavities in the midsole or outsole layer of the sole assembly.
In some embodiments, the structure to be embedded in the sole assembly may be affixed to the midsole or outsole mold (e.g., the sidewalls of the mold) using a snap fit or a form fit configuration. In such cases, the sole assembly may not or need not comprise one or more negative regions or cavities corresponding to a complementary protrusion provided on a surface of the mold.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a mold for fabricating a golf shoe comprising a sole assembly with a structure embedded in or integrated with a midsole or outsole portion of the sole assembly.
In some embodiments, the mold may comprise one or more surface features configured to (i) interface with an insert for a midsole or an outsole of a shoe and (ii) secure the insert in a predetermined position and orientation in the mold to enhance a structural or material property of the midsole or the outsole. The structural or material property may comprise, for example, a stiffness, a strength, or a rigidity of the midsole or outsole. In some cases, the structural or material property may comprise a level of support or cushioning provided by the midsole or outsole. In some embodiments, the mold may further comprise a cavity for receiving a molding agent and a foaming agent to directly produce the midsole or the outsole with the insert embedded therein.
In some embodiments, the mold may comprise one or more surface features. In some cases, the one or more surface features may be configured to fix the position and the orientation of the insert to facilitate a flow of the molding agent and the foaming agent around at least a portion of the insert during a molding process based on the mold. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise, for example, a depression (e.g., a cavity, an aperture, a hole, a groove, etc.). In other embodiments, the one or more surface feature may comprise a protrusion (e.g., a bump, a raised feature, etc.). In some cases, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more positioning or guide pins disposed on a portion of the mold (e.g., a surface of a cavity of the mold). In other cases, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more sidewalls of the mold.
In some embodiments, the mold may comprise a cavity for receiving a molding agent and a foaming agent to directly produce the midsole or the outsole with the insert embedded therein. In some cases, the cavity may comprise a flow path for the molding agent and foaming agent. In some cases, the one or more surface features described above may be configured to position and/or orient the insert along the flow path so that the molding agent and/or the foaming agent can at least partially cover or encapsulate the insert (e.g., during a molding process).
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a golf shoe comprising a structure embedded within a sole assembly of the golf shoe. The structure may be embedded within the sole assembly of the golf shoe during a manufacturing process for a midsole and/or an outsole of the golf shoe.
The presently disclosed methods may be used to encapsulate (in a midsole and/or outsole) complex three-dimensional (3D) structures that would not otherwise be insertable or embeddable in a sole assembly using traditional molding methods and/or traditional manufacturing assembly methods. Examples of such 3D structures can include, for example, lattice structures as described in detail above. In some cases, the presently disclosed methods may also be used to encapsulate additively manufactured parts (e.g., 3D printed parts) during a molding and foaming process. In other cases, the methods of the present disclosure may be used to encapsulate machined parts (or any other parts formed using a subtractive manufacturing process). In some cases, the presently disclosed methods may be used to encapsulate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) parts and/or composite parts with various complex shapes, such as those described and referenced elsewhere herein. In some cases, the TPU parts may include, for example, injected TPU plastic parts, molded TPU plastic parts, extruded TPU plastic parts, machined TPU plastic parts, and/or 3D printed TPU plastic parts. In some cases, the composite parts may include, for example, injected composite parts, molded composite parts, extruded composite parts, machined composite parts, and/or 3D printed composite parts.
Traditionally, in order to have a structure embedded inside a midsole or outsole, the various different components, parts, sections, or layers of the midsole or outsole would need to be molded separately. The various different components, parts, sections, or layers of the midsole or outsole may include, for example, a top portion or layer of the midsole or outsole, a bottom portion or layer of the midsole or outsole, and/or an insert or endoskeleton that is embedded in or integrated with the midsole or outsole. In many cases, each discrete component, part, section, or layer of the midsole or outsole may require a specific set of tooling, which can be cumbersome and costly to design, implement, and manage. Further, after molding the various components or parts, the individual components and parts of the midsole or outsole would need to be assembled, which can involve additional manufacturing steps that are costly and time intensive and/or labor intensive.
The present disclosure provides a streamlined and efficient method for directly producing a midsole or outsole comprising a structure embedded therein. In some cases, the midsole or outsole comprising the structure embedded therein can be manufactured in a single molding step and/or using a single mold. The presently disclosed methods for directly producing midsoles or outsoles with embedded structures can be implemented to increase manufacturing capacities of factories and production lines, and facilitate the rapid and efficient production of shoes to meet or exceed product demand and/or production targets within shortened time frames.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a golf shoe having a structure embedded in the midsole or outsole of the golf shoe. The method may comprise placing the structure in a cavity region of a midsole or outsole mold and initiating a foaming process. The foaming process may involve flowing a molding agent and/or a foaming agent around at least a portion of the structure. The foaming agent may interact with the molding agent to form at least a portion of the midsole or outsole of the golf shoe. The portion of the midsole or outsole of the golf shoe that is formed using the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may at least partially encapsulate or cover the structure placed in the cavity region of the midsole or outsole mold prior to the foaming process. In some cases, the portion of the midsole or outsole of the golf shoe formed using the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may fully encapsulate or cover the structure. In such cases, the structure may be fully embedded or integrated within the foamed material that is formed during the foaming process.
