GOLF TRAINING SYSTEM AND METHODS

FIELD OF INVENTION

The invention relates to the game of golf and more particularly to a golf training system and methods that analyzes automated inputs and user specified inputs to provide an output that the user may apply during play, thereby training a user to improve stroke accuracy and precision.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

Golf is a sport or game in which golfers use clubs to hit balls into a hole on a golf course. Most courses are 18 or 9 holes and are not considered standard playing areas because of varied terrain. Terrain features include tees, fairways, roughs, woods, water hazards, sand traps (or bunkers), and golf greens (commonly referred to as “the green”). The terrain of the golf course is generally varied so as to enhance the difficulty and play experience of the golf course. The greens further include a hole into which the golfer attempts to place the golf ball.

A golfer initially hits a ball from a tee box toward the green with the goal of having the ball enter the hole in the least number of shots or strokes possible. Usually, more than one stroke is required to place the golf ball in the hole. The golf ball is moved from the tee box to the green by hitting or stroking (or golf shot) the ball with a golf club.

Golfers may be considered beginner, intermediate, or advanced and assigned a handicap. A golf handicap is a numerical measure of a golfer's potential that is used to enable players of varying abilities to compete against one another. Better players are those with the lowest handicaps.

Great skill and precision is required to successfully stroke the golf ball onto the green and eventually into the hole with a minimum number of strokes. Once the ball is near the green, various physical contours and properties of the green and its surrounding environment must be reviewed by the player to aid the player in accurately stroking/shooting the ball into the hole. Distance to the hole, lines, slopes, grades, wind speed, wind direction, wetness or dryness of the grass, the length of the grass, the grain of the grass and other variables must be taken into account when determining the direction (AIM) and swing speed (FORCE) of the golf club.

Sometimes, a golfer employs a caddie that is familiar with a course and can therefore offer advice on the direction to hit the ball (AIM), and how hard (FORCE) to hit the ball, what type of shot to hit, etc. However, caddies are generally not available for the average golfer. To address this, technology has been used to provide digital caddies in the form of special-purpose electronic devices or as programs running on multi-purpose electronic devices that provide much of the information generally provided by a caddy. For example, global positioning system (GPS) devices are available that provide a distance to the hole or an obstacle to assist the golfer in selecting the appropriate club, type of shot, and swing speed. Such devices are useful when hitting a drive, approach shot, or other relatively longer distance shot where precision is less important. However, when putting or chipping on or near the green, where both the direction (AIM) and swing speed (FORCE) of the shot must be precisely determined, such GPS devices provide little benefit. Some of the most important considerations when stroking/shooting are the position of the golf ball on the golf surface and the distance between the golf ball and the hole. A player's likelihood of success largely depends upon the player knowing these pieces of information. Once the position and distance has been determined, the player may adjust his or her golf club swing accordingly. The position of the golf ball and the distance between the golf ball and the hole may be gauged by pacing (STEPS) or is otherwise estimated by the player. Even when an accurate measurement is obtained, it can be difficult for the player to account for ground conditions and varying slopes of some golf surfaces.

Further, a key requirement of any digital caddy is that it must provide information in a sufficiently quick manner so as to not unacceptably slow play. GPS location devices can be programmed with the coordinates of tee blocks, fairways, greens, and other features of a golf course so that an instant reading of an important distance can be provided at any time. Accordingly, because the golfer can rely on the distance provided by the GPS location device rather than relying on other physical markers on the golf course (e.g. by stepping off (STEPS) a distance from a distance marker), such devices can speed play. However, as stated above, these devices provide little benefit once the ball is on or in close proximity to the green.

Because approximately half of the strokes taken by a typical golfer are on and around the putting greens, a round of golf can be won or lost near or on the putting greens. Consequently, being able to accurately read a green to determine the path the ball will roll on and swing speed to use for a particular putt is an important part of a golfer's game. A golfer's ability to read greens accurately is a skill that must be developed through training and practice. Developing the ability to accurately assess the path that a ball will track and the speed at which the golf ball should be struck to make a putt on any green requires good training and many repetitions.

Utilizing proper training methods and systems is the key to efficient learning. Although certain golf training aids consider some form of information on “where” (AIM) and “to what extent” (FORCE) a golfer should hit a golf ball, none teach the golfer “how” (to correctly putt) and “why” (pendulum & tempo =repeatability =lower golf scores). If a golfer receives information on where to direct his or her ball (AIM) and how much FORCE should be used in a stroke, but is unable to putt or chip the ball accordingly, all of the data provided by all other golf systems or aids will not result in the golfer obtaining a lower golf score.

Continuing use of currently available systems and aids will result in repeating the same mistakes over and over again. For example a golfer may inappropriately attribute a missed putt as a product of failing to appropriately read the contours of the green, when in fact the missed putt was due to an improper strike of the golf ball and speed of the putt.

Developing the skill to accurately read a green to determine the path a golf ball will take when struck with a given FORCE is difficult to do. A golfer must accurately assess the speed of the green and how the contours of the green will affect the path of the ball. The process for determining the speed of the green includes a read of the type of grass utilized to make the putting surface, the grain of the putting surface, current wind conditions, the time of day, when the grounds person last cut the grass, the length of grass, the contours of the green itself, the lie of the land surrounding the greens (e.g., whether the green is next to water or constructed on a hillside), etc. Because the assessment process is complicated, a golfer's most important tool in reading a green is the golfer's unconscious mind that has been properly and consistently trained. Providing a golfer with training methods and systems of how to properly and consistently putt/chip will enhance their ability to efficiently learn to read greens.