The methods of the present disclosure address several disadvantages associated with conventional golf shoe fabrication methods, which utilize traditional molds (e.g., for EVA foams) that are designed at a smaller size to account for the expansion rate of the foamed material during the foaming process. Unlike other conventional methods (which require waiting for the EVA to fully expand before integrating an insert with the EVA material, making it infeasible or impractical to insert a 1:1 scale insert in a smaller size mold), the methods of the present disclosure leverage the capabilities of 1:1 scale molding to enable a manufacturing process in which a true to size structure can be placed in a 1:1 scale midsole or outsole mold to directly produce a golf shoe with a midsole or outsole having the structure integrated therein. The midsole or outsole having the structure integrated therein may be produced in a single molding process. As described elsewhere herein, the molding process may involve flowing a molding agent and/or a foaming agent around at least a portion of the structure to at least partially cover or encapsulate the structure. The presently disclosed methods for manufacturing golf shoes may be implemented to fabricate insert designs that are not achievable with traditional EVA foaming processes (including the insert designs presently disclosed). The presently disclosed methods for manufacturing golf shoes may also enable cost-effective manufacturing and minimize tooling expenses compared to traditional stock fit assembly methods, since the present methods can be used to produce a final part (e.g., a midsole or outsole with a structure integrated therein) directly from a single mold, without any post molding manufacturing operation to stock fit the parts together.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a golf shoe. The method may comprise providing a 1:1 scale mold. As used herein, a 1:1 scale mold may comprise a mold that is configured to produce a foamed material corresponding in size and shape to a cavity of the mold. The size and shape of the mold cavity may correspond to the final size and shape of the foamed material. In some cases, shape of the foamed material and the shape of the mold cavity may comprise similar shapes. In some cases, a difference or variation in a corresponding dimension of the foamed material and a corresponding dimension of the mold cavity may be within about 10% or less.
In some embodiments, the method may further comprise providing a structure (e.g., an insert or an endoskeleton) in a midsole or outsole mold. In some cases, the structure may be fixed or secured at a predetermined distance from a surface of the mold cavity so that the structure “floats” inside the mold. In some cases, the structure may be fixed or coupled to the mold using positioning pins. The positioning pins may be disposed on the structure itself. Alternatively, the positioning pins may be disposed on a surface of the mold. In some cases, the structure may be fixed or coupled to one or more features of the mold. The one or more features may include, for example, a sidewall of the mold (or any other structural component or feature of the mold or mold cavity).
In some embodiments, the method may involve providing a molding agent and/or a foaming agent to the mold. The method may involve providing the molding agent and/or the foaming agent according to one or more parameters. The molding agent and/or the foaming agent may flow around and encapsulate the structure to form a foamed material surrounding the structure.
In some embodiments, the method may comprise controlling an operation of a molding machine or a molding system to create a molded midsole or outsole having an internal structure embedded therein. The operation of the molding machine or molding system may be controlled by adjusting the one or more parameters referenced above. In some non-limiting embodiments, the one or more parameters may comprise various molding parameters that can be adjusted to control a molding processing. The molding parameters may include, for example, a flow rate of the molding agent or the foaming agent, a flow direction of the molding agent or the foaming agent relative to the internal structure, or a flow pattern of the molding agent or foaming agent throughout the mold cavity. In any of the embodiments described herein, the various molding parameters may be controlled using a processing unit (e.g., a computer, a processor, a logic circuit, etc.). The processing unit may be configured to control or adjust an operation of the molding machine or molding system based on the one or more molding parameters. In some cases, the one or more molding parameters may be set by an operator of the molding machine or molding system. In other cases, the one or more molding parameters may be set by an algorithm or an artificial intelligence or machine learning based system.
In some embodiments, one or more nozzles may be used to provide the molding agent and/or the foaming agent. In some embodiments, the one or more nozzles providing the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be configured to spray or inject the molding agent and/or the foaming agent into one or more target regions in a cavity of the mold. In other embodiments, the one or more nozzles providing the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be configured to pour the molding agent and/or the foaming agent into one or more target regions in a cavity of the mold (e.g., in cases where the midsole is created using a polymeric material such as polyurethane, which can be flowed into the mold cavity). In any of the embodiments described herein, the position and/or the orientation of the nozzles may be controlled or modulated using a drive unit (e.g., a motor) and/or based on one or more inputs from an operator controlling the operation of the one or more nozzles or any other computer or machinery operatively coupled to the one or more nozzles.
In some embodiments, the method may involve molding the midsole or outsole from the foamed material and the structure provided within the mold used to shape the foamed material for the midsole or outsole. The molding may comprise, for example, injection molding or compression molding. In some cases, the molding may involve concurrently (i) forming the foamed material in the shape of a midsole or outsole and (ii) integrating or embedding the structure in the foamed material.
In some embodiments, the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be provided to the mold by way of a single shot operation (e.g., a single shot injection) or a multi-shot operation (e.g., a multi shot injection). In some embodiments, the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be poured or flowed into the mold. In some embodiments, the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be injected into a single location or region in the mold. In other embodiments, the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be injected into multiple locations or regions in the mold. In some cases, the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be injected into the multiple locations or regions in the mold simultaneously or concurrently. In other cases, the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may be injected into multiple locations or regions in the mold in series or in succession.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the sole material formed using the molding agent and/or the foaming agent may have a plurality of regions with different material properties. In some embodiments, the different material properties may include, for example, a hardness, a softness, a stiffness (e.g., flexural stiffness or torsional stiffness), a rigidity, a tensile strength, or any of the other material properties described herein. In some non-limiting embodiments, a forefoot region of the sole material may have a greater hardness, stiffness, or tensile strength than a midfoot region and/or a rearfoot region of the sole material. In some non-limiting embodiments, a hardness, stiffness, or tensile strength of the sole material may gradually change or vary across a dimension of the sole material. The dimension of the sole material may include, for example, a length, a width, and/or a depth of the sole material.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a sole assembly with an internal structure. The method may comprise providing a mold for producing a midsole or an outsole of the sole assembly. The mold may comprise any of the characteristics or features described herein with respect to molds. Alternatively, or in addition, the mold may have any characteristics or properties relating to any features (e.g., surface features) or components of the molds presently described in this disclosure.
In some embodiments, the method may further comprise securing the internal structure to the mold or a surface feature of the mold. The internal structure may be secured to the mold using various surface features (e.g., guide pins, positioning pins, protrusions, depressions, etc.) or by way of a snap fit or form fit attachment. The securing of the internal structure to the mold may involve fixing the position and orientation of the internal structure to facilitate the embedding or encapsulation of the internal structure within a foamed material.
In some embodiments, the method may further comprise providing a composition comprising a molding agent and a foaming agent to the mold to produce the midsole or outsole with the internal structure at least partially embedded therein. In some cases, the midsole or outsole with the internal structure at least partially embedded therein may be produced or fabricated in a single manufacturing step. The single manufacturing step may comprise a manufacturing step that can be performed using a single mold. The single mold may comprise, for example, a 1:1 scale mold as described elsewhere herein.
In some cases, providing the composition comprising the molding agent and the foaming agent to the mold may involve flowing the composition around the internal structure to surround or encapsulate the internal structure. Flowing the composition around the internal structure may involve flowing the composition towards one or more sides or surfaces of the internal structure. The angle at which various particles of the composition impinge or impact the side(s) or surface(s) of the internal structure may range from 0 degrees to about 90 degrees or more.
In some cases, flowing the composition around the internal structure may involve flowing the composition towards a plurality of sides or surfaces of the internal structure simultaneously. In some cases, the composition may be flowed towards (i) a first side or surface at a first angle and (ii) a second side or surface at a second angle. In some cases, the first side or surface and the second side or surface may be adjacent to one another. In other cases, the first side or surface and the second side or surface may be located apart or remote from each other. In some cases, the first angle may be the same as the second angle. In other cases, the first angle and the second angle may be different.
In some cases, flowing the composition around the internal structure may involve flowing the composition towards a plurality of sides or surfaces of the internal structure sequentially. In some cases, the composition may be flowed towards (i) a first side or surface at a first time instance and (ii) a second side or surface at a second time instance. In some cases, the first side or surface and the second side or surface may be adjacent to one another. In other cases, the first side or surface and the second side or surface may be located apart or remote from each other.
In any of the embodiments described herein, surrounding or encapsulating the internal structure with the composition comprising the molding agent and the foaming agent may result in a foaming process that occurs around the internal structure and within the mold for the midsole or the outsole. The foaming process may produce a foamed material from the molding agent. The foamed material may form at least a portion of the midsole or outsole. The portion of the midsole or outsole that is formed from the foamed material may comprise a size and a shape that is complementary to a size and a shape of any of the internal structures described herein. The portion of the midsole or outsole that is formed from the foamed material may surround or encapsulate the internal structures of the present disclosure, either partially or entirely.
In some cases, the foaming process may produce the foamed material from the molding agent. In some cases, the foaming agent may interact (physically and/or chemically) with the molding agent to produce a foamed material comprising one or more cells or cell structures. In some cases, the mold used to receive the composition comprising the molding agent and the foaming agent may be configured to release or vent any pressure buildup that may occur as a result of the foaming process, to ensure that the size and shape of the resulting foamed material corresponds to the size and shape of the mold or mold cavity.
In any of the embodiments described herein, producing the midsole or the outsole may not or need not involve expanding the composition or the molding agent in the mold. As described above, the mold may be configured to release or vent pressure buildup during the foaming process to ensure that the size and shape of the resulting foamed material corresponds to the size and shape of the mold or mold cavity. Utilizing the molds having the features described herein may allow manufacturers to utilize true to size inserts during a 1:1 scale molding operation, which can greatly simplify and accelerate the process of creating a midsole having a structure embedded therein. In any of the embodiments described herein, the midsole or outsole having the embedded or integrated internal structure can be produced using a single mold, and without any post molding manufacturing operation to embed or integrate the internal structure with the midsole or the outsole.
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for constructing the golf shoes of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the method may comprise constructing an upper. In some cases, the upper may comprise an insole or an insole component as described elsewhere herein. In some cases, various parts or components may be stitched, glued, or otherwise attached together to form the upper. In some embodiments, a footbed of the upper may be positioned above an insole board of the upper. In some embodiments, the insole board may be positioned between the footbed and the midsole of the shoe. In some embodiments, the upper may be connected or fused to the midsole using a cement assembly process.
In some embodiments, the method may comprise constructing a sole assembly. In some cases, the sole assembly may comprise a midsole and/or an outsole. In some cases, at least one of the midsole or the outsole may comprise an internal structure that is integrated with or embedded in the midsole or outsole. The internal structure may be integrated with or embedded in the midsole or the outsole by (1) placing the internal structure in a cavity of a mold corresponding to the midsole or the outsole and (2) flowing a molding agent and a foaming agent around the internal structure to encapsulate the internal structure in a foamed material that is produced from an interaction between the molding agent and the foaming agent. In some cases, the interaction may comprise a foaming process that produces one or more cells or cell structures that impart various favorable properties to the foamed material (e.g., to enhance stability or traction for golf-related actions or movements). In some embodiments, the method may involve venting or releasing a pressure build up that occurs during the foaming process, to ensure that (i) the resulting foamed material corresponds to a size and a shape of the mold, and (ii) the internal structure placed in the mold is properly sized for the foamed midsole or outsole that is produced in the mold.