What is needed is a system and methods that analyzes automated inputs and user specified inputs to provide an output that a user may apply during play, thereby training a user to improve stroke accuracy and precision.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

The invention is directed to a golf training system and methods that provides an output a user may apply during play. The output is determined through an analysis of inputs—automated inputs and user specified inputs. The output may be communicated in one or more ways including visually or aurally. By applying the output during play, a user may be trained to improve stroke accuracy and precision.

In the simplest embodiment of the invention, the output is determined through an analysis of three (3) user specified inputs: (1) distance of the golf ball from the hole (STEPS); (2) an estimate of how much the terrain between the ball and the hole will cause the ball to diverge from a straight line of travel from its location on the golf surface to the hole (BREAK); and (3) an estimate of terrain rise or fall, i.e., slope, between the golf ball and the hole (HILL).

The output is provided in terms of FORCE and AIM that may include a value for optimal ball trajectory, a visualization of a path the ball should be stuck on, location on the ball where it should be struck and optimal FORCE or swing speed to be applied to the ball.

More specifically, the invention may provide output in the form of calibration instruments such as charts, boards, banners, etc. that the golfer (otherwise referred to as “user”) may reference.

The invention may provide output in the form of a value or number resultant from one or more formulas (i.e. algebraic, charts and/or electronic computations and displays, etc.) that communicates to the golfer optimum AIM and FORCE for a successful putt.

According to implementations for calculating an ideal stroke/shot direction and speed, and angle based on certain calculations, may result in the golf ball coming to rest in the hole or within a fifteen (15) inch radius of the hole. The primary object of the invention is to lower a golfer's score by reducing the number of strokes per hole/ round of golf.

The invention provides training instruction in two major categories (flat and uneven surfaces), to golfers of any ability, on how to determine the required swing speed (FORCE) and proper direction (AIM) on and around the green. The invention utilizes multiple instructional devices, both analog and electronic, that make the systems easy to access and use.

Specifically, embodiments of the invention provide systems and methods for calibrating, calculating and providing golfers with recommended swing parameters in a more efficient manner that utilizes fewer analog and computational resources.

The invention focuses on FORCE and AIM and is a simplified system of providing information to the user by which the user's score may be lowered. The term FORCE refers to the swing speed or how hard the ball must be hit. The term AIM refers to the direction to hit the ball with respect to the hole with consideration of other variables such as those mentioned above.

Systems and methods for calculating and calibrating the ideal FORCE and AIM of the golf ball on a golf surface, accounting for the details of the terrain between the golf ball and the hole, to cause a golf ball in an initial location on a golf surface, when struck by a golf club, to enter a hole in a golf surface as described are computationally efficient and rapid. Efficient computational calculation and calibration results allows implementation of the systems and methods with lower-powered computing devices, including, but not limited to, mobile computing devices such as smart phones or similar and may be self-contained such that it is not required to connect to another system or computer.

Implementation of the invention may be associated with special-purpose electronic devices such as dedicated golf aids, or may be associated with general-purpose electronic devices, such as an application or program running on any of a variety of electronic devices. Implementation of the invention is significantly less computationally intensive than existing methods for determining a putting speed and angle, allowing for implementations that are less expensive than currently available systems and devices. Additionally, results can be provided more quickly, thereby speeding play.

In certain embodiments, the system queries whether or not GPS data is available. If so, then it is automatically retrieved. And if not, then a user may be prompted to enter certain GPS data-related inputs. In addition to fixed data or automated inputs, the user is prompted for certain inputs. Calculations are performed on the inputs to provide an output to the user.

The invention is directed to a method of involving the use of technical means such as a computer or a device. Specifically, the invention uses a combination of a computer program and physical aids, The program specifies a method of determining both a force value and an aim value. The force value is calculated between a golf ball and a golf club head, e.g., a putter. The aim value is calculated between a golf hole and a distance from a ball to the golf hole. Specifically, the program determines a force value and an aim value based upon a unique calculation for each value. Each calculation uses a constant number, a multiplier number, and a distance number. Until now, there has not been a system or method to calculate a FORCE value or an AIM value based on the location of a golf ball to a hole.

The output directed to the calculated values for FORCE and AIM are each converted to a unit of measure so that they can be each implemented using a calibration guide apparatus.

An AIM calibration guide apparatus includes a board with a plurality of visual markings to illustrate various distances on either side from a center line by which a golfer may adjust their AIM depending upon the AIM output. The AIM calibration guide is placed behind a hole such that the center line aligns with a center of the hole. The AIM calibration guide displays various distances left or right of the hole; that is, the user is provided with a visual of the unit of measure from the center of the hole. The user may calibrate by aiming their put/chip at the visual marking that represents the distance measured from the center of the hole as provided by the output. For example, if the output for AIM is 4″ with a right break, the golfer strikes the ball in a path aligned with the visual marking that is 4″ to the right of the center line as indicated on the AIM calibration guide.

A FORCE calibration guide apparatus includes a board with a plurality of visual markings to illustrate various distances from a starting line by which a golfer may adjust their FORCE depending upon the FORCE output. The FORCE calibration guide illustrates to a user how far back the golf club is being moved from the starting line to create a more consistent stroke. The FORCE calibration guide is placed behind a ball such that a golf club head can be moved from the starting line to a line of the plurality. For example, if the output for FORCE is 10″, the golfer implements a backstroke so that the golf club head is aligned with the line that is 10″ behind the ball as indicated on the FORCE calibration guide.

The invention and its attributes and advantages may be further understood and appreciated with reference to the detailed description below of one contemplated embodiment, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in conjunction with the appended drawings provided to illustrate and not to limit the invention, where like designations denote like elements, and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of the step of a user.

FIG. 2A illustrates a perspective view of the portion of the course including left break.