In some embodiments, at least a portion of the sole assembly may comprise two or more distinct parts that are formed and integrated together in a single molding step. The two or more distinct parts may include, for example, a foamed material forming a portion of the midsole, a foamed material forming a portion of the outsole, and/or the internal structure to be embedded in the foamed material forming a portion of the midsole or the outsole. In some cases, the two or more distinct parts may comprise parts that have different material properties. In some cases, the two or more distinct parts may comprise parts that are made of different materials and/or made at different times or using different processes. In any of the embodiments described herein, the internal structure may be fabricated first before being placed in a mold corresponding to the midsole or the outsole in order to produce the midsole or the outsole with the internal structure integrated or embedded therein. In any of the embodiments described herein, the integration or embedding of the internal structure in the midsole or the outsole may occur in a single molding step in which the foamed material of the midsole or the outsole is also created concurrently or in parallel.
In some embodiments, constructing the shoe may comprise attaching the insole footbed or the insole board to the midsole or the upper. In some embodiments, the insole board may be bonded to the top surface of the midsole. In some cases, portions of the insole (e.g., a lasting board or an insole board) may be attached or otherwise fixed or coupled to a portion of the upper using a lasting process (e.g., a single lasting process or a double lasting process), a Strobel construction method, and/or a gasket hotmelt.
In some embodiments, the method may comprise assembling an outsole to the midsole. In some cases, at least a portion or a section of the bottom surface of the midsole may be bonded to a top surface of the outsole (e.g., using adhesives, glues, cements, fasteners, or any other attachment mechanisms or techniques).
In some embodiments, the method may comprise attaching the sole assembly to the upper. In some cases, prior to attachment to the sole assembly, the upper may be pulled onto a last, and a lasting board may be attached to the upper with an adhesive. The lasting board may then be attached to the sole assembly (e.g., with an adhesive, glue, or cement) to form the golf shoe.
In some alternative embodiments, the method may comprise attaching a material onto an open bottom of the upper, effectively closing off the open bottom of the upper to create a sock-like construction. In some embodiments, the method may further comprise attaching a portion of the upper (e.g., the insole footbed or the insole board) to a portion or a component of the sole assembly (e.g., the midsole and/or the outsole) to form the golf shoe.
In any of the embodiments described herein, the resulting sole assembly may provide an optimal combination of support, structural rigidity, stability, and flex characteristics. For example, a shoe with a sole assembly comprising the internal structures described herein may be able to provide the golfer with a comfortable and stable platform that structurally supports the golfer's feet during a golf-related action or movement while retaining an optimal or desired stiffness and flex characteristic.
Referring to
In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a shoe comprising an upper component, an insole component, a midsole component, and/or an outsole component. In some embodiments, the method may comprise forming one or more components of the shoe using a mold. In some embodiments, the method may comprise integrating or co-molding the one or more components of the shoe with another component or sub-assembly of the shoe as the one or more components are being formed or created within the mold.
In some cases, the method may comprise positioning an upper component, an insole component, and/or an outsole component of the shoe in a mold that is usable to create a midsole component of the shoe. In some cases, the method may comprise forming the midsole component while the upper component, insole component, and/or outsole component are positioned in the mold. In some cases, the midsole component may be formable using one or more source materials injected into the mold, and the selective positioning of the upper, insole, and/or outsole component within the mold may allow the midsole component to integrate with the upper, insole, and/or outsole as the midsole component is being formed.
In some cases, the method may comprise providing one or more source materials to the midsole mold to form a midsole component for the shoe. In some cases, the one or more source materials may be flowed, injected, or poured into the midsole mold to form a midsole component comprising the one or more source materials. In some cases, the one or more source materials may comprise one or more sole materials. In some cases, the one or more sole materials may be used to form a midsole component and/or a footbed component of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more source materials may comprise a foamable material or any of the foam materials described elsewhere herein.
In some cases, the method may comprise providing the one or more source materials to the midsole mold to simultaneously (i) form the midsole component comprising the one or more source materials and (ii) integrate the midsole component with at least one of the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component, to yield an integrally formed subassembly comprising the midsole component and at least one of the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component. In some cases, the upper, insole, and/or outsole component may be integrated with the midsole component as the midsole component is being formed within the midsole mold. In some cases, the method may comprise providing the one or more source materials to the midsole mold to simultaneously form (i) a midsole comprising the one or more source materials and (ii) an integrally formed subassembly comprising the midsole and at least one of the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component.
In some cases, the midsole component may be integrated with the upper, insole, and/or outsole component without using any cements or adhesives. In some cases, the upper, insole, and/or outsole component may be integrated with the midsole component without using any cements or adhesives. In some cases, the one or more source materials used to form the midsole component may not or need not include any cements or adhesives.
In some cases, the upper component, insole component, and/or outsole component may comprise one or more surface features 1050. In some cases, the one or more surface features 1050 may be configured to mechanically interlock with a portion of the midsole component. In some cases, the one or more surface features 1050 may provide additional surface areas that the one or more injected source materials can be foamed around or over in order to interlock the midsole component with the upper, insole, and/or outsole component(s) as the midsole component is being formed. In some embodiments, the method may further comprise flowing the one or more source materials over, across, along, or through the one or more surface features 1050 to form a midsole component with a portion or a layer that is interlaced with and physically coupled to the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component. In some cases, the midsole material may be configured to extend through the one or more surface features to interlace a portion or a section of the midsole component with the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component.
In some embodiments, the method may further comprise forming a footbed component 1060 inside or within the upper component. In some embodiments, the footbed component 1060 may be formed as part of the manufacturing process for the midsole component of the shoe. In some embodiments, the footbed component 1060 may be formed as the midsole component is being formed.
In some embodiments, the footbed component may be formed by flowing the one or more source materials through one or more apertures or holes that are in fluid communication with an interior region of the upper component. In some cases, the one or more apertures or holes may be provided in the upper component 1010. In some cases, the one or more apertures or holes may be provided in an insole component 1040 that is positioned underneath or below the upper component to enclose or at least partially enclose a bottom opening of the upper component. In some embodiments, the one or more source materials may be flowed (i) through one or more apertures or holes in the upper component and/or one or more apertures or holes in the insole component and (ii) into the interior region of the upper component so that the source material(s) can form a footbed that is disposed within the interior region of the upper component.