FIG. 2B illustrates a perspective view of the portion of the course including right break.

FIG. 2C illustrates an angle of the curved travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole for a left break.

FIG. 2D illustrates an angle of the curved travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole for a right break.

FIG. 2E is a table defining angles for various left and right breaks.

FIG. 2F is a graphical representation of each of the various left and right breaks.

FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a course with a hole on a top of a hill.

FIG. 3B illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a course with a hole on a bottom of a hill.

FIG. 3C illustrates an angle of the sloped travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole on a bottom of a hill.

FIG. 3D illustrates an angle of the sloped travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole on a top of a hill.

FIG. 3E is a table defining angles for various hills.

FIG. 3F is a graphical representation of each of the various hills.

FIG. 4A illustrates various STEP putts for a right handed golfer (reverse for a left handed golfer),

FIG. 413 illustrates various STEP putt adjustments made to accommodate different green speeds for a right handed golfer (reverse for a left handed golfer).

FIG. 5A is an exemplary computing system that may be used to implement all or a portion of the invention.

FIG. 5B is another exemplary computing system that may be used to implement all or a portion of the invention.

FIG. 5C is yet another exemplary computing system that may be used to implement all or a portion of the invention.

FIG. 6A is an operation flow chart according to the invention.

FIG. 6B illustrates a block diagram of exemplary inputs to the system according to the invention.

FIG. 6C illustrates a block diagram of exemplary calculations performed by the system according to the invention.

FIG. 6D illustrates a block diagram of exemplary outputs provided by the system according to the invention.

FIG. 7A is an operation block diagram according to the invention,

FIG. 7B is a flow chart of computer instructions steps of a computer program for determining a FORCE value.

FIG. 7C is a flow chart of computer instructions steps of a computer program for determining an AIM value.

FIG. 8A illustrates a calculation database for FORCE calculations according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8B illustrates a calculation database for AIM calculations according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9A illustrates an exemplary green speed calibration guide apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9B illustrates an exemplary AIM calibration guide apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9C illustrates an exemplary FORCE calibration guide apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a database directed to force and aim proficiency.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

The invention provides a system and methods for golf training to consistently lower golf scores. A device including software application determines an amount of force that a golf ball should be struck under a myriad of circumstances and conditions to provide the greatest possibility of the ball entering the hole. The myriad of circumstances may include, for example, weather, golfer age, terrain including breaks and hills, etc. More specifically, a software application according to the invention provides a digital, portable format allowing a user to quickly reference, whether practicing or playing a round of golf, the outputs directed to AIM and FORCE by simply inputting variables directed to steps, break and hill. These inputs are considered along with fixed data or automated inputs such as current conditions such as location or weather to calculate AIM and FORCE communicated to the user before his or her stroke.

Although the invention is primarily discussed with respect to putting and chipping, this is for exemplary purposes only. It is contemplated the invention may be used with long shots, short shots, sand obstacles, etc.

FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of the step of a user. The DISTANCE between a golf ball and the hole is a defined by a number of steps. As shown in FIG. 1, one STEP 181 is defined by the distance from the toe of the trailing foot to the toe of the leading foot of the user with a preferred step being 36 inches. Although the invention may be described in reference to a particular unit of measure, any unit of measure (i.e. feet, inches, centimeters, meters, etc.) is contemplated. A number of steps between a ball and a hole is represented by the letter “S”.

FIG. 2A illustrates a cross section of a portion of a course with a left break from a hole and FIG. 2B illustrates a cross section of a portion of a course with a right break from a hole. A value representing an elevation change in the golf a course is referred to as a BREAK 182. This value is a visual estimate by the user. As shown in FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D, the BREAK 182 value is defined by an angle of the curved travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole. The BREAK 182 value is represented by the letter “B”.

FIG. 2E is a table defining various left and right breaks: NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME. FIG. 2F is a graphical representation of each of the various left and right breaks. Each break is defined by an angle as measured from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole. A predetermined scale provides a reference for inputting the BREAK value. The input is based on the angle selected as one from the group: NONE=0°, MINOR=1° to 22.5°, MODERATE=22.6° to 45°, MAJOR=46° to 67.5°, EXTREME=67.6° to 90°. The input received is translated to a multiplier value according to the following NONE=0, MINOR=1, MODERATE=2, MAJOR=3, EXTREME=4. According to this embodiment of the invention, 5 multipliers are contemplated. However, the number of categories/multipliers may increase or decrease depending on the experience of the golfer, for example, 4 categories or less for beginners and 6 categories or more for advanced players.

In an embodiment contemplated for beginners, the multipliers may be 0 for a predetermined scale with MINOR=0°, multiplier 1 for a predetermined scale with MODERATE=1-30°, multiplier 2 for MAJOR=31°-60°, and multiplier 3 for a scale with EXTREME=61°90°. In another embodiment contemplated for advanced players, the predetermined scale may be NONE=0°, MINOR=0.1° to 18°, MODERATE=18.1° to 36′, MAJOR=36.1° to 54°, EXTREME=54.1° to 72′, ACUTE=72.1° to 90° with multipliers NONE=0, MINOR=1, MODERATE=2, MAJOR=3, EXTREME=4, ACUTE=5. FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a course with a hole on a top of a hill. FIG. 3B illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a course with a hole on a bottom of a hill. A value representing the severity of downhill or uphill (i.e., terrain elevation or slope) is referred to as a HILL 183. This value is a visual estimate by the user. As shown in FIG. 3C and FIG. 3D, the HILL 183 value is defined by an angle of the sloped travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole. The HILL 183 value is represented by the letter “H”.

FIG. 3E is a table defining various hills: NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME. FIG. 3F is a graphical representation of each of the various hills. Each hill is defined by an angle as measured from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole.

A predetermined scale provides a reference for inputting the HILL value. The input is based on the angle selected as one from the group: NONE=0°, MINOR=1° to 22.5°, MODERATE=22.6° to 45°, MAJOR=46° to 67.5°, EXTREME=67.6° to 90°. The input received is translated to a multiplier value according to the following NONE=0, MINOR=1, MODERATE=2, MAJOR=3, EXTREME=4. According to this embodiment of the invention, 5 multipliers are contemplated. However, the number of categories multipliers may increase or decrease depending on the experience of the golfer, for example, 4 categories or less for beginners and 6 categories or more for advanced players,

The distance of how far a ball travels in a putt is determined by the distance of the backstroke of the golf club head (e.g., a putter) and a follow through that is equal to the distance of the backstroke. A value representing the distance a putter is moved in a backstroke as calculated from a starting position is referred to as FORCE 305. The distance controls how far the ball travels forward when struck by the putter. The FORCE 305 value is represented by the letter “F”.

According to a preferred embodiment, FORCE 305 is based on a factor of 10 inches with varying conditions that may impact the FORCE 305 distance by slightly increasing or decreasing the FORCE 305 value from 10 inches. Hence, a 10-STEP putt is where the ball is 10 STEPS from the hole—i.e., 10 yard, 30 foot, 360 inch, 9.144 meter, 914.4 centimeters—and has a FORCE 305 (backstroke) of 10 inches. Using a factor of 10 inches, in comparison to other factors, was determined to provide the most accurate output with respect to the FORCE value. Although the unit of measure is inches, any unit is contemplated such as feet, centimeters, meters, etc.

As noted above, HILL 183 is up or down when facing the hole standing behind the ball, and a visual estimate of the severity of uphill or downhill terrain between the ball and the hole. BREAK 182 is left or right facing the hole standing behind the ball, and a visual estimate of severity of left to right or right to left expected golf ball movement. HILL 183 and BREAK 182 combinations exhibit four (4) potential outcomes, with varying degrees of each: (1) no HILL 183, no BREAK 182 is a straight, flat putt, (2) HILL 183, but no BREAK 182, (3) no HILL 183 with BREAK 182, and (4) both HILL 183 and BREAK 182. It must be noted that uphill putts are slower and BREAK 182 less. Therefore, more FORCE 305 has to be exerted on an uphill putt, offsetting the impact of gravity on an uphill putt. Downhill putts are faster and BREAK 182 more. Therefore less FORCE 305 has to be exerted on a downhill putt, because of the increasing impact of gravity on a downhill putt.

The invention is directed to a method of involving the use of technical means such as a computer or a device. Specifically, the invention uses a combination of a computer program and physical aids. The program specifies a method of determining both a force value and an aim value. The force value is calculated between a golf ball and a golf club head. The aim value is calculated between a golf hole and a distance of the ball from the golf hole. Specifically, the program determines a force value and an aim value based upon a unique equation for each value. Each equation uses a constant number, a multiplier number, and a distance number. The calculated value is then converted to a unit of measure so that the force value and aim value can be implemented using a calibration guide apparatus.

FIG. 4A illustrates various STEP putts for a right handed golfer (reverse for a left handed golfer). FIG. 4A illustrates STEP putts. A 10-STEP putt is where the ball is 10 STEPS from the hole, a 15-STEP putt is where the ball is 15 STEPS from the hole, etc. FORCE 305 for a 10-STEP putt (i.e., the ball is 10 STEPS from the hole) for a right handed golfer, begins on a level portion of a putting green, placing the inside of the left and right foot approximately 10 inches apart. Place the golf ball near the inside of the front (left) foot. Head & eyes directly above the golf ball, Backswing FORCE 305 (golf club head) will go to the inside of the back (right) foot, followed by the forward putting stroke.

With the achievement of a consistent 10-STEP putt, a 5-STEP putt, is achieved by simply decrease the 10-STEP backstroke by half, with a 5 inch backstroke and 5 inch follow through. Similarly, a 20-STEP putt, is achieved by simply doubling the 10-STEP backstroke to a 20 inch backstroke and 20 inch follow through. A 15-STEP putt is approximately a 15 inch back stroke and follow through. A 1-STEP or 3-foot putt only needs a 1 inch back stroke.

FIG. 4B illustrates various adjustments made to FORCE 305 to accommodate different green speeds for a right handed golfer (reverse for a left handed golfer). Green speed is a measure, such as a “stimp” rating by a stimpmeter device, of the speed of a golf course putting green by applying a known force to a golf ball and measuring the distance traveled in feet. Calibrating for different putting green speeds is accomplished by increasing or decreasing the distance between the user's feet to adjust for greens with different speeds, Using a 10-STEP putt as a baseline, the distance between feet is adjusted, with faster putting greens, requiring feet to be closer together and slower putting greens, requiring feet to be further apart. Factors impacting putting green speed can include: length of grass, direction grass is cut, direction grass is growing (towards the sun), type of grass, wetness, wind, etc. It is contemplated that practice putting greens as well as the different putting greens on a particular golf course are relatively similar.

Embodiments of the invention may be practiced by one or more computing devices and in a variety of system configurations, including in a networked configuration. For example, the invention may be implemented using a variety of general-purpose and special-purpose electronic and computing devices, which may further communicate via a network. It is contemplated that the invention may be practiced by one or more computing devices and in a variety of system configurations, including in a networked configuration. However, it is also contemplated that the invention may include and/or utilize embedded systems with general purpose processing units, digital/media signal processors (DSP/MSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), standalone electronic devices, and other such electronic environments. FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. SC illustrate exemplary computing systems that may be used to implement all or a portion of the invention.