In some embodiments, one or more source materials may be injected into the mold to form (i) the midsole component and (ii) the footbed component. In some cases, the one or more source materials may be injected into a void within the mold that is positioned between the outsole component 1120 and the insole component 1140 of the shoe. In some cases, the void may correspond to a size, shape, volume, and/or profile of the midsole component of the shoe. In some cases, the insole component 1140 may have one or more holes or apertures in fluid communication with (i) the void for forming the midsole and (ii) the open space between the bottom surface of the last and the bottom of the upper or the upper surface of the insole. In some cases, the one or more source materials injected into the mold may flow upwards from (i) the void for forming the midsole to (ii) the open space between the bottom surface of the last and the bottom of the upper or the upper surface of the insole, to fill the open space and form the footbed component 1160 of the shoe.
In some embodiments, one or more source materials may be injected into or through one or more shoe components positioned within the mold to form (i) the midsole component and (ii) the footbed component. In some cases, the one or more source materials may be injected directly into the interior region of the upper component 1110. In some cases, the one or more source materials may be injected through one or more holes or apertures provided in the upper component 1110. In some cases, the one or more holes or apertures in the upper may be in fluid communication with the open space between (i) the bottom surface of the last and (ii) the bottom of the upper or the upper surface of the insole. In some cases, the one or more source materials may flow into the open space between the bottom surface of the last and the bottom of the upper or the upper surface of the insole, in order to fill the open space and form the footbed component 1160 of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more source materials may flow downwards through one or more holes or apertures in the insole component 1140, and into the void disposed between the outsole component 1120 and the insole component 1140 of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more source materials may flow through the one or more holes or apertures in the insole component 1140 and fill the midsole void between the outsole component and the insole component of the shoe in order to form the midsole component 1130 of the shoe.
In some embodiments, the one or more injected source materials may flow around or through one or more surface features 1150 disposed on the insole component 1140 and/or the outsole component 1120 of the shoe. As described in further detail below, the one or more surface features 1150 may be configured to provide additional surface areas for the source materials to foam around, over, or through to create various points of mechanical interlock between the midsole component and the insole and/or outsole components.
In some embodiments, one or more source materials may be provided through one or more channels in the last which lead to a bottom or lower portion of the interior region of the upper. In some embodiments, the one or more source materials may be injected or flowed through the one or more channels in the last and over or around the bottom interior region of the upper to form the footbed component 1260. In some cases, the one or more source materials may be directed to fill the spacing between the last and the bottom of the upper or the top of the insole to form the footbed component 1260 within the spacing.
As shown in
Referring now to
In some embodiments, the last 1490 may comprise one or more posts 1470 arranged along the bottom surface of the last 1490. In some embodiments, the one or more posts 1470 may be configured to extend downwards from the bottom surface of the last 1490 to engage the bottom of the upper or the upper surface of the insole to keep the upper and/or insole in a fixed position and/or a fixed orientation as the footbed is being formed within the interior region of the upper.
In some embodiments (e.g., as shown in
In some cases, the bottom surface of the last may have one or more cavities or recessed regions. In some cases, the one or more cavities or recessed regions may be configured to define a shape or a profile of the footbed. In some cases, one or more source materials may be provided to fill at least a portion of the one or more cavities or recessed regions in order to form the footbed.
In some cases, the first set of apertures or holes 1541 and the second set of apertures or holes 1542 may have different shapes and/or sizes. In some cases, the apertures or holes within the first set of apertures or holes 1541 may be larger than the apertures or holes within the second set of apertures or holes 1542. In some cases, the first set of apertures or holes 1541 may have a diameter ranging from about 10 millimeter (mm) to about 50 mm or more. In some cases, the second set of apertures or holes 1542 may have a diameter ranging from about 1 millimeter (mm) to about 10 mm or more.
In some non-limiting embodiments, the upper component 1510 may comprise one or more apertures or holes 1515 providing a fluidic pathway between an interior region of the upper and a midsole region of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more apertures or holes 1515 may be provided on or along a lower portion of the upper that is proximal to a bite line region of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more apertures or holes 1515 may provide a fluidic pathway between a midsole region of the shoe and a footbed region of the shoe, so that the one or more source materials used to form the midsole and the footbed can extend through the apertures or holes 1515 to create a stronger mechanical interlock between the upper component, the footbed component, and/or the midsole component of the shoe.
In some cases, the insole component 1740 may have one or more apertures or holes 1741 providing a fluidic pathway between the footbed region of the shoe and a cavity within the midsole mold that is fillable with one or more source materials to form the midsole component 1730 of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more apertures or holes 1741 may allow the one or more source materials to flow between the midsole region and the footbed region of the shoe so that the midsole component 1730 and the footbed component 1760 can be formed in a single manufacturing step or direct injection process.
As described elsewhere herein, in some embodiments, an outsole component 1720 may be positioned within the midsole mold. In some cases, the outsole component 1720 may be positioned at a predetermined distance from the upper component 1710 or the insole component 1740 to provide a space that can be filled with the one or more source materials to form the midsole component 1730. In some cases, the outsole component 1720 may comprise one or more surface features 1750 that can be used to mechanically interlock the outsole component 1720 with the midsole component 1730 as the midsole component 1730 is being formed (e.g., by way of a physical foaming process or a direct injection manufacturing method as described elsewhere herein). In some cases, the insole component may not or need not have any surface features, and the extension of the one or more source materials through the insole component 1740 may form a network of material connecting and mechanically interlocking the footbed and the midsole together.
In some embodiments, the methods disclosed herein may be used to manufacture one or more articles of footwear. In some non-limiting embodiments, the one or more articles of footwear may include an article of footwear such as the one shown in
In some embodiments, the article of footwear may comprise an upper component 1810. In some cases, the upper component 1810 may comprise one or more layers or panels of material configured to extend around or over a subject's foot.
In some cases, the upper may comprise a textile material, a natural or synthetic fabric material, a mesh material, a natural or synthetic leather material, a knit or woven material, or a non-woven material. In some cases, the upper may comprise a breathable material. In some cases, the upper may comprise a water-resistant or waterproof material. In some cases, the upper may comprise a breathable and waterproof or water-resistant material. In some cases, the upper may comprise a permeable material, a semi-permeable or selectively permeable material, or an impermeable material.
In some cases, the upper may have a top opening for receiving a subject's foot. In some cases, the top opening may lead to an interior region or volume of the upper. In some cases, the bottom of the upper may be enclosed using a board or an insole component as described elsewhere herein. In some cases, the upper material and the board or insole component may be attached together (e.g., by way of stitching) to form an enclosed or partially enclosed interior region within the upper. In some cases, the enclosed or partially enclosed interior region may be volumetrically sized and shaped to accommodate a subject's foot.
In some cases, the upper component may be extended around or over a last during a manufacturing process for the article of footwear. In some cases, the enclosed or partially enclosed interior region or volume of the upper component 1810 may be sized and shaped using the last.
In some cases, the upper may be detachably fixed or coupled to the last to set a position and/or an orientation of the upper so that the upper remains fixed in place as one or more other shoe components are being formed and/or integrated together. In some embodiments, the upper component may comprise one or more select regions configured to engage one or more posts provided on the last, in order to secure the upper in a desired position or orientation as (i) a footbed component is being formed within the upper component or (ii) a midsole component is being formed and integrated with the upper, the footbed, or the insole component of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more select regions may correspond to one or more areas or regions of the upper that come into contact with one or more positioning posts extending from the last. In some non-limiting embodiments, the one or more select regions may include one or more surface features for engaging one or more positioning posts extending from the last. In some cases, the one or more surface features may include, for example, one or more cavities, recesses, apertures, holes, or depressions configured to engage the posts or positioning pins on the last.
In some embodiments, the article of footwear may comprise an insole component 1840 extending under the upper component 1810. In some cases, the insole component 1840 may be configured to enclose or cover the bottom of the upper to form an enclosed or partially enclosed interior region within the upper for receiving and accommodating a subject's foot. In some cases, the insole component 1840 may be attached, joined, or coupled to the upper material (e.g., using stitches) to form the enclosed or partially enclosed interior region within the upper.
In some cases, the insole component 1840 may comprise a stiff or rigid component configured to provide additional support, stability, balance, or control characteristics to the article of footwear. In some embodiments, the insole component may comprise a board that is positionable between the upper component and the midsole component. In some cases, the board may comprise an insole board, an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) board, a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) strobel board, or any other type of board that can be used to provide additional support, stability, balance, or control for golf-related actions or movements.
In some non-limiting embodiments, the board may comprise one or more holes or apertures 1841 providing a fluidic path between the midsole region and the footbed region of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more holes or apertures 1841 may be in fluid communication with one or more channels extending through the board. In some cases, the one or more channels may be configured to direct a flow or an injection of one or more source materials between (i) an interior region of the upper and (ii) a void in the midsole mold, to allow the source materials to flow downwards from the interior region of the upper and into the void so that the source materials can fill the void to form the midsole component of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more channels may be configured to direct a flow or an injection of source materials between (i) a void in the midsole mold and (ii) an interior region of the upper, to allow the source materials to flow upwards from the void and into the interior region of the upper so that the source materials can partially fill the bottom interior region of the upper to form the footbed component of the shoe.
In some cases, the insole may comprise a same material as the outsole of the shoe. In some cases, the insole and the outsole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the insole and the outsole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the insole and the outsole may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, the insole may comprise a same material as the midsole of the shoe. In some cases, the insole and the midsole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the insole and the midsole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the insole and the midsole may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, the insole may comprise a same material as the footbed of the shoe. In some cases, the insole and the footbed may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the insole and the footbed may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the insole and the footbed may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some embodiments, the article of footwear may comprise an outsole component 1820. The outsole component 1820 may include one or more traction elements or traction members for engaging a surface under the outsole component 1820. In some cases, the one or more traction elements or traction members may include one or more spikes or cleats. In some cases, the one or more traction elements or traction members may include one or more spikeless traction elements or members. In some cases, the one or more traction elements or traction members may include any of the traction elements or members disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 18/133,841 and/or U.S. patent Application Ser. No. 18/133,857, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
In some embodiments, the outsole component 1820 may be placed within the midsole mold for forming the midsole component of the shoe, to position the outsole component for integration with the midsole component as the midsole component is being formed. In some cases, the top surface of the outsole component 1820 may comprise one or more surface features 1850 configured to facilitate a mechanical interlock between the outsole component 1820 and the midsole component 1830 as the midsole is being formed around, over, and/or through the one or more surface features 1850. In some cases, the bottom surface of the outsole component 1820 may comprise one or more traction elements or traction members as described or referenced herein.