FIG. 5A includes a computer device 10, which may be a general-purpose or special purpose computer or any of a variety of consumer electronic devices. For example, computer device 10 may be a personal computer, a notebook or laptop computer, a netbook, a personal digital assistant (“PDA”) or other hand-held device, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a workstation, a minicomputer, a mainframe, a supercomputer, a multi-processor system, a network computer, a processor-based consumer electronic device, a computer device integrated into another device or vehicle, a golf-specific device, a GPS device, or the like. Computer device 10 includes system bus 12, which may be configured to connect various components thereof and enables data to be exchanged between two or more components. System bus 12 may include one of a variety of bus structures including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, or a local bus that uses any of a variety of bus architectures. Typical components connected by system bus 12 include processing system 14 and memory 16. Other components may include one or more mass storage device interface 18, input interface 20, output interface 22, and/or network interface 24, discussed more fully below.

Processing system 14 includes one or more processors, such as a central processor and optionally one or more other processors designed to perform a particular function or task. It is typically processing system 14 that executes the program instructions provided on computer-readable media, such as on memory 16, a magnetic hard disk, a removable magnetic disk, a magnetic cassette, an optical disk, or from a communication connection, which may also be viewed as a computer-readable medium or may provide access to a remote computer-readable medium.

Memory 16 includes one or more computer-readable media that may be configured to include or includes thereon data or instructions for manipulating data, and may be accessed by processing system 14 through system bus 12. Memory 16 may include, for example, ROM 28, used to permanently store information, and/or RAM 30, used to temporarily store information. ROM 28 may include a basic input/output system (“BIOS”) having one or more routines that are used to establish communication, such as during start-up of computer device 10. RAM 30 may include one or more program modules, such as one or more operating systems, application programs, and/or program data. One or more databases are stored in memory 16.

One or more mass storage device interfaces 18 may be used to connect one or more mass storage devices 26 to system bus 12. The mass storage devices 26 may be incorporated into or may be peripheral to computer device 10 and allow computer device 10 to retain large amounts of data. Optionally, one or more of the mass storage devices 26 may be removable from computer device 10. Examples of mass storage devices include hard disk drives, magnetic disk drives, tape drives, flash memory drives, and optical disk drives. A mass storage device 26 may read from and/or write to a magnetic hard disk, a removable magnetic disk, a magnetic cassette, an optical disk, flash memory, or another computer-readable medium. Mass storage devices 26 and their corresponding computer-readable media provide nonvolatile storage of data and/or executable instructions that may include one or more program modules such as an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, or program data. Such executable instructions may include program code as a means for implementing certain methods of the invention. Computer executable instructions may include data structures, objects, programs, routines, or other program modules that may be accessed by a processing system, such as one associated with a general-purpose computer capable of performing various different functions or one associated with a special purpose computer capable of performing a limited number of functions. Specifically, computer executable instructions cause the processing system to perform a particular function or group of functions and are examples of program code means for implementing steps for methods disclosed herein. Furthermore, a particular sequence of the executable instructions provides an example of corresponding acts that may be used to implement such steps. Examples of computer-readable media include random-access memory (“RAM”), read-only memory (“ROM”), programmable read-only memory (“PROM”), erasable programmable read-only memory (“EPROM”), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (“EPROM”), compact disk read-only memory (“CD-ROM”), or any other device or component that is capable of providing data or executable instructions that may be accessed by a processing system. While embodiments of the invention embrace the use of all types of computer-readable media, certain embodiments as recited in the claims may be limited to the use of tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media, and the phrases “tangible computer-readable medium” and “non-transitory computer-readable medium” (or plural variations) used herein are intended to exclude transitory propagating signals per se.

As shown in FIG. 5A, one or more input interfaces 20 may be employed to enable a user to enter data and/or instructions to computer device 10 through one or more corresponding input devices 32. Examples of such input devices include a keyboard and alternate input devices, such as a mouse, trackball, light pen, stylus, or other pointing device, a microphone, a joystick, a game pad, a satellite dish, a scanner, a camcorder, a digital camera, a touch screen, and the like. Similarly, examples of input interfaces 20 that may be used to connect the input devices 32 to the system bus 12 include a serial port, a parallel port, a game port, a universal serial bus (“USB”), an integrated circuit, a fire-wire (IEEE 1394), or another interface. For example, in some embodiments input interface 20 includes an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that is designed for a particular application. In a further embodiment, the ASIC is embedded and connects existing circuit building blocks.

One or more output interfaces 22 may be employed to connect one or more corresponding output devices 34 to system bus 12. Examples of output devices include a monitor or display screen, lights, a speaker, a printer, a multi-functional peripheral, and the like. A particular output device 34 may be integrated with or peripheral to computer device 10. Examples of output interfaces include a video adapter, an audio adapter, a parallel port, and the like.

One or more network interfaces 24 enable computer device 10 to exchange information with one or more other local or remote computer devices 36, illustrated as computer devices 36, via a network 38 that may include hardwired and/or wireless links. Examples of network interfaces include a network adapter for connection to a local area network (“LAN”) or a modem, wireless link, or other adapter for connection to a wide area network (“WAN”), such as the Internet. The network interface 24 may be incorporated with or peripheral to computer device 10. In a networked system, accessible program modules or portions thereof may be stored in a remote memory storage device. Furthermore, in a networked system computer device 10 may participate in a distributed computing environment, where functions or tasks are performed by a plurality of networked computer devices 36.

As shown in FIG. 5B mobile devices 40 communicate via network 38. And as shown in FIG. 5C, a computer device 36, mobile device 40 and other devices 50 communicate via network 38. These embodiments permit the exchange of information between two or more devices. For example, a golfer may wish to synchronize the output received on its mobile device 40 to a computer device 36.