In some cases, the outsole may comprise a same material as the midsole of the shoe. In some cases, the outsole and the midsole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the outsole and the midsole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the outsole and the midsole may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, the outsole may comprise a same material as the insole of the shoe. In some cases, the outsole and the insole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the outsole and the insole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the outsole and the insole may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, the outsole may comprise a same material as the footbed of the shoe. In some cases, the outsole and the footbed may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the outsole and the footbed may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the outsole and the footbed may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some embodiments, the article of footwear may comprise a midsole component 1830 comprising one or more sole materials. In some embodiments, the midsole component 1830 may be formed by injecting one or more source materials into a void within the midsole mold. In some cases, the one or more source materials may comprise the one or more sole materials forming the midsole component 1830. The one or more sole materials may comprise or include any of the midsole materials described or referenced elsewhere herein. The one or more sole materials may not or need not include any cements or adhesives.
In some cases, one or more source materials may be injected into a midsole mold to form the midsole component 1830. In some cases, the one or more source materials may be formed into a midsole component 1830 that is integrated with or integrally formed with the upper component 1810, the insole component 1840, and/or the outsole component 1820 of the shoe. In some cases, the upper component, insole component, and/or outsole component may be placed in the midsole mold so that the midsole component can be integrated with the upper, insole, and/or outsole as the midsole is being formed. In some embodiments, the midsole component 1830 may be integrated with the upper component 1810, the insole component 1840, and/or the outsole component 1820 without using any cements or adhesives.
In some cases, the midsole may comprise a same material as the outsole of the shoe. In some cases, the midsole and the outsole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the midsole and the outsole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the midsole and the outsole may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, the midsole may comprise a same material as the insole of the shoe. In some cases, the midsole and the insole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the midsole and the insole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the midsole and the insole may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, the midsole may comprise a same material as the footbed of the shoe. In some cases, the midsole and the footbed may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the midsole and the footbed may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the midsole and the footbed may comprise one or more different materials or different types of materials.
In some embodiments, the article of footwear may comprise a footbed 1860 for supporting a subject's foot. In some cases, the footbed 1860 may be provided within the upper component 1810 and above the insole component 1840. In some embodiments, the footbed 1860 may be formed along the bottom interior region of the upper. In some cases, the footbed may be formed in a space between the bottom surface of the last and the bottom of the upper. In some cases, the bottom surface of the last may have one or more cavities or recessed regions configured to define a shape or a profile of the footbed, and one or more source materials may be provided to fill the one or more cavities or recessed regions in order to form the footbed. In some cases, the footbed 1860 may be integrated with or integrally formed with the bottom interior region of the upper as the footbed is being formed. In some cases, the footbed 1860 may be undetachably fixed to the bottom interior region of the upper once the footbed is formed.
In some cases, the footbed 1860 may comprise the one or more sole materials used to form the midsole component 1830. In some embodiments, the footbed may be formed using the one or more source materials used to create the midsole component.
In some cases, the footbed may comprise a same material as the midsole material. In some cases, the footbed and the midsole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the footbed and the midsole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the footbed and the midsole may comprise different materials or different types of materials.
In some embodiments, the one or more source materials used to form the midsole may also be used to form the footbed of the shoe. In some cases, the footbed may be formed before the midsole component. In other cases, the footbed may be formed after the midsole component. In some alternative cases, the footbed or a portion thereof may be formed concurrently or simultaneously with the midsole component.
In some embodiments, one or more source materials may be directly over-injected onto or foamed around or over an interior surface portion of the upper to form the footbed. In some cases, the one or more source materials used to form the footbed may flow through an insole component positioned between (i) the footbed region and (ii) a void in the midsole mold for forming the midsole. The source materials used to form the footbed may then fill the void in the midsole mold to form the midsole component.
In some embodiments, one or more source materials may be directly injected into a void in the midsole mold to form the midsole. The source materials may fill the void in the midsole mold to form the midsole component. In some cases, the one or more source materials used to form the midsole component may flow through an insole component positioned between (i) the midsole component and (ii) an interior region of the upper. In some cases, the one or more source materials may partially fill the space within the interior region of the upper to form the footbed component.
In some optional or alternative embodiments, the one or more source materials may be simultaneously (i) over-injected onto or foamed around or over an interior surface of the upper to form the footbed and (ii) injected into or foamed within a void in the midsole mold to form the midsole. In some non-limiting embodiments, the one or more source materials may be directed through one or more injection ports or injection gates that can simultaneously feed the source materials to the interior region of the upper (to form the footbed) and to one or more voids within the midsole mold (to form the midsole).
In some cases, the source materials used to form the footbed may comprise a same material as the insole of the shoe. In some cases, the footbed and the insole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the footbed and the insole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the footbed and the insole may comprise different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, the source materials used to form the footbed may comprise a same material as the outsole of the shoe. In some cases, the footbed and the outsole may share at least one common material or type of material. In other cases, the footbed and the outsole may not or need not comprise any common materials or types of materials. In some cases, the footbed and the outsole may comprise different materials or different types of materials.
In some cases, one or more components of the shoe may have one or more channels or fluidic pathways connecting (i) a void in the midsole mold for forming the midsole and (ii) an interior region of the upper where a footbed can be formed. In some cases, the components of the shoe may have one or more holes or openings providing one or more channels or fluidic pathways connecting (i) the void in the midsole mold and (ii) the interior region of the upper. In some cases, the one or more holes or openings may provide a plurality of channels or fluidic pathways connecting (i) the void in the midsole mold and (ii) the interior region of the upper. In some cases, the holes or openings may be provided in the insole component and/or the upper component of the shoe.
In some cases, the one or more holes or openings may be configured to provide a fluidic pathway for directing one or more source materials from the void in the midsole mold to the interior region of the upper so that the one or more source materials can partially fill the interior of the upper to form the footbed component. In some cases, the one or more holes or openings may be configured to direct the one or more injected source materials from the interior region of the upper to the void in the midsole mold so that the one or more source materials can partially fill the void to form the midsole component.