FIG. 6A is an operation flow chart according to the invention. Inputs 100 are provided to the system, and calculations 200 are performed to render outputs 300.

FIG. 6B illustrates a block diagram of exemplary inputs to the system according to the invention. Application inputs 100 include, but are not limited to: fixed data or automated inputs 110, variable data or user specified inputs 150. Automated Inputs 110 may include data that is automatically updated based on current conditions such as location or weather. For example, GPS Location 111 is data that may be obtained from any aerial based system and used to determine the golf course being played or the user's location on the course. GPS Weather 112 is data regarding current weather conditions such as wind speed, temperature, humidity, and may be obtained from one or more sources such as weather.com or other digital weather services. Course Slope Rating 113 is data that indicates the measurement of the relative difficulty of a course for players who are not scratch golfers compared to the difficulty of a course for scratch golfers. Course Stimp Rating 114 is data directed to the measurement of the speed of a golf course putting green. This data is measured by applying a known FORCE to a golf ball and measuring the distance traveled in feet. Various other automated inputs are referred to as Other Input 11x.

Variable data or user specified inputs 150 are manual inputs entered to the system by the user. These include general inputs 160 such as name and address as well as other inputs discussed below. One input may be Golfer Handicap 161, which is a numerical measure of a user's potential ability. In the US Golf Association (USGA) system, handicaps range between zero and 36.4 for men and 40.4 for women. The handicap shows a user's current skill level in the game. Golfer Age 162 is data in years or by year of birth. Data directed to Golfer Gender 163 is input as male (“M”) or female (“F”) and used as a factor in applying strength to the calculations. Manual weather 164 data may be that which the user deems important but not provided as an automated input. For example, manual weather 164 may be the user's estimation of precipitation in the past x hours. Manual green speeds 165 is data based on a user's estimation and can be entered as numerical values or as a selection from a group, e.g., Average, Fast, Slow, or None, Minor, Moderate, Major. For example, an input of “Average” for green speed may denote a 6.5 feet-8.5 feet estimated distance of a ball struck by the user to travel to a hole. Or an input of “Average” for green speed may denote a 5-10 mph estimated speed of a ball struck by the user during travel to a hole. Golf Club Weights 166 data is the weight of the club the user is using. For example, Golf Club Weights 166 data may be entered as a numerical value between 12-20 ounces. Other Input 16x is also contemplated.

User specified inputs 150 also include Putting Green Input 180 such as Distance 181, BREAK 182, HILL 183, Golf Club In-Use 184, or Other Input 18x. The Distance 181 input denotes the amount of space between a ball and the hole measured in STEPS (S) 181. As described above, total distance or length of a putt of 1 step=1 STEP or 3 feet. BREAK 182 input is a value representing the evaluation of terrain between the ball and the hole in terms of divergence from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole. HILL 183 represents the extent the terrain between the ball and the hole rises or falls. And Golf Club In-Use 184 may be entry of “a” for Putter or “b” for Chipping Wedge. Various other manual inputs are referred to as Other Input 18x.

FIG. 6C illustrates a block diagram of exemplary calculations performed by the system according to the invention. Application Calculations 200 include, but are not limited to PUTTING Calculations 210 and CHIPPING Calculations 250.

PUTTING Calculations 210 include an AIM Calculation 220 and a FORCE Calculation 230. The AIM Calculation 220=STEPS×BREAK+STEPS/5×HILL×(−1 for Uphill or +1 for Downhill). The FORCE Calculation 230=STEPS+STEPS/5×HILL×(+1 for Uphill or −1 for Downhill. CHIPPING Calculations 250 include an AIM Calculation 260 and a FORCE Calculation 270. The AIM Calculation 260=STEPS/2×BREAK+STEPS/5×HILL×(−1 for Uphill or +1 for Downhill). The FORCE Calculation 270=STEPS+STEPS/5×HILL×(+1 for Uphill or −1 for Downhill). With the FORCE variable impacted most significantly by the STEPS variable, the impact of the HILL variable in the equation must be diminished. According to the invention, the HILL variable is diminished by dividing a STEP variable by 5 since this value effectively reduces the impact of the HILL variable on the equation and permits a 1:1 ratio for converting the calculated FORCE or AIM value to a unit of measure. Using a number other than 5 was discovered to not effectively reduce the impact of the HILL variable on the equation and, further, fails to enable the FORCE value and AIM value to be converted to a unit of measure.

FIG. 6D illustrates a block diagram of exemplary outputs provided by the system according to the invention. Application Outputs 300 include, but are not limited to a PUTTING Output 310 and a CHIPPING Output 350. PUTTING Output 310 includes a Putting AIM Output 320 and a Putting FORCE Output 330. The Putting AIM Output 320 is the number of inches from center of hole, right or left to begin the putt and is communicated as one or both of a visual output 321 and an aural output 322. The Putting FORCE Output 330 is a number of inches to take the club back measured from the user's instep that contributes to how far the putted ball will travel and is communicated as one or both of a visual output 331 and an aural output 332. CHIPPING Output 350 includes a Chipping AIM Output 360 and a Chipping FORCE Output 370. The Chipping AIM Output 360 is the number of inches (or other unit of measure) from center of hole, right or left to begin the chip and is communicated as one or both of a visual output 361 and an aural output 362. The Chipping FORCE Output 370 is a number of inches to take the club back measured from the user's instep that contributes to how far the chipped ball will travel and is communicated as one or both of a visual output 371 and an aural output 372. Data is stored 380, and specifically FORCE data and AIM data is stored in databases 381A, 381B (see FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B).

FIG. 7A is an operation block diagram according to the invention. Inputs 100 are provided to the system, and calculations 200 performed to render outputs 300. The invention is implemented through an application including software program with executable instructions that may be downloadable, for example, to a mobile device such as a phone or smart watch. It is also contemplated that the invention may be directed to software and hardware that is self-contained such that it does not require any connection to another device.

More specifically, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 7B, a computer program stored in one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums for determining a FORCE value, the computer program comprising instructions for performing the steps of receiving by a processor a first input of a number of steps 702, receiving a hill severity input 704, translating the hill severity input to a multiplier value 706, receiving a constant value input 708, applying the equation to find FORCE 710. If the FORCE value is not an integer 712, the value is rounded to the nearest integer 714. Otherwise, if the FORCE value is an integer 712, the FORCE value is converted into a unit of length (e.g. inches) 716 and output to the user 718. The output is a distance of the golf club head backstroke. At step 702, the number of steps is the total distance from the ball to the hole, i.e., the length of the putt. According to the invention, 1. step equals 3 feet. This fixed definition was determined, in combination with the other inputs, to provide the most accurate FORCE value calculation.

At step 704, hill severity input (NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME) is received based on a predetermined scale. The predetermined scale is—NONE=0°, MINOR=1° to 22.5°, MODERATE=22.6° to 45°, MAJOR=46° to 67.5°, EXTREME=67.6° to 90°. This scale was determine to provide the most accurate FORCE value calculation. Using the predetermined scale, the golfer estimates the angle of the sloped travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole. Depending on the input of the hill severity as NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME, at step 706 it is translated to a value 0 through 4. Particularly, NONE=0, MINOR=1, MODERATE=2, MAJOR=3, EXTREME=4.

At step 708, a constant value is received that is based upon whether the ball is uphill or downhill from the hole. If the ball is uphill, the constant value is +1. If the ball is downhill, the constant value is −1.

At step 710, the equation is applied: FORCE Calculation Value=STEPS+STEPS/5×HILL×(+1 for Uphill or −1 for Downhill). With the FORCE value impacted most significantly by the STEPS variable, the impact of the HILL variable in the equation must be diminished. According to the invention, the HILL variable is diminished by dividing a STEP variable by 5 since this value effectively reduces the impact of the. HILL variable on the equation and permits a 1:1 ratio for converting the calculated FORCE value to a unit of measure. Using a number other than 5 was discovered to not effectively reduce the impact of the HILL variable on the equation and, further, fails to enable the FORCE value to be converted to a unit of measure.

At step 712, if the FORCE calculation value is not an integer, it is rounded to the nearest integer at step 714. The FORCE value integer is converted to a unit of length at step 716. According to one embodiment, the FORCE value integer is converted to inches using a 1:1 ratio. A 1:1 ratio is used since the equation effectively reduces the impact of the HILL variable in order to output a value that correlates to a unit of measure. At step 718, the FORCE value is output in the form of the unit of length which is applied using a calibration guide apparatus (described below). As shown in the flow chart of FIG. 7C, a computer program stored in one or more non-transitory computer-readable mediums for determining an AIM value, the computer program comprising instructions for performing the steps of receiving by a processor a first input of a number of steps 752, receiving a break input 754, translating the break input to a multiplier value 756, receiving a hill severity input 758, translating the hill severity input to a multiplier value 760, receiving a constant value input 762, applying the equation to find AIM 764. If the AIM value is not an integer 766, the value is rounded to the nearest integer 768. Otherwise, if the AIM value is an integer 766, the AIM value is converted into a unit of length (e.g. inches) 770 and output to the user 772. The output is a distance measured from the center of the hole.

At step 752, the number of steps is the total distance from the ball to the hole, i.e., the length of the putt. According to the invention, 1 step equals 3 feet. This fixed definition was determined, in combination with the other inputs, to provide the most accurate AIM value calculation.

At step 754, break input (NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME), is received based on a predetermined scale. The predetermined scale is—NONE=0°, MINOR=1° to 22.5°, MODERATE=22.6° to 45°, MAJOR=46° to 67.5°, EXTREME=67.6° to 90°. This scale was determine to provide the most accurate AIM value calculation. Using the predetermined scale, the golfer estimates the angle of the curved travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole for either a right or a left break. Depending on the input of the break input as NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME, at step 756 it is translated to a value 0 through 4. Particularly, NONE=0, MINOR=1, MODERATE=2, MAJOR=3, EXTREME=4.

At step 758, hill severity input (NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME) is received based on a predetermined scale. The predetermined scale is—NONE=0°, MINOR=1° to 22.5°, MODERATE=22.6° to 45°, MAJOR=46° to 67.5°, EXTREME=67.6° to 90°. This scale was determine to provide the most accurate AIM value calculation. Using the predetermined scale, the golfer estimates the angle of the sloped travel of a ball that deviates from a straight line of travel from the point of impact to the hole. Depending on the input of the hill severity as NONE, MINOR, MODERATE, MAJOR, EXTREME, at step 758 it is translated to a value 0 through 4. Particularly, NONE=0, MINOR=1, MODERATE=2, MAJOR=3, EXTREME=4.

At step 762, a constant value is received that is based upon whether the ball is uphill or downhill from the hole. If the ball is uphill, the constant value is +1. If the ball is downhill, the constant value is −1.

At step 764, the equation is applied: AIM Calculation Value=STEPS×BREAK+STEPS/5×HILL×(−1 for Uphill or +1 for Downhill). With the AIM value impacted most significantly by the STEPS variable, the impact of the HILL variable in the equation must be diminished. According to the invention, the HILL variable is diminished by dividing a STEP variable by 5 since this value effectively reduces the impact of the HILL variable on the equation and permits a 1:1 ratio for converting the calculated AIM value to a unit of measure. Using a number other than 5 was discovered to not effectively reduce the impact of the AIM variable on the equation and, further, fails to enable the AIM value to be converted to a unit of measure.