In some cases, the article of footwear may comprise a network of sole material extending through the insole component and/or the upper component. In some cases, the network of sole material may be configured to extend between the footbed component and the midsole component of the shoe. In some cases, the network of sole material may comprise a plurality of interconnecting sections or segments of sole material joining the footbed component and the midsole component. In some cases, the plurality of interconnecting sections or segments of sole material may be formed as the one or more source materials are injected or flowed through the one or more apertures or holes provided within the insole component and/or the upper component of the shoe.
In some embodiments, the upper component, insole component, and/or outsole component may comprise one or more surface features 1850 extending from a surface of the upper component, outsole component, or insole component. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features 1850 may be used to promote or facilitate a mechanical interlock between the midsole component and the upper, insole, and/or outsole component(s) as the midsole component is actively being formed (e.g., using any of the manufacturing methods or steps described elsewhere herein). In some embodiments, the material(s) used to form the midsole component may be over-injected or flowed onto, around, over, or through the one or more surface features 1850 in order to physically interlock the midsole component with the upper, insole, and/or outsole components. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features 1850 may comprise a plurality of surface area enhancing structures configured to increase an amount of surface area of the upper, insole, and/or outsole that is in contact with or that can physically interlock with the source material(s) used to form the midsole component.
In some embodiments, the one or more source materials used to form the midsole may at least partially surround or cover the additional surface area provided by the one or more surface features 1850 to form a plurality of physical or mechanical connections between (i) the midsole component and (ii) the upper, insole, and/or outsole. In some embodiments, the one or more source materials used to form the midsole component may be configured to extend through the one or more surface features 1850 to form a plurality of physical or mechanical connections between (i) the midsole component and (ii) the upper, insole, and/or outsole. In some embodiments, the one or more source materials may form a midsole section or layer with one or more interlacing structures or interlaced portions extending laterally or horizontally through the one or more surface features 1850 to secure the midsole component to the upper, insole, and/or outsole. In some cases, the one or more portions of the midsole that are interlaced with the upper, insole, and/or outsole may be configured to extend under the footbed of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more interlaced portions of the midsole may be configured to extend along and/or across a bottom or lower surface of the insole component of the shoe. In some cases, the one or more interlaced portions of the midsole may be configured to extend along and/or across an upper surface of the outsole component of the shoe.
In some cases, the one or more surface features may comprise a plurality of sub-structures 1901 configured to extend towards each other (e.g., as shown in
In some cases, the one or more surface features may comprise a plurality of sub-structures configured to extend in a same direction. In other cases, the one or more surface features may comprise a plurality of sub-structures configured to extend in different directions.
In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise at least one surface feature with a thickness that varies along a length or a curvature of the at least one surface feature. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise at least one surface feature with a tapered shape or profile. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise at least one surface feature with a twisted or bent shape or profile.
In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more hooks 2000 arranged across a surface of the upper component, the insole component, or the outsole component (e.g., as shown in
In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more cavities, recesses, or depressions provided in or on the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more apertures or windows provided in or on the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component.
In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more protrusions arranged across a surface of the upper component, the insole component, or the outsole component. In some cases, the one or more protrusions may have one or more apertures or holes that the midsole material can pass through or extend into in order to create a physical connection between the midsole and the upper, insole, and/or outsole components.
In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may comprise one or more protrusions arranged across a surface of the upper component, the insole component, or the outsole component. In some cases, the one or more protrusions may have one or more cavities or recesses that the one or more source materials can pass through or extend into in order to physically connect the midsole with the upper, insole, and/or outsole components.
In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may be arranged along or across a surface of the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may be arranged in an array comprising a series of surface features arranged in a row or a column across a surface of the upper component, the insole component, and/or the outsole component. In some embodiments, the one or more surface features may be arranged in a staggered configuration.
Although an overview of the inventive subject matter has been described with reference to specific example embodiments, various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader scope of embodiments of the present disclosure. Such embodiments of the inventive subject matter may be referred to herein, individually or collectively, by the term “invention” merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single disclosure or inventive concept.
The embodiments illustrated herein are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings disclosed. Other embodiments may be used and derived therefrom, such that substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The disclosure, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of various embodiments includes the full range of equivalents to which the disclosed subject matter is entitled.
The above detailed description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawings show, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. These embodiments are also referred to herein as “examples.” Such examples can include elements in addition to those shown or described. However, the present inventors also contemplate examples in which only those elements shown or described are provided. Moreover, the present inventors also contemplate examples using any combination or permutation of those elements shown or described (or one or more aspects thereof), either with respect to a particular example (or one or more aspects thereof), or with respect to other examples (or one or more aspects thereof) shown or described herein. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements fall within the scope of the subject matter herein and as represented by the appended claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
The above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. Other embodiments can be used, such as by one of ordinary skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. Also, in the above description, various features may be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as intending that an unclaimed disclosed feature is essential to any claim. Rather, inventive subject matter may lie in less than all features of a particular disclosed embodiment.
In this document, the terms “a” or “an” are used, as is common in patent documents, to include one or more than one, independent of any other instances or usages of “at least one” or “one or more.” In this document, the term “or” is used to refer to a nonexclusive or, such that “A or B” includes “A but not B,” “B but not A,” and/or “A and B.” In this document, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein.” Also, in the following claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are open-ended, that is, a system, device, article, composition, formulation, or process that includes elements in addition to those listed after such a term in a claim are still deemed to fall within the scope of that claim. Moreover, in the following claims, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.
An Abstract is included to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
The following claims are hereby incorporated into the description as examples or embodiments, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment, and it is contemplated that such embodiments can be combined with each other in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
This application is a Continuation-in-Part of co-pending and co-assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/970,817 filed on Oct. 21, 2022, which application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17970817 | Oct 2022 | US |
| Child | 18590211 | US |