At step 766, if the AIM calculation value is not an integer, it is rounded to the nearest integer at step 768. The AIM value integer is converted to a unit of length at step 770. According to one embodiment, the AIM value integer is converted to inches using a 1:1 ratio. A 1:1 ratio is used since the equation was formulated to output a value that correlates to a unit of measure. At step 772, the AIM value is output in the form of the unit of length which is applied using a calibration guide apparatus (described below).

FIG. 8A illustrates a calculation database for FORCE calculations according to an embodiment of the invention. The database is stored in memory and stores the values for each calculation along with an output associated with each FORCE value calculated.

Depending on the FORCE value, output is accessed and retrieved for output, either as a visual or aural output. As shown in FIG. 8A, the database comprises a table of inputs and corresponding calculated FORCE value. The database also includes the output that includes the calculated FORCE value converted to a unit of measure. The output is a distance of the golf club head backstroke.

FIG. 8B illustrates a calculation database for AIM calculations according to an embodiment of the invention. The database is stored in memory and stores the values for each calculation along with an output associated with each AIM value calculated. Depending on the AIM value, output is accessed and retrieved for output, either as a visual or aural output. As shown in FIG. 8B, the database comprises a table of inputs and corresponding calculated AIM value. The database also includes the output that includes the calculated AIM value converted to a unit of measure. The output is a distance measured from the center of the hole.

As mentioned above, the calculated values for FORCE and AIM are each converted to a unit of measure so that they can be implemented using a calibration guide apparatus.

FIG. 9A illustrates an exemplary green speed calibration guide according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown, the Green Speed calibration guide 410 includes but is not limited to: a visual indication of how far back a golf club should be moved based on the speed of the green. Calibration for different green speeds is accomplished by increasing or decreasing the space between a user's feet. The Green Speed calibration guide 410 includes a board with guide lines that indicate the length or distance the club-head (i.e., putter) is taken back based on the speed of the green. Nearly all greens are Standard in terms of speed. On occasion, Slower Greens may require further separation of the golfer's stance or separation of feet. Likewise, on occasion faster greens will need less separation and a shorter backstroke. This guide may be used in conjunction with the calibration guide apparatus of FIG. 9C. AIM 301 determines outputting magnitude of direction change based on variable(s).

AIM 301 is the distance left or right of the center of the hole expressed in inches, feet, yards, centimeters and/or meters the golfer should AIM 301 the putt/chip based on the varied terrain between the current position of the golf ball and the hole.

FIG. 9B illustrates an exemplary AIM calibration guide apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. The AIM calibration guide 420 includes but is not limited to:

providing a visual indication of how far left or right a golfer should AIM when putting/chipping. The AIM calibration guide 420 has visual markings to indicate various distances by which a golfer may adjust their AIM 301 depending upon the AIM output. For visual reference, the AIM calibration guide 420 is placed behind the hole with the center flag aligned with the center of the hole. The Guide 420 to display various distances left or right of the hole; that is, the user is provided with a visual with what 3″, 4″, 6″ 8″, 10″, 20″, etc. looks like; however, any measurement is contemplated. The user may calibrate by aiming their put/chip at a distance measured from the center of the hole as provided by the output. For example, if the output for AIM is 4″ with a right break, the golfer strikes the ball in a path aligned with the line that is 4″ to the right of the center line as indicated on the AIM calibration guide 420. Marking a straight line on a golf ball with a permanent marker may be used to help with alignment.

As discussed above, FORCE is used to adjust the distance a user moves a club back to control how far the golf ball will travel forward. By keeping all other variables constant, especially tempo, varying the length or distance of the backswing can be easily adjusted.

FIG. 9C illustrates an exemplary FORCE calibration guide apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. The FORCE Backswing calibration guide 430 includes but is not limited to: a device with visual markings that indicate various distances to which a golfer may confirm the distance of their back stroke and fore stroke. The FORCE Backswing calibration guide 430 is a device that provides a visual indication for adjusting the distance a golfer moves a golf club back (backstroke) to control how far the golf ball will travel forward.

As shown, the FORCE calibration guide includes a board with lines to illustrate to the user how far back the golf club is being moved to create a more consistent stroke. A proper putting stroke has a subtle arc, illustrated on the board by a pair of parallel dotted green lines. It is assumed that the follow through of the putting stroke is about the same length or longer or distance as the back swing. For visual reference, the FORCE calibration guide 430 is placed in line with the ball. The Guide 430 displays various distances behind the ball; that is, the user is provided with a visual with what 2″, 6″ 8″, 10″, 22″, etc. looks like; however, any measurement is contemplated. The user may calibrate by moving their golf club head to a distance of a backstroke as provided by the output, For example, if the output for FORCE is 10″, the golfer implements a backstroke so that the golf club head is aligned with the line that is 10″ behind the ball as indicated on the FORCE calibration guide 430. Ball distance is increased by longer backstrokes and decreased by shorter backstrokes.

FIG. 10 is a database directed to force and aim proficiency. Specifically, the database provides percentages of proficiency for FORCE and 10-step calibration prior to advancing to AIM calculations and a number of variables for AIM calculations and BREAK calculations. In the US Golf Association (USDA) system, handicaps range between zero and 36.4 for men and 40.4 for women. The handicap shows a user's current skill level in the game and should not be confused with a basic average of past scores for the user.

Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

GOLF TRAINING SYSTEM AND METHODS

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